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制種玉米去雄無人機旋切裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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黑龍江省“揭榜掛帥”科技攻關(guān)項目(20212XJ05A0204)和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2023YFD2000403-2)


Design and Experiment of Rotary-cutting Device for Corn Seed Production Detasseling UAV
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    針對制種玉米母本植株由地面去雄機械去雄后存在遺漏雄穗及機械化補漏去雄裝備缺乏等問題,提出了一種適配四旋翼無人機的旋切裝置?;谌バ蹮o人機作業(yè)特點與穩(wěn)定性影響因素,分析了刀具切割雄穗時的受力及其對無人機反扭力矩的影響,并輕量化設(shè)計了旋切裝置總體結(jié)構(gòu),確定了旋切裝置的旋切范圍為44~150mm,可展范圍為541~1318mm,總質(zhì)量為4.03kg。通過旋切部件切割建模與仿真,選取了豎直進給切割的旋切方式,并由臺架試驗得到了旋切裝置切割反扭力矩最小時的最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合。在上述基礎(chǔ)上將旋切裝置與無人機集成開展田間試驗。研究表明,當(dāng)旋切轉(zhuǎn)速3954r/min、豎直進給速度5.9mm/s、刀具刃角32°時,旋切裝置單位切割力為10.54MPa,能完全切除雄穗,去雄無人機田間葉片損傷率為14.58%,高度波動率為1.88%,滿足制種玉米去雄要求。

    Abstract:

    A rotary-cutting device suitable for a four-rotor UAV was proposed to address the problems of missing tassels after ground detasseling machine and lacking of mechanized filling and detasseling equipment of female tassel detasseling for corn seed production. Based on the operation characteristics and stability influencing factors of the detasseling UAV, the force of the cutting tool when cutting the tassel and its influence on the anti-torsional torque of the UAV were analyzed, and the overall structure of the rotary-cutting device was designed. The rotary-cutting range of the rotary-cutting device was 44~150mm, the folding range was 541~1318mm, and the total mass was 4.03kg. Through the cutting modeling and simulation of the rotary-cutting part, the rotary-cutting method of the vertical feed cutting was selected, and the optimal parameter combination when the cutting anti-torsion torque of the rotary-cutting device was the smallest was obtained by the bench experiment. On the basis of the above, a field experiment was carried out by integrating the rotary-cutting device with the UAV. The results showed that the unit cutting force was 10.54MPa when the rotary-cutting speed of the rotary-cutting device was 3954r/min,the vertical feed speed was 5.9mm/s, and the cutting tool edge angle was 32°, and the rotary-cutting device could remove the tassel comprehensively. The damage rate of leaves for detasseling UAV in the field was 14.58%, and the fluctuation rate of height was 1.88%, which could meet the requirements of detasseling for corn seed production.

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陳立平,歐鴻,張瑞瑞,丁晨琛,伊銅川,海錦輝.制種玉米去雄無人機旋切裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2024,55(4):53-63. CHEN Liping, OU Hong, ZHANG Ruirui, DING Chenchen, YI Tongchuan, HAI Jinhui. Design and Experiment of Rotary-cutting Device for Corn Seed Production Detasseling UAV[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(4):53-63.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-04-10
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