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半主動懸架山地拖拉機姿態(tài)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與仿真
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山東校地融合項目(2020XDRHXMPT35)、國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31971785)、中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)研究生教改項目(JG2019004、JG202026、QYJC202101、JG202102)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費專項資金項目(2022TC053)


Attitude Control Simulation of Mountain Tractor Based on Semi-active Suspension
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    摘要:

    為提高山地拖拉機在復(fù)雜農(nóng)田環(huán)境中的作業(yè)平穩(wěn)性,基于Matlab/Simulink仿真平臺,搭建了半主動懸架拖拉機七自由度時域仿真模型,包括四輪路面激勵模型、半主動懸架振動模型、半主動懸架拖拉機車體受力分析模型、車身姿態(tài)分析模型以及半主動懸架拖拉機時域仿真模型,以車身垂向位移、車身傾斜角和車身俯仰角作為拖拉機的姿態(tài)變化參數(shù)進行仿真試驗。通過構(gòu)建增量式比例積分微分(Proportion integration differentiation, PID)控制器和反向傳播(Back propagation, BP)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)PID控制器仿真模型實現(xiàn)對半主動懸架拖拉機車身姿態(tài)的自動控制,并分別對兩種控制器的控制性能進行測試與評價。利用車身垂直向加速度和車輪相對動載作為半主動懸架系統(tǒng)性能的評價指標,對兩種控制方式下的半主動懸架性能進行了評價。仿真結(jié)果表明:基于傳統(tǒng)增量式PID控制算法的半主動懸架拖拉機,其車身垂直位移均方根減少42.17%、側(cè)傾角均方根減少36.76%、俯仰角均方根減少57.85%,其車身垂向加速度為0.0177m/s2,4個車輪的動載荷均方根分別為0.0284、0.0346、0.0239、0.0304N?;贐P神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)PID控制算法的半主動懸架拖拉機,其車身垂直位移均方根減少74.54%、側(cè)傾角均方根減少74.66%、俯仰角均方根減少75.03%,其車身垂向加速度為7.5758×10-5m/s2,4個車輪的動載荷均方根值分別為0.0197、0.0235、0.0166、0.0198N。相比增量式PID控制的半主動懸架拖拉機,基于BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)PID控制的半主動懸架拖拉機,其車體平穩(wěn)性得到了較好的提高。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the operation stability of mountain tractors in complex farmland environment, based on the Matlab/Simulink simulation platform, a time-domain simulation model of a semi-active suspension tractor with D-level road roughness as the road excitation was established and which had seven degrees of freedom. The simulation time domain model included four-wheel road excitation model, semi-active suspension vibration model, semi-active suspension vibration model, semi-active suspension tractor time domain simulation model, the vertical displacement of body, body inclination angle and body pitch angle were used as the attitude change parameters of the tractor to carry out the simulation test. By constructing the incremental proportion integration differentiation,(PID)controller and the back propagation(BP)neural network PID controller simulation model, the automatic control of the body attitude of the semi-active suspension tractor was realized, and the control performances of the two controllers were respectively evaluated. Using the vertical acceleration of the body and the relative dynamic load of the wheels as the performance evaluation indexes of the semi-active suspension system, the performance of the semi-active suspension under the two control modes was evaluated. The simulation results showed that for the semi-active suspension tractor based on the traditional incremental PID control algorithm, the RMS value of the body vertical displacement was reduced by 42.17%, the root mean square value of the roll angle was reduced by 36.76%, and the root mean square value of the pitch angle was reduced by 57.85%. The vertical acceleration of the vehicle body was 0.0177m/s2, and the RMS values of dynamic load of the four wheels were 0.0284N, 0.0346N, 0.0239N, and 0.0304N, respectively. The semi-active suspension tractor based on the BP neural network PID control algorithm reduced the RMS value of the body vertical displacement by 74.54%, the root means square value of the roll angle by 74.66%, and the root mean square value of the pitch angle by 75.03%. The vertical acceleration of the body was 7.5758×10-5m/s2, and the RMS values of dynamic load of the four wheels were 0.0197N, 0.0235N, 0.0166N and 0.0198N, respectively. Compared with the semi-active suspension tractor controlled by incremental PID, the body stability of the semi-active suspension tractor based on BP neural PID control was better improved, which provided a theoretical basis for the design of the mountain tractor control system.

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劉國輝,郝稱意,李民贊,孫紅.半主動懸架山地拖拉機姿態(tài)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與仿真[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2022,53(s2):338-348. LIU Guohui, HAO Chenyi, LI Minzan, SUN Hong. Attitude Control Simulation of Mountain Tractor Based on Semi-active Suspension[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(s2):338-348.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-06-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-08-22
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