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基于改進(jìn)YOLO v4的肉鴿行為檢測模型研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(61871475)、廣東省基礎(chǔ)與應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究基金項目(2022B1515120059)、廣州市重點研發(fā)計劃項目(202103000033)、廣東省普通高校創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊項目(2021KCXTD019)、廣東省企業(yè)科技特派員項目(GDKTP2021004400)和廣州市增城區(qū)農(nóng)村科技特派員項目(2021B42121631)


Pigeon Behavior Detection Model Based on Improved YOLO v4
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    摘要:

    肉鴿行為表現(xiàn)與鴿舍環(huán)境舒適度和肉鴿健康狀況密切相關(guān)。為實現(xiàn)肉鴿行為精準(zhǔn)檢測、及時掌握肉鴿健康狀況,提出了基于改進(jìn)YOLO v4模型的肉鴿行為檢測方法。由于肉鴿社交等行為特征相似性程度高,為了在復(fù)雜環(huán)境下準(zhǔn)確識別肉鴿行為,本文采用自適應(yīng)空間特征融合(Adaptively spatial feature fusion,ASFF)模塊改進(jìn)YOLO v4模型,在特征金字塔網(wǎng)絡(luò)中增加ASFF模塊,根據(jù)特征權(quán)值自適應(yīng)融合多層特征,充分利用不同尺度特征信息,并且ASFF模塊能有效過濾空間沖突信息、抑制反向梯度不一致問題、改善特征比例不變性以及降低推理開銷?;诙鄷r段的肉鴿清潔和社交行為數(shù)據(jù)集,自制5類肉鴿行為圖像數(shù)據(jù)庫,采用OpenCV工具進(jìn)行模糊、亮度、水霧和噪聲等處理擴(kuò)充圖像數(shù)據(jù)集(共10320幅圖像),增加數(shù)據(jù)多樣性和模擬不同識別場景,提升模型泛化能力。本文按照比例8∶2劃分訓(xùn)練集和驗證集,訓(xùn)練總共迭代300個周期,對不同時段、角度、尺寸的肉鴿數(shù)據(jù)集進(jìn)行檢測。檢測結(jié)果表明,在閾值0.50和0.75時YOLO v4-ASFF檢測精度比YOLO v4的mAP50和mAP75提高14.73、14.97個百分點。對比Faster R-CNN、SSD、YOLO v3、YOLO v5和CenterNet模型驗證本文模型檢測性能,在測試集中mAP50分別提高13.98、14.00、18.63、14.16、10.87個百分點。視頻檢測速度為8.1f/s,在推理速度相當(dāng)情況下,本文改進(jìn)模型識別準(zhǔn)確率更高,復(fù)雜環(huán)境泛化能力更強(qiáng),且對相似度高的行為誤檢和漏檢情況更少,可為智能化肉鴿養(yǎng)殖和科學(xué)管理提供技術(shù)參考。

    Abstract:

    Pigeon whole behavior is closely related to the loft environmental comfort and pigeon whole health. For human observation and recording the pigeon whole behavior is time-consuming, sampling limited, subjective and other issues, to timely meet the pigeon whole precision detection and pigeon whole behavior and health, based on the YOLO v4 pigeon whole behavior detection method was proposed. In this method, CSPDarkNet53 was used as the Backbone network to extract feature maps covering shallow semantic information of pigeons, and then PANet was used to transfer the bottom features and stack features to the top. Aiming at the high similarity degree of pigeon social behavior features, in order to achieve accurate identification of pigeon behavior in complex environment. The adaptively spatial feature fusion (ASFF) module was adopted to improve the YOLO v4 model, and the ASFF module was added to the feature pyramid network, which can adaptively fuse multi-layer features according to the feature weights and make full use of the features information of different scales. Moreover, ASFF can effectively filter spatial conflict information and suppress reverse gradient inconsistency, improve feature proportion invariance and reduce inference overhead. Based on the cleaning and social behaviors of meat pigeons in multiple periods, a database of five kinds of meat pigeon behavior images was made. OpenCV tool was used to process blur, brightness, haze and noise to expand the image data set (totally 10320 images), increase data diversity and simulate different recognition scenes, and improve the generalization ability of the model. A 8∶2 ratio was used to divide the training and validation sets. The training iterated 300 epochs in total, and the detection was carried out through meat pigeon data sets of different time periods, angles and sizes. The detection results showed that the detection accuracy of improved YOLO v4-ASFF model was 14.73 percentage points and 14.97 percentage points higher than that of mAP50 and mAP75 of original YOLO v4 model at the threshold of 0.50 and 0.75. Compared with Faster R-CNN,SSD, YOLO v3, YOLO v5 and CenterNet model, mAP50 of the YOLO v4-ASFF was improved by 13.98 percentage points, 14.00 percentage points, 18.63 percentage points, 14.16 percentage points and 10.87 percentage points in test set, respectively. The video detection speed was 8.1f/s, and the improved model had higher recognition accuracy under the condition of the same inference speed, strong generalization ability in complex environment, and less misdetection and omission of behaviors with high similarity. The research on meat pigeon behavior detection can provide technical reference for intelligent meat pigeon breeding and scientific management.

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郭建軍,何國煌,徐龍琴,劉同來,馮大春,劉雙印.基于改進(jìn)YOLO v4的肉鴿行為檢測模型研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(4):347-355. GUO Jianjun, HE Guohuang, XU Longqin, LIU Tonglai, FENG Dachun, LIU Shuangyin. Pigeon Behavior Detection Model Based on Improved YOLO v4[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(4):347-355.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2022-08-28
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