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基于有效落種空間的甘蔗橫向種植機(jī)開(kāi)溝器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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廣西重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(桂科AB18281016)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52165009)和廣西研究生教育創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(YCBZ2020035)


Design and Experiment of Furrow Opener for Transversal Sugarcane Planter Based on Effective Seeding Space
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)甘蔗橫向種植對(duì)落種質(zhì)量要求高的問(wèn)題,基于有效落種空間形成條件,設(shè)計(jì)了一種組合式甘蔗橫向種植開(kāi)溝器,主要由防漏犁、旋耕部件和開(kāi)溝犁構(gòu)成。通過(guò)分析落種運(yùn)動(dòng)與土壤運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,確定影響落種效果的因素以及各關(guān)鍵部件的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。以旋耕轉(zhuǎn)速、工作深度和前進(jìn)速度為試驗(yàn)因素,以有效落種深度、旋耕功耗和開(kāi)溝阻力為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)開(kāi)展田間正交試驗(yàn),探究作業(yè)參數(shù)對(duì)開(kāi)溝器性能的影響規(guī)律。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,工作深度對(duì)有效落種深度、旋耕功耗和開(kāi)溝阻力有極顯著影響;旋耕轉(zhuǎn)速對(duì)旋耕功耗有極顯著影響;前進(jìn)速度對(duì)旋耕功耗有顯著性影響。使用較優(yōu)作業(yè)參數(shù)組合進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證性試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果表明,在旋耕轉(zhuǎn)速為200r/min、工作深度為30cm和前進(jìn)速度為1.20m/s時(shí),有效落種深度為29.9cm,落種深度穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)為97.6%,覆土厚度為8.8cm,浮土厚度為3.4cm,旋耕功耗為34.0kW,單側(cè)開(kāi)溝阻力為14.1kN,開(kāi)溝器性能指標(biāo)滿足甘蔗橫向種植的落種要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the high requirements of seed quality for sugarcane transversal planting, a combined furrow opener for transversal planting of sugarcane was designed based on the formation conditions of effective seeding space. The furrow opener designed included leak-proof plough, rotary tillage unit and furrow plough. The influencing factors of seeding effect and structural parameters were confirmed via analysis of seeding and soil movement law. Rotary tillage speed, working depth, and forward speed were used as factors, and the effective seeding depth, energy consumption of rotary tillage, and furrowing resistance were employed as indexes. The influence rules of working parameters on the furrow opener performance were studied by a three-factor and three-level field orthogonal experimental design. Results showed that working depth significantly influenced the effective seeding depth, energy consumption of rotary tillage, and furrowing resistance. Moreover, rotary tillage speed significantly influenced the energy consumption of rotary tillage, whereas forward speed significantly affected the energy consumption of rotary tillage. Thus, the influence of the working depth and rotary tillage speed was extremely significant, but that of forward speed was generally significant. The better parameters were obtained with the rotary tillage speed of 200r/min, the working depth of 30cm, and the forward speed of 1.20m/s. The field verification experiment results with better parameters showed that the effective seeding depth was 29.9cm, the stability of seeding depth was 97.6%, the thickness of covering soil was 8.8cm, the thickness of regolith was 3.4cm, the energy consumption of rotary tillage was 34.0kW, and the unilateral furrowing resistance was 14.1kN. The indicators could meet the requirements of sugarcane transversal planting.

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李尚平,潘家楓,鐘家勤,黃宗曉,甘芳芳.基于有效落種空間的甘蔗橫向種植機(jī)開(kāi)溝器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(7):162-170. LI Shangping, PAN Jiafeng, ZHONG Jiaqin, HUANG Zongxiao, GAN Fangfang. Design and Experiment of Furrow Opener for Transversal Sugarcane Planter Based on Effective Seeding Space[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):162-170.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-07-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-10
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