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淡水魚頭尾及腹背自動定向方法
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廣東省重點領(lǐng)域研發(fā)計劃項目(2021B0202060001)和鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略專項省級項目(粵財農(nóng)[2022]92號)


Efficient Automatic Method for Head-tail and Ventral-dorsal Directional Transportation of Freshwater Fish
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    摘要:

    魚體頭尾及腹背自動定向是推進淡水魚全程機械化加工的重要前提。基于水平振動方法和視覺圖像識別技術(shù)設(shè)計自動頭尾和腹背定向裝置。通過對魚體在頭尾定向振動臺上的受力分析和運動狀態(tài)分析,闡明魚體轉(zhuǎn)動原理和頭尾前進原理,將魚體在振動臺上的運動狀態(tài)分為4種,基于此分析了魚體成功進行頭尾定向的條件。結(jié)合圖像識別技術(shù),創(chuàng)制導向機構(gòu)、視覺識別系統(tǒng)、剔除機構(gòu)、V形腹背定向執(zhí)行機構(gòu)、V形校正輸送機構(gòu),實現(xiàn)魚體自動腹背作業(yè)。以鯽魚、草魚、白鰱3種典型淡水魚為試驗對象,以魚體完成定向時間和成功率作為評價指標,探究了魚體種類、輸送帶類型、振動幅度、振動頻率對魚體頭尾定向效果的影響規(guī)律,并探究魚體種類對腹背定向效果的影響規(guī)律。試驗結(jié)果表明:魚體在振動臺上的頭尾前進運動狀態(tài)理論計算與試驗結(jié)果一致,證明本文理論計算可以有效指導實際頭尾定向作業(yè)。輸送帶為倒三角紋時,魚體才能完成頭尾定向作業(yè)。魚體頭尾定向效果隨振動幅度和頻率增大而提升,當振動幅度大于160mm時整機振動劇烈,因此最優(yōu)幅度為160mm;當頻率大于5Hz,定向效果變化不明顯,因此最優(yōu)頻率為5Hz。腹背定向效果由輸送帶輸送速度和機器視覺識別準確率決定,各類魚體腹背定向時間保持在15s、定向成功率在95%~97%范圍內(nèi)。研究結(jié)果可為魚體自動定向裝置工藝參數(shù)設(shè)計和選擇提供技術(shù)參考。

    Abstract:

    Automatic head-tail and ventral-dorsal directional transportation is an important prerequisite for promoting the mechanized processing of freshwater fish. Based on horizontal vibration method and visual image recognition technology, an automatic head-tail and ventral-dorsal directional transportation device was designed. The principle of fish body rotation and the principle of head and tail advance were expounded by analyzing the force and motion state of fish body on the shaking table. The motion states of the fish on the shaking table were divided into four types, and the conditions for the fish to achieve head-tail directional transportation were analyzed. Combined with the image recognition technology, the guide mechanism, visual recognition system, elimination mechanism, V-shaped ventral-dorsal directional transportation actuator and V-shaped correction conveying mechanism were created to realize the automatic ventral-dorsal directional transportation. Finally, three typical freshwater fishes, crucian carp, Grasscarp and silver carp, were selected as the test objects, and the orientation completion time and success rate were used as the evaluation indexes. The effects of fish species, conveyor belt type, vibration amplitude and vibration frequency on the head-tail directional transportation of fish were explored, and the effects of fish species on the ventral-dorsal directional transportation were also explored. The test results showed that the theoretical calculation of the forward motion state of fish on the shaking table was consistent with the experimental results, it was proved that the theoretical calculation can effectively guide the actual head end orientation process. When the conveyor belt was only inverted triangle, the fish can complete the head-tail directional transportation. The effect of head-tail directional transportation was increased with the increase of vibration amplitude and frequency. When the vibration amplitude was greater than 160mm, the whole machine vibrated violently, so the optimal amplitude should be 160mm. When the frequency was greater than 5Hz, the change of orientation effect was not obvious, so the optimal frequency should be 5Hz. The ventral-dorsal directional transportation effect was determined by the conveying speed of the conveyor belt and the accuracy of machine vision recognition. The ventral-dorsal directional transportation time of all kinds of fish was kept at 15s, and the orientation success rate was stable in the range of 95%~97%. The research results can provide technical reference for the design and selection of technological parameters of fish automatic orientation device.

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郭子淳,黃家懌,王水傳,俞舜廷,陳遠輝,張林泉.淡水魚頭尾及腹背自動定向方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2022,53(s2):141-151. GUO Zichun, HUANG Jiayi, WANG Shuichuan, YU Shunting, CHEN Yuanhui, ZHANG Linquan. Efficient Automatic Method for Head-tail and Ventral-dorsal Directional Transportation of Freshwater Fish[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(s2):141-151.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-08-10
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