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四輪轉(zhuǎn)向噴桿噴霧機(jī)平移換行導(dǎo)航控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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嶺南現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室科研項(xiàng)目(NT2021009)、廣東省鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略專項(xiàng)(2020KJ261)、廣東省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021B1212040009)和吉安市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(20211-055316)


Design and Experiment of Translation and Line Feed Navigation Control System for Four Wheel Steering Sprayer
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)噴桿噴霧機(jī)在轉(zhuǎn)彎、換行過程中調(diào)頭空間有限、轉(zhuǎn)向半徑大、易碾壓作物等問題,提出了一種可利用車輛平行移動(dòng)來實(shí)現(xiàn)換行作業(yè)的控制方法。基于平移換行方式設(shè)計(jì)了四輪轉(zhuǎn)向噴桿噴霧機(jī)的導(dǎo)航控制系統(tǒng),該控制系統(tǒng)采用RTK(Real time kinematic)定位模塊和姿態(tài)傳感器進(jìn)行組合導(dǎo)航,以噴霧機(jī)位置信息和姿態(tài)信息作為輸入,在四輪轉(zhuǎn)向運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)解算實(shí)現(xiàn)了噴桿噴霧機(jī)非轉(zhuǎn)彎調(diào)頭換行的自動(dòng)導(dǎo)航跟蹤控制,根據(jù)噴霧作業(yè)要求設(shè)計(jì)了基于有限狀態(tài)機(jī)的自動(dòng)作業(yè)策略。開展了傳統(tǒng)PID(Proportion integration differentiation)控制器與單神經(jīng)元PID控制器的實(shí)地對(duì)比測(cè)試。在常規(guī)方形硬質(zhì)平整地塊試驗(yàn)時(shí),搭載常規(guī)PID控制器的噴霧機(jī)在平移換行過程中的最大跟蹤偏差、平均絕對(duì)偏差為7.63、4.27cm,而搭載單神經(jīng)元PID控制器的噴霧機(jī)在平移換行過程中的的最大跟蹤偏差、平均絕對(duì)偏差為6.48、3.24cm。在常規(guī)方形田間地塊試驗(yàn)時(shí),搭載常規(guī)PID控制器的噴霧機(jī)在平移換行過程中的最大跟蹤偏差、平均絕對(duì)偏差為11.01、6.66cm,而搭載單神經(jīng)元PID控制器的噴霧機(jī)在平移換行過程中的最大跟蹤偏差、平均絕對(duì)偏差為8.60、4.47cm。試驗(yàn)表明,單神經(jīng)元PID控制器與傳統(tǒng)控制器相比,具有較好的控制精度與適應(yīng)性,解決了傳統(tǒng)換行方式轉(zhuǎn)向半徑大而需要較大的轉(zhuǎn)向空間的問題,為寬幅噴桿噴霧機(jī)的地頭轉(zhuǎn)向和換行提供解決方案。

    Abstract:

    Automatic navigation control of agricultural machinery is the basis of precision agriculture. Realizing automatic navigation operation of agricultural machinery can reduce labor intensity of agricultural machinery operators and improve work efficiency, which has been widely used in various links of agricultural production. Aiming at the problems of the traditional sprayer in the process of turning and wrapping, such as limited turning space, large turning radius and easy rolling of crops, a control method was proposed to realize the wrapping operation by using parallel vehicle movement. A navigation control system for four-wheel steering sprayer was designed based on translation and line feed mode. The control system adopted the positioning module of real time kinematic (RTK) and attitude sensor for integrated navigation. The position information and attitude information of sprayer were taken as input. The automatic navigation and tracking control of non-turn turn line feed of the sprayer was realized by combining the kinematic solution. The automatic operation strategy based on finite state machine was designed according to the requirements of spraying operation. A field comparison test between traditional proportion integration differentiation (PID) controller and single-neuron PID was carried out. In the conventional square hard flat block, the maximum tracking deviation and average absolute deviation of the springer equipped with conventional PID controller in the translation and line wrapping process were 7.63cm and 4.27cm. The maximum tracking deviation and average absolute deviation of the sprayer equipped with single-neuron PID controller in the translation and line feeding process were 6.48cm and 3.24cm. In the conventional square field test plots, the maximum tracking deviation and average absolute deviation of the sprayer equipped with conventional PID controller in the translation and line wrapping process were 11.01cm and 6.66cm. The maximum tracking deviation and average absolute deviation of the sprayer equipped with single-neuron PID controller in the translation and wrapping process were 8.60cm and 4.47cm. The experimental results showed that compared with the traditional controller, the single-neuron PID controller had better control accuracy and adaptability. It solved the problems of inflexible and low land utilization rate due to the large turning radius and large turning space of the traditional line feed mode, and provided a solution for the ground turning and line feed of the wide-width sprayer and provided a reference for the automatic navigation technology of the sprayer.

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周志艷,余鑫,梁樂彬,向穎,陳羽立,羅錫文.四輪轉(zhuǎn)向噴桿噴霧機(jī)平移換行導(dǎo)航控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(7):68-78,143. ZHOU Zhiyan, YU Xin, LIANG Lebin, XIANG Ying, CHEN Yuli, LUO Xiwen. Design and Experiment of Translation and Line Feed Navigation Control System for Four Wheel Steering Sprayer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(7):68-78,143.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-01-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-07-10
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