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基于改進(jìn)YOLO v5n的工廠化育秧田間鋪盤(pán)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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浙江省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021C02022、2022C02056)


Design and Testing of Field Disk Spreading Device Based on Improved YOLO v5n
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)目前工廠化育秧育苗田間鋪盤(pán)自動(dòng)化程度低、成本高等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種全自動(dòng)雙邊軌道式田間鋪盤(pán)裝置,并配備苗床異常凸起視覺(jué)檢測(cè)模塊。首先對(duì)鋪盤(pán)結(jié)構(gòu)工作原理進(jìn)行分析,之后對(duì)鋪盤(pán)裝置滿載作業(yè)狀況進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、受力分析和仿真分析。為了防止苗床異常凸起導(dǎo)致鋪盤(pán)時(shí)秧盤(pán)傾斜,影響煉苗成活率,提出了一種基于CBAM-YOLO v5n的苗床異常凸起目標(biāo)識(shí)別算法,改進(jìn)后的YOLO v5n算法添加了注意力機(jī)制,對(duì)苗床異常凸起目標(biāo)檢測(cè)準(zhǔn)確率、召回率和平均精度均值分別為98.1%、91.7%和94.9%,相對(duì)于原模型分別提高1.2、1.7、0.9個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的鋪盤(pán)樣機(jī)進(jìn)行了正交試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)鋪盤(pán)高度為90mm、鋪盤(pán)機(jī)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)速為550r/min、鋪盤(pán)箱平移速度為0.14m/s時(shí),鋪盤(pán)成功率最高為96.4%,植入機(jī)器視覺(jué)模塊后,鋪盤(pán)成功率可達(dá)99.3%。設(shè)計(jì)的鋪盤(pán)裝置可有效降低人工鋪盤(pán)勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度,降低鋪盤(pán)勞動(dòng)成本。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of low automation and high cost of field spreading device for factory planting seedlings, a fully automated bilateral rail type field spreading device with a visual detection module for abnormal bumps in seedbed was designed. Firstly, the working principle of the tray spreading structure was analyzed, and then the structural design, force analysis and simulation analysis were carried out on the full-load operation condition of the tray spreading device. In order to prevent the abnormal bulge of seedbed from tilting the seedling tray when spreading the tray, which affected the survival rate of seedling refining, an abnormal bulge target recognition algorithm was proposed based on CBAM-YOLO v5n, and the improved YOLO v5n algorithm added the attention mechanism, and the average values of accuracy, recall, and average precision for the detection of the abnormal bulge target of the seedbed were respectively 98.1%, 91.7% and 94.9%, which were 1.2 percentage points, 1.7 percentage points and 0.9 percentage points higher than that of the original model, respectively. The developed tray-laying prototype was tested by orthogonal test method, and the test results showed that when the height of tray-laying was 90mm, the rotational speed of tray-laying mechanism was 550r/min, and the translational speed of tray-laying box was 0.14m/s, the highest tray-laying success rate was 96.4%, and after implanting the machine vision module, the tray-laying success rate can reach 99.3%. The designed tray spreading device can effectively reduce the labor intensity of manual tray spreading and reduce the labor cost of tray spreading.

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虞佳佳,李玉,周延鎖,胡萬(wàn)里,郝帥,李雷.基于改進(jìn)YOLO v5n的工廠化育秧田間鋪盤(pán)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(8):71-80,116. YU Jiajia, LI Yu, ZHOU Yansuo, HU Wanli, HAO Shuai, LI Lei. Design and Testing of Field Disk Spreading Device Based on Improved YOLO v5n[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(8):71-80,116.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-08-10
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