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再生稻空間直取大偏移輪系寬窄行分插機構設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(51975534)、浙江省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2022C02048)、浙江省公益性技術應用研究計劃項目(LGN21E050001)和杭州市農業(yè)與社會發(fā)展一般項目(20201203B92)


Optimal Design and Experiment on Gear Train Wide and Narrow Row Transplanting Mechanism of Spatial Direct Extraction and Large Offset of Ratooning Rice
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    摘要:

    為了解決再生稻生產(chǎn)過程中,收獲機履帶碾壓頭季稻稻樁的問題,本文從機械栽植角度入手,在單位種植面積有效株數(shù)一定的條件下,通過合理增大栽植行距以增大履帶行走行距。提出一種可實現(xiàn)大偏移、直取秧和小側向穴口移栽軌跡的空間行星輪系分插機構。首先,結合栽植農藝規(guī)劃寬窄行移栽軌跡并確定其上若干關鍵位置與姿態(tài),建立了空間2R開鏈機構3精確位姿空間幾何約束設計方程,采用同倫算法進行求解;然后,基于求解參數(shù)擬合、優(yōu)化得到開鏈機構輸入軸與輸出軸相對角位移曲線,確定機構傳動比與非圓齒輪節(jié)曲線,復演得到滿足移栽要求的空間軌跡;最后,通過依附非圓齒輪副將開鏈機構兩轉軸運動耦合,設計得到一種由平面非圓齒輪與斜齒輪組合傳動的輪系式再生稻寬窄行分插機構,并進行虛擬仿真與樣機試驗,結果表明樣機實際運動軌跡姿態(tài)與理論設計基本一致;取苗至推苗橫向偏移量ΔS1為65.59mm、側向推苗角γ1為16.13°、側向穴口寬度ΔS3為23.69mm,滿足再生稻寬窄行移栽要求,驗證了輪系式寬窄行分插機構設計的可行性。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of the first season rice pile rolled by the track of the harvester in the production process of ratooning rice, a spatially planetary gear train planting mechanism with large deviation, direct harvesting and small lateral hole transplanting trajectory was proposed, starting from the perspective of mechanical planting with the condition of the effective number of strains per unit planting area and the crawler walking row distance by reasonably increasing the planting row spacing. Firstly, planning the wide and narrow rows trajectory and determining the key position posture by combining with planting agronomy, geometric equations for key 3 poses containing spatial constraints were established by constructing a simplified spatially open-chain 2R mechanism model. The parameters were solved by using homotopy algorithm. Then, the relative angular displacement relationship between the input and output axis of the open chain mechanism was obtained based on fitting and optimizing parameters. The mechanism drive ratio and the non-circular gears pitch curve were determined. The spatial trajectory that meets the transplanting requirements was recovered. Finally, a kind of wide and narrow rows transplanting mechanism of ratooning rice was designed by coupling the motion of the two rotating axes of the open chain mechanism with the non-circular gear pair, which was driven by the plane non-circular gear and helical gear. Virtual simulation and prototype test were carried out, and the results showed that the actual motion trajectory and attitude of the prototype were basically consistent with the theoretical design. The spatial track satisfying the characteristics of wide and narrow rows transplanting of regenerative rice with large offset from taking seeding to pushing seeding ΔS1 was 65.59mm, side push seedling angle γ1 was 16.13°and side hole width ΔS3 was 23.69mm, which verified the feasibility of gear train wide and narrow rows transplanting mechanism design.

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徐亞丹,諸楊華,薛向磊,王磊,孫良,俞高紅.再生稻空間直取大偏移輪系寬窄行分插機構設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(9):83-90. XU Yadan, ZHU Yanghua, XUE Xianglei, WANG Lei, SUN Liang, YU Gaohong. Optimal Design and Experiment on Gear Train Wide and Narrow Row Transplanting Mechanism of Spatial Direct Extraction and Large Offset of Ratooning Rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(9):83-90.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-04-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-09-10
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