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龍門式電驅(qū)動油菜薹收獲機(jī)設(shè)計與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD1600502)和財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-12)


Design and Experiment of Gantry Type Electric Drive Rapeseed Stalks Harvester
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    摘要:

    針對油菜薹機(jī)械化收獲裝備匱乏的問題,設(shè)計了一種龍門式電驅(qū)動油菜薹收獲機(jī),實(shí)現(xiàn)油菜薹切割、夾拋、輸送、收集、跨廂面遙控自走功能。闡述了收獲機(jī)整機(jī)設(shè)計方案,設(shè)計了立式回轉(zhuǎn)夾拋切割裝置,確定了分禾器、割刀和夾拋輥結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù);通過割臺夾拋過程力學(xué)與運(yùn)動學(xué)分析,明確了油菜薹切割、夾拋輸送作業(yè)影響因素,確定了割刀、夾拋輥結(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)動學(xué)要求;搭建油菜薹收獲試驗(yàn)臺,以切割效果、輸送效果為評價指標(biāo)開展單因素試驗(yàn)和正交試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明當(dāng)割刀轉(zhuǎn)速為234r/min、夾拋輥轉(zhuǎn)速為120r/min、喂入速度(機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度)為0.56m/s時綜合收獲效果最佳。田間收獲驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)表明,設(shè)計的收獲機(jī)作業(yè)效率可達(dá)到0.41hm2/h,綜合切割效果為95.6%,綜合輸送效果為95.2%,滿足油菜薹收獲要求。該研究可為油菜薹機(jī)械化收獲裝備的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計優(yōu)化提供參考。

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    In view of the shortage of mechanized harvesting equipment for rapeseed stalks, a gantry electric-driven rapeseed stalks harvester was designed to realize the functions of cutting, clipping, conveying, collecting rapeseed stalks, with remote control and self-propelled across the box. The design scheme of the whole harvester was expounded, and the vertical rotary clamping cutting device was designed with emphasis, and the structural parameters of the crop divider, the cutter and the clipping and throwing rollers were determined. Through the mechanical and kinematic analysis of the clamping and throwing process of the cutting table, the influencing factors of the cutting and clamping and throwing transportation of the rapeseed bolt were clarified, and the structural and kinematic requirements of the cutter and the clamping and throwing rollers were determined. The rapeseed stalks harvest test bench was set up, and the single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were carried out with the cutting effect and conveying effect as the evaluation indexes. The results showed that the comprehensive harvest effect was the best when the cutting knife speed was 234r/min, the clipping and throwing rollers speed was 120r/min, and the feeding speed (machine forward speed) was 0.56m/s. The field harvest verification test showed that the harvesting efficiency of the harvester could reach 0.41hm2/h, the comprehensive cutting effect was 95.6%, and the comprehensive conveying effect was 95.2%, which met the requirements of rapeseed stalks harvesting. The research result can provide reference for the structural design optimization of rapeseed stalks mechanized harvesting equipment.

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廖宜濤,李運(yùn)通,萬星宇,廖慶喜,單伊尹,蒙哲靖.龍門式電驅(qū)動油菜薹收獲機(jī)設(shè)計與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2022,53(12):147-159. LIAO Yitao, LI Yuntong, WAN Xingyu, LIAO Qingxi, SHAN Yiyin, MENG Zhejing. Design and Experiment of Gantry Type Electric Drive Rapeseed Stalks Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(12):147-159.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-08-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-10-25
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