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氣力集排式精量配混施肥裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31901408)和吉林省科技發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(20200201206JC)


Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Aggregate and Discharge Precision Fertilizer Mixing Device
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    為滿足玉米生長中后期的追肥需求,本文設(shè)計(jì)一種氣力集排式精量配混施肥裝置。電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)葉片旋轉(zhuǎn)進(jìn)行混肥,將肥料分配器內(nèi)部設(shè)計(jì)成錐形結(jié)構(gòu)。基于流體動(dòng)力學(xué)和離散元耦合法對(duì)分配器排肥口傾角、分配器上端波紋管的結(jié)構(gòu)和布置方式進(jìn)行研究;以排肥口傾角、輸送氣速和波紋管長度為試驗(yàn)因素,以各行排肥量變異系數(shù)為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),進(jìn)行三元二次回歸正交組合設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)排肥口傾角45°、輸送氣速35m/s、波紋管長度568mm時(shí),性能最優(yōu)?;旆势鬟M(jìn)口采用中心布置方式,葉片數(shù)量為8。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該機(jī)施肥量誤差小于2%,總施肥量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)為2%,施肥斷條率低于2%,滿足國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

    Abstract:

    In order to meet the requirement of top dressing in the middle and late period of maize growth, a kind of pneumatic gathering and discharging type corn precision fertilizer mixing device was designed. The variable mixing fertilizer scheme with pneumatic set and row was designed. The motor driven blade rotation was used to mix fertilizer, and the inside of the fertilizer distributor was designed as a cone structure. By means of computer fluid dynamics, discrete element coupling method and two factors and five levels orthogonal experiment, the dip angle of the fertilizer outlet and the structure and arrangement of the bellows at the upper end of the distributor were studied. With the coefficient of variation of fertilizer discharge in each row as the test index, and with the angle of fertilizer discharge outlet, conveying gas velocity, and bellows length as the experiment factors, a three-way quadratic regression orthogonal combination design experiment was conducted to obtain the optimal operation parameters of key components of the precision fertilizer mixing device, namely, the angle of fertilizer discharge outlet of 45°, conveying gas velocity of 35m/s, and bellows length of 568mm. The inlet layout of fertilizer mixer was as follows: central layout, and the number of blades was 8. In June 2019, the machine field inspection was done at the National Agricultural Machinery and Tools Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, the inspection results showed that the machine's fertilizer application error was 2%, the total fertilizer application stability coefficient was 2%, and the fertilization rate was less than 2%. The research result can provide useful reference for the design and development of pneumatic fertilizing machinery and tools.

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賈洪雷,譚賀文,溫翔宇,王剛,袁洪方,黃東巖.氣力集排式精量配混施肥裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(s2):109-119. JIA Honglei, TAN Hewen, WEN Xiangyu, WANG Gang, YUAN Hongfang, HUANG Dongyan. Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Aggregate and Discharge Precision Fertilizer Mixing Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(s2):109-119.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-08-10
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