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基于RAMSIS的拖拉機(jī)駕駛室人機(jī)工程布置設(shè)計(jì)與測試
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0700104)和拖拉機(jī)動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放項(xiàng)目(SKT2022002)


Design and Test of Ergonomic Layout for Tractor Cab Based on RAMSIS
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)目前拖拉機(jī)駕駛室設(shè)計(jì)中人機(jī)工程操縱性和舒適性存在的不足,根據(jù)GB/T 21935—2008標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)人體各個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)部位角度及長度的定義,結(jié)合GB/T 6235—2004對(duì)座椅標(biāo)志點(diǎn)位置的推薦,通過理論計(jì)算建立人體各關(guān)節(jié)的數(shù)學(xué)模型?;赗AMSIS軟件對(duì)人體操縱進(jìn)行仿真分析,提出針對(duì)GB/T 21935—2008標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中規(guī)定的人機(jī)操縱舒適區(qū)和可及區(qū)優(yōu)化后的范圍,構(gòu)建駕駛座椅兩側(cè)人體操作舒適區(qū)三維模型,結(jié)合RAMSIS軟件對(duì)現(xiàn)有的拖拉機(jī)駕駛室內(nèi)部操縱部件進(jìn)行了校核優(yōu)化。腳油門踏板面由最初與地板面夾角45°調(diào)整為35°,并將腳油門位置整體向外移25mm,制動(dòng)踏板面寬度減短40mm,同時(shí)將主變速桿距離地面265mm處結(jié)構(gòu)向外調(diào)整20mm,手制動(dòng)初始位置抬高45mm。對(duì)優(yōu)化后樣機(jī)內(nèi)各部件操縱力和行程進(jìn)行實(shí)際測量及場地試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了提出的人體操作舒適區(qū)三維模型的正確性。本研究為拖拉機(jī)駕駛室人機(jī)工程設(shè)計(jì)提供了一個(gè)操縱部件布置位置舒適區(qū)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,為后續(xù)拖拉機(jī)駕駛室設(shè)計(jì)提供參考,拓展了人機(jī)工程學(xué)在拖拉機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的應(yīng)用,并提高拖拉機(jī)駕駛的舒適性。

    Abstract:

    Due to the shortcomings of ergonomics and comfort in the design of tractor cabs, the mathematical model of each joint of the human body was established by theoretical calculation. The model was based on a definition of the angle and length of each joint of the human body in GB/T 21935—2008 standard, and the recommendation of GB/T 6235—2004 on the seat marking points position. Based on the simulation analysis of human manipulation based on RAMSIS software, a three-dimensional model of human manipulation comfort zone on both sides of the driver's seat was constructed based on the optimized range of human manipulation comfort zone and accessibility zone specified in GB/T 21935—2008 standard. Combined with RAMSIS software, the existing tractor cab internal control components were optimized. The included angle between the foot accelerator pedal surface and the floor surface was adjusted from 45°to 35°. The overall position of the foot accelerator was shifted outward by 25mm, and the width of the brake pedal surface was reduced by 40mm. At the same time, the structure at the 265mm distance from the ground of the main gear lever was adjusted outward by 20mm, and the initial position of the hand brake was raised by 45mm. Experiments were carried out on the optimized prototype, and the control force and stroke of each component were measured to verify the correctness of the proposed three-dimensional model of the human operation comfort zone. During the present study, a mathematical model of the comfort zone and the arrangement position of the control components was provided for the ergonomic design of the tractor cab. The research result could provide a reference for the tractor cab design. Also, it would expand the application of ergonomics in the field of tractor design and improve the driving comfort of tractors.

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任德良,徐書雷,王興偉,陳廷坤,郭暉.基于RAMSIS的拖拉機(jī)駕駛室人機(jī)工程布置設(shè)計(jì)與測試[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2022,53(s2):303-309. REN Deliang, XU Shulei, WANG Xingwei, CHEN Tingkun, GUO Hui. Design and Test of Ergonomic Layout for Tractor Cab Based on RAMSIS[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(s2):303-309.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-07-25
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