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氣力輔助充種式花生精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2022YFD2300101)、山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃(科技示范工程)項(xiàng)目(2022SFGC0203)、山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃(重大科技創(chuàng)新工程)項(xiàng)目(2021CXGC010813)、山東省農(nóng)機(jī)研發(fā)制造推廣應(yīng)用一體化試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(NJYTHSD-202314)和煙臺(tái)市重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(2023ZDCX029)


Design and Experiment of Precision Seed Metering Device with Pneumatic Assisted Seed-filling for Peanut
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)花生播種向精準(zhǔn)、高速方向發(fā)展過程中高速作業(yè)狀態(tài)下花生種子充種效果差的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種氣力輔助充種式花生精量排種器,重點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)了排種器排種盤結(jié)構(gòu)和氣力輔助充種結(jié)構(gòu)。針對(duì)顆粒尺寸大、質(zhì)量大的花生種子,通過對(duì)花生種子在排種器中堆積現(xiàn)象與充種時(shí)間進(jìn)行分析,得出花生高速排種充種過程需增強(qiáng)充種性能,從而提高充種效率。通過對(duì)花生種子進(jìn)行充種原理分析,闡明花生種子充種過程中種子與排種器的運(yùn)動(dòng)關(guān)系與受力關(guān)系,分析充種過程影響因素。通過設(shè)計(jì)帶有導(dǎo)種槽的排種盤和帶有輔助吹種型孔的輔助充種結(jié)構(gòu),分析計(jì)算排種盤吸種孔、導(dǎo)種槽的關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)以及輔助吹種型孔參數(shù)與排列方式。以充種合格率和充種漏充率為指標(biāo),進(jìn)行三因素三水平組合試驗(yàn),對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行多元回歸分析,以最優(yōu)目標(biāo)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,確定排種盤最佳參數(shù)組合為排種器吸種負(fù)壓5.156kPa、花生高速播種機(jī)前進(jìn)速度8.007km/h、擾動(dòng)吹種正壓1.149kPa,此時(shí),花生充種合格率為95.84%、漏充率為4.06%,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)花生種子有效充種。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem that peanut seed filling effect is poor under the condition of high speed operation in the process of peanut planting to precision and high speed, a kind of pneumatic assisted seed-filling precision seed metering device was designed, specially, the structures of planter plate and pneumatic assisted seed-filling device were mainly designed. For peanut seeds with large particle size and mass, by analyzing the phenomenon of peanut seed accumulation in the seed metering device and the filling time, it was concluded that the peanut high-speed seed discharging and filling process needed to enhance the filling performance, so as to improve the filling efficiency. Through analyzing the principle of peanut seed filling, the relationship between the movement and force of seeds and seed metering device in the seed filling process of peanut seeds was clarified, and the influencing factors of the seedfilling process were analyzed. The key structural parameters of the seed suction holes and seed guide slot of the seed metering device and the parameters and arrangement of the auxiliary seed blowing holes were analyzed and calculated by designing the seed metering device with seed guide slot and the auxiliary seed filling structure with auxiliary seed guide holes. Taking the qualified rate of seed filling and the leakage rate of seed filling as indexes, a three-factor and three-level combination test was carried out, and the test results were subjected to multivariate regression analysis to optimize with the optimal objective, and the optimal parameter combinations of seed planter plate were determined to be the negative pressure of seed suction in the seed metering device of 5.156kPa, the forward speed of the high-speed planter for peanut was 8.007km/h, and the positive pressure of disturbed blowing of seeds was 1.149kPa. In this case, the qualified rate of peanut seed filling was 95.84%, and the leakage rate of peanut seed filling was 4.06%, which could realize the effective seed filling of peanut seeds.

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郭鵬,鄭效帥,王東偉,侯加林,趙壯.氣力輔助充種式花生精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(3):64-74. GUO Peng, ZHENG Xiaoshuai, WANG Dongwei, HOU Jialin, ZHAO Zhuang. Design and Experiment of Precision Seed Metering Device with Pneumatic Assisted Seed-filling for Peanut[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):64-74.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-01-29
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