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卷輥式耕層殘膜回收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52105278)、新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)天山青年計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020Q015)和新疆農(nóng)機(jī)研發(fā)制造推廣應(yīng)用一體化項(xiàng)目(YTHSD2022-10)


Design and Test of Roll-type Tillage Layer Residual Film Recovery Machine
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    摘要:

    針對耕層殘膜老化嚴(yán)重、力學(xué)性能差,殘膜與土壤混合造成耕層殘膜回收拾凈率低、含土量高等問題,提出了一種旋耕起拋膜土混合物、彈齒順向旋轉(zhuǎn)撿膜、逆向旋轉(zhuǎn)卸膜的主動回收方法。設(shè)計(jì)了卷輥式耕層殘膜回收機(jī)的整體方案,實(shí)現(xiàn)了起膜、卷輥正轉(zhuǎn)撿膜、反轉(zhuǎn)卸膜、集膜的功能。對起膜裝置、撿膜裝置、正反轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)及卸膜裝置等關(guān)鍵作業(yè)部件進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)與參數(shù)計(jì)算,獲得在彈齒機(jī)械力作用下,將混合物內(nèi)的殘膜有效鉤、挑分離出來的臨界條件。運(yùn)用ANSYS和SPH(Smoothed particle hydrodynamics)耦合方法,構(gòu)建彈齒撿拾殘膜過程的數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算模型,獲得撿膜過程中殘膜所受的最大應(yīng)力及變形,分析了彈齒撿拾殘膜的有效性。樣機(jī)驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)表明,當(dāng)起膜刀轉(zhuǎn)速為213.75r/min、撿拾滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速為43.75r/min、卷輥正轉(zhuǎn)撿膜轉(zhuǎn)速為131.27r/min、卷輥反轉(zhuǎn)卸膜轉(zhuǎn)速為167.86r/min、卸膜輪轉(zhuǎn)速為43r/min時(shí),卷輥式耕層殘膜回收機(jī)表層拾凈率為82.6%,深層拾凈率為71.1%,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果符合國家與行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求,能夠從膜土混合物中有效回收耕層殘膜。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of serious differentiation of residual film in the tillage layer, poor mechanical properties, low pick-up rate of deep residual film, and high soil content caused by the mixing of residual film and soil, an active recovery method of rotary tillage and throwing soil mixture, picking up spring tooth to forward rotate and pick up the film, and reversely rotate and unload film was proposed. The overall solution of the roll-type tillage layer residual film recovery machine was designed, and its structural composition and working principle were expounded. Design and parameter calculation of key operating components such as film picking device, film picking device, forward and reverse mechanism and film unloading device were carried out to obtain the critical conditions for the effective hook and picking out of the residual film in the mixture under the mechanical force of the spring-tooth. By using the coupling method of ANSYS and SPH (Smoothed particle hydrodynamics), the numerical simulation model of the spring tooth picking up the residual film process was constructed, and the maximum stress and deformation of the residual film in the process of picking up the residual film were obtained. The effectiveness of picking up the residual film with the spring-tooth hook was analyzed. The verification test of the prototype showed that when the rotation speed of the taking-film was 213.75r/min, the rotation speed of the picking drum was 43.75r/min, the rotation speed of the roll forward rotation was 131.27r/min, the rotation speed of the roll reverse unloading film was 167.86r/min, and the rotation speed of the unloading film wheel was 43r/min. The surface pick-up rate of the roll-type topsoil residual film recycling machine was 826%, and the deep pick-up rate was 71.1%. The test results met the design requirements and realized the mechanized recovery of topsoil residual film from the film-soil mixture. It provided a method and theoretical basis for the research of tillage layer residual film recovery mechanism.

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史增錄,張學(xué)軍,劉小鵬,郭磊,張朝書,劉蕾.卷輥式耕層殘膜回收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(2):128-137. SHI Zenglu, ZHANG Xuejun, LIU Xiaopeng, GUO Lei, ZHANG Chaoshu, LIU Lei. Design and Test of Roll-type Tillage Layer Residual Film Recovery Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(2):128-137.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-02-10
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