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高接低栽式差速變姿態(tài)行星輪系栽植機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52105247)、黑龍江省自然科學(xué)基金優(yōu)秀青年項(xiàng)目(YQ2023E001)、中央支持地方高校改革發(fā)展資金優(yōu)秀青年項(xiàng)目和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)“學(xué)術(shù)骨干”基金項(xiàng)目


Optimization Design and Experiment of High Catching and Low Planting Type Differential Variable Attitude Planetary Gear System Planting Mechanism
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)目前旱地蔬菜缽苗移栽機(jī)大多適用于大株距(大于260mm)移栽且投接苗與栽植位置作業(yè)高度差大、移栽性能不佳等問題,本文提出一種高接低栽式差速變姿態(tài)行星輪系栽植機(jī)構(gòu)。根據(jù)中小株距蔬菜缽苗移栽農(nóng)藝指導(dǎo)與機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)要求,解析雙行星架差速行星輪系栽植機(jī)構(gòu)工作原理并建立其運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)理論模型;結(jié)合所提出優(yōu)化目標(biāo)構(gòu)建目標(biāo)函數(shù),開發(fā)了基于Matlab GUI的栽植機(jī)構(gòu)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助分析優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)軟件,通過人機(jī)交互方式獲得1組較優(yōu)的機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)組合。通過三維建模與裝配以及ADAMS軟件虛擬仿真,初步驗(yàn)證了機(jī)構(gòu)正確性與合理性。開展栽植機(jī)構(gòu)物理樣機(jī)試制與試驗(yàn)臺(tái)架系統(tǒng)開發(fā)研究,通過空轉(zhuǎn)試驗(yàn)測(cè)試,驗(yàn)證了栽植機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)際作業(yè)軌跡、姿態(tài)與虛擬仿真及理論設(shè)計(jì)的一致性;開展栽植機(jī)構(gòu)接苗與栽植性能試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,栽植機(jī)構(gòu)在接苗與栽植各項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)均較為優(yōu)秀,能夠滿足栽植機(jī)構(gòu)預(yù)期設(shè)計(jì)要求與旱地移栽機(jī)械標(biāo)準(zhǔn),驗(yàn)證了該機(jī)構(gòu)的可行性與實(shí)用性。

    Abstract:

    In response to the current problem that dryland vegetable pot seedling transplanting machine mostly applies to large plant spacing (more than 260mm) transplanting, and there is a large height difference between the seedling catching and planting position, as well as a poor transplanting performance, the high catching and low planting type differential variable attitude planetary gear system planting mechanism was proposed. Based on the agronomic guidance for small and medium plant spacing of vegetable pot seedling transplanting and transplanting mechanism design requirements, the working principle of the double planetary carrier differential planetary gear system planting mechanism was analyzed and its kinematic theoretical model was established. A computer-aided analysis and optimization design software for planting mechanism based on Matlab GUI was developed by combining the objective function constructed with the proposed optimization objectives. A set of optimal mechanism design parameter combinations was obtained through human-computer interaction. The correctness and rationality of the mechanism were preliminarily verified through 3D modeling and assembly, as well as virtual simulation by ADAMS software. The experimental research on the physical prototype of planting mechanisms and the development of test bench systems were carried out. Through idle testing, the consistency of trajectory and attitude of planting mechanism among the actual operation, virtual simulation, and theoretical design was verified. The experimental research on the seedling catching and planting performance of planting mechanism was conducted. The results showed that the planting mechanism was excellent in all experimental indicators of seedling catching and planting, which could meet the expected design requirements of planting mechanism and the standards of dry land transplanting machinery, and it verified the feasibility and practicality of the planting mechanism.

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辛亮,孫銘翼,李澤澤,朱軒衛(wèi),馮宇琛,李嘉誠.高接低栽式差速變姿態(tài)行星輪系栽植機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(8):161-169,265. XIN Liang, SUN Mingyi, LI Zeze, ZHU Xuanwei, FENG Yuchen, LI Jiacheng. Optimization Design and Experiment of High Catching and Low Planting Type Differential Variable Attitude Planetary Gear System Planting Mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(8):161-169,265.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-06
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