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基于重心自適應(yīng)調(diào)控的山地果園運(yùn)輸車設(shè)計與試驗(yàn)
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廣東省重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域研發(fā)計劃項(xiàng)目(2019B090922001)


Design and Test of Transport Vehicle for Hillside Orchards Based on Center of Gravity Regulation
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    摘要:

    為了進(jìn)一步提升山地果園運(yùn)輸機(jī)械的復(fù)雜地形適應(yīng)性,設(shè)計了一種基于重心自適應(yīng)調(diào)控的山地果園運(yùn)輸車。根據(jù)山地果園實(shí)際環(huán)境特點(diǎn),進(jìn)行運(yùn)輸車的總體設(shè)計并闡述基本工作原理;根據(jù)設(shè)計要求,分別開展履帶底盤、可移動載物臺以及控制系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計,并針對斜坡、斜坡臺階和斜坡壕溝3種路況制定整機(jī)重心控制策略;基于多體動力學(xué)分析軟件RecurDyn搭建運(yùn)輸車虛擬仿真樣機(jī),驗(yàn)證設(shè)計方案和控制策略的合理性和可行性;最后進(jìn)行樣機(jī)試制并進(jìn)行整機(jī)性能試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在坡面角10°,負(fù)載0、50、100、150kg的情況下,整機(jī)重心位置經(jīng)過調(diào)控后,運(yùn)輸車偏航45°時的直線行駛最大牽引力分別為1.89787、2.13948、2.32892、2.42524N,相比調(diào)控前分別增加了21.11%、20.65%、26.40%、26.93%;運(yùn)輸車下坡極限翻傾角分別為45°、43°、42°、40°,相比調(diào)控前分別增加了7.14%、13.16%、13.51%、14.29%;運(yùn)輸車橫向極限翻傾角分為40°、38°、35°、35°,相比調(diào)控前分別增加了8.11%、8.57%、12.90%、20.69%;運(yùn)輸車上坡極限越障高度分別為210、200、200、190mm,相比調(diào)控前分別增加了10.53%、25.00%、33.33%、46.15%;運(yùn)輸車的下坡極限跨壕寬度分別為450、480、510、520mm,相比調(diào)控前分別增加了7.14%、14.29%、21.43%、26.83%。結(jié)果表明:在不同負(fù)載條件下,本文提出的可移動載物臺以及整機(jī)重心控制策略能夠有效提升運(yùn)輸車的坡地行駛性能,在山地果園實(shí)際作業(yè)環(huán)境具有良好的地形適應(yīng)性。

    Abstract:

    To further improve the adaptability of hillside orchard transporters to complex terrain, a hillside orchard transport vehicle based on center of gravity regulation was designed. Firstly, the overall design of the vehicle and the basic working principle were described according to the actual environment characteristics of hillside orchards. Then, based on the design requirements, the crawler chassis, the movable loading platform, and the control system were designed. The control strategy of the machine's center of gravity was formulated for three cases of straight driving on slopes, crossing obstacles on slopes, and crossing trenches on slopes. Secondly, a virtual simulation of the vehicle was built based on the multi-body dynamics analysis software RecurDyn, the rationality and feasibility of the design scheme and control strategy were verified. Finally, the prototype was tested, and the performance test was conducted. The test results showed that under the slope angle of 10° and the load of 0kg, 50kg, 100kg, and 150kg, after the position of the center of gravity was adjusted, the maximum combined traction force of yawing 45° were 1897.87N, 2139.48N, 2328.92N and 2425.24N, which were increased by 21.11%, 20.65%, 26.40% and 26.93%, respectively, compared with the initial state. The maximum tilt angle of the transport vehicle downhill were 45°, 43°, 42° and 40°, which were increased by 7.14%, 13.16%, 13.51% and 14.29%, respectively, compared with the initial state. The maximum tilt angle of the transport vehicle cross slope were 40°, 38°, 35° and 35°, which were increased by 8.11%, 8.57%, 12.90% and 20.69%, respectively, compared with the initial state. The maximum heights of the transport vehicle over the obstacle uphill were 210mm, 200mm, 200mm and 190mm, which were increased by 10.53%, 25.00%, 33.33% and 46.15%, respectively, compared with the initial state. The maximum widths of the transport vehicle over the trench downhill were 450mm, 480mm,510mm and 520mm, which were increased by 7.14%, 14.29%, 21.43% and 26.83%, respectively, compared with the initial state. Under different load conditions, the movable loading platform and the machine's center of gravity control strategy proposed in this paper could effectively improve the slope driving performance of the transport vehicle and had good terrain adaptability in the actual operating environment of hillside orchards.

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韓振浩,朱立成,苑嚴(yán)偉,趙博,方憲法,王德成.基于重心自適應(yīng)調(diào)控的山地果園運(yùn)輸車設(shè)計與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2022,53(2):430-442. HAN Zhenhao, ZHU Licheng, YUAN Yanwei, ZHAO Bo, FANG Xianfa, WANG Decheng. Design and Test of Transport Vehicle for Hillside Orchards Based on Center of Gravity Regulation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(2):430-442.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2021-11-12
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