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驅(qū)動圓盤犁與雙刃型旋耕刀組合式耕整機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000405)、財政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-12)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(32001427)


Design and Experiment of Driven Disc Plow and Double-edged Rotary Tillage Combined Tiller
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    摘要:

    針對傳統(tǒng)旋耕式耕整機(jī)在稻-油或稻-稻-油水旱輪作的油菜種植模式下進(jìn)行耕整地作業(yè)易存在整機(jī)通過性、適應(yīng)性差,旋耕裝置作業(yè)碎土率低、刀輥易纏草、秸稈埋覆性能差等問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種驅(qū)動圓盤犁與雙刃型旋耕刀組合式耕整機(jī)。提出先主動犁耕后雙刃旋耕、兩側(cè)開畦溝的工作方式,分析確定了驅(qū)動圓盤犁組主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)以及驅(qū)動圓盤犁組-開畦溝前犁布局方式;分析確定了一種應(yīng)用于驅(qū)動圓盤犁與雙刃型旋耕刀組合式耕整機(jī)的雙刃型旋耕裝置關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。依據(jù)滑切原理確定了具有長刃部和短刃部的雙刃型旋耕刀片關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù);根據(jù)驅(qū)動圓盤犁組結(jié)構(gòu)布局確定了雙刃型旋耕裝置為雙頭螺旋線排列方式。利用離散元仿真方法分析了整機(jī)的秸稈埋覆性能以及對土壤耕層交換的影響,結(jié)果表明整機(jī)作業(yè)平均秸稈埋覆率為94.69%,且整機(jī)作業(yè)后土壤耕層混合均勻。在秸稈留茬量不同的兩種工況下進(jìn)行田間性能試驗(yàn),田間性能試驗(yàn)表明,驅(qū)動圓盤犁與雙刃型旋耕刀組合式耕整機(jī)作業(yè)后平均秸稈埋覆率為96.45%,平均碎土率為95.30%,犁組不堵塞,刀輥不易纏草,機(jī)組通過性好;田間播種試驗(yàn)表明,整機(jī)播種后油菜出苗均勻,整機(jī)作業(yè)各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均滿足稻茬地油菜直播種床整備要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of poor passability and adaptability, low tillage rate, grass entanglement of the knife roller, and poor straw burying performance in the traditional rotary tiller when tillage operations in the planting pattern of rapeseed under rice-rapeseed or rice-rice-rapeseed rotation planting, a driven disc plow and double-edged rotary tillage combined tiller was developed. A working method of active plow followed by double-edged rotary tillage and ditching on both sides was proposed. The main structural parameters of driven disc plow and the layout of driven disc plow-ditch device were determined. A double-edged rotary tillage device for driven disc plow and double-edged rotary tillage combined tiller was designed. The key structural parameters of double-edged rotary blade with long blade and short blade were determined according to sliding cutting principle. The arrangement of the double-edged rotary tillage blades were determined according to the structure layout of the driven disc plow group. The DEM simulation method was used to analyze the straw burial performance and soil exchange performance of the driven disc plow and double-edged rotary tillage combined tiller. The experiment showed that the average straw burial rate of the whole machine operation was 94.69% and the soil layer was evenly mixed after the whole machine worked. The field experiment showed that under the two conditions of high and low straw stubble, the average straw burial rate was 96.45% and the average soil crushing rate was 95.30% after the operation of the driven disc plow and double-edged rotary tillage combined tiller with double-edged rotary tillage device and knife roller did not twine grass. The field sowing test showed that the rapeseed emergence was uniform, and the indexes met the requirements of rapeseed direct seeding bed preparation in rice stubble field.

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廖慶喜,謝昊明,張青松,張季欽,敖倩,王磊.驅(qū)動圓盤犁與雙刃型旋耕刀組合式耕整機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2023,54(7):99-110,195. LIAO Qingxi, XIE Haoming, ZHANG Qingsong, ZHANG Jiqin, AO Qian, WANG Lei. Design and Experiment of Driven Disc Plow and Double-edged Rotary Tillage Combined Tiller[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(7):99-110,195.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-07-10
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