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水氣互作對辣椒根系形態(tài)、產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響效應(yīng)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52079052)、河南省科技攻關(guān)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(212102110032)、山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(2019JZZY010710)和華北水利水電大學(xué)博士創(chuàng)新基金項(xiàng)目(201563)


Integrative Effects of Irrigation and Aeration on Root Morphology, Yield and Quality of Pepper
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    為揭示水氣互作對辣椒根系形態(tài)、產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響效應(yīng),設(shè)置地下水灌溉C(溶解氧質(zhì)量濃度5mg/L)作為對照,2個(gè)加氣量:A(溶解氧質(zhì)量濃度15mg/L)和O(溶解氧質(zhì)量濃度40mg/L),2個(gè)灌水量:W1和W2(0.8倍和1.0倍作物-蒸發(fā)皿系數(shù))開展隨機(jī)區(qū)組試驗(yàn),基于相關(guān)性分析和主成分分析對不同處理進(jìn)行綜合評價(jià)。結(jié)果表明,加氣灌溉對辣椒根系形態(tài)、產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)、株高和氮素利用效率均有明顯的促進(jìn)作用。處理AW1產(chǎn)量最高,為6.78t/hm2,較處理OW1和CW1產(chǎn)量分別增加39.04%和42.89%,較處理AW2產(chǎn)量增加30.80%(P<0.05)。與處理CW1相比,處理AW1的可溶性糖含量(BRIX)、可溶性蛋白含量和糖酸比(SAT)分別增加29.49%、75.24%和68.10%(P<0.05),處理AW1根干質(zhì)量、總根長、根體積和根表面積分別增加13.63%、11.09%、59.47%和6167%(P<0.05)。與處理CW2相比,AW2辣椒株高、氮素吸收量、產(chǎn)量和灌溉水利用效率分別增加17.88%、66.56%、26.28%和26.12%(P<0.05)。根系形態(tài)指標(biāo)(根干質(zhì)量、總根長、根體積和根表面積)與氮素吸收量、株高、產(chǎn)量、BRIX含量和可溶性蛋白含量均呈顯著正相關(guān),且處理AW1綜合得分最高。綜上,綜合考慮提質(zhì)、增產(chǎn)、節(jié)水3方面,確定加氣量15mg/L、灌水量0.8倍作物-蒸發(fā)皿系數(shù)為最佳水氣調(diào)控模式。

    Abstract:

    In order to unravel the relationship between the root morphology, yield and quality of pepper under different aeration amounts and irrigation amounts, with groundwater of 5mg/L dissolved oxygen concentration in water (C) as controls, and two aeration rates of dissolved oxygen concentration at 15mg/L(A) and dissolved oxygen concentration at 40mg/L (O), and two irrigation amounts of 0.8 times- of crop-pan coefficient (W1) and 1.0 times croppan coefficient (W2) were set up by randomized block experiments. And correlation analysis and principal component analysis were coupled and used to analyze the optimal irrigation mode. Results showed that aerated irrigation significantly promoted pepper root morphology, yield, quality, plant height and nitrogen use efficiency. The yield of treatment AW1 was the highest at 6.78t/hm2, the yield of treatment AW1 was increased by 39.04% and 42.89% compared with that of OW1 and CW1 treatments, and the yield of treatment AW1 was increased by 30.80% compared with that of AW2 treatment (P<0.05). Compared with CW1, the soluble sugar content (BRIX), soluble protein content and sugar-acid ratio (SAT) of AW1 were increased by 29.49%, 75.24% and 68.10%(P<0.05), respectively, and the root dry weight, total root length, root volume and root surface area of AW1 were increased by 13.63%, 11.09%, 59.47% and 61.67%(P<0.05), respectively. At the same time, compared with the CW2 treatment, the height, nitrogen uptake, yield and irrigation water use efficiency of AW2 pepper plants were increased by 17.88%, 66.56%, 26.28% and 26.12%(P<0.05), respectively. Root morphology index, including root dry weight, total root length, root volume and root surface area, was significantly positively correlated with nitrogen uptake, plant height, yield, BRIX content, and soluble proteins content, and the comprehensive score of AW1 treatment were ranked first. In summary, from the aspects of quality improvement, yield increase and water saving, the treatment at the aeration rate of 15mg/L and the irrigation rate of 0.8 times the crop-pan coefficient was the best irrigation mode.

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雷宏軍,金翠翠,潘紅衛(wèi),肖哲元,孫克平.水氣互作對辣椒根系形態(tài)、產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響效應(yīng)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(12):344-352. LEI Hongjun, JIN Cuicui, PAN Hongwei, XIAO Zheyuan, SUN Keping. Integrative Effects of Irrigation and Aeration on Root Morphology, Yield and Quality of Pepper[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(12):344-352.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-01-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-04-04
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