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蔬菜移栽機曲柄搖桿-導(dǎo)軌組合式取投苗裝置研究
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0701300)


Study on Seedling Taking and Throwing Device Based on Combined Struture of Crank Rocker and Guide Rail for Vegetable Transplanter
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    摘要:

    為了實現(xiàn)蔬菜移栽機取投苗的穩(wěn)定性和高效性,針對夾缽取投苗方式,設(shè)計了一種全自動曲柄搖桿-導(dǎo)軌組合式取投苗裝置。取投苗裝置與送盤裝置、導(dǎo)苗裝置及分苗裝置配合完成自主送盤、取苗、投苗與分苗。用解析法對取投苗裝置中的擺桿-導(dǎo)軌及曲柄搖桿進行了結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)設(shè)計,用矢量方程法和ADAMS仿真對取投苗裝置的運動過程進行計算分析,并利用高速攝像機拍攝取投苗裝置的實際運動軌跡,與仿真結(jié)果進行對比,驗證了設(shè)計的正確性和可行性。以辣椒缽苗為試驗對象,選取取投苗速度、苗株高度及基質(zhì)含水率為試驗因素,以取苗成功率、傷苗率、投苗成功率及取栽成功率為評價指標(biāo)進行正交試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明:在給定因素水平下,整機單行取投苗速度90株/min、苗株高度110mm、基質(zhì)含水率50%時,取投苗效果最佳,取苗成功率為95.14%,傷苗率為1.39%,投苗成功率93.05%,取栽成功率91.67%。

    Abstract:

    In order to realize the stability and high efficiency of seedling taking and throwing of vegetable transplanter, a fully automatic seedling taking and throwing device based on a combined struture of crank rocker and guide rail was designed according to the seedling taking and throwing mode of bowl. The seedling taking and feeding device cooperated with the tray feeding device, seedling guiding device and seedling sorting device to complete the independent tray feeding, seedling taking, seedling throwing and seedling sorting. The structural parameters of rocker-rail and crank rocker in seedling feeding device were designed by analytic method, and the movement process of seedling feeding device was calculated and analyzed by vector equation method and ADAMS simulation, and the actual movement track of seedling feeding device taken by high-speed camera was compared with simulation result, which verified the correctness and feasibility of the design. Taking pepper bowl seedling as test object, seedling speed, plant height and matrix moisture content were selected as test factors, and orthogonal test was carried out with seedling success rate, seedling injury rate, seedling throwing success rate and success rate of planting as evaluation indexes. The results of the experiment showed that under the given factor level, when the single row of the whole machine seedling taking and throwing speed was 90 plants/min, the seedling height was 110mm and the matrix moisture content was 50%, the seedling picking and throwing effect was the best. The seedling taking success rate was 95.14%, the damage seedling rate was 1.39%, the seedling throwing success rate was 93.05% and the success rate of planting was 91.67%.

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袁挺,張宇,尹金亮,汪瀚,張志芹,譚豫之.蔬菜移栽機曲柄搖桿-導(dǎo)軌組合式取投苗裝置研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(12):116-125. YUAN Ting, ZHANG Yu, YIN Jinliang, WANG Han, ZHANG Zhiqin, TAN Yuzhi. Study on Seedling Taking and Throwing Device Based on Combined Struture of Crank Rocker and Guide Rail for Vegetable Transplanter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(12):116-125.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-01-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-03-18
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