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非圓齒輪-連桿組合式水稻缽苗膜上移栽機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52105247)、黑龍江省自然科學(xué)基金優(yōu)秀青年項(xiàng)目(YQ2023E001)、中央支持地方高校改革發(fā)展資金優(yōu)秀青年項(xiàng)目和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)“學(xué)術(shù)骨干”基金項(xiàng)目


Optimization Design and Experiment of Non-circular Gear-Linkage Combination Type Transplanting Mechanism of Rice Pot Seedling on Film
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    摘要:

    為實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化一體式水稻缽苗膜上移栽要求,提出非圓齒輪-連桿組合式行星輪系移栽機(jī)構(gòu),用一套機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)取苗、送苗、破膜挖穴和栽植4個工序協(xié)同配合作業(yè),滿足水稻缽苗膜上移栽所需的軌跡與姿態(tài)要求。對移栽機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行理論分析并建立運(yùn)動學(xué)模型,結(jié)合優(yōu)化目標(biāo),基于Matlab GUI平臺開發(fā)了數(shù)字可視化優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)軟件,通過人機(jī)交互獲得1組滿足移栽要求的機(jī)構(gòu)參數(shù)。根據(jù)優(yōu)化參數(shù)對機(jī)構(gòu)開展結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與三維建模,通過ADAMS軟件完成了虛擬樣機(jī)仿真驗(yàn)證。研制了水稻缽苗膜上移栽機(jī)構(gòu)物理樣機(jī)與多功能試驗(yàn)測試臺架,開展了移栽機(jī)構(gòu)在空轉(zhuǎn)和帶苗狀態(tài)下運(yùn)動學(xué)特性和工作性能試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,理論軌跡、虛擬樣機(jī)仿真軌跡和物理樣機(jī)臺架試驗(yàn)軌跡在誤差允許范圍內(nèi)保持一致,驗(yàn)證了移栽機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的一致性與正確性,性能試驗(yàn)結(jié)果:取苗成功率為94%,移栽成功率為92.36%,栽植株距變異系數(shù)為2.67%,滿足移栽作業(yè)要求,驗(yàn)證了水稻缽苗膜上移栽機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性與可行性。

    Abstract:

    To achieve the mechanized integrated transplanting requirement of rice pot seedlings on film, a non-circular gear-linkage combined planetary gear system transplanting mechanism was proposed. This mechanism enabled a single set of components to achieve the coordinated operation of four processes: seedling picking, seedling delivery, film perforation and digging, and planting meeting the trajectory and attitude requirements of rice pot seedling transplanting on film. The transplanting mechanism was theoretically analyzed, and a kinematic model was established. Combining optimization objectives, a digital visualization optimization design software for the mechanism was developed based on the Matlab GUI platform, resulting in a set of mechanism parameters that met the transplanting requirements through human-computer interaction. Based on the optimized parameters, a comprehensive structural design of the mechanism was conducted, and a 3D model was established. Virtual prototype simulation was performed by using ADAMS software. A physical prototype of the rice pot seedling transplanting mechanism on film and a multifunctional test bench were developed. The kinematic characteristics and performance of the transplanting mechanism under idle and seedling-carrying states were studied. The results showed that the theoretical trajectory, virtual prototype simulation trajectory, and physical prototype test bench trajectory remained consistent within an acceptable error range, validating the consistency and correctness of the design of the transplanting mechanism. The performance test showed a seedling extraction success rate of 94%, a transplanting success rate of 92.36%, and a coefficient of variation of planting spacing of 2.67%, meeting the requirements of transplanting operation. This validated the rationality and feasibility of the design of the rice pot seedling transplanting mechanism on film.

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辛亮,王明成,張浩,孫國玉,王航,莊智圓.非圓齒輪-連桿組合式水稻缽苗膜上移栽機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(8):63-70. XIN Liang, WANG Mingcheng, ZHANG Hao, SUN Guoyu, WANG Hang, ZHUANG Zhiyuan. Optimization Design and Experiment of Non-circular Gear-Linkage Combination Type Transplanting Mechanism of Rice Pot Seedling on Film[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(8):63-70.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-28
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