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2015年第1期共收錄52篇

1.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509839
Title:     Experimental study on nursing seedlings of super rice precision seeder device
Authors:     Chen, Jin1  ; Gong, Zhiqiang2; Li, Yaoming1; Li, Jianhua1; Xu, Ya1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China 
    2 College of Electronic Engineering and Electrical Automation, Chaohu University, Hefei, China 
Corresponding author:     Chen, Jin 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     73-78
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In order to realize the nursing seedlings of super rice, a type of vacuum-vibrating tray precision seeding device was designed. The super rice Changyou 3 was selected, the effects of relative pressure, diameter of suction hole, vibration frequency of plate, amplitude, the suction distance on seeding performance was analyzed with a five-factors and four-level orthogonal experiment. A mathematical model was established between seeding device parameters and seeding performance index, which provided the basis for the parameters selection of the precision seeder device in seeding process. The multi-objective optimization genetic algorithm was made and the optimal parameters were determined as: vacuum negative pressure value of 3.68 kPa, diameter of suction hole of 1.84 mm, vibration frequency of 10.90 Hz, amplitude of 4.09 mm, the suction distance of 3.92 mm which were verified by experiments. Through seeding test of the long type super rice, the results were consistent with theoretical analysis, which showed that the seeding device had a good adaptability to different varieties of super rice, which were suitable for different varieties of super rice seeding. Through sowing and seedling test, the seeding device could meet requirements of super rice planting seedling.
Number of references:     12
Main heading:     Seed Controlled terms:     Experiments  - Genetic algorithms  - Multiobjective optimization  - Nursing  - Vibration analysis  - Vibrations (mechanical) Uncontrolled terms:     Negative pressure value  - Optimal parameter  - Orthogonal experiment  - Parameters selection  - Seeding performance  - Super rice  - Tray seeders  - Vibration frequency Classification code:     461.7 Health Care - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 931.1 Mechanics - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.011
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
2.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509654
Title:     3-D object retrieval method based on adaptive neighborhood harris operator
Authors:     Liu, Dongbo1, 2  ; Xiao, Peng1; Qu, Xilong1; Zhang, Xizheng1, 2 Author affiliation:     1 College of Computer and Communication, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, China 
    2 CIC of Wind Power Equipment and Energy Conversion, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, China 
Corresponding author:     Liu, Dongbo 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     373-378
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     The detection, characterization, and matching of various 3-D features from visual observations is important for a large variety of applications such as modeling, tracking, recognition or indexing. The existing methods detect features by using either photometric information available with geometric information available with 3-D surfaces. To deal with the low retrieval accuracy problem in complex situation of 3-D objects retrieval, such as 3-D objects rotation and brightness changing, and a 3-D objects retrieval method was proposed. The Harris operator was extended the use of 3-D objects, and an adaptive technique was proposed to determine the neighborhood of a vertex. Then the significant interest points were chosen with the Harris response function value. To construct the global shape features distance histogram of 3-D objects with interest points, the distance histogram was used as the 3-D shape descriptor for 3-D object retrieval. Extensive experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method was robust to affine transformations and distortion transformation such as noise addition. Moreover, the distribution of interest points on the surface of an object remains similar in transformed objects, which is a desirable behavior in applications such as shape matching and object registration.
Number of references:     16
Main heading:     Three dimensional computer graphics Controlled terms:     Feature extraction  - Graphic methods  - Information retrieval  - Object recognition Uncontrolled terms:     3D object  - Distance histogram  - Harris  - Interest points  - Retrieval Classification code:     716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723.5 Computer Applications - 902.1 Engineering Graphics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.052
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
3.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509847
Title:     Real-time measurement of soil organic matter content in field
Authors:     He, Dongjian1  ; Chen, Xu1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China 
Corresponding author:     He, Dongjian 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     127-132
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In order to achieve rapid measurement of soil organic matter content, Lou soil was prepared to study soil organic matter determination method based on spectral analysis. Firstly, the soil diffusion reflectance spectrum with range of 900~1700 nm was collected by using the portable spectrograph, and the abnormal samples were identified and removed to improve the accuracy. After that, based on the comparison of two different sample dividing methods, the optimal wavelengths of the modeling variables were selected by using successive projections algorithm (SPA). Then, the effect of prediction results of organic matters was analyzed with three linear modeling methods (MLR, PCR, PLS). The results indicated that PLS worked better. The RBF neural network was also built. The results of testing sets showed that the coefficient of determination and root mean square error between measured value and predicted value was 0.8019 and 0.1794 with PLS model, and 0.8281 and 0.1646 with RBF neural network, respectively. Both of them showed a high accuracy which could be used for the fast prediction of the soil organic matter content.
Number of references:     20
Main heading:     Soil surveys Controlled terms:     Biogeochemistry  - Biological materials  - Forecasting  - Least squares approximations  - Mean square error  - Organic compounds  - Radial basis function networks  - Soils  - Spectrum analysis Uncontrolled terms:     Coefficient of determination  - Organic matter content  - Partial least square (PLS)  - Prediction model  - RBF Neural Network  - Root mean square errors  - Soil organic matter contents  - Successive projections algorithms (SPA) Classification code:     461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2 Geochemistry - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 731.1 Control Systems - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 921 Mathematics - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments

DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.019
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
4.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509845
Title:     Design and experiment on soybean breeding thresher of double feeding roller and combined threshing cylinder
Authors:     Gao, Lianxing1  ; Zheng, Shiyan1; Chen, Ruixiang1; Yang, Dexu1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China 
Corresponding author:     Gao, Lianxing 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     112-118
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Mechanical threshing plays an important role in the modern soybean production, which is one of key factors causing damage of soybean seeds at the same time. It can not only bring the waste of soybean seeds and economic loss, but also affect seeds germination percentages and soybean yields tremendously, especially for mechanized precision sowing technique. Facing on the problems of higher soybean damage rate and lower soybean threshing rate, the overall design and comprehensive threshing principle of double feeding rollers and combined threshing cylinder soybean breeding thresher was proposed, critical components of combined threshing cylinder, feeding device and transmission system, etc. were designed, and the prototype was developed. Combined threshing cylinder was composed of spiral arrangement of spike tooth, bow tooth, tooth and concave plate screen. The feeding device was mainly composed of double feeding roller. Pneumatic cleaning device as mainly composed of vibrating screen and fan. The main soybean varieties from Agricultural College of Shenyang Agricultural University were selected as test materials, through orthogonal experiment analysis, the three parameters: feeding gear, drum rotating speed and concave plate clearance were selected as experimental factors. Soybean threshing rate and soybean damage rate were selected as experimental indexes. The structure and working parameter of threshing performance was optimized. Experimental results indicated that feeding gear, drum rotating speed and concave plate clearance all had significant impact on soybean threshing rate and soybean damage rate. The most optimum combination region of the moisture content was 16%~18%, the feeding gear was mid-gear (222 r/min), drum rotating speed was 500 r/min, the concave plate clearance was 40 mm, the soybean threshed rate was 98.4% and the soybean damaged rate was 1.4%.
Number of references:     14
Main heading:     Agriculture Controlled terms:     Cylinders (shapes)  - Feeding  - Losses  - Plates (structural components)  - Rollers (machine components)  - Rotating machinery  - Seed Uncontrolled terms:     Double feeding roller  - Experimental factors  - Germination percentages  - Orthogonal experiment  - Soybean  - Structure and working parameters  - Thresher  - Transmission systems Classification code:     408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 601.2 Machine Components - 691.2 Materials Handling Methods - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 911.2 Industrial Economics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.017
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
5.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509836
Title:     Surface optimization and experiment on ditch plow of direct rapeseed seeder
Authors:     Zhang, Qingsong1  ; Liao, Qingxi1  ; Ji, Wenfeng1; Liu, Hongbo1; Zhou, Yang1; Xiao, Wenli1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China 
Corresponding author:     Liao, Qingxi 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     53-59
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In order to reduce the traction resistance of ditch plow system and analyze the influence of operating speed on ditch plow system, the parameters of plow surface and operating speed were studied. The EDEM model of soil-plow simulation was established. The experiment was made with traction resistance as target and plow blade angle, opening of guiding curves, starting angle of straight-line elements, maximal angle of straight-line elements and operating speed as factors. The simulation results showed that during the range of the experiment, traction resistance decreased when plow blade angle increased while it increased when opening of guiding curves, starting angle of straight-line elements, maximal angle of straight-line elements increased, respectively. Traction resistance increased rapidly when operating speed increased. When operating speed ranged from 1.0 m/s to 2.0 m/s, traction resistance and power consumption became 1.98 times and 3.97 times bigger, respectively. The simulation optimization results indicated that under certain working conditions, when the values of plow blade angle, opening of guiding curves, starting angle of straight-line elements, maximal angle of straight-line elements were 15°, 190 mm, 35° and 40° respectively, the minimal value of traction resistance was 241.11 N, 11.26% less than before. In order to observe the field working performance of optimized plow, the plow were printed by 3D printers and manufactured in the factory, and contrastive experiment was carried out. The results showed that compared with the former, the number of large soil block was smaller and the quality of residual soil was 62.87% less at the bottom of ditch, and the T-shape of ditch was more obviously. The research conclusions could provide reference for the future optimization of ditch plow system and operating study of actual field working speed.
Number of references:     12
Main heading:     Agricultural machinery Controlled terms:     3D printers  - Curve fitting  - Soils  - Speed  - Turbomachine blades Uncontrolled terms:     Direct rape seeder  - Ditch plow  - Operating speed  - Simulation optimization  - Surface optimization  - Traction resistance  - Working performance  - Working speed Classification code:     483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 618 Compressors and Pumps - 745.1.1 Printing Equipment - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.008
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
6.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509850
Title:     Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil-crop system on sewage irrigated farmland
Authors:     Pang, Yan1  ; Tong, Yan'an1, 2  ; Liang, Lianyou2; Ji, Puhui1; Tang, Xiwang1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Nature Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China 
    2 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China, MOA, Yangling; Shaanxi, China 
Corresponding author:     Tong, Yan'an 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     148-154
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn in soil, wheat and vegetable samples from sewage irrigated farmland in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, were determined. Results indicated that average contents of Cd and Pb in the research area were higher than soil background values in Xi'an and Shaanxi Province, respectively, and the average contents of Cu and Zn were higher than soil background values in Shaanxi Province, respectively. Significantly positive correlation was found between Cd and Pb in soils, while highly significant positive correlation was found among Cr, Cu and Zn, respectively. The principal component analysis showed Cd and Pb in soils were associated with anthropogenic activities, whereas Cr, Cu and Zn were predominantly controlled by parent material. The quality of soils were evaluated with potential ecological risk index and Nemerow pollution index, however, both of the results showed that Cd was the major pollution element in soil. In the study areas, exceeding rates of Cr and Pb in wheat samples were up to 70.00% and 80.00%, respectively; exceeding rates of Cd, Cr, Pb in fruit vegetable samples were 66.67%, 100% and 66.67%, respectively; and exceeding rates of Cd, Cr, Pb in flower and leaf vegetables samples were 100%. Therefore, it was suggested that farmers should avoid cultivating high transfer factor plants, such as flower and leaf vegetables, meanwhile, sewage with Cd must be purified strictly before irrigation.
Number of references:     32
Main heading:     Soil pollution Controlled terms:     Crops  - Ecology  - Farms  - Heavy metals  - Lead  - Pollution  - Principal component analysis  - Quality control  - Sewage  - Soils  - Vegetables  - Zinc Uncontrolled terms:     Anthropogenic activity  - Heavy metal pollution  - Parent materials  - Pollution elements  - Pollution index  - Positive correlations  - Potential ecological risk  - Vegetable samples Classification code:     452.1 Sewage - 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 546.1 Lead and Alloys - 546.3 Zinc and Alloys - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.022
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
7.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509830
Title:     Heading control system of autonomous following vehicle
Authors:     Ding, Yongqian1  ; Wang, Zhiqing1; Lin, Xiangze1; Bi, Weiping1; Lin, Xiaolan1; Xue, Jinlin1 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China 
Corresponding author:     Ding, Yongqian 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     8-13 and 7
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     A kind of control system modeling and designing method for autonomous following vehicle was provided according to the relative heading angle detected by infrared sensors. The device and working principle of relative heading angle detecting device were introduced in detail. The control system modeling of the steering system driven by a stepper motor, dynamic relationship between front-wheel steering angle and relative heading angle, and the corresponding control algorithm design of the whole control system were mainly discussed. The Matlab simulation results of relative heading angle control system were highly consistent with the practical running results of the control system. The autonomous following vehicle system which was modified from electric-driven vehicles was tested in an orchard. During the test, the biggest lateral deviation of the tracks between the guiding vehicle and the following vehicle was 9.2 cm, the average deviation was 3.3 cm and the variance was 5.5 cm2. The experimental results showed that the designed autonomous following vehicle system can run stably and reliably, reflected its application prospects in complex agricultural environment.
Number of references:     18
Main heading:     Automobile steering equipment Controlled terms:     Algorithms  - Control systems  - Electric machine theory  - Infrared detectors  - Infrared devices  - MATLAB  - Steering  - Stepping motors  - Vehicles Uncontrolled terms:     Agricultural environments  - Control system modeling  - Designing methods  - Detecting devices  - Front wheel steering angles  - Heading angles  - Infra-red sensor  - Matlab simulations Classification code:     432 Highway Transportation - 663.2 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicle Components - 705.1 Electric Machinery, General - 705.3 Electric Motors - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 921 Mathematics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.002
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
8.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509848
Title:     Spatial prediction of forest soil organic matter based on environmental factors and R-STPS interpolation methods
Authors:     Liu, Eryong1  ; Liu, Jian2, 3  ; Yu, Kunyong2, 3; He, Ping2, 3; Zhao, Zhenhe3 Author affiliation:     1 College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China 
    2 Institute of Geomatics Application, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China 
    3 College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China 
Corresponding author:     Liu, Jian 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     133-137
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     The spatial prediction model of forest soil organic matter was studied based on environmental factors and mixed interpolation methods. Firstly, digital terrain and remote sensing image analysis technologies were applied to get topographic factors and index of remote sensing. Then, the correlation of soil organic matter and environmental factors was analyzed. In the end, soil organic matter was predicted spatially according to the environmental factors. Aiming at the flaw of regression Kriging (RK) which needs to compute semi-variogram, a spatial interpolation method named regression-smoothing thin plate spline (R-STPS) was presented. This two interpolation methods were applied to predict soil organic matter of Shunchang county spatially. The results showed that the prediction accuracy and computation efficiency of RK and R-STPS were almost consistent. The overall trend of spatial prediction distribution of soil organic matter of study area was similar. However, R-STPS was not needed for calculation of semi-variogram and easy to use. Therefore, R-STPS has more advantages.
Number of references:     15
Main heading:     Forecasting Controlled terms:     Biogeochemistry  - Biological materials  - Forestry  - Image reconstruction  - Interpolation  - Organic compounds  - Regression analysis  - Remote sensing  - Soils Uncontrolled terms:     Environmental factors  - Forest land  - Kriging  - Mixed interpolations  - Prediction model  - Regression  - Soil organic matters Classification code:     461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering - 481.2 Geochemistry - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 731.1 Control Systems - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.020
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
9.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509834
Title:     Image-rule-based diagnostic expert system for cotton diseases and pests based on mobile terminal with android system
Authors:     Dai, Jianguo1  ; Lai, Junchen2   Author affiliation:     1 XPCC Research Center for Geospatial Information Technology, Shihezi, China 
    2 Agriculture Bureau of the Sixth Agricultural Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Wujiaqu, China 
Corresponding author:     Lai, Junchen 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     35-44
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Currently expert system for plant protection has the problem of poor portability and expensiveness, so a cotton diseases and insect pest diagnosis system based on image rules was developed on the Android smartphone. Binary retrieve rules were used to construct decision tree, object-oriented programming was used to encapsulate binary logic classification model, rules and appropriate photographs, consequently, knowledge represented by graphics achieved. The system has two diagnosis methods of image retrieval diagnosis and binary tree retrieval diagnosis with image rules. It featured human-computer interaction on actual image of typical characteristic facts in the field. The reasoning process was realized by visualization. The system was benefit for the agricultural production in practice with excellent features as portable, practicability, friendly interface, information of picture and data, and unlimited with networks. The diagnosis accuracy was above 95%.
Number of references:     22
Main heading:     Search engines Controlled terms:     Agriculture  - Android (operating system)  - Binary trees  - Cotton  - Decision trees  - Diagnosis  - Expert systems  - Human computer interaction  - Image retrieval  - Object oriented programming  - Signal encoding  - Smartphones Uncontrolled terms:     Agricultural productions  - Android smartphone  - Diagnose  - Diagnosis methods  - Diagnosis systems  - Diagnostic expert system  - Image rules  - Plant diseases and insect pests Classification code:     461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering - 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922 Statistical Methods - 961 Systems Science
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.006
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
10.  
 
&database=1&yearselect=yearrange&sort=yr" title="Search Author">Yu, Lianyu1, 2  ; Cai, Huanjie1, 2  ; Yao, Fuqi3; Zheng, Zhen1, 2; Wang, Jian1, 2; Li, Zhijun1, 2 
Accession number:     20150700509829
Title:     Multiple moving objects tracking based on panoramic vision for autonomous navigation of agricultural vehicle
Authors:     Li, Shenghui1, 2  ; Tian, Guangzhao1; Ji, Changying1  ; Zhou, Jun1; Gu, Baoxing1; Wang, Haiqing1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China 
    2 Zijin College, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China 
Corresponding author:     Ji, Changying 
Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Area, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China 
    2 Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China 
    3 Scientific Academy of Yangtze River, Wuhan, China 
Corresponding author:     Cai, Huanjie 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     231-239
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Many linear or non-linear statistics models have been developed for the estimation of fractional vegetation coverage by using vegetation indices. However, as the disturbance by uncertainty factors such as various crop planting density and nitrogen application, vegetation indices are limited to monitor regional vegetation coverage. In this paper, vegetation indices inversion models of fraction vegetation coverage based on regression analysis method were established and evaluated by using observed hyperspectral reflectance and vegetation coverage data set of winter wheat in the year 2010-2011. Firstly, the empirical models' applicability (sensitivity, interannual stability and accuracy) were analyzed by using noise equivalent and model evaluation parameters. Simulation results indicated that there is a better result of using a second-order polynomial regression equation to describe relationships between vegetation indices NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation index), TSAVI (Transformed soil adjusted vegetation index) and fraction vegetation coverage. While vegetation indices MSAVI (Modified soil adjustment vegetation index) and EVI (Enhanced vegetation index) exhibited a linear relationship with various fraction vegetation coverage. Evaluation results showed that: the correlation coefficient of regressed evaluation equations between predicted and measured vegetation coverage (Fc) were a little lower than the former modeling equations. All the evaluation relationships were significant at p=0.01 confidence level, which indicated these vegetation indices inversion models seemed stable among years and could give simple but reliable estimate of fraction vegetation coverage in this region. Sensitivity analysis suggested that under low to medium coverage (0~60% Fc) conditions, if the local soil information was available, using TSAVI to estimate variation of vegetation coverage showed better performance. However, if there was no information on soil characteristics, NDVI could assure estimation accuracy of fraction vegetation coverage. When vegetation cover Fc>60%, MSAVI was suggested to be used for estimating vegetation coverage, which displayed better sensitivity, stability and accuracy. Then, the general linear model (GLM) was employed to analyze the residuals of empirical models under conditions of various planting densities and nitrogen application rates. The results were somewhat inspiring: under condition of adequate water supply, all four vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI, TSAVI, MSAVI) exhibited no sensitive to various planting densities and nitrogen application rates during the entire growth period of winter wheat. This means models based on these four vegetation indices may not require re-parameterization when apply to crops with different planting densities and nitrogen application rates. The regional winter wheat coverage could be directly estimated by using vegetation indices inversion models under the circumstances of abundant water supply. These findings provide a theoretical and technical support for the use of vegetation index to quickly and accurately estimate the regional vegetation coverage. However, as the regional land surface could be various and changeable, this paper could only explain the strength of vegetation indices inversion models for adequate water supply conditions, further studies are required for assessing vegetation indices method applicability in different crop intercropped and water and fertilizer coupling conditions.
Number of references:     39
Main heading:     Vegetation Controlled terms:     Crops  - Forestry  - Nitrogen  - Regression analysis  - Sensitivity analysis  - Soils  - Water supply Uncontrolled terms:     Enhanced vegetation index  - Nitrogen application rates  - Normalized difference vegetation index  - Planting density  - Regression analysis methods  - Vegetation coverage  - Vegetation index  - Winter wheat Classification code:     446.1 Water Supply Systems - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 921 Mathematics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.033
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
15.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509862
Title:     Comparison of winter wheat yield estimation by sequential assimilation of different spatio-temporal resolution remotely sensed LAI datasets
Authors:     Huang, Jianxi1  ; Li, Xinlu1; Liu, Diyou1; Ma, Hongyuan1; Tian, Liyan1; Su, Wei1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Huang, Jianxi 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     240-248
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Data assimilation method combines with remotely sensed data and crop growth model has become an important hotspot in crop yield forecasting. PyWOFOST model and remotely sensed LAI were respectively selected as the crop growth model and observations to construct a regional winter wheat yield forecasting scheme with EnKF algorithm. To eliminate cloud contamination, a Savitzky-Golay (S-G) filtering algorithm was applied to the MODIS LAI products to obtain filtered LAIs. Regression models between field-measured LAI and Landsat TM vegetation indices were established and multi-temporal TM LAIs was derived. The TM LAI with time series of MODIS LAI was integrated to generate scale-adjusted LAI. Compared the assimilation accuracy using these three different spatio-temporal resolution remotely sensed data, validation results demonstrated that assimilating the scale-adjusted LAI achieved the best prediction accuracy, in potential mode, the determination coefficient (R2) increased from 0.24 which without assimilation to 0.47 and RMSE decreased from 602 kg/hm2to 478 kg/hm2at county level compared to the official statistical yield data. Our results indicated that the scale adjustment between remotely sensed observation and crop model greatly improved the accuracy of winter wheat yield forecasting. The assimilation of remotely sensed data into crop growth model with EnKF can provide a reliable approach for regional crop yield estimation.
Number of references:     17
Main heading:     Crops Controlled terms:     Agriculture  - Forecasting  - Radiometers  - Regression analysis  - Remote sensing Uncontrolled terms:     Data assimilation  - Ensemble Kalman Filter  - Leaf Area Index  - Winter wheat  - Yield estimation Classification code:     731.1 Control Systems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.034
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
16.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509857
Title:     Characteristics of granulation technology of organic-inorganic granular-fertilizers by biohythane residue
Authors:     Wang, Yuxin1  ; Wang, Yue1; Liu, Zhidan1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Wang, Yuxin 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     200-206
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Taken biohythane residue of straw as materials, the granulation technology and fertilizer characterization of organic-inorganic granular-fertilizers were studied. The straw residue contained abundant materials such as lignin and cellulose, as well as poor viscosity. It needs to be added to the binder to increase the rate of grain of granular-fertilizers, instead of to be produced directly. While bentonite processed a wide source, low cost, excellent viscosity and expansibility, which could be used as a good soil conditioner. Besides, polyacrylamide (PAM) was a high viscosity water-soluble polymer, which could be used widely. In order to improve the physicochemical property of biohythane residue and reduce the cost of granular-fertilizer, these two binders were used to develop the granular experiment under the content of organic and nutrient for 18 formulas, which belonged to four groups. Though the comparisons of particle size, compressive strength, content of organic and total nutrient, pipe particles, water absorption, water retention and expansion, the technology and formula was optimized. The results showed that the range of particle size and compressive strength of biohythane residue respectively were (3.16±0.15)~(4.39±0.36) mm, and (6.82±0.59)~(42.95±4.78)N. Using the bentonite-PAM composite binder, T3 group, of which the content of organic and total nutrient could respectively reach up to 28.86% and 15.40%, can meet the requirement of national organic-inorganic fertilizer type I. T32 showed the best capacity of water retention among T3 group, and the water absorption, water retention, expansion rate achieved to 128%, 50% and 10.02%, respectively.
Number of references:     26
Main heading:     Water absorption Controlled terms:     Bentonite  - Binders  - Characterization  - Compressive strength  - Fertilizers  - Granulation  - Nutrients  - Particle size  - Polyacrylates  - Soil conditioners  - Viscosity Uncontrolled terms:     Abundant materials  - Biohythane  - Composite binders  - Granular fertilizers  - Granulation technology  - Physicochemical property  - Polyacrylamide(PAM)  - Watersoluble polymers Classification code:     421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 482.2 Minerals - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements - 951 Materials Science
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.029
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
17.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509859
Title:     Comprehensive evaluation on performance of preservation technologies for table grape based on multiple regressions
Authors:     Ma, Changyang1, 2  ; Zhang, Xiaoshuan1, 2; Zhu, Zhiqiang3; Mu, Weisong1, 2; Fu, Zetian1, 2   Author affiliation:     1 College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
    2 Food Quality and Safety Laboratory of Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
    3 National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products, Tianjin, China 
Corresponding author:     Fu, Zetian 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     216-223
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     The effect of preservation technologies on table grape was systematically analyzed and effect of six preservation technologies and controlled freezing-point storage was comprehensively compared and evaluated in the aspect of three indicators of the loss of table grape, i.e., berry shatter, rotting rate and weight loss based on multiple regression. The evaluation results showed that controlled atmosphere storage, preservative film, 1-MCP, SO2fumigation, the fresh-keeping agent CT-2 and simplified packet and controlled freezing-point storage can effectively reduce the loss of the fruit. The influence of controlled atmosphere storage, SO2and controlled freezing-point storage was more obvious in decreasing the three indicators of the loss of table grape. Controlled atmosphere storage and two fresh-keeping agents' impacts on the rate of rotting and weight loss of table grape were enhanced with the course of time. In addition, the loss of fruit would be increased by using overdose of fresh-keeping agents, while the preservatives on the fruit can be enhanced by SO2. The preservation performance of preservative film would be seen gradually over time but the effect was very weak; 1-MCP has few performance on fruit preservation but it can achieve better performance in rotting rate control of table grape.
Number of references:     18
Main heading:     Fruits Controlled terms:     Freezing  - Regression analysis  - Sulfur dioxide Uncontrolled terms:     Better performance  - Comprehensive evaluation  - Controlled atmosphere storage  - Evaluation  - Evaluation results  - Multiple regressions  - Preservation technologies  - Table grapes Classification code:     804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.031
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
18.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509865
Title:     Mobile terminal-oriented text to speech system for agriculture knowledge
Authors:     Li, Xinxing1  ; Chen, Yingyi1, 2; Li, Daoliang1, 2; Fu, Zetian1, 2; Zhang, Lingxian1, 2   Author affiliation:     1 College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
    2 Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Zhang, Lingxian 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     266-271 and 239
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     With the help of semantic processing of keyword in semantic retrieval technology, a mobile terminal-oriented text to speech system was designed for agriculture knowledge. The ambiguous phrase encountered in text segmentation were cutting by using semantic search technology which could converted agricultural text knowledge to smooth and natural voice, and popularized agricultural knowledge combining call center and mobile terminal technology. Firstly, the text analysis flow was analyzed, and the ambiguous phrase which was the key point of text to speech processing was confirmed. Based on this key point, the word segmentation dictionary was designed, and the ambiguous phrase was extracted based on the dictionary matching and statistical analysis. Secondly, the ambiguous phrase was processed based on semantic retrieval and the segmentation of ambiguous phrase was realized. Finally, the functions of speech synthesis and prosodic processing were realized with the software of Cool Edit Pro 2.0, and mobile terminal-oriented text to speech system was developed for agriculture knowledge which could effectively solve the problem of ambiguous phrase processing.
Number of references:     12
Main heading:     Speech Controlled terms:     Acoustic equipment  - Agriculture  - Computer terminals  - Mobile phones  - Mobile telecommunication systems  - Semantics  - Speech processing  - Speech synthesis Uncontrolled terms:     Ambiguous phrase  - Dictionary matching  - Mobile terminal  - Semantic processing  - Semantic search technologies  - Text to speech  - Text-to-speech system  - Word segmentation dictionaries Classification code:     716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 717 Optical Communication - 718 Telephone Systems and Related Technologies; Line Communications - 718.1 Telephone Systems and Equipment - 722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment - 751.5 Speech - 752.1 Acoustic Devices - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 903.2 Information Dissemination
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.037
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
19.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509876
Title:     Design and experiment on large-flow-rate electro-hydraulic control valve
Authors:     Man, Zaipeng1  ; Ding, Fan1  ; Liu, Shuo1; Deng, Minsheng1 Author affiliation:     1 State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 
Corresponding author:     Ding, Fan 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     345-351
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     A large-flow-rate electro-hydraulic control valve was designed by adopting pressure difference feedback rather than displacement feedback, the results of which was cost savings. Elliptical oil ports were designed to reduce the length and mass of the spool to improve the system response speed. For the fact that the response speed of hydraulic valve is affected by the throttling window, a system requiring large flow rate usually adopts large throttling window while a system requiring small flow rate usually adopts small throttling window. However, when the load of a system changes and leads to the change of the system flow rate demand, there is a trade-off between the system stability and speed. Mathematical model of the designed hydraulic control valve was established and simulation results showed that the adoption of composite throttling window could satisfy the demand of speediness in the case of large-flow-rate and the demand of stability in the case of small-flow-rate. And the maximum flow-rate and cut-off frequency of the valve was proved to be 417 L/min and 73 Hz. A prototype was manufactured and applied to hydraulic impulse testing systems for hose test, the result of which further verified the advantages of the hydraulic control valve.
Number of references:     22
Main heading:     Valves (mechanical) Controlled terms:     Economic and social effects  - Flow rate  - Hydraulic machinery  - Impulse testing  - Pressure control  - Safety valves  - System stability Uncontrolled terms:     Electro-hydraulic control valves  - Hydraulic control valves  - Hydraulic valves  - Large flow rate  - Maximum flow rate  - Pressure differences  - Small flow-rate  - System response speed Classification code:     413.1 Electric Insulating Materials - 601.2 Machine Components - 631 Fluid Flow - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 961 Systems Science - 971 Social Sciences
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.048
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
20.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509833
Title:     Identification of wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew using orientation coherence feature
Authors:     Guo, Qing1  ; Wang, Liwen1; Dong, Fangmin1  ; Nie, Chenwei2; Sun, Shuifa1; Wang, Jihua3 Author affiliation:     1 Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vision Based Monitoring for Hydroelectric Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China 
    2 Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China 
    3 Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Dong, Fangmin 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     26-34
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Stripe rust and powdery mildew are two kinds of the most destructive foliar diseases in wheat grown and have a significant impact on the production of wheat. They differ in the pathogenesis and prevention, so it is necessary to distinguish and identify the two diseases, which can help to improve the development of agricultural information technology and automation. For the problem that stripe rust and powdery mildew lesions are similar in color features, as well as the shape features are not obvious, it is difficult to distinguish each disease using traditional features. However, the spots of two diseases have a significant difference in the trend of the directional distribution of the leaves of wheat. With respect to this characteristic, this paper proposed an orientation coherence feature based on the directional kernel convolution (DKC) method, and applied this feature to the identification of stripe rust and powdery mildew. In detail, the DKC method used several directional kernels to convolve with image to generate direction maps and edge maps which were used to calculate the directional distribution histogram. Then, the standard deviation of the histogram was used to describe the consistency of the directional distribution in the image and regarded as an orientation coherence feature. The orientation coherence feature could be used to describe the orientation dispersion of disease. If the orientation coherence feature of a sample was large, the disease of the sample was more likely to be stripe rust. Otherwise, it is more likely to be powdery mildew. To verify the effectiveness and the noise-resistibility of proposed orientation coherence feature, two experiments were performed, and the results were compared with edge orientation histograms (EOH) based method. Firstly, the DKC and the EOH based orientation coherence feature were extracted for synthetic images with different noise levels. The results inferred that the noise had little effect on the DKC-based orientation coherence feature which could best describe the directional information of noise images than traditional method. Secondly, the experiment for identification of stripe rust from powdery mildew indicated that the proposed orientation coherence feature could distinct the wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew much better than EOH based feature, and the accuracy could be up to 99%. In addition, the proposed orientation coherence feature could be treated as a new description for other plant diseases and it provides a new idea for crop recognition and detection, which is important in the field of computer vision based technology for agriculture.
Number of references:     24
Main heading:     Fungi Controlled terms:     Agriculture  - Computer vision  - Feature extraction  - Graphic methods  - Plants (botany)  - Statistical methods Uncontrolled terms:     Agricultural informations  - Directional distributions  - Directional information  - Edge orientation histograms  - Lesion identifications  - Powdery mildew  - Stripe rust  - Wheat Classification code:     461.9 Biology - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.005
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
21.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509858
Title:     Status and trends of nondestructive detection technology for water-injected meat
Authors:     Huang, Yuping1  ; Chen, Guiyun1; Xia, Jianchun1; Yu, Haiming1   Author affiliation:     1 College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China 
Corresponding author:     Yu, Haiming 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     207-215
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Meat is one of the most important foods in people's daily life, its quality affects our health directly. In recent years, the adulteration incident of water-injected meat continues to occur. The safety issue of meat food has attracted the social attention, so the research of water-injected meat technology is necessary. The traditional inspection methods of water-injected meat were discussed and their disadvantages were analyzed. The nondestructive detection technology was a dominant means for water-injected meat quality detection and supervision system. Then authors summarized the research status and characteristics of four nondestructive testing methods (bioelectrical impedance, nuclear magnetic resonance, ultrasonic technology and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy) for moisture content of meat. The application of NIR spectroscopy technique for moisture content detection was specially described. The review indicated that NIR was an effective technique to detect moisture content of meat for it was more sensitive to water. The discussion also focused on future work to improve NIR ability to predict water-injected meat. In conclusion, the paper shows that NIR has a considerable potential to predict water-injected meat quality criteria.
Number of references:     83
Main heading:     Meats Controlled terms:     Infrared devices  - Moisture  - Moisture determination  - Near infrared spectroscopy  - Nondestructive examination  - Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy  - Testing  - Ultrasonic applications  - Ultrasonic testing Uncontrolled terms:     Bioelectrical impedance  - Content detection  - Inspection methods  - NIR spectroscopy  - Nondestructive detection  - Nondestructive testing method  - Supervision systems  - Ultrasonic technology Classification code:     421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 753.3 Ultrasonic Applications - 801.4 Physical Chemistry - 822.3 Food Products - 932.2 Nuclear Physics - 944.2 Moisture Measurements

DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.030
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
22.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509877
Title:     Hydraulic control system of 20T forging manipulator
Authors:     Li, Geqiang1  ; Jiang, Bing1; Zhou, Bin2; Ma, Shuye2; Yang, Shouqiang2 Author affiliation:     1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China 
    2 Anyang Forging-press Machinery Industry Corporation, Anyang, China 
Corresponding author:     Li, Geqiang 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     352-358
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     The forging manipulator was one of the important equipments in the automatic forging job. In order to design the 20T hydraulic forging manipulator with the performance characteristics of overload, high positioning accuracy and large inertia, the hydraulic control systems for the actuating mechanism of forging manipulator were designed. The hydraulic control systems consisted of driving system, clamp rotation system, parallel lifting system, horizontal buffer system, clamping system and lateral swing system. Mathematical models of manipulator's key control system (driving system and clamp rotation system) were improved. Based on Matlab/Simulink and AMESim co-simulation technology, simulation and analysis on the dynamic characteristics of driving system and clamp rotation system with fuzzy PID control algorithm were given. The experiments were taken to verify the system performance, and the results showed that the designs of the hydraulic system circuits were reasonable. The accuracy and rapidity of the forging manipulator control system were achieved. The real-time response and robust performance of the driving system and clamp rotation system with fuzzy control strategy are strong and stable.
Number of references:     13
Main heading:     Hydraulic machinery Controlled terms:     Algorithms  - Control systems  - Forging  - Fuzzy control  - Hydraulic equipment  - Manipulators  - MATLAB  - Rotation  - Testing  - Three term control systems Uncontrolled terms:     Dynamic characteristics  - Forging manipulator  - Fuzzy - pid controls  - Fuzzy control strategy  - Hydraulic control systems  - Performance characteristics  - Simulation  - Simulation and analysis Classification code:     423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 535.2.2 Metal Forming Practice - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 921 Mathematics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.049
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
23.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509868
Title:     Preliminary study on event model in cyber-physical systems for precision agriculture
Authors:     Nie, Juan1, 2  ; Sun, Ruizhi1  ; Cao, Zhenli3; Deng, Xuefeng1; Yang, Hao4 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 

    2 College of Computer and Information Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China 
    3 Yantai Academy, China Agricultural University, Yantai, China 
    4 The Capital Information Development Ltd., Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Sun, Ruizhi 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     285-291 and 314
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Cyber-physical systems have strict real-time and space constraints, and event driven is one of its important characteristics. In CPS, events are composed of the change of the physical environment and object state, which form the closed-loop process of events trigger, perception, decision-making, control, then to events, and ultimately change the physical state of the object. This paper outlines some preliminary exploration of spatial-temporal event model of CPS, and then make a further study. According to CPS' event-driven nature, spatial-temporal event model was described from time, space and observer, and established for major components of CPS based on the characteristics of precision agriculture (PA): the physical world, sensors, calculation (control) unit, actuators, and timer. Finally established spatial-temporal event model was validated by closed-loop process of sprinkler incident in precision agriculture, and it was proved that these events model can be used in PA. It turns out that spatial-temporal events in precision agriculture CPS are preliminarily discussed which lays the foundation for future research on event model applied to PA.
Number of references:     20
Main heading:     Embedded systems Controlled terms:     Agriculture  - Decision making  - Real time systems Uncontrolled terms:     Cyber physical systems (CPSs)  - Event model  - Physical environments  - Physical state  - Precision Agriculture  - Space constraints  - Spatial temporals  - Temporal characteristics Classification code:     722 Computer Systems and Equipment - 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 912.2 Management
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.040
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
24.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509837
Title:     Design and performance experiment on double-concave surface rocker type seed metering device
Authors:     Jia, Honglei1, 2  ; Zhao, Jiale1, 2; Guo, Mingzhuo1, 2; Jiang, Xinming1, 2; Guo, Hui1, 2; Jiang, Tiejun3 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China 
    2 College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China 
    3 Daqing Agricultural Machinery Technology Promotion Station, Daqing, China 
Corresponding author:     Jia, Honglei 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     60-65 and 72
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In order to meet the requirements of precision planting, a soybean seedmeter was designed, which can perform operations of seed filling, seed cleaning and seed metering, achieving high efficiency, high precision and low seed damage. The optimal design of structural parameters of the seed-taking block, the key part of the seedmeter, was conducted based on the analysis of the working principle of the double-concave seedmeter, which provided a theoretical basis for the design of high-speed and high-performance planters and variable adjustment of seeding rates by adjusting the rotational speed of the seedmeter. The quadratic general rotary unitized design was carried out with the rotational speed of the seedmeter and tilting angle of the seed-cleaning ring as the experimental factors and the single seed rate as the experimental index. Based on experimental data, a mathematical model was built by using the Design-Expert software. Test results showed that the optimal tilting angle of the cleaning ring was 65°, at which the single seed rate of over 95% can be ensured when the rotational speeds were less than 110 r/min.
Number of references:     20
Main heading:     Seed Controlled terms:     Cleaning  - Design  - Structural optimization Uncontrolled terms:     Double-concave seed-taking block  - Experimental factors  - Optimal tilting angles  - Performance experiment  - Seed metering devices  - Seedmeter  - Soybean  - Structural parameter Classification code:     408 Structural Design - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.009
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
25.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509849
Title:     Multiple timescale chaos identification of groundwater depth and subdivision of Jilin city based on 0-1 test
Authors:     Yan, Baizhong1  ; Xiao, Changlai1  ; Qiao, Yu1; Liang, Xiujuan1; Wei, Runchu2 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China 
    2 School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China 
Corresponding author:     Xiao, Changlai 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     138-147
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     The 0-1 test method is a new binary test approach which is used for distinguishing chaotic dynamics and applying directly to time series data without the phase space reconstruction. It was proved to be an effective test after test for chaos of Chebyshev map. The 0-1 test method was used to identify the degree and spatial distribution of chaos of 83 monitoring wells with multiple timescale (5, 10, 15 and 30 d) groundwater depth surveillance data series from 2001 to 2010 in Jilin city, northeast China. The results showed that multiple timescale groundwater depth surveillance data series of all monitoring wells were chaotic. The minimum K values of multiple timescale (5, 10, 15 and 30 d) groundwater depth surveillance data were 0.9673, 0.9720, 0.9210 and 0.8863, respectively, and the maximum K values were 0.9995, 0.9996, 0.9994 and 0.9992, respectively. In addition, the spatial interpolation of their asymptotic growth rate K showed significantly spatial variability. The highest and lowest K values were mainly occurred in northern, southern part and central urban areas of Jilin city, respectively. The chaos characteristic of groundwater level was influenced by hydrology, meteorology, geology and so on. The findings demonstrated that the 0-1 test method was effective and reliable by using chaotic inspection of the Chebyshev maps and it can be very useful for reflecting the degree of chaos which had a better guiding role for the forecast of groundwater level.
Number of references:     20
Main heading:     Groundwater resources Controlled terms:     Groundwater  - Monitoring  - Phase space methods  - Testing  - Wells Uncontrolled terms:     Chaos characteristics  - Ground water depths  - Jilin city  - Phase space reconstruction  - Spatial interpolation  - Spatial variability  - Surveillance data  - Time-scales Classification code:     423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 444.2 Groundwater - 512.2 Natural Gas Deposits - 921 Mathematics - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.021
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
26.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509854
Title:     Analysis on humification and carbonization characteristic of solid products from hydrothermal treated wheat straw
Authors:     Guo, Shuqing1  ; Dong, Xiangyuan1; Liu, Kaituo1 Author affiliation:     1 Department of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China 
Corresponding author:     Guo, Shuqing 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     180-184 and 199
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Hydrothermal treatment (HTT) is a promising process for conversing lignocellulosic biomass into solid fuel with higher carbon content. To investigate humification and carbonization characteristic of solid products from biomass HTT, the hydrothermal experiments were carried out in an autoclave using wheat-straw as raw materials at temperature 220. The residence time were set as 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min, respectively. The micro-structure and chemical composition of solid products were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The experimental results showed that the carbon content in the solid increased from 45.86% for 30 min to 49.06% for 180 min. There was a strong peak in the diffraction angle 2θ of 26° in the XRD spectrum at residence time 60 min. The microcrystalline structure of the solid approached to that of graphite. With the residence time increasing, the degree of aromatization and carbonization increased. The solid products contained numerous humus, had plenty of aromatic structure and oxygen functional groups. Longer residence time was favorable for raising the extent of carbonization of solid products during biomass HTT. The research results provided a data reference for the fundamental process control and improvements of hydrothermal carbonization of biomass.
Number of references:     21
Main heading:     Carbonization Controlled terms:     Biodegradation  - Biomass  - Carbon  - Chemical analysis  - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy  - Fuels  - Functional groups  - Soils  - Straw  - X ray diffraction Uncontrolled terms:     Fourier transform infrared  - Humification  - Hydrothermal carbonization  - Hydrothermal treatments  - Microcrystalline structures  - Oxygen functional groups  - Residence time  - Wheat straws Classification code:     445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 522 Gas Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 801 Chemistry - 801.2 Biochemistry - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 821.5 Agricultural Wastes - 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.026
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
27.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509851
Title:     Rapid detection of Azotobacter chroococcum concentration based on microfluidic chip
Authors:     Guo, Jianjiang1, 2  ; Zhang, Rongbiao1  ; Yang, Ning1; Xu, Peifeng1 Author affiliation:     1 School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China 
    2 School of Electronic Information and Electric Engineering, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, China 
Corresponding author:     Zhang, Rongbiao 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     155-159
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Aiming at the problem that the concentration detection of Azotobacter chroococcum in microbial fertilizer suffers from time-consuming and low automation level, a detecting method of Azotobacter chroococcum concentration based on microfluidic chip was proposed. A dedicated microfluidic chip with automatic sample injecting, dilution and cyclic voltammetry detection was designed, and the experiment platform based on microfluidic detection system was bulit. The optimum scan rate and feed rate of concentration detection in the microfluidic detection system were determined, and the performance index of the system was experimentally verified. Experiment results showed that, compared with plate counting method, the proposed method met the requirement of microbial fertilizer detection and realized rapid detection with increased automation.
Number of references:     12
Main heading:     Microfluidics Controlled terms:     Cyclic voltammetry  - Fertilizers  - Fluidic devices Uncontrolled terms:     Azotobacter chroococcum  - Concentration detections  - Detecting methods  - Experiment platforms  - Microfluidic chip  - Microfluidic detection  - Performance indices  - Rapid detection Classification code:     631 Fluid Flow - 732.1 Control Equipment - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 942.2 Electric Variables Measurements
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.023
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
28.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509866
Title:     Remote sensing monitoring and dynamic analysis of ponds based on object-oriented rules
Authors:     Han, Pengpeng1, 2  ; Huang, Jinliang1  ; Li, Rendong1; Wang, Lihui1; Hu, Yanxia1, 2; Huang, Wei1, 2 Author affiliation:     1 Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China 
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Huang, Jinliang 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     272-277
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     With the development of remote sensing technology, monitoring and dynamic analysis of ponds is becoming easier to obtain which is very important for regional LUCC research and water resource protection. Taking Honghu city in Jianghan plain as study area, the multi-scale segmentation was carried out based on object-oriented method according to the Landsat TM remote sensing data in 1990, 2000 and 2009.The spectral, space, texture features were used as well as the expert system was also combined for the extraction of ponds information. Remote sensing monitoring and spatial-temporal evolution analysis were carried out on the change of pond in Honghu city. The results showed that ponds area performed an increasing trend in the past 20 years. The increased ponds area in 1990-2000 and 2000-2009 were 306.53 km2and 379.69 km2, respectively. The increasing pond area decreased with increasing distance to lakes, and the increasing pond area usually changed from farm land, lakes and rivers. Object-oriented ponds information provides important reference data in monitoring region environment and resources.
Number of references:     21
Main heading:     Remote sensing Controlled terms:     Expert systems  - Lakes  - Ponding  - Ponds  - Space optics  - Water resources Uncontrolled terms:     Dynamic monitoring  - Multiscale segmentation  - Object oriented  - Object oriented method  - Remote sensing monitoring  - Remote sensing technology  - Spatial-temporal evolution  - Water resource protection Classification code:     402 Buildings and Towers - 407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 444 Water Resources - 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems - 723.4.1 Expert Systems - 731.1 Control Systems - 741.1 Light/Optics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.038
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
29.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509841
Title:     Control system for electric drive intra-row weeding
Authors:     Ma, Zenghong1  ; Li, Nan1; Wang, Hanbin1; Zhu, Chengbing1; Zhang, Junxiong1; Li, Wei1   Author affiliation:     1 Beijing Modern Agricultural Equipment Optimize Design Laboratory, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Li, Wei 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     89-93
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     According to the demand of mechanized weeding in greenhouse, an intra-row weeding control system with disc-hoe was designed for electric drive weeding machine. The system, with the MC9S12DG128 binuclear MCU at its core, was composed of three Hall sensors and one rotary encoder, signals of which were real-time input into the MCU. The MCU received real-time visual signal of upper computer (PC) through RS232 serial port, and had a real-time communication with lower computer (motor drivers) via CAN bus. With the real-time control of rotation rate and rotation angle of disc-hoe, the control system realized intra-row weeding and seedling avoidance. The experimental machine included three disc-hoe units, and one land wheel on either side. Then the machine was connected to a tractor by a previa three-point suspension. The test results in greenhouse showed that the wounded seedling rate was within 10%, when the forward speed was about 1.2 km/h.
Number of references:     10
Main heading:     Electric machine control Controlled terms:     Control systems  - Electric drives  - Greenhouses  - Hall effect transducers  - Real time control Uncontrolled terms:     Intra-row weeding  - Real-time communication  - Rotary encoder  - Rotation angles  - Rotation rate  - Upper computer  - Visual signals  - Weeding machines Classification code:     402.1 Industrial and Agricultural Buildings - 705 Electric Generators and Motors - 714 Electronic Components and Tubes - 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 732 Control Devices
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.013
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
30.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509840
Title:     Experiment and directional movement technology of corn seed based on electromagnetic vibration
Authors:     Wang, Yingbiao1, 2  ; Zhao, Xueguan1; Xu, Liming1  ; Li, Chao1; Lu, Xin1; Li, Shijun1 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant System Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
    2 School of Machinery and Transportation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China 
Corresponding author:     Xu, Liming 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     79-88
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     According to the principle of vibrating feeder, this paper proposed a method to achieve directional transportation for corn seed. It explored the relationship between the various postures of the change process and mechanical parameters during orientation. A directional vibration test device was established by kinetic analysis while the Zheng Dan 958 corn seed was taken as the research object. The orthogonal experiment was carried out with the factors affecting the rate of directional orientation such as step height A, inclination angle of track surface B, vibration amplitude C and vibration frequency D. The test results showed that the step height A and the inclination angle of track surface B and its interaction had extremely significant effect on seed orientation. The best test combination was determined by multiple comparison analysis. The result of the forward motion directional rate from repeating ten times was 93.5% and the reverse motion directional rate was 89.4% when the altitude difference was 4 mm, inclination angle was 4°, vibration frequency was 51.5 Hz, and vibration amplitude was 0.18 mm. The high speed photography was applied on the observation and verification for the direct and reverse motion test result, the analysis result showed that the actual state of motion was in keeping with the theoretical analysis basically.
Number of references:     10
Main heading:     Vibration analysis Controlled terms:     High speed photography  - Motion analysis Uncontrolled terms:     Corn seeds  - Directional movements  - Directional orientation  - Electromagnetic vibrations  - Mechanical parameters  - Orthogonal experiment  - Vibration amplitude  - Vibration frequency Classification code:     742.1 Photography - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.012
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
31.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509871
Title:     Prediction of stem diameter variations based on principal component regression
Authors:     Yun, Yuliang1, 2  ; Sheng, Wenyi1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
    2 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China 
Corresponding author:     Yun, Yuliang 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     306-314
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Among the various factors affecting the variation of plant stem diameter, meteorological conditions and soil water content are very important ones, besides natural growth. Soil water content together with four main meteorological parameters in greenhouse, including air temperature, relative humidity, pressure and photosynthetically active radiation, were selected for observing with four sunflower samples and two tomato samples at late stage of growth. Using part of the data measured from one sunflower sample, the principal component analysis was performed to set up a regression model. Data from sunflower samples and tomato samples were input to the model to predict the stem diameter variations of the sunflower samples and tomato samples and compared with the observed stem diameter variations. Comparison results showed that the regression model had a good prediction for the dynamics of stem diameter variations in sunflowers and tomatoes at late growth stage. The coefficients of determination in correlation analysis were above 0.6 and reached 0.649~0.782, while the root mean square errors were 0.029~0.143.
Number of references:     34
Main heading:     Principal component analysis Controlled terms:     Atmospheric temperature  - Dynamics  - Forecasting  - Fruits  - Mean square error  - Regression analysis  - Soil moisture Uncontrolled terms:     Correlation analysis  - Meteorological condition  - Meteorological parameters  - Photosynthetically active radiation  - Principal component regression  - Regression  - Root mean square errors  - Stem diameter Classification code:     443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.043
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
32.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509869
Title:     Error analysis on standing tree volume measurement by using electronic theodolites
Authors:     Cao, Zhong1  ; Gong, Yicheng2, 3; Feng, Zhongke1  ; Yu, Donghai1; Qi, Man1 Author affiliation:     1 Precision Forestry Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China 
    2 College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China 
    3 School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus; OH, United States 
Corresponding author:     Feng, Zhongke 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     292-298
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In traditional forestry works, the compilation of volume tables by cutting down trees and using analytic timber volume estimations is faced of problems such as large destruction, high costs and low efficiency. Therefore, an estimation method was proposed. First, diameter at breast height and ground diameter were manually measured. Then, the horizontal angles and zenith distances at corresponding trunk positions of live standing trees were measured by using the approximate division of analytic timber based on an electronic theodolite. Finally, the timber volume was estimated by simulating mean sectional division volume as per summation of conical frustum. The measured data of standing timber volumes from poplar in Beijing were used as true data for examination. The errors of timber measurement from electronic theodolites were theoretically analyzed according to error propagation laws. Based on the four grades of electronic theodolite precision classification in China: I (DJ1), II (DJ2), III (DJ6) and IV (DJ15), the errors and the limit errors of root mean square error (RMSE) during measurements of tree height and timber volume were computed. Moreover, the differences and applicability of electronic theodolites with different precision levels were analyzed. The results showed that because of error propagation and accumulation, the errors of timber volumes measured by electronic theodolites with the same precision were larger than the errors of tree height. When timbers with different sizes were measured by electronic theodolites of the same precision level, the errors slightly changed along with the size of timbers. With the increased standard deviation in angle measurements by electronic theodolites, the errors in forest measurement also increased. When the standard deviation of electronic theodolites was ±0.5″, the RMSEs in measurements of tree height and timber volume were ±6.550 0×10-2m and ±1.474×10-3m3, respectively, while the relative errors were 0.44% and 0.73%, respectively. When the standard deviation of electronic theodolites was ±15.0″, the RMSEs in measurements of tree height and timber volume were ±8.927 5×10-2m and ±4.385×10-3m3, respectively, while the relative errors were 0.60% and 2.14%, respectively. Therefore, the existing I~IV electronic theodolites applied into tree measurements all conform to the precision requirement that relative errors do not exceed 3%~5%, and satisfy the requirements of different forestry works.
Number of references:     17
Main heading:     Forestry Controlled terms:     Error analysis  - Errors  - Estimation  - Mean square error  - Measurement errors  - Statistics  - Timber  - Volume measurement Uncontrolled terms:     Approximate division  - Diameter-at-breast heights  - Electronic theodolite  - Error propagation  - Error propagation law  - Root mean square errors  - Standing tree volumes  - Tree height Classification code:     415.3 Wood Structural Materials - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 921 Mathematics - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 922 Statistical Methods - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.041
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
33.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509653
Title:     Optimization of multi-objective particle swarm algorithm based on multi-neighborhood cycle-chain structure
Authors:     Wang, Yahui1  ; Tang, Mingqi1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric, Zhengzhou, China 
Corresponding author:     Wang, Yahui 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     365-372 and 358
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In order to enhance the performance and convergence of multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm for multi-objective optimization, a multi-neighborhood cycle-chain structure of multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MNCS-MOPSO) was proposed. Firstly, the population was divided into many neighborhoods. The mutual overlaps were existed between the adjacent neighborhood, and updating strategy was used for different velocity and position aimed at particles of different positions. In addition, velocity control strategy was adopted for all particles and differential evolution strategy was introduced to make disturbance. Comparing with NSGA-II, SPEA2, MOEA/D-DE, SMPSO and OMOPSO by testing 14 unconstraint and 3 constrain benchmark functions, simulation experiments showed that the proposed algorithm could obtain a more uniform distribution of Pareto solution set, and better convergence as well as diversity than those state-of-the-art multi-objective metaheuristics. In order to verify the performance of MNCS-MOPSO algorithm, classical 72-bar truss sizing optimization problems were used to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this algorithm, and the results were compared with other optimization methods. The results indicate that the MNCS-MOPSO provides better performance in the diversity, the uniformity and the convergence of the obtained solution than other methods.
Number of references:     22
Main heading:     Multiobjective optimization Controlled terms:     Algorithms  - Chains  - Electric load dispatching  - Evolutionary algorithms  - Optimization  - Particle swarm optimization (PSO)  - Shape optimization  - Trusses  - Velocity control Uncontrolled terms:     Chain structure  - Control strategies  - Differential Evolution  - Particle swarm algorithm  - Truss structure Classification code:     408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 602.1 Mechanical Drives - 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731.3 Specific Variables Control - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.051
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
34.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509846
Title:     Detection system of heavy metals in soil based on electrochemistry and virtual instrument
Authors:     Wang, Zhiqiang1, 2  ; Wang, Hui2; Zhang, Zhihao2; Liu, Gang2  ; Yao, Yanzhi1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China 
    2 Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Liu, Gang 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     119-126
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     A detection system for rapid monitoring heavy metals in soil based on electrochemical and virtual instrument technology was developed. The ultrasonic-assistant extraction technique was used for rapid pretreatment of soil samples. Single use sensors bismuth film modified screen-printed electrodes coupled with differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) provided a rapid, accurate screening system for the simultaneous determination of cadmium and lead in soil. The control program, developed in LabView, was adopted as control kernel, by combining the MSP430 microcontroller, the potentiostat circuit, I/V conversion circuit, peristaltic pump and electromagnetic valve. This system realized the automatic measurement. The probability statistics algorithms and the standard addition method were employed to overcome the inherent measurement errors existed in real soil analysis and the system detection limits were 1.8 μg/L for cadmium and 2.6 μg/L for lead, respectively. Experimental results showed that the system possesses many advantages such as high precision, good reproducibility, high speed and low power consumption, which was suitable for rapid evaluation and measurement of heavy metals in soil.
Number of references:     22
Main heading:     Soil surveys Controlled terms:     Binary mixtures  - Cadmium  - Chemical detection  - Digital instruments  - Electrochemical electrodes  - Electrochemistry  - Electrodes  - Extraction  - Heavy metals  - Measurement errors  - Metals  - Soils  - Ultrasonic applications  - Voltage regulators  - Voltammetry Uncontrolled terms:     Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry  - Electrochemical  - Heavy metals detection  - Screen printed electrodes  - Simultaneous determinations  - Standard addition method  - Virtual instrument  - Virtual instrument technology Classification code:     483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 531 Metallurgy and Metallography - 549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals - 704.1 Electric Components - 732.1 Control Equipment - 753.3 Ultrasonic Applications - 801 Chemistry - 801.4.1 Electrochemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally -  922 Statistical Methods - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments

DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.018
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
35.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509835
Title:     Detection and recognition in security protection system for frozen food cutting bandsaw machine
Authors:     Liang, Dongtai1, 2  ; Chen, Wenming1; Pan, Xiaobin1, 2 Author affiliation:     1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China 
    2 Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Part Rolling Technology, Ningbo, China 
Corresponding author:     Liang, Dongtai 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     45-52
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In order to reduce the risk of causing harm to the hands of cutting workers in the processing of frozen-fish, the detection and recognition methods for security protection system of cutting machine based on machine vision were proposed. With the workspace of cutting bandsaw under the surveillance of the color camera, the machine vision system divided the surveillance image into different dangerous regions according to the center position of the bandsaw image, and performed image processing on the acquired surveillance images. To overcome the variance of illuminance on the operation gloves of workers, the perceptual color feature recognition method was combined with the Gaussian mixture model to classify the perceptual color features and identify the workers gloves. The final evaluation for which different dangerous regions the workers hands had entered could be given after morphological image processing and statistics from the resulting images. And the machine vision system for security protection of meat cutting bandsaw machine was implemented in the laboratory. The experimental results showed that the proposed perceptual color feature with GMM could accurately identify the color features of the gloves under the variance of illuminance. By comparing with the HSV and CIE Lab color space, the proposed detection and recognition methods could achieve good robustness and have low image processing time cost, averaging at 39.18 ms. And the proposed machine vision system could meet the needs of real-time and reliability for security protection system.
Number of references:     17
Main heading:     Computer vision Controlled terms:     Color  - Color image processing  - Cutting  - Image processing  - Lighting  - Machinery  - Monitoring  - Security systems Uncontrolled terms:     Bandsaw  - Color detection  - GMM  - Process theory  - Security protection systems Classification code:     601 Mechanical Design - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 707 Illuminating Engineering - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments

DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.007
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
36.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509870
Title:     Study on stem form index based on non-destructive precision measurement through electronic theodolite
Authors:     Gao, Xiang1  ; Feng, Zhongke1  ; Wang, Zhichao2; Xu, Weiheng3; Cao, Zhong1; He, Tengfei1 Author affiliation:     1 Precision Forestry Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China 
    2 Department of Earth Observation, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany 
    3 Computer and Information Institute, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China 
Corresponding author:     Feng, Zhongke 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     299-305
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Upper diameter data is difficult to obtain and the trunk segment boundaries are difficult to determine accurately by using traditional stem form index research method. To solve the above problems, a method based on stumpage non-destructive accurate measurement technique by using the electronic theodolite was proposed. 198 larches were selected as samples and each one was divided into ten equal segments. Relative stem shape index of all segments were calculated. Firstly, significant differences between those relative segments were found by using variance analysis method. Subsequently, a tree could be aggregated with 2~10 trunk segments by using cluster analysis. In order to acquire the optimal quantity of segments for volume calculation, all statistical combination was tested by comparison of relative stem form index and volumes observed using electronic theodolites. The results showed that the optimal quantity of segment was obtained when the stem was divided into three segments, average relative stem form indexes for each segment (corresponding to height) were: 4.295(H0.0~H0.1), 1.524(H0.1~H0.4), 1.670(H0.4~H1.0), where H is the total height of a tree. Those parameters could be quantitatively described as trunk-shaped boundary. Thus a tree volume could be accurately measured by just measuring diameters at the corresponding height, which could effectively reduce the labor consumption on field survey and related researches.
Number of references:     16
Main heading:     Forestry Controlled terms:     Cluster analysis Uncontrolled terms:     Accurate measurement  - Electronic theodolite  - Precision measurement  - research methods  - Stem shape  - Stumpage  - Variance analysis methods  - Volume calculation Classification code:     723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 922 Statistical Methods
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.042
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
37.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509853
Title:     Progress in production of high-quality hydrocarbon fuels from biomass
Authors:     Zhang, Qi1, 2  ; Ma, Longlong1, 2  ; Zhang, Xinghua1, 2 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China 
    2 Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China 
Corresponding author:     Ma, Longlong 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     170-179
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     The research progresses in conversion of all-components of biomass to high-valued hydrocarbons (gasoline and jet fuel) were summarized. In the upgrading of bio-oil, the research progress for olefins and aromatics production via catalytic cracking of bio-oil and hydrocarbon fuels production via hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil were introduced. In the use of carbohydrate, the process routes and technical principles for the synthesis of C5/C6 and C8~C15 alkanes from cellulose and hemicelluloses via hydrolysis monosaccharide were introduced, and typical catalysts were enumerated. In the use of lignin, the new progress for production of single ring phenolic compounds from lignin via catalytic depolymerization and the production of hydrocarbon fuels from single ring phenolics via hydrodeoxygenation were introduced. Meanwhile, the existing problems in the process of catalytic conversion were pointed out. For example, large amounts of H2were needed for the production of hydrocarbon fuels from biomass. This would increase the cost of hydrocarbon fuel due to the high price of H2. In addition, catalyst used in the process of biomass-refining usually deactivates rapidly since that the formation of coke. So, it is important to make the reaction conditions mild to avoid the formation of coke, extending the life time of the catalyst.
Number of references:     75
Main heading:     Hydrocarbons Controlled terms:     Biofuels  - Biomass  - Catalysts  - Catalytic cracking  - Cellulose  - Fuels  - Hydrocarbon refining  - Lignin  - Oil shale  - Synthesis (chemical) Uncontrolled terms:     Catalytic conversion  - Catalytic depolymerization  - Cellulose and hemicellulose  - Hemicelluloses  - Hydrocarbon fuel  - Hydrodeoxygenation  - Reaction conditions  - Technical principle Classification code:     512.1 Petroleum Deposits - 522 Gas Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.025
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
38.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509856
Title:     Effects of exogenous microorganisms on fermentation efficiency of Sophora flavescens branches for substrate production
Authors:     Feng, Haiping1  ; Qu, Jisong1  ; Yang, Dongyan1; Zhang, Lijuan1; Guo, Wenzhong2 Author affiliation:     1 Institute of Germplasm Resources, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Yinchuan, China 
    2 National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Qu, Jisong 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     192-199
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     The study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous microorganisms on fermentation efficiency of Sophora flavescens branches for substrate production. The randomized block design was used with dried chicken manure as the nitrogen source. The effects of exogenous microorganisms on fermentation performance parameters of Sophora flavescens branches in substrate production were studied. The results showed that the vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation, which had a persistent high temperature (higher than 50 and reached to 5 d) and a shorter body decomposition time of Sophora flavescens, had a significant temperature increasing speed which faster than CK. At the end of the pile, for the vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation, the TOC decreased by 8.52% and 8.01%, C/N ratio decreased by 5.35% and 5.00%, content of cellulose decreased by 3.31% and 3.29%, degradation rate of hemicellulose decreased by 2.89% and 2.93%, lignin content decreased by 2.01% and 1.98%, total nitrogen increased by 16.1% and 18.2%, total phosphorus increased by 18.5% and 19.0%, total potassium increased by 49.1% and 48.1%, respectively, which accelerated the decomposition of organic matter and cellulose, improved the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium and ensured the fertility after maturity. Moreover, with the vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation, the pile density increased by 6.10% and 9.20%, the total porosity increased by 9.28% and 9.90%, the water holding porosity increased by 4.83% and 6.09%, respectively. After the maturity, the physical and chemical indicators were in line with the requirements of an ideal matrix. The germination index (GI) of cabbage and cucumber seed were up to more than 85%, eliminating the toxic effects of Sophora decomposing products effectively. There was no significant difference between the performance parameters of vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation. Considering the demanding of fermentation temperature, decomposition cycle, crop protected plant root growth and fixed function of the physicochemical properties, the vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation had a good promoting effect on Sophora flavescens substrate.
Number of references:     24
Main heading:     Substrates Controlled terms:     Bacteria  - Cellulose  - Decomposition  - Degradation  - Enzymes  - Fermentation  - Fibers  - Indicators (chemical)  - Microbiology  - Microorganisms  - Nitrogen  - Phosphorus  - Piles  - Porosity  - Potassium  - Seed  - Vaccines Uncontrolled terms:     Degrading bacteria  - Fermentation efficiency  - Fermentation performance  - Fermentation temperature  - Maturity indices  - Performance parameters  - Physicochemical property  - Sophora flavescens Classification code:     408.2 Structural Members and Shapes - 461 Bioengineering and Biology - 549.1 Alkali Metals - 801 Chemistry - 801.2 Biochemistry - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 804.1 Organic Compounds - 812 Ceramics, Refractories and Glass - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers - 817 Plastics and Other Polymers: Products and Applications - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.028
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
39.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509852
Title:     Research on salt movement law in jujube root zone under indirect subsurface drip irrigation
Authors:     Sun, Sanmin1  ; An, Qiaoxia1; Cai, Huanjie2  ; Yao, Baolin1; Qiao, Ying3 Author affiliation:     1 College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering, Tarim University, Alaer, China 
    2 Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shannxi, China 
    3 Akesu Finance Bureau, Akesu, China 
Corresponding author:     Cai, Huanjie 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     160-169
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In order to study transport and distribution characteristics of soil salinity under indirect subsurface drip irrigation, a field experiment was designed to analyze salt distribution characteristics and the effect of water-conducting device diameter (50, 75, 90 mm) and irrigation quantity (9, 13, 17 L/plant per time) on salt transportation in jujube root zone under indirect subsurface drip irrigation. The results showed that soil salt content of 10~40 cm soil layer was relatively low, and soil salt content of 0~10 cm soil layer was the highest in vertical direction, while soil salt content of each soil layer showed a increasing trend with the increase of distance from the outlet in horizontal direction under treatments after a period of time. After a single irrigation, desalination rate of each soil layer increased with the increase of irrigation quantity under a certain water-conducting device diameter. Desalination rate decreased with the increase of water-conducting device diameter in 10~40 cm soil layer under a certain irrigation quantity, while desalination rates in 0~10 cm and 40~50 cm soil layer had a trend of “low-high-low” with the increase of water-conducting device diameter. Soil salt content in 0~50 cm soil layer was relatively low when water-conducting device diameter was 75mm, irrigation quantity was respectively 13 and 17 L/plant from July to September, while soil salt content varied little. As a result, water-conducting device diameter was 75 mm, and irrigation quantity was 13 L/pant, which was the suitable treatment that determined with consideration of the factors of water-saving and restraining salt. The research results had a theoretical support for the water-salt regulation and reasonable irrigation schedule in jujube field in southern Xinjiang.
Number of references:     28
Main heading:     Soil surveys Controlled terms:     Desalination  - Irrigation  - Soils  - Subirrigation  - Water conservation Uncontrolled terms:     Distribution characteristics  - Field experiment  - Irrigation schedule  - Jujube  - Research results  - Soil salt content  - Subsurface drip irrigation  - Vertical direction Classification code:     444 Water Resources - 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 821.3 Agricultural Methods
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.024
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
40.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509867
Title:     Classifications of agricultural land use based on high-spatial resolution ZY1-02C remote sensing images
Authors:     Lin, Nan1, 2  ; Jiang, Qigang1; Yang, Jiajia3  ; Chen, Yongliang4; Ma, Yue1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China 
    2 College of Surveying and Prospecting Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, China 
    3 Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Shenyang, China 
    4 Mineral Resources Prediction Institute of Comprehensive Information, Jilin University, Changchun, China 
Corresponding author:     Yang, Jiajia 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     278-284
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Applying the good nonlinear classification ability of the least squares support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, this paper conduced the classification of land use in agricultural district from the high-spatial resolution ZY1-02C remote sensing images, which was based on the SVM method integrating information of shape and texture. It shows that the high-spatial resolution ZY1-02C data can realize land classification quickly and effectively, and the classification accuracy is increased by adding the feature information. The least squares SVM classification results were ideal, the overall accuracy was 82.53%, and the Kappa coefficient was 0.8071. It has higher accuracy than traditional method and provides a feasible method for the classification of land use based on domestic high-spatial resolution satellite.
Number of references:     22
Main heading:     Classification (of information) Controlled terms:     Agricultural machinery  - Agriculture  - Algorithms  - Image reconstruction  - Image resolution  - Land use  - Least squares approximations  - Remote sensing  - Support vector machines Uncontrolled terms:     Agricultural land  - Classification accuracy  - High spatial resolution  - Integrating information  - Least square support vector machines  - Least squares support vector machines  - Nonlinear classification  - ZY1-02C Classification code:     403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development - 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 742 Cameras and Photography - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 921.6 Numerical Methods
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.039
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
41.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509875
Title:     Effect of combustion chamber's shape of CNG engine on air flow and combustion characteristic
Authors:     Jiang, Bing1  ; Wu, Zhaohui1; He, Yuntang2 Author affiliation:     1 Department of Mechanism and Electricity, Taiyuan University, Taiyuan, China 
    2 China Automotive Technology and Research Center, Tianjin, China 
Corresponding author:     Jiang, Bing 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     338-344
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In order to improve character of combustion of CNG engine, basing on type 6105 turbine charge CNG engine, the air flow in the cylinder and its combustion characteristic affected by different combustion chamber's shape were simulated numerically. The result shows that the shape of combustion chamber plays an important role in the squish formation and combustion process. The contracted cave type combustion shape (chamber C) had much stronger squish and longer term period lasting compared with the others. The flame propagation velocity could be increased and the best combustion performance could be got. But the thermal load near igniter plug and the mass fraction of NOxproduced during combustion in chamber C was higher. On the contrary, open cave type combustion (chamber B) had much weaker squish and slower flame propagation velocity. The worst combustion performance would be got. The situation of air flow in the cylinder and its combustion performance of vertical cave type combustion shape (chamber A) was between chamber C's and chamber B's. The suitable flame propagation velocity and good combustion performance could be got. And the thermal load near igniter plug and the mass fraction of NOxproduced during combustion could be reduced. It was a suitable combustion chamber for CNG engine.
Number of references:     23
Main heading:     Engine cylinders Controlled terms:     Air  - Caves  - Combustion  - Combustion chambers  - Engines  - Flammability  - Thermal load  - Velocity Uncontrolled terms:     Air flow  - CNG engine  - Combustion characteristics  - Combustion performance  - Combustion pro-cess  - Flame propagation velocity  - Mass fraction Classification code:     481.1 Geology - 521.1 Fuel Combustion - 521.4 Flame Research - 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components - 643.1 Space Heating - 654.2 Rocket Engines - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.047
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
42.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509832
Title:     A deep learning network for recognizing fruit pathologic images based on flexible momentum
Authors:     Tan, Wenxue1, 2  ; Zhao, Chunjiang3  ; Wu, Huarui3; Gao, Ronghua3 Author affiliation:     1 College of Computer Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China 
    2 College of Computer Science and Technology, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China 
    3 Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Zhao, Chunjiang 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     20-25
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Agricultural internet of things (IOT) and sensor technology has been widely used in the informationalized and mechanized orchard. The research aimed at both constructing an automatic-assistant diagnosis and a real-time alerting for plant disease and insect pest. The purpose also covered to realize an unmanned pest-disease monitoring and to release some human interaction in making a diagnosis. A method for pathologic image recognition-diagnosis based on deep learning neural network was designed and an innovative method for updating free parameters of the network was proposed on the basis of analyzing the error propagation of the network, so-called the gradient descendent with flexible momentum. Then, computer recognizing pathologic images of fruit sphere was researched into systematically, where the apple was selected as a subject. Experiment result revealed the method manifested a recall rate at 98.4%. And in parallel with several well-known updating schemes based momentum, the proposal was able to obviously improve the accuracy of learning network with a flatter converging curve, at a cost of short converging time. The test upon the several popular benchmark data-sets also demonstrated it could perform an effective recognition on the image pattern.
Number of references:     15
Main heading:     Diagnosis Controlled terms:     Fruits  - Image recognition  - Learning systems  - Momentum  - Pathology Uncontrolled terms:     Deep learning  - Disease monitoring  - Human interactions  - Innovative method  - Insect pest  - Internet of Things (IOT)  - Pathological images  - Sensor technologies Classification code:     461.4 Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering - 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.004
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
43.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509864
Title:     Estimation of wheat leaf SPAD value using RF algorithmic model and remote sensing data
Authors:     Wang, Liai1  ; Ma, Chang1; Zhou, Xudong2; Zi, Yan1; Zhu, Xinkai1; Guo, Wenshan1   Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China 
    2 College of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China 
Corresponding author:     Guo, Wenshan 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     259-265
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     As one of the machine learning algorithms, random forest (RF) regression was proposed firstly to construct remote sensing monitoring model to inverse leaf SPAD value in different growth stages of wheat. The experiment was carried out during 2010-2013 in Jiangsu province. Based on the wheat leaves and synchronous China's domestic HJ-CCD multi-spectral data in the jointing stage, the booting stage and the anthesis stage respectively, the relationships between SPAD and eight vegetation indices were analyzed at corresponding period. According to the selected vegetation indices which were significantly related to the leaf SPAD value in the 0.01 level, the model for estimating leaf SPAD value at each period was built by using RF algorithm, namely the RF-SPAD model. At the corresponding period, SVR-SPAD model which was based on the support vector regression (SVR) and BP-SPAD model which was based on the back propagation (BP) neural network were constructed as compared models. SVR and BP neural network were both machine learning algorithms. Based on R2and RMSE, the learning abilities and generalization abilities of three models at each period were analyzed. The results showed that the RF-SPAD model at three stages presented the strongest learning ability, which its R2was the highest as well as RMSE was the lowest, concretely, R2and RMSE were 0.89 and 1.54 in jointing stage, 0.85 and 1.49 in booting stage and 0.80 and 1.71 in anthesis stage respectively. RF-SPAD model's prediction ability was equal to or higher than the reference models which R2and RMSE were 0.55 and 2.11 in jointing stage, 0.72 and 2.20 in booting stage, 0.60 and 3.16 in anthesis stage respectively.
Number of references:     24
Main heading:     Learning algorithms Controlled terms:     Algorithms  - Artificial intelligence  - Backpropagation  - Decision trees  - Learning systems  - Neural networks  - Regression analysis  - Remote sensing  - Vegetation Uncontrolled terms:     BP neural networks  - Random forest algorithm  - SPAD  - Support vector regression (SVR)  - Wheat leaf Classification code:     723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 731.1 Control Systems - 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control - 922 Statistical Methods - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 961 Systems Science
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.036
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
44.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509843
Title:     Performance analysis and operational parameters optimization of deposition chamber to clean super rice in stripper combine harvester
Authors:     Jiang, Enchen1  ; Sun, Zhanfeng1; Pan, Zhiyang1; Wang, Lijun1   Author affiliation:     1 College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China 
Corresponding author:     Wang, Lijun 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     100-105
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     4ZTL-2000 rice stripper combine harvester with air suction is a feasible machine for the harvesting of super rice. Deposition chamber is a key part of combine harvester. In order to obtain the outstanding performance and optimal parameters of the deposition chamber to clean super rice, quadratic orthogonal rotational combinational design was conducted. The factors were selected as inlet airflow velocity of the deposition chamber, mass and velocity of grain fed. Cleaning rate of grain and airflow pressure drop in the deposition chamber were objective indexes. The regression models between indexes and factors were developed by using Design-Expert software. The interactions of factors on the indexes were analyzed by the response surface method. The results show that inlet airflow velocity of the deposition chamber has the most significant effect on the indexes of the chamber, followed by velocity of grain fed, then mass of grain fed. In order to make the deposition chamber reach optimum performance to clean super rice under the mass of grain fed of 3.78 kg/s in combine harvester, factors in the regression mathematical models were optimized to obtain the optimal parameters as inlet airflow velocity of deposition chamber of 13.93 m/s, velocity of grain fed of 18.84 m/s with cleaning rate of grain out of the deposition chamber of 90.26% and airflow pressure drop in the deposition chamber of 350.36 Pa. The verified experimental results were that cleaning rate of grain out of the deposition chamber of 90.1% and airflow pressure drop in the deposition chamber of 348.3 Pa, which were consistent with the optimized results. The results offer the information to improve the performance of the deposition chamber to clean super rice in stripper combine harvester.
Number of references:     15
Main heading:     Grain (agricultural product) Controlled terms:     Air  - Cleaning  - Deposition  - Drops  - Harvesters  - Pressure drop  - Regression analysis  - Velocity Uncontrolled terms:     Combine harvesters  - Deposition chambers  - Operational parameters  - Orthogonal experiment  - Super rice Classification code:     802.3 Chemical Operations - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 931.1 Mechanics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.015
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
45.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509831
Title:     ANN model for apple yield estimation based on feature of tree image
Authors:     Cheng, Hong1, 2  ; Damerow, Lutz3; Blanke, Michael3; Sun, Yurui1  ; Cheng, Qiang1 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 
    2 College of Information Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China 
    3 Institute of Agricultural Engineering, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany 
Corresponding author:     Sun, Yurui 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     14-19
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     In order to estimate apple yield in orchard automatically, a yield estimation method was presented which combined image processing and back-propagation neural network (BPNN) based on the information of leaves and apples in the tree. Firstly, digital images of apple trees were acquired, including half-ripe apples (the apple just turned red) and ripe apples (the apple totally turned red). The actual yield of each tree was weighted in harvest time. Secondly, the fruits and leaves on the image of apple tree were identified. Some useful parameters were extracted from data which were used as input variables, and the actual yield was set as output variable. Finally, BPNN estimation yield model was built and the fitting degrees of this model were 0.9287 and 0.9804 for the half-ripe apples and ripe apples, respectively. When this model was applied on samples for yield estimation, the correlation coefficient between model and actual was 0.8766 in the half-ripe ones and 0.9606 in the ripe ones. The results indicated that both the two models had good reliability and generalization performance. It concluded that the method presented has substantial potential for apple yield estimation.
Number of references:     14
Main heading:     Fruits Controlled terms:     Backpropagation  - Forestry  - Image processing  - Neural networks Uncontrolled terms:     Apple  - Back-propagation neural networks  - Combined images  - Correlation coefficient  - Generalization performance  - Image  - Output variables  - Yield estimation Classification code:     723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 741 Light, Optics and Optical Devices - 821.0 Woodlands and Forestry - 821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.003
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
46.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509878
Title:     Equal strength optimal design of planetary gear transmission
Authors:     Jiao, Wanming1  ; Yang, Jue1; Ma, Fei1  ; Zhang, Wenming1 Author affiliation:     1 School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Ma, Fei 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     359-364 and 378
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Generally, the gear parameters of planetary vehicle transmission are got by the empirical design method. Some gears are damaged early because of low strength, as well as big structure size because of high strength in use. In this paper, the equal strength and minimum volume of the gear box planetary gears were regarded as optimization objective, and the assemble conditions were thought of optimization constraint. The gear parameters were obtained after calculation. Then planetary gears were analyzed by using ROMAX and the maximum of fatigue stress and fatigue life was obtained. The simulation and experiment result shows that some weak strength gears are enhanced and the whole strength is increased. The maximum gear contact stress is reduced from 1118 MPa to 932 MPa. The stress of all gears is more balanced and the difference of contact stress is decreased from 368 MPa to 193 MPa. The difference of gears figure life is shrunk from 15770.2 h to 9158.8 h compared to the conventional design gear life. The overall volume is reduced by 8.38%. The result is consistent with the optimization target.
Number of references:     13
Main heading:     Vehicle transmissions Controlled terms:     Design  - Fatigue of materials  - Gears  - Power transmission  - Vehicles Uncontrolled terms:     Conventional design  - Empirical design  - Equal strengths  - Minimum volumes  - Optimal design  - Planetary gear transmission  - Planetary Gears  - Structure sizes Classification code:     408 Structural Design - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 432 Highway Transportation - 601.2 Machine Components - 602.2 Mechanical Transmissions - 951 Materials Science
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.050
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
47.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509872
Title:     Time-frequency characteristics of acoustic signal in gas flowing process of effervescent spray nozzle
Authors:     Sun, Chunhua1  ; Ning, Zhi1; Lü, Ming1; Yan, Kai1; Fu, Juan1 Author affiliation:     1 College of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Sun, Chunhua 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     315-322
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     Adaptive optimal kernel (AOK) and Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) marginal spectrum methods were introduced to process acoustic signals from effervescent atomizer. The time-frequency results reflected the information of bubble pressure, bubble size and gas-liquid mass ratio fluctuation which had significant impacts on spray. The experimental results showed that the outflow moment of bubble could be accurately captured by AOK time-frequency spectrum, and the pulsation of amplitude could reflect the gas-liquid mass ratio fluctuation. The Hilbert marginal spectrum power was concentrated in a short frequency range. The power-frequency distribution was affected by gas-liquid pressure and gas-liquid mixture form. The Hilbert marginal spectrum power was symmetric with the center frequency which was positively correlated with bubble pressure, but little correlated with bubble size. Time-frequency analysis of acoustic signals from effervescent atomizer provides a new tactics for further study of the mechanism for effervescent atomization.
Number of references:     17
Main heading:     Spray nozzles Controlled terms:     Acoustic signal processing  - Acoustic waves  - Atomizers  - Gases  - Liquids  - Mathematical transformations Uncontrolled terms:     Acoustic signals  - Adaptive optimal kernels  - Bubble  - Effervescent atomization  - Gas liquid flows  - Hilbert Huang transforms  - Hilbert marginal spectrum  - Time frequency characteristics Classification code:     631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics - 751 Acoustics, Noise. Sound - 751.1 Acoustic Waves - 921.3 Mathematical Transformations - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.044
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
48.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509855
Title:     Effect of reaction conditions on mass transfer performance of CO2absorption by monoethanolamine solution for biogas purification
Authors:     Li, Hu1  ; Liu, Yingshu1, 2  ; Zhang, Hui1, 2; Jiao, Lulu1; Li, Haoyan1 Author affiliation:     1 School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China 
    2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China 
Corresponding author:     Liu, Yingshu 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     185-191
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     The removal of CO2with aqueous alkanolamine solutions is an important research direction in the field of biogas purification technology, and the research on the kinetics and mass transfer performance of the CO2absorption is the mainly theoretical basis of optimizing biogas purification process. In the process of using monoethanolamine (MEA) aqueous solution, the Hatta number Ha, enhancement factor E and volumetric overall mass transfer coefficient KGaewere studied experimentally at various reaction conditions, such as MEA concentration, gas flow rate, CO2concentration, and absorption temperature. Furthermore, the impact on the mass transfer performance of reaction and the premise of applying the pseudo-first-order reaction were also analyzed. The results show that the values of Ha, E and KGaeincrease with increasing MEA concentration but decrease with increasing CO2concentration. When the gas flow rate is increased, Ha and E decrease, while KGaeinitially increase and then decrease. The above parameters increase with increasing absorption temperature, and KGaegradually decrease when the temperature is higher than 57.4. Under the experimental conditions, only when the absorbent concentration is higher than 2.5 mol/L or the gas flow rate is lower than 5.73 kmol/(m2?h), the reaction of MEA and CO2can be described as a pseudo-first-order reaction. The results can provide a reference for the optimization and development of biogas purification technology.
Number of references:     24
Main heading:     Mass transfer Controlled terms:     Atmospheric composition  - Biogas  - Carbon dioxide  - Ethanolamines  - Flow of gases  - Flow rate  - Gas absorption  - Purification Uncontrolled terms:     Biogas purifications  - Enhancement factor  - Hatter number  - Kinetics and mass transfers  - Mass transfer performance  - Monoethanolamine  - Pseudo-first order reactions  - Volumetric overall mass transfer coefficient Classification code:     522 Gas Fuels - 631 Fluid Flow - 631.1.2 Gas Dynamics - 641.3 Mass Transfer - 801 Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.2 Inorganic Compounds

DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.027
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
49.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509873
Title:     Effects of fuel flow rate and burner nozzle diameter on small flame characteristics in confined space
Authors:     Gan, Yunhua1, 2  ; Luo, Yanlai1, 2; Tian, Zhonghua1, 2 Author affiliation:     1 School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China 
    2 Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, Guangzhou, China 
Corresponding author:     Gan, Yunhua 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     323-328
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     A small scale ceramic tube was used as a combustor nozzle, and a coaxial jet ethanol flame was established in the confined space between the ceramic tube and the quartz glass tube. The fuel flow rates were 0~2.1 mL/h, and the ceramic tubes with inner diameters of 1.0 mm and 0.6 mm. The small jet flame characteristics were analyzed, while some relevant characteristic parameters were discussed. Some important parameters were selected, including high temperature droplet evaporation rate, normalized heat loss, and quenching diameter. Based on these, the effects of the fuel flow rate and the nozzle inner diameter on flame characteristics, including stabilities, flame temperature and flame shape, in the confined space were investigated experimentally and numerically. When the liquid ethanol flow increased from zero, the change process went through five stages and the flame temperature increased. When the burner nozzle diameter was reduced, the flame became smaller. The results showed that fuel flow and nozzle diameter played an important role in fuel evaporation and combustion process. In the stable combustion stage, overall fuel evaporation, flame temperature and height all increase with the increasing of the fuel flow rate, resulting in flame ignition difficulty in low flow rate and flame oscillation in high flow rate. Normalized heat loss increases, flame temperature and height both decrease due to the diminishment of the nozzle diameter and it would affect the flame stability. Properly adjusting the fuel flow rate and the burner nozzle diameter is helpful to enhance the flame stability.
Number of references:     15
Main heading:     Combustion Controlled terms:     Ceramic materials  - Ethanol  - Evaporation  - Flow rate  - Fuels  - Heat losses  - Ignition  - Nozzles  - Oscillating flow  - Polysulfones  - Quartz  - Thermodynamic stability  - Tubes (components) Uncontrolled terms:     Combustion pro-cess  - Confined space  - Droplet evaporation  - Flame characteristics  - Flame oscillations  - Flame temperatures  - Fuel evaporation  - Micro combustion Classification code:     482.2 Minerals - 521.1 Fuel Combustion - 522 Gas Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 616.1 Heat Exchange Equipment and Components - 631 Fluid Flow - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 641.1 Thermodynamics - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 812.1 Ceramics - 815.1.1 Organic Polymers
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.045
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
50.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509844
Title:     Monitoring mathematical model of grain cleaning losses on longitudinal-axial flow combine harvester
Authors:     Liang, Zhenwei1  ; Li, Yaoming1  ; Zhao, Zhan1; Xu, Lizhang1; Tang, Zhong1 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China 
Corresponding author:     Li, Yaoming 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     106-111
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     With the recent advances in sensors, electronics and computational processing power, automated technologies for combine harvesters have been made possible in part and there is an urgent need to develop a system which could monitor the clean loss in real-time. In order to monitor grain clean losses of combine harvester real-timely during the working process, distribution of grain cleaning losses on rear of cleaning sieve was studied, and the mathematical model between total losses of grain cleaning and grain volume tail on different regions was developed. The optimal mounting position of grain loss monitor sensor on combine harvester was confirmed. The experiment results showed that there was no significant impact on distribution of grain clean loss mass ratio with fan speed of 1200~1400 r/min under the significance level α=0.05. The grain losses monitoring sensors, which utilizing type YT-5L piezoelectric ceramic as sensitive element, was installed on combine harvester with a vertical distance of 300 mm between central line and tailing screen and a angle of 45°. Meanwhile, the grain harvesting filed test was carried out by using the mathematical model. The results showed that the established mathematical model had a good reliability, the maximum relative monitoring error of the grain cleaning loss detecting system was only 3.26%, which was relatively less than checked manually when harvested rice.
Number of references:     14
Main heading:     Grain (agricultural product) Controlled terms:     Cleaning  - Experiments  - Harvesters  - Mathematical models  - Piezoelectric ceramics  - Sensors Uncontrolled terms:     Automated technology  - Combine harvesters  - Computational processing  - Detecting systems  - Distribution of grains  - Monitoring sensors  - Sensitive elements  - Significance levels Classification code:     801 Chemistry - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 812.1 Ceramics - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921 Mathematics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.016
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
51.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509863
Title:     Simulation of cotton leaf area index under deficit irrigation in Xinjiang
Authors:     Wu, Lifeng1  ; Zhang, Fucang1, 2  ; Wang, Haidong1, 2; Zhou, Hanmi1, 2; Zhou, Jianwei3; Liang, Fei3 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Area, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China 
    2 Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi, China 
    3 Institute of Water and Soil Fertilizer, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China 
Corresponding author:     Zhang, Fucang 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     249-258
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     A leaf area index simulation model of cotton was developed under full and deficit irrigation in Xinjiang. The model was based on beta function of daily heat effect as time scales, and the effect of soil water stress was considered. One ordered derivative of the Logistic function was used to describe the changing rate of leaf area index. One ordered derivative of the Logistic function was also used to describe leaf senescence process and assumed that leaf senescence occurred since the early flowering. The acceleration effects of soil water stress and temperature on leaf senescence were also considered in the model. Finally field observations from Shihezi were used for model parameter calibration, evaluation and sensitivity analysis. Evaluation results showed that under the condition of full irrigation the root mean square error (RMSE) between simulated and observed leaf area index (LAI) values was 0.22 m2/m2and the residual accumulation coefficient (CRM) was-0.01.Under the condition of 20% and 40% deficit irrigation RMSEand CRMwere 0.37 m2/m2, 0.05 and 0.05 m2/m2, 0, respectively. In addition, the determination coefficient of linear relationship between simulated and observed LAI was 0.96. Simulation results showed that the model was accurate in describing the dynamic changing process of cotton LAI during the whole growth period in Xinjiang. Sensitivity analysis results showed that under the condition of sufficient water, potential leaf aging area, maximum daily leaf extension area and aging area, early flowering start time were the main parameters affecting the model. The model had a few parameters and it can be used to supply the LAI dynamic information for establishing the Xinjiang cotton growth model and evapotranspiration model.
Number of references:     29
Main heading:     Plants (botany) Controlled terms:     Cotton  - Function evaluation  - Irrigation  - Mean square error  - Sensitivity analysis  - Soil moisture Uncontrolled terms:     Acceleration effects  - Beta function  - Deficit irrigation  - Determination coefficients  - Evapotranspiration modeling  - Leaf Area Index  - Root mean square errors  - Simulation Classification code:     461.9 Biology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 731.1 Control Systems - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics - 921.6 Numerical Methods
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.035
Database:     Compendex
    

   
 
52.  
 
Accession number:     20150700509842
Title:     Experiment on control effect of different pesticide concentration using air-assisted sprayer
Authors:     Qiu, Wei1  ; Gu, Jiabing1; Ding, Weimin1  ; Lü, Xiaolan2; Sun, Chengda1; Lu, Jiang1 Author affiliation:     1 Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China 
    2 Institute of Agriculture Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China 
Corresponding author:     Ding, Weimin 
Source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:     Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:     46
Issue:     1
Issue date:     January 25, 2015
Publication year:     2015
Pages:     94-99
Language:     Chinese
ISSN:     10001298 CODEN:     NUYCA3 Document type:     Journal article (JA)
Publisher:     Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract:     To define different effects of several concentrations pesticide for pest prevention under air-assisted spraying condition, pest population decline rate and disease index were used to test effects of two kinds pesticide which were applied to pear aphids and pear black spot. Furthermore, the droplets distribution inside the canopy was also analyzed with Brilliant sulfaflavine, and the reasonable range of pesticide concentration for air-assisted spraying application was proposed. The results showed that: the amount of pesticide was 0.24 L per tree, which was decreased by 33.3% compared to artificial spraying under the condition that the sprayer speed was 1 m/s, the rotary speed of fan was 1 200 r/min, and the wind flow was 7.2 L/min in one side. Compared to artificial spraying, air-assisted spraying application can achieve better control effect with the same quality of pesticides. The distribution of droplets under air-assisted condition was better than traditional way, and the amount of pesticide was suggested 1/3 that of artificial spraying, at the same time, the concentration could be increased properly in order to reach better effect, and the actual pesticide mass was suggested 1/3~1/2 that of artificial spraying.
Number of references:     11
Main heading:     Pesticide effects Controlled terms:     Agricultural machinery  - Drops  - Fruits  - Pesticides  - Population statistics  - Quality control Uncontrolled terms:     Air-assisted sprayer  - Air-assisted spraying  - Different effects  - Disease index  - Orchard sprayers  - Pest population  - Pesticide concentrations  - Rotary speed Classification code:     443.1 Atmospheric Properties - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI:     10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2015.01.014
Database:     Compendex