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生物炭對設施連作土壤真菌群落結構與多樣性的影響
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內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)高等學??茖W研究項目(NJZY20053)


Effect of Biochar on Strcture and Diversity of Soil Fungal Community in Facility Continuous Cropping
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    摘要:

    為分析設施連作土壤中真菌群落結構對生物炭的響應,以緩解設施連作障礙及擴大生物炭在設施連作栽培中的應用,依托溫室盆栽試驗,以“德爾3號”嫁接黃瓜為試驗材料,分別取連作20、15、10、5、1、0年(對照)蔬菜土壤,通過添加一定量(20t/hm2)的生物炭處理后,研究生物炭調(diào)控對連作土壤中真菌群落結構及多樣性的影響。試驗結果表明:不同年限的連作土壤添加一定量生物炭處理后,增加了擔子菌門(Basidiomycota)及接合菌門(Zygomycota)在土壤中的比例,在一定程度上降低了土壤中壺菌門(Chytridiomycota)及其他未知菌門的比例,并且以連作15年蔬菜土壤(L15J)表現(xiàn)最為明顯;顯著提高土壤中真菌豐度,以連作15年蔬菜土壤(L15J)及種植1年蔬菜土壤(L1J)表現(xiàn)最為明顯;同時提高了連作20年(L20J)土壤中真菌的多樣性;各處理在200~400個OTUs時有大量真菌的新物種出現(xiàn),以連作20年(L20J)土壤的真菌物種種類最多。研究表明,不同連作年限土壤中施入一定量的生物炭,增加了有益真菌菌群在土壤中的比例,提高了土壤中真菌豐度及多樣性。

    Abstract:

    By analyzing the response of the fungal community structure in the facility continuous cropping soil to bio-charcoal, a theoretical foundation was laid for alleviating the obstacles of facility continuous cropping and the application of bio-charcoal in facility continuous cropping cultivation. The grafted cucumber “Der 3” was chosen for the test material based on the greenhouse pot experiment, and the vegetable soil of continuous cropping 20a, 15a, 10a, 5a, 1a and 0a (control) was taken respectively. After adding a certain amount of biochar (20t/hm2), the effects of biochar on fungal community structure and diversity in continuous cropping soils were studied. The results were as follows: the proportion of Basidiomycota and Zygomycota in the soil increased adding a certain amount of biochar to the continuous cropping soil of different years, the chytridiomycota (Chytridiomycota) and other unknown fungal phyla decreased at a certain extent, and it was most obvious in the treatment of 15 a continuous cropping vegetables (L15J). The performance was most obvious in the soil (L1J);at the same time, the diversity of fungi in soil of continuous cropping for 20 a (L20J) was improved. The similarity of the number of fungi in each treatment was relatively small, and the specificity of fungi in each treatment was relatively high. With the increase of planting years, the specificity of fungal flora in the soil was increased, and a large number of new species of fungi appeared at 200~400 OTUs, and the emergence rate of new species showed a downward trend at 1000 OTUs, the fungal species in the soil of continuous cropping 20a (L20J) were the most. Those results showed that applying a certain amount of biochar to the soil for different continuous cropping years increased the proportion of beneficial fungal flora in the soil, and improved the fungal richness and diversity in the soil, which may contribute for soil improvement.

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王雪玉,劉金泉,胡云,田勇,田鳳,李明.生物炭對設施連作土壤真菌群落結構與多樣性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(7):347-353. WANG Xueyu, LIU Jinquan, HU Yun, TIAN Yong, TIAN Feng, LI Ming. Effect of Biochar on Strcture and Diversity of Soil Fungal Community in Facility Continuous Cropping[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):347-353.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-10
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