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基于平行軌跡導(dǎo)航的采棉機自動對行控制方法
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2022YFD2002402)和山東省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2022CXGC020705)


Automatic Row-follow Control Method for Cotton Picker Based on Parallel Trajectory Navigation
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    摘要:

    為解決傳統(tǒng)人工操作采棉機長距離對行作業(yè)時存在勞動強度大、作業(yè)速度受限和效率較低的問題,利用棉花采用衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航平行精準播種的特性,提出了一種基于平行軌跡導(dǎo)航的采棉機自動對行控制方法。首先,人工駕駛采棉機完成首行對行作業(yè),記錄RTK定位軌跡數(shù)據(jù),并進行線性擬合,得到參考導(dǎo)航線斜率;然后,對后續(xù)各行收獲時,在任意起點對齊待收獲的棉花行,由起點坐標和參考斜率計算得到平行導(dǎo)航基準線;最后,采用速度自適應(yīng)純追蹤算法,實現(xiàn)采棉機自動對行。田間試驗表明,該方法能夠從任意行起始位置開始自動對行,不同速度下,平均絕對橫向偏差為2.91cm,最大絕對橫向偏差為9.22cm,平均標準差為1.80cm,控制性能均優(yōu)于手動對行,滿足采棉機對行精度要求。相對機械觸碰式自動對行方法,該方法不受缺株歪株影響,并且在較高速7km/h行駛時仍能保持良好的對行精度。

    Abstract:

    To address the problems of high labor intensity, limited operating speed, and low efficiency in long-distance row-follow operation of traditional manually operated cotton pickers, based on the prior characteristics of parallel precision sowing of cotton using satellite navigation, an automatic row-follow control method of cotton picker based on parallel trajectory navigation was proposed. Firstly, the cotton picker was manually driven to complete the first row alignment operation, the RTK positioning trajectory data was recorded, and the linear fitting was carried out to obtain the slope of the reference navigation line. Then, when harvesting the subsequent rows, the cotton rows to be harvested were aligned at any starting point, and the parallel navigation baseline was calculated by the starting point coordinates and the reference slope. Finally, a speed-adaptive pure tracking algorithm was adopted to realize automatic row-follow control of the cotton picker. Field experiments demonstrated that this method could automatically align rows from the starting position of any row. At different speeds, the average absolute lateral deviation was 2.91cm, and the maximum absolute lateral deviation was 9.22cm, and the standard deviation was 1.80cm, which met the requirements of the alignment accuracy of cotton picker. Compared with the mechanical touch-based automatic row-follow methods, this method was not affected by missing or broken plants and maintained good alignment accuracy at high speed of 7km/h.

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何創(chuàng)新,鞏蕾,苗中華,韓科立,郝付平,韓增德.基于平行軌跡導(dǎo)航的采棉機自動對行控制方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2024,55(6):34-41. HE Chuangxin, GONG Lei, MIAO Zhonghua, HAN Keli, HAO Fuping, HAN Zengde. Automatic Row-follow Control Method for Cotton Picker Based on Parallel Trajectory Navigation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(6):34-41.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-06-10
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