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球形果蔬表面面積比例不變的投影展開算法研究
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國家自然科學基金面上項目(32272410)


Projection Expansion Algorithm for Constant Surface Area Ratio of Spherical Fruits and Vegetables
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    摘要:

    針對球形果蔬的視覺檢測過程中存在的表面圖像獲取遺漏或重復,造成面積識別不準、相關品質(zhì)特征檢測準確率低的問題,提出了一種保證圖像中球形果蔬表面各處面積比例與真實值一致的外表面投影展開算法。首先,在果蔬樣品滾動過程中獲取多組圖像,裁剪其中正對相機的窄列區(qū)域進行拼接展開,隨后,通過相機獲取圖像方式建立幾何關系,計算展開圖中每行像素的理論長度并進行尺寸縮放,得到各處面積比例符合真實值的樣品外表面投影圖像。利用標準球進行投影算法準確率驗證,應用田口試驗設計L16(34)正交試驗,以果杯速度、裁剪寬度、相機高度為主要影響因素衡量檢測的準確度,試驗結(jié)果表明三因素影響均顯著,確定最優(yōu)參數(shù)為果杯速度0.40m/s、裁剪寬度9像素、相機高度255mm,標準球的表面積投影準確率為95.47%。以最優(yōu)參數(shù)進行蘋果、臍橙和番茄3種球形果蔬的表面投影試驗,并探索不同樣品角度對投影準確率的影響,3種水果檢測準確率分別為84.0%、92.2%和87.6%,驗證了果蔬表面二維投影算法的可行性。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of omission or duplication of surface image acquisition in the detection of spherical fruits and vegetables, resulting in low accuracy of area identification, a method was proposed to ensure the true area ratio value of spherical fruits and vegetables. Firstly, multiple sets of images were acquired during the rolling process of samples, and the narrow column area facing the camera was cropped for splicing and unfolding. Then the geometric relationship was established by images, and the theoretical length of each row in the unfolded image was calculated. The projected image of the sample was obtained by scaling size with the area ratio of each area conforming to the real value. The standard sphere was used to verify the accuracy. Taguchi OA was used to design the L16(34) orthogonal test. The speed (A), cutting width (B) and height of camera (C) were the main influencing factors. The experimental results showed that the optimal parameters were as follows: A was 0.40m/s, B was 9pixels,C was 255mm, and the projection accuracy was 95.47%. Furthermore, projection experiments were carried out on three spherical fruit and vegetable samples of apple, orange and tomato, and the influence of different sampling angles on projection accuracy was discussed. The detection accuracy of apple, orange and tomato was 84.0%, 92.2% and 87.6%, respectively, which verified the feasibility of the twodimensional projection algorithm of fruit and vegetable surface.

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王偉,趙澤群,李雷,郭樹丹,魏超杰,焦艷娜.球形果蔬表面面積比例不變的投影展開算法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(12):273-280. WANG Wei, ZHAO Zequn, LI Lei, GUO Shudan, WEI Chaojie, JIAO Yanna. Projection Expansion Algorithm for Constant Surface Area Ratio of Spherical Fruits and Vegetables[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(12):273-280.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-09-15
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