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基于動態(tài)剪枝神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的雜草檢測算法研究
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陜西省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021GY-022)和西安市科技計劃項目(2019216514GXRC001CG002-GXYD1.7)


Weed Detection Algorithm Based on Dynamic Pruning Neural Network
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    摘要:

    針對卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型巨大的參數(shù)量和計算量導(dǎo)致其實際應(yīng)用時難度較大的問題,提出了一種基于注意力機制與動態(tài)稀疏約束的模型壓縮方法。該算法首先借助SENet(Squeeze and excitation networks,SENet)模塊(可稱為SE模塊)評估出網(wǎng)絡(luò)中各個通道的重要性,并施加稀疏正則化;然后提出一種網(wǎng)絡(luò)稀疏度的自適應(yīng)懲罰權(quán)重設(shè)計方法,根據(jù)模型學(xué)習(xí)效果,動態(tài)調(diào)整權(quán)重,將其添加到最終的訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)上,實現(xiàn)模型動態(tài)壓縮。最后,通過實驗驗證所提出的模型壓縮方法,在經(jīng)典的多分類數(shù)據(jù)集CIFAR-10上進行實驗,證明了本文所提出的基于注意力機制與動態(tài)稀疏約束的模型壓縮方法可降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)的冗余度,使網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型參數(shù)量減少43.97%,計算量減少82.94%,而分類準(zhǔn)確率只比原始VGG16模型下降0.04個百分點。隨后又將提出的模型壓縮方法應(yīng)用到雜草檢測任務(wù)中,在甜菜與雜草數(shù)據(jù)集上進行實驗,實驗結(jié)果表明,剪枝模型相較于未剪枝模型的模型參數(shù)量減少41.26%,計算量減少45.77%,而平均檢測精度均值只減少0.91個百分點,證明了該方法在雜草檢測方面效果較好。

    Abstract:

    To address the problem that the convolutional neural network models are difficult to be applied in practice due to their vast number of parameters and computation, a model compression method based on attention mechanism and dynamic sparse constraint was proposed. Firstly, the importance of each channel in the network was evaluated with the help of the squeeze and excitation networks (SENet) module, and sparse regularization was applied; then an adaptive penalty weight design method for network sparsity was proposed. According to the learning effect of the model, the weight was dynamically adjusted and added to the final training target to realize the dynamic compression of the model. Finally, the proposed model compression method was verified by experiments on the classic multi-classification dataset CIFAR-10. It was proved that the proposed model compression method based on attention mechanism and dynamic sparse constraint can reduce the network redundancy, resulting in a 43.97% reduction in the amount of network model parameters and an 82.94% reduction in the amount of computation, while the classification accuracy was only 0.04 percentage points lower than that of the original VGG16 model. Then the proposed model compression method was applied to the weed detection task, and the experiment was carried out on the sugar beet and weed datasets. The experimental results showed that compared with the unpruned model, the pruned model reduced the model parameters by 41.26%, the calculation amount by 45.77%, and the average detection accuracy by only 0.91 percentage points, which proved that this method could also have a good effect on the weed detection task.

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亢潔,劉港,王勍,夏宇,郭國法,劉文波.基于動態(tài)剪枝神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的雜草檢測算法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2023,54(4):268-275. KANG Jie, LIU Gang, WANG Qing, XIA Yu, GUO Guofa, LIU Wenbo. Weed Detection Algorithm Based on Dynamic Pruning Neural Network[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(4):268-275.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-12-22
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