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辣椒苗夾莖式雙排自動(dòng)取投苗裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020YFD1000300)


Design and Experiment of Double Row Stem Clipping Type Automatic Picking and Throwing Device for Pepper Seedlings
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    摘要:

    為提高設(shè)施蔬菜生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化率,設(shè)計(jì)了一種雙排夾莖式取投苗裝置。利用兩個(gè)對(duì)置移栽臂上的雙排夾取爪實(shí)現(xiàn)辣椒苗循環(huán)取投苗作業(yè),PLC控制系統(tǒng)保證取投苗裝置有序平穩(wěn)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。夾取爪核心部件由軟性材料和彈簧鋼片緊貼構(gòu)成,其精確定位由水平和豎直運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)。分析軟性材料厚度、辣椒苗苗齡、夾取爪氣缸壓力對(duì)取苗失敗率、運(yùn)苗失敗率和投苗失敗率的影響規(guī)律,以取投成功率為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)進(jìn)行正交試驗(yàn),確定雙排自動(dòng)取投苗裝置的最佳工作參數(shù)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)軟性材料厚度為10mm、辣椒苗苗齡為51d、夾取爪氣缸壓力為0.40MPa時(shí),平均取投成功率達(dá)到94.6%,基本滿足蔬菜移栽作業(yè)的技術(shù)要求。

    Abstract:

    Pepper is an important domestic economic crop that has a high economic benefit, and its large-scale mechanized planting can further reduce its production cost. However, as a crop planted in various regions in either field or greenhouse, pepper transplantation with the semi-automatic transplanter remains labour intensive and with low efficiency, and research on the automatic seedling picking and throwing device is in urgency. Hence, a double row stem clipping type automatic picking and throwing device for commercial 2ZBX-2 vegetable semi-automatic transplanter was designed. The cyclic picking and throwing assignments were realized for pepper pot seedlings through the two rows of clipping jaws that equipped on two face to face type mechanical arms, and orderly and smooth operation and the picking and throwing device was guaranteed by the PLC control system. The key components of clipping jaw were the soft materials and the spring steel sheet that fitted tightly, and accurate positioning of clipping jaw was realized with the horizontal and vertical motion mechanisms. Effect of soft material thickness, age of pepper seedling and cylinder pressure of clipping jaw on picking failure rate, delivering failure rate and throwing failure rate was analyzed by single test, and an orthogonal test was conducted, with the picking-throwing success rate as an optimal object, to determine the optimal working parameters. Under the optimal working parameter combination that soft material thickness was 10.0mm, age of pepper seedling was 51d, and cylinder pressure of clipping jaw was 0.40MPa, the test showed that the average real pickingthrowing success rate reached 94.6%, which basically met the technical requirements of vegetable transplanting operation.

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邱碩,于博,計(jì)東,田素博,趙萍,白曉虎.辣椒苗夾莖式雙排自動(dòng)取投苗裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(3):115-121,152. QIU Shuo, YU Bo, JI Dong, TIAN Subo, ZHAO Ping, BAI Xiaohu. Design and Experiment of Double Row Stem Clipping Type Automatic Picking and Throwing Device for Pepper Seedlings[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):115-121,152.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-11-11
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