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丘陵山地姿態(tài)調(diào)整輪式拖拉機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制研究
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2022YFD2001303-2、2016YFD0700503-1)


Motion Control of Attitude Adjustment Wheeled Tractor in Hilly and Mountain Areas
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    摘要:

    以丘陵山地姿態(tài)調(diào)整輪式拖拉機(jī)為研究對象,提出了一種基于改進(jìn)遺傳算法的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制方法,可根據(jù)地形條件實(shí)現(xiàn)對拖拉機(jī)的實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)平控制,提高其車身穩(wěn)定性。首先,根據(jù)拖拉機(jī)機(jī)構(gòu)間的運(yùn)動(dòng)關(guān)系,建立表征其輪心位置與車身姿態(tài)參數(shù)關(guān)系的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型,并進(jìn)行算例求解,驗(yàn)證了運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型的正確與準(zhǔn)確性。然后,以提高拖拉機(jī)車身穩(wěn)定性為控制目標(biāo),在運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)建模的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于改進(jìn)遺傳算法的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制方法。最后,對算法進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明,使用算法進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)控制可有效降低其車身姿態(tài)角,橫向坡地最大側(cè)傾角降低13.3°,縱向坡地最大俯仰角降低4.3°;在兩種坡度兼有的路面上進(jìn)行綜合調(diào)整,其最大側(cè)傾角和最大俯仰角分別降低13.8°和4°,極大提高了車身穩(wěn)定性。同時(shí)將改進(jìn)遺傳算法與傳統(tǒng)遺傳算法進(jìn)行對比,結(jié)果表明,改進(jìn)遺傳算法在響應(yīng)時(shí)間和控制精度方面均優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)遺傳算法,其算法響應(yīng)時(shí)間較傳統(tǒng)遺傳算法縮短63.93%,大幅提高了算法效率。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the stability of the tractors in hilly and mountainous areas, a motion control method was designed based on improved genetic algorithm, which can achieve real-time leveling control according to terrain conditions. Firstly, according to the kinematic relationship of the tractor attitude adjustment mechanism, a kinematic model representing the relationship between the wheel center position and the body attitude parameters was established, and a numerical example was given to solve the problem to verify the correctness and accuracy of the kinematic model. Then, with the aim of improving the stability of tractor body, a tractor motion control method based on improved genetic algorithm was designed while considering the kinematics model. Finally, the simulation results showed that the motion control algorithm can effectively reduce the body attitude angle, the maximum lateral slope angle was reduced by 13.3°, and the maximum pitch angle of the longitudinal slope was reduced by 4.3°. The comprehensive adjustment on the road with both slopes can reduce the maximum side angle and the maximum pitch angle by 13.8° and 4°, respectively, which greatly improved the stability of the body. At the same time, the improved genetic algorithm was compared with the traditional genetic algorithm. The results showed that the improved genetic algorithm was superior to the traditional genetic algorithm both in response time and control accuracy. The response time of the improved genetic algorithm was reduced by 63.93% compared with that of the traditional genetic algorithm, and the efficiency of the algorithm was greatly improved.

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姜惠,唐小虎,張旭烽,徐國艷,高峰.丘陵山地姿態(tài)調(diào)整輪式拖拉機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(6):392-403. JIANG Hui, TANG Xiaohu, ZHANG Xufeng, XU Guoyan, GAO Feng. Motion Control of Attitude Adjustment Wheeled Tractor in Hilly and Mountain Areas[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(6):392-403.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-06-10
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