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基于CFD的牧草種子收獲機沉降箱體改進設(shè)計與試驗
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內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)科技重大專項(2020ZD0001)


Improvement Design and Experiment of Settlement Box of Forage Grass Seed Harvester Based on CFD
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    摘要:

    現(xiàn)有牧草種子收獲機在收獲牧草種子時,其收獲總損失率與破碎率較高,雜質(zhì)清選效果差,沉降不充分。為了解決上述問題,在現(xiàn)有沉降箱的基礎(chǔ)上進行理論及結(jié)構(gòu)分析,結(jié)合具體需求及整機結(jié)構(gòu)外形來改進沉降箱清選結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計了一種圓弧減速擋板,減小了種子受到的沖擊力,調(diào)整了擋板的大小以及位置,使得更多的種子經(jīng)過沉降進行清選,提升牧草種子收獲的質(zhì)量合格率。通過計算流體動力學(xué)仿真對沉降分離裝置的內(nèi)部流場進行了仿真模擬,選擇雷諾應(yīng)力模型和DPM模型分別對氣相和固相進行模擬得到氣流場分布圖和顆粒場的運動軌跡圖。結(jié)果表明設(shè)計的圓弧減速擋板對比折線降速擋板的結(jié)構(gòu)提升了種子沉降率,并減小了種子破碎率,并且在入口風(fēng)速提高時,提高了箱底種子捕獲率。通過牧草種子收獲機收割苜蓿實地試驗,分別對比了無擋板以及折線減速擋板的收獲合格率。結(jié)果表明,采用圓弧減速擋板的沉降箱收獲種子時沉降損失率為0.19%,破碎率為0.9%,均達(dá)到相關(guān)行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),證明了該裝置的有效性。

    Abstract:

    When harvesting forage seeds, the current harvester has high total loss rate and crushing rate, poor cleaning effect of impurities and insufficient settlement. In order to solve the above problems, theoretical and structural analysis on the basis of the existing settling box were carried out, the cleaning structure of the settling box in combination with specific requirements and the overall structure shape was improved, a circular arc decelerating baffle was designed, the impact force on the seeds was reduced, the size and position of the baffle were adjusted, and more seeds were made clean by settling. The qualified rate of forage seed harvest quality was improved. By means of computational fluid dynamics simulation, the internal flow field of the settlement separation unit was simulated. Reynolds stress model and DPM model were selected to simulate the gas phase and solid phase respectively to obtain the airflow field distribution diagram and the particle field motion trajectory diagram. The results showed that the circular arc deceleration baffle designed compared with the structure of the broken line deceleration baffle increased the seed settlement rate, reduced the seed crushing rate, and increased the bottom capture rate when the inlet wind speed was increased. Field experiments were carried out to harvest alfalfa by forage seed harvester, and the harvest qualification rates of baffle free and broken line reducer were compared. The results showed that the sedimentation loss rate was 0.19% and the crushing rate was 0.9%, both of which met the national standard and proved the effectiveness of the device.

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蘭凌霄,李鳳鳴,王強,劉貴林,李偉,劉偉.基于CFD的牧草種子收獲機沉降箱體改進設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2023,54(s2):150-155,172. LAN Lingxiao, LI Fengming, WANG Qiang, LIU Guilin, LI Wei, LIU Wei. Improvement Design and Experiment of Settlement Box of Forage Grass Seed Harvester Based on CFD[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):150-155,172.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-24
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