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香蕉秸稈粉碎拋撒還田機(jī)仿生刀片設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52075137、51965015)、海南省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(SQ2022XDNY0150)和海南省院士創(chuàng)新平臺(tái)項(xiàng)目(HD-YSZX-202005、HD-YSZX-202101)


Design and Flow Field Analysis of Bionic Blade of Banana Straw Crushing and Throwing Machine
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    摘要:

    為解決海南省香蕉秸稈粉碎機(jī)作業(yè)過程中粉碎效果差和拋撒不均勻等問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一款具有良好秸稈粉碎性能的仿生鋸齒粉碎尖刀還田機(jī)。將仿生學(xué)原理應(yīng)用到粉碎刀片設(shè)計(jì)中,仿藍(lán)鯊牙齒鋸齒輪廓設(shè)計(jì)了一款仿生鋸齒粉碎尖刀,通過仿真驗(yàn)證了仿生鋸齒尖刀對(duì)香蕉秸稈的切割能力,并設(shè)計(jì)了仿生鋸齒尖刀與傳統(tǒng)粉碎刀混合使用,制定了試驗(yàn)方案并進(jìn)行整機(jī)仿真與田間試驗(yàn)。利用Fluent軟件研究了香蕉秸稈粉碎還田機(jī)作業(yè)過程中粉碎刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速、粉碎室離地高度和粉碎刀刀尖與機(jī)殼距離等參數(shù)對(duì)粉碎室內(nèi)不同位置的壓力場(chǎng)、速度場(chǎng)的影響。仿真結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)?shù)遁S轉(zhuǎn)速為2000r/min時(shí),粉碎室喂入特性最佳;粉碎室離地高度越大,秸稈喂入特性越好,但過高或過低的離地高度會(huì)導(dǎo)致粉碎室內(nèi)秸稈流動(dòng)性降低;增加粉碎刀刀尖與機(jī)殼間隙會(huì)導(dǎo)致秸稈拋撒情況產(chǎn)生不良影響。仿真試驗(yàn)和田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,仿生鋸齒尖刀與傳統(tǒng)粉碎刀混合使用,可在保證秸稈撿拾能力同時(shí),提高整機(jī)粉碎合格率和拋撒均勻度。

    Abstract:

    To solve the problems of poor crushing effect and uneven scattering of banana straw crusher in Hainan Province during operation, a field returning machine was designed with a biomimetic serrated grinding knife with good straw crushing performance. Applying the principles of bionics to the design of crushing blades, a biomimetic serrated crushing knife was designed based on the serrated profile of blue shark teeth. The cutting ability of the biomimetic serrated knife on banana straw was verified through simulation, and a mixed use of the biomimetic serrated blade and traditional crushing knife was designed. An experimental plan was developed for machine simulation and field experiments. Using Fluent flow field analysis software, the effects of parameters such as the speed of the crushing blade shaft, the height of the crushing chamber from the ground, and the distance of the crushing blade tip from the casing on the pressure and velocity fields at different positions in the banana straw crushing and returning machine during operation were studied. When the spindle speed was 2000r/min, the feeding characteristics of the crushing chamber were the best. The higher the height of the crushing chamber from the ground was, the better the feeding characteristics of the straw were, but too high or too low of the height from the ground can lead to a decrease in the fluidity of the straw in the crushing chamber. Increasing the gap between the tip of the crushing knife and the casing can have a negative impact on the scattering of straw. Through simulation and field experiments, it can be concluded that the combination of biomimetic serrated blade and traditional crushing blade can ensure the straw picking ability while improving the crushing qualification and scattering uniformity of the entire machine. The research result can provide support for the design and optimization of banana straw returning machines.

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張喜瑞,倪世雷,劉俊孝,胡旭航,張志富,符少華.香蕉秸稈粉碎拋撒還田機(jī)仿生刀片設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(8):138-151,160. ZHANG Xirui, NI Shilei, LIU Junxiao, HU Xuhang, ZHANG Zhifu, FU Shaohua. Design and Flow Field Analysis of Bionic Blade of Banana Straw Crushing and Throwing Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(8):138-151,160.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-08-10
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