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基于離散元法的種子玉米剝皮過程籽粒損失分析與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(52175258)


Analysis and Experiment on Kernel Loss of Seed Corn during Peeling Based on DEM
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    摘要:

    種子玉米在剝皮過程中存在大量的籽粒破碎、脫落等損失問題,嚴重影響種子玉米的單產與經濟效益。因此,本研究采用理論分析、離散元仿真與正交試驗相結合的方法,探究種子玉米果穗與剝皮機構的互作機理,確定剝皮機構的最優(yōu)工作參數組合以優(yōu)化種子玉米剝皮過程。首先,對種子玉米果穗在剝皮機構中的受力及運動進行了理論分析,探究了在剝皮過程中剝皮機構-種子玉米的相互作用關系,并確定了影響剝皮性能的主要因素。其次,基于DEM建立種子玉米果穗-剝皮機構相互作用仿真模型,通過對玉米果穗籽粒損傷及脫落分析,確定了剝皮輥轉速、剝皮輥傾角和擺桿擺幅的較優(yōu)工作范圍。最后,根據Box-Behnken設計方法,設計了三因素三水平的正交試驗,通過方差分析和響應面分析,篩選出種子玉米剝皮機構的最佳工作參數組合:剝皮輥轉速為300r/min,剝皮輥傾角為10°,擺桿擺動幅度為5°,此時苞葉剝離率為94.13%,籽粒脫落率為1.564%,籽粒破碎率為1.292%。試驗獲得的剝皮裝置的最優(yōu)工作參數組合,明顯提高了種子玉米的剝皮效果。

    Abstract:

    Seed corn has much seed crushing and shedding losses during the peeling process, which seriously affects seed corn's yield and economic efficiency. Therefore, a combination of theoretical analysis, discrete element simulation, and orthogonal tests was used to investigate the interaction between the seed corn ears and the peeling mechanism. The optimal combination of peeling parameters was determined to optimize the peeling process of seed corn. Firstly, a theoretical analysis of the force and motion of the seed corn ear in the peeling mechanism was conducted to investigate the peeling mechanism-seed corn interaction during the peeling process and identify the main factors affecting the peeling performance. Secondly, a simulation model of seed corn ear-peeling mechanism interaction was established based on DEM. The better working range of peeling roller speed, peeling roller inclination angle, and pendulum swing were determined by analyzing the seed damage and shedding. Finally, according to the Box-Behnken design method, a three-factor, three-level orthogonal test was designed. The best combination of operating parameters for the seed corn peeling mechanism was screened by ANOVA and response surface analysis as follows: peeling roller speed of 300r/min, peeling roller inclination angle of 10°, and pendulum swing amplitude of 5°, at which the bract stripping rate was 94.13%, the grain falling rate was 1.564%, and the grain crushing rate was 1.292%. The optimal combination of operating parameters of the peeling mechanism obtained from the experiment significantly improved the peeling effect of seed corn. The research results can provide a reference for the optimal design of the seed corn peeling mechanism to enhance the peeling efficiency of seed corn and reduce the grain crushing rate and the grain falling rate during the peeling operation.

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劉磊,杜岳峰,栗曉宇,劉理漢,張延安,楊帆.基于離散元法的種子玉米剝皮過程籽粒損失分析與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(s2):28-38. LIU Lei, DU Yuefeng, LI Xiaoyu, LIU Lihan, ZHANG Yan'an, YANG Fan. Analysis and Experiment on Kernel Loss of Seed Corn during Peeling Based on DEM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(s2):28-38.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-08-20
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