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自走式養(yǎng)殖糞水注射施肥機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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河北省農(nóng)林科學(xué)院科技創(chuàng)新專項(xiàng)(2022KJCXZX-NJS-3)、河北省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系生豬創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目(HBCT2018110206)和河北省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(21327305D)


Design and Experiment of Self-propelled Fecal Water Injection Fertilizer Applicator
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    針對目前養(yǎng)殖場養(yǎng)殖糞水產(chǎn)量大、配套耕地面積小且分散,小型糞水注射施肥機(jī)缺乏及利用率低問題,設(shè)計(jì)了主要由底盤、罐體、吸排肥系統(tǒng)及開溝施肥注射器等部件組成、容量為6m3的自走式養(yǎng)殖糞水注射施肥機(jī)。闡述了施肥機(jī)整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理,對施肥機(jī)罐體結(jié)構(gòu)、吸排肥管路系統(tǒng)、控制監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、糞水均分器及取力器等關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算,對核心部件糞水均分器進(jìn)行了流場模擬分析與優(yōu)化改進(jìn),確定了糞水均分器結(jié)構(gòu)形式及各分水管出口開口角度。按照設(shè)計(jì)要求對施肥機(jī)進(jìn)行了試制,并以豬場養(yǎng)殖糞水為原料進(jìn)行了田間試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明:該機(jī)可實(shí)現(xiàn)糞水多通道多方位自動吸排、循環(huán)流動、注射斷流及防堵監(jiān)測報警等功能,施肥機(jī)行進(jìn)速度為4km/h時,注射深度為92.8mm,注射深度穩(wěn)定系數(shù)為94.6%,各行施肥量一致性變異系數(shù)為5.3%,各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)與設(shè)計(jì)值相符,且滿足農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to overcome the shortcomings of farms, such as high fecal water yield, small and scattered supporting arable land area, lack of small fecal water injection fertilization machine, low utilization rate of fecal water, a kind of equipment of self-propelled fecal water injection fertilizer applicator was developed. The capacity of the machine was 6m3, mainly composed of chassis, fertilizer tank, suction and discharge system and trenching fertilization syringe and other components. The complete machine structure and operational principle of the equipment were introduced. The research focused on the key components of the fertilizer applicator, such as tank structure, suction and discharge pipe system, control and monitoring system, fecal water divider and power extractor, which were designed and calculated. When the machine worked, it can realize the functions of fecal water multi-channel and multi-directional automatic suction and discharge, constant speed cruise, liquid circulating flow in the tank, furrow fertilization, injection cut-off and anti-blocking monitoring and alarm. According to the design requirements, the fertilizer applicator was trial produced, and the field experiment was carried out with pig farm manure as raw material. Experiment and test results showed that when the speed of the fertilizer applicator was 4km/h, the injection depth was 92.8mm, the stability coefficient of injection depth was 946%, and the consistency variation coefficient of fertilizer application was 5.3%. All indexes were consistent with the design value and met the agronomic requirements. The research result provided reference for the research and development of small self-propelled fecal water injection fertilization equipment.

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袁興茂,吳海巖,李霄鶴,焦海濤,胡棟,張俊杰.自走式養(yǎng)殖糞水注射施肥機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2022,53(s2):84-90. YUAN Xingmao, WU Haiyan, LI Xiaohe, JIAO Haitao, HU Dong, ZHANG Junjie. Design and Experiment of Self-propelled Fecal Water Injection Fertilizer Applicator[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(s2):84-90.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-08-10
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