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基于共形幾何代數(shù)的并聯(lián)機器人逆運動學(xué)分析方法
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(52205023、5193000170)、機械系統(tǒng)與振動國家重點實驗室開放課題項目(MSV202314)、中國博士后科學(xué)基金項目(2021M702123)和中國科協(xié)青年人才托舉工程項目(2023QNRC001)


Inverse Kinematics Analysis Method of Parallel Robot Based on Conformal Geometry Algebra
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    摘要:

    運動學(xué)分析是并聯(lián)機器人運動學(xué)性能評估和結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸優(yōu)化的基礎(chǔ)。現(xiàn)有并聯(lián)機器人運動學(xué)分析方法存在幾何建模與幾何計算相分離的問題,本文利用共形幾何代數(shù)(Conformal geometric algebra, CGA)集幾何表示和計算為一體的優(yōu)勢,提出一種并聯(lián)機器人逆運動學(xué)分析方法。根據(jù)動平臺位姿參數(shù)給出動平臺剛體運動算子,通過共形幾何代數(shù)框架下的幾何積實現(xiàn)動平臺上任意點的剛體變換,得到任意點在運動過程中的共形幾何表達式;結(jié)合機構(gòu)中尺寸、幾何約束,利用內(nèi)積運算,建立機構(gòu)運動學(xué)方程;根據(jù)運動學(xué)方程,進行運動學(xué)反解計算和速度分析。以3自由度的3-RPS并聯(lián)機器人和6自由度6-UPS并聯(lián)機器人為例,對所提方法進行驗證,并將逆運動學(xué)推導(dǎo)結(jié)果與仿真軟件所得結(jié)果進行了對比,驗證了本文提出方法的正確性。該方法將空間向量和旋轉(zhuǎn)表示等幾何對象與矩陣乘法、矢量外積等計算方式相結(jié)合,使得并聯(lián)機器人空間幾何問題統(tǒng)一在一個代數(shù)系統(tǒng)中進行處理,因此分析過程幾何直觀性較強,簡化了運動學(xué)逆解分析計算過程。

    Abstract:

    Kinematics analysis is the basis of kinematics performance evaluation and structure size optimization of parallel mechanism. The existing kinematics analysis methods of parallel robots have the problem of separating geometric modeling from geometric calculation. A method for inverse kinematics analysis of parallel robots was proposed by taking advantage of conformal geometric algebra (CGA), which integrated geometric representation and calculation. Firstly, the rigid body transformation of any point on the moving platform was realized by the geometric product under the framework of conformal geometry algebra, and then the conformal geometric expression of any point in the process of motion was obtained. Then the kinematic equation of the mechanism was established by using the inner product operation in combination with the dimension and geometry constraints of the mechanism. Finally, according to the kinematics equation, the inverse kinematics was calculated and the velocity was analyzed. A 3-RPS parallel robot of three degrees of freedom and a 6-UPS parallel robot of six degrees of freedom were taken as examples to verify the correctness of the proposed method, and the results of inverse kinematics were compared with those obtained by simulation software. This method combined the geometric objects such as space vector and rotation representation with the calculation methods such as matrix multiplication and vector outer product, so that the spatial geometry problems of parallel mechanism were handled in a unified algebraic system, so the analysis process was geometrically intuitive, and the analysis and calculation process of inverse kinematics were simplified.

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柴馨雪,李翔毅,湯陳昕,李秦川,徐靈敏.基于共形幾何代數(shù)的并聯(lián)機器人逆運動學(xué)分析方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2024,55(3):421-430. CHAI Xinxue, LI Xiangyi, TANG Chenxin, LI Qinchuan, XU Lingmin. Inverse Kinematics Analysis Method of Parallel Robot Based on Conformal Geometry Algebra[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):421-430.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-28
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