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雪茄煙葉可調(diào)式苗床起壟鋪膜機設計與試驗
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湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新行動項目(20180109)、中國煙草總公司重大專項(110202101059(XJ-08))和湖北省煙草公司科技項目(027Y2021-006)


Design and Experiment of Cigar Tobacco Adjustable Seed-plot Ridging and Film Spreading Machine
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    摘要:

    針對我國雪茄煙葉種植苗床整理階段工序繁瑣、農(nóng)藝要求高、工作量大、效率低且缺乏專用機具,現(xiàn)有其他作物的苗床整理機具主要適用沙壤土的作業(yè)環(huán)境且多采用被動起壟,在我國雪茄煙葉種植區(qū)域偏黏性土質(zhì)工況下起壟效果差的問題,結(jié)合雪茄煙葉根系生長特點與苗床農(nóng)藝要求,設計了雪茄煙葉可調(diào)式苗床起壟鋪膜機,可實現(xiàn)旋耕、深施肥、起壟、鋪膜和膜邊覆土的一體化作業(yè)。根據(jù)起壟成形原理及壟形要求,確定了旋耕集土作業(yè)參數(shù),對整形鎮(zhèn)壓輥進行了結(jié)構(gòu)設計及力學分析,闡述了苗床高度調(diào)節(jié)原理,匹配了機具前進速度、旋耕集土起壟裝置轉(zhuǎn)速與整形鎮(zhèn)壓輥轉(zhuǎn)速之間的速度關(guān)系,并結(jié)合地膜破損條件和膜邊覆土影響因素,分析確定了壓邊輪和覆土圓盤的結(jié)構(gòu)及工作參數(shù)。田間試驗表明,作業(yè)后壟體的平均壟高為277.4mm、壟基寬為701.8mm、壟距為1230.2mm、壟溝寬為514.4mm,壟高、壟基寬、壟距及壟溝寬的穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)均大于94%;兩種工況下的平均膜邊覆土寬度分別為71.7、75.6mm,穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)分別為88.87%、87.00%,各項試驗指標均滿足雪茄煙葉種植要求。

    Abstract:

    In view of the cumbersome procedures, high agronomic requirements, high workload, low efficiency and lack of special machines in the seed-plot preparation stage of cigar tobacco planting in China, the existing seed-plot preparation machines for other crops were mainly designed for sandy loam soil and mostly used passive ridging, which had poor ridging effect under clay soil conditions in the cigar tobacco growing areas of China. Combining the root growth characteristics of cigar tobacco with the agronomic requirements of the seed-plot, the cigar tobacco adjustable seed-plot ridging and film spreading machine was designed, which can realize the integrated operation of rotary tillage, deep fertilization, ridging, film spreading and film edge mulching. According to the principle of ridging forming and ridging shape requirements, the operating parameters of rotary tillage were determined, the structural design and mechanical analysis of the shaping roller were made, the principle of seed-plot height adjustment was explained, the speed relationship between the speed of the machine, rotary tillage device and shaping roller was matched, and the structure and operating parameters of the edge pressing wheel and the mulching disc were analyzed and determined by combining the conditions of film breakage and the factors affecting the film edge mulching. The field experiment showed that the average ridge height, bottom width, ridge distance and furrow width were 277.4mm, 701.8mm, 1230.2mm and 514.4mm,respectively, and the stability coefficients of ridge height, bottom width, ridge distance and furrow width were more than 94%;the average film edge mulching widths were 71.7mm and 75.6mm under two working conditions, and the stability coefficients were 88.87% and 87.00%. All the experimental indicators met the requirements of cigar tobacco growing.

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杜文斌,楊春雷,楊錦鵬,張青松,余君,廖慶喜.雪茄煙葉可調(diào)式苗床起壟鋪膜機設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(1):116-126,295. DU Wenbin, YANG Chunlei, YANG Jinpeng, ZHANG Qingsong, YU Jun, LIAO Qingxi. Design and Experiment of Cigar Tobacco Adjustable Seed-plot Ridging and Film Spreading Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(1):116-126,295.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-01-10
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