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極性交換電場輔助植物修復稻田土壤鎘污染研究
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江蘇省科技計劃項目(BE2019392)、中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費專項資金項目(B220202071)和江蘇省自然科學基金項目(BK20210373)


Electrokinetic-assisted Phytoremediation of Soil Cadmium Pollution in Paddy Fields under Polarity Exchange Technology
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    摘要:

    通過盆栽試驗,采用太陽能供電方式,探究在干濕交替的水分條件下,水稻種植過程中極性交換電場輔助植物修復(EKPR)土壤重金屬鎘(Cd)污染的可行性??刂乒喔葪l件下,兩電極板附近的土壤區(qū)域種植水稻作物,中間土壤區(qū)域種植水蔥作富集植物。結(jié)果表明,交換電極使電解水反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的氫離子(H+)和氫氧根離子(OH-)不斷被中和,有效避免了土壤pH值極化。土壤電流變化范圍為0.08~0.36A,說明極性交換和較高的土壤含水率有效確保土壤中的可遷移離子數(shù)量和離子流動性,能夠驅(qū)動重金屬遷移。與對照處理(CK)相比,EKPR處理水蔥根部干物質(zhì)量顯著增加34.93%;水稻根部和稻谷干物質(zhì)量顯著降低17.21%~30.16%、16.18%~22.28%,葉片和莖部干物質(zhì)量分別提高3.82%~13.17%、7.59%~30.91%。EKPR處理水蔥根部、地上部Cd含量分別提高15.49%~22.45%、33.30%~35.45%;水稻根部、稻谷Cd含量分別降低14.48%~35.06%、39.04%~57.43%。極性交換電場輔助植物修復技術(shù)可提高水蔥對Cd的富集量,同時降低水稻對Cd的富集量,與CK處理相比,EKPR處理水蔥Cd生物富集量顯著增加46.48%,水稻Cd生物富集量顯著降低24.75%。試驗結(jié)束后,水稻根系附近的土壤Cd含量下降16.33%~19.14%。研究結(jié)果表明,在控制灌溉水稻種植過程中,極性交換電場輔助植物修復是一種可行的修復手段,在作物生產(chǎn)過程中利用電動修復和植物修復實現(xiàn)土壤凈化,具有良好的應(yīng)用前景和現(xiàn)實意義。

    Abstract:

    The feasibility of electrokineticassisted phytoremediation (EKPR) with polarity reversal to remove cadmium (Cd) contaminants from paddy soils under controlled irrigation was investigated. The experiments were carried out in cuboid pots powered by solar energy. The rice crops were planted near the electrodes under controlled irrigation, and the Scirpus tabernaemontani was planted as hyperaccumulator between two rows of rice plants. The results showed that H+ and OH-produced by electrolysis reactions could be directly neutralized by the polarity reversal operation, thus effectively avoiding the polarization of soil pH value. The soil current was varied from 0.08A to 0.36A, indicating that polarity exchange and high soil water content effectively ensured the number and mobility of free-moving ions in soils, which could drive heavy metal migration. Compared with CK treatment, EKPR treatment significantly increased the root dry biomass of Scirpus tabernaemontani by 34.93%. EKPR treatment significantly reduced the root and brown rice dry biomasses by 17.21%~30.16% and 16.18%~22.28% respectively, while significantly increased the leaf and stem dry biomasses by 3.82%~13.17% and 7.59%~30.91%, respectively. EKPR treatment increased the Cd content in root and ground parts by 15.49%~22.45% and 33.30%~35.45%, respectively. The content of Cd in rice root and brown rice was decreased by 14.48%~35.06% and 39.04%~57.43%, respectively. The electrokineticassisted phytoremediation technology could increase the Cd enrichment of Scirpus tabernaemontani and decrease the Cd enrichment of rice crops. Compared with CK treatment, the bioenrichment of Cd in Scirpus tabernaemontani under EKPR treatment was significantly increased by 46.48%, and that in rice crops was significantly decreased by 24.75%. At the end of EKR experiments, the soil Cd content near rice roots was decreased by 16.33%~19.14%.The results showed that under controlled irrigation, the electrokineticassisted phytoremediation with polarity reversal was a feasible method for cadmium contaminants in paddy soils. It had a good application prospect and practical significance to use electrokineticassisted phytoremediation to achieve soil purification in crop production.

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欒雅珺,徐俊增,李亞威,胡哲偉,王海渝,王永紅,徐錫華.極性交換電場輔助植物修復稻田土壤鎘污染研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(3):331-339. LUAN Yajun, XU Junzeng, LI Yawei, HU Zhewei, WANG Haiyu, WANG Yonghong, XU Xihua. Electrokinetic-assisted Phytoremediation of Soil Cadmium Pollution in Paddy Fields under Polarity Exchange Technology[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):331-339.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-01-22
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