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傘形風(fēng)場(chǎng)式防飄噴霧裝置沉積特性研究
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河北省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系蘋(píng)果創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(HBCT2018100205)和財(cái)政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國(guó)家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)項(xiàng)目(CARS-27)


Deposition Characteristics of Umbrella Wind Field Type Anti-drift Spray Device
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    摘要:

    為提高風(fēng)送式噴霧機(jī)對(duì)果樹(shù)冠層區(qū)域的霧滴沉積量,減少果樹(shù)行間霧滴飄移,解決環(huán)境風(fēng)速氣流導(dǎo)致冠層霧滴沉積量不均勻問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種傘形風(fēng)場(chǎng)式防飄噴霧裝置,采用仿真試驗(yàn)與物理試驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方式探究防飄噴霧裝置調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)防飄噴霧裝置傘形風(fēng)場(chǎng)的影響。以防飄噴霧裝置出口直徑、側(cè)風(fēng)風(fēng)速、噴霧壓力為因素,分別進(jìn)行單因素和三因素三水平的蘋(píng)果樹(shù)冠層霧滴飄移沉積試驗(yàn),探析傘形風(fēng)場(chǎng)對(duì)霧滴冠層沉積效果的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明:霧滴飄移率、質(zhì)量中心距、霧滴沉積分布變異系數(shù)較普通氣流分別降低27.5%、16.2%和7%。3種因素對(duì)霧滴沉積特性均有較為顯著的影響,其影響由大到小依次為:側(cè)風(fēng)風(fēng)速、噴霧壓力、出口直徑。利用多島遺傳算法優(yōu)化獲得沉積量最高的施藥參數(shù),當(dāng)側(cè)風(fēng)風(fēng)速為2m/s、噴霧壓力為0.4MPa、出口直徑為70mm時(shí),霧滴沉積量最優(yōu)值為6.34μL/cm2,最優(yōu)組合情況下的實(shí)際驗(yàn)證值為5.96μL/cm2,差異率僅為5.9%,試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證結(jié)果與模型預(yù)測(cè)基本吻合。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the wind sprayer on the fruit tree canopy area droplet deposition, reduce the fruit tree rows of droplet drift, solve the environmental wind speed airflow caused by the nonuniform canopy droplet deposition, a kind of umbrella wind field anti-drift spraying device was designed, anti-drift spraying device regulating mechanism on the anti-drift spraying device umbrella wind field by using a combination of simulation tests and physical tests was used to explore the impact of wind field. With the anti-drift spray device outlet diameter, side wind speed, spray pressure as factors, respectively, single-factor and three-factor three levels of apple canopy droplet drift deposition test was done to analyze the influence of umbrella wind field on the effect of droplet canopy deposition law. The results showed that the droplet drift rate, center-of-mass distance, and coefficient of variation of droplet deposition distribution were reduced by 27.5%, 16.2%, and 7%, respectively, compared with that of the normal airflow. The three factors have more significant effects on the droplet deposition characteristics, and their influences in descending order were side wind speed, spray pressure, and outlet diameter. The multi-island genetic algorithm was used to optimize the application parameters with the highest deposition, and the results showed that the optimal value of droplet deposition was 6.34μL/cm2 when the side wind speed was 2m/s, the spray pressure was 0.4MPa, and the outlet diameter was 70mm, and the actual validation value with the optimal combination of the factors was 5.96μL/cm2, with a discrepancy rate of 5.9%, and the experimental validation results were basically in agreement with the model prediction. The experimental validation results were basically consistent with the model prediction.

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李建平,李紹波,于少猛,王鵬飛,楊欣,劉洪杰.傘形風(fēng)場(chǎng)式防飄噴霧裝置沉積特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(10):80-91. LI Jianping, LI Shaobo, YU Shaomeng, WANG Pengfei, YANG Xin, LIU Hongjie. Deposition Characteristics of Umbrella Wind Field Type Anti-drift Spray Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(10):80-91.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-07-20
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