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2016年第7期共收錄56篇

1. Allocation optimization of water resources based on uncertainty stochastic programming model considering risk value

Accession number: 20161602258040

Authors: Fu, Qiang (1); Li, Jiahong (1); Liu, Dong (1); Li, Tianxiao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China

Corresponding author: Fu, Qiang(fuqiang0629@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao

Volume: 32

Issue: 7

Issue date: April 1, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 136-144

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10026819

CODEN: NGOXEO

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

Abstract: To ensure the sustainable water development of regional agricultural and improve the use efficiency of water, it is very important to optimize the allocation of water resources. There are many uncertain factors in the process of the water resources allocation in the food production areas with the change of the system environment in China, and in the pursuit of the minimum cost, there are also many uncertain risks. Choosing the 5 important agricultural regions, i.e. Qitaihe, Jiamusi, Shuangyashan, Hegang and Jixi located on the Sanjiang Plain as the study area, by using the method of interval two-stage stochastic programming method and introducing the risk appetite, the surface water and groundwater joint scheduling is established under the condition of water resources optimal allocation, and the water deficit and the optimal configuration of water law for each administrative region are analyzed. The results show that the surface water is much deficient in Shuangyashan and Jixi during the water distribution process, where the mainly exploited is the groundwater; for Jiamusi, which is an administrative region with larger grain production area, the water demand is bigger, and the external water supply is more; for Qitaihe and Hegang where the planting areas are lesser, considering the cost of water diversion and grain yield, the less external water is needed to pilot to reduce the cost. The calculation results show that the changing rules of water deficit and the optimal allocation of water under different administrative region and different water level are as follows: Qitaihe and Jixi have small change under different water level, Jiamusi and Shuangyashan have great change under different water level, and the minimum cost of water under the optimal allocation is 736.12×108-843.40×108yuan. At last, the paper analyzes the minimum cost of optimal allocation of water resources under different probability of water level and different risk preference scenario on Sanjiang Plain. Because under the low water level, it is easy to cause the high demand for water resource system, and an increased level of risk aversion can be instead of water cost increase, the cost of water shortage will be increased to meet the basic requirements of crops, which changes from 344.2×108-355.4×108to 411.5×108-430.7×108yuan; at a high level of the water, the increase of the level of risk aversion can reduce the cost which caused by the loss of oversupply, and thus reduce the total cost of water from 422.5×108-435.3×108to 351.7×108-365.3×108yuan; in the middle level, it is between low and high water level. This model conjoins the advantages of the interval of two-stage stochastic programming and the characteristics of the risk value model. In the joint allocation of water resources, the model comprehensively considers the cost and risk, effectively saves water cost, and enhances the ability of water resources system to avoid risk. The model makes up for the deficiency of the traditional interval two-stage stochastic programming method, introduces the risk preference of decision makers to find the minimum cost of water resources’ optimal allocation scheme under the condition of uncertainty, avoids concentrating the risk loss in a certain region, and facilitates reasonable water resource allocation for policymakers in different administrative regions on the Sanjiang Plain. The water allocation in different region and different time realizes the dynamic distribution of multi-water source irrigation system. This model can ensure the need of crop grow when the irrigation water resources are rationally configured in the growing period of the crop, and effectively avoids the waste of water resources, as well as improves the efficiency of irrigation water, which is of great significance for sustainable use of water resources. The research improves the utilization efficiency of water resources and provides the basis for the planning of regional water management, which can more truly reflect the uncertainty for optimization allocation of water resources. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Water resources

Controlled terms: Agriculture  -  Cost reduction  -  Costs  -  Crops  -  Decision making  -  Efficiency  -  Flood control  -  Grain (agricultural product)  -  Groundwater  -  Groundwater resources   -  Irrigation  -  Models  -  Optimization  -  Resource allocation  -  Risk perception  -  Risks  -  Stochastic models  -  Stochastic programming  -  Stochastic systems  -  Surface water resources   -  Surface waters  -  Water  -  Water conservation  -  Water levels  -  Water management  -  Water supply  -  Water supply systems

Uncontrolled terms: Optimal allocation of water resources  -  Resource optimal allocation  -  Risk value  -  Stochastic programming model  -  Surface water and groundwaters  -  Two-stage stochastic programming  -  Uncertainty  -  Water resources allocations

Classification code: 444 Water Resources

Water Resources

  -  446.1 Water Supply Systems

Water Supply Systems

  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

  -  911 Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics

Cost and Value Engineering; Industrial Economics

  -  912.2 Management

Management

  -  913.1 Production Engineering

Production Engineering

  -  914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention

Accidents and Accident Prevention

  -  921.5 Optimization Techniques

Optimization Techniques

  -  922.1 Probability Theory

Probability Theory

  -  961 Systems Science

Systems Science

DOI: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.07.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

2. Preparation and performance study on microporous concrete irrigation emitters

Accession number: 20163002643018

Authors: Li, Xiangming (1); Yang, Jianguo (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resources and Architecture Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Yang, Jianguo(yjg632003@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 176-182

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Microporous concrete irrigation emitters were prepared with dry pressing method and then cured by an atomizing humidifying means. The effect of particle size of sand and cement content in raw material on the flexural strength, open porosity, pore size and hydraulic performance of the irrigation emitters was studied. By testing the hydraulic performance of the irrigation emitters, the variation of the water flow rate of irrigation emitters with time was analyzed, and the reason causing the variation was investigated. The particle size of sand has little effect on the flexural strength, open porosity and mean pore size of microporous concrete. As cement increases, the microporous concrete increases gradually in flexural strength, decreases obviously in open porosity and gradually in mean pore size. The water flow rate of irrigation emitters decreases obviously with the increase of cement in raw material, and decreases slightly as the particle size of sand decreases. When the cement content of raw material was 12%, the irrigation emitters are of high water flow rate but easy to be destroyed because of low strength. When the cement content of raw material was 21%, the irrigation emitters have good reliability due to their high strengths but are hardly to be used in practice because of very low water flow rate. When the cement content of raw material was 15%~18%, the irrigation emitters possess both good reliability and relative high water flow rate due to their suitable strengths, open porosities and mean pore sizes. During hydraulic performance testing, the soluble alkali in microporous concrete was dissolved and taken out by water, which makes the water flow rate with time of the irrigation emitters increase slightly because of the gradual increase of open porosity and mean pore size. Nevertheless, the slight increase of water flow rate has little impact on irrigation in practice. The microporous concrete irrigation emitters are promising good subirrigation emitters. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Subirrigation

Controlled terms: Bending strength  -  Cements  -  Concrete testing  -  Concretes  -  Flow of water  -  Flow rate  -  Hydraulics  -  Irrigation  -  Microporosity  -  Particle size   -  Pore size  -  Porosity  -  Strength of materials

Uncontrolled terms: Cement content  -  High strength  -  Hydraulic performance  -  Mean pore size  -  Microporous  -  Open porosity  -  Performance study  -  Water flow rate

Classification code: 412 Concrete

Concrete

  -  412.1 Cement

Cement

  -  631 Fluid Flow

Fluid Flow

  -  631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics

Liquid Dynamics

  -  632.1 Hydraulics

Hydraulics

  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods

Agricultural Methods

  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

  -  951 Materials Science

Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.20e+01%, Percentage 2.10e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.024

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

3. Design and experiment of target spraying system of 3WGZ-500 sprayer

Accession number: 20163002642998

Authors: Jin, Xin (1); Dong, Xiang (2); Yang, Xuejun (2); Yan, Herong (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang; 471003, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Dong, Xiang(dx314@hotmail.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 21-27

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the pesticide application efficiency and reduce the agricultural chemicals lost in orchard spraying, an automatic target spraying system based on the 3WGZ-500 self-propelled sprayer was designed in view of excess spraying and ineffective spray at fruit trees clearances during traditional spray operation. Ten ultrasonic sensors were fixed on the two sides of the orchard sprayer at 15° intervals, which were used to measure the distance between the nozzles and sprayer targets. The sensor measure range was 0.35~2 m and emission angle was 60°. Based on the sensor signals, three channel solenoid valves by side were used to control the switch of nozzles at the corresponding position. The experiment was worked at the five years old apple orchard, test spray pressure was 0.5 MPa and operating speed was 1.3 km/h, 1.7 km/h, 4.5 km/h and 7.2 km/h respectively. The result showed that the operating speed had little effect on pesticide application efficiency at the condition of with target spraying system and without target spraying system. This target spraying system can reduce unnecessary spraying chemical pesticides. The pesticide application efficiency was 35.8% with target spraying system, which increased 29.7% compared to without target spraying system’s 27.6% and increased 91.4% compared with traditional spray’s 18.7%. The system can effectively reduce the pollution to the environment. Ground loss rate at different operating speeds was proximity. The ground loss rate was 13.3% with target spraying system, which reduced by 42% compared to without target spraying system’s 18.86%. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 15

Main heading: Spray nozzles

Controlled terms: Agricultural chemicals  -  Efficiency  -  Experiments  -  Farms  -  Nozzles  -  Orchards  -  Pesticides  -  Solenoid valves

Uncontrolled terms: Chemical pesticides  -  Emission angle  -  Operating speed  -  Orchard sprayers  -  Pesticide applications  -  Sprayer  -  Spraying system  -  Ultrasonic senor

Classification code: 619 Pipes, Tanks and Accessories; Plant Engineering Generally

Pipes, Tanks and Accessories; Plant Engineering Generally

  -  631.1 Fluid Flow, General

Fluid Flow, General

  -  803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals

Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals

  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

  -  901.3 Engineering Research

Engineering Research

  -  913.1 Production Engineering

Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.33e+01%, Percentage 1.87e+01%, Percentage 1.89e+01%, Percentage 2.76e+01%, Percentage 2.97e+01%, Percentage 3.58e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01%, Percentage 9.14e+01%, Pressure 5.00e+05Pa, Size 3.50e-01m to 2.00e+00m, Velocity 1.25e+00m/s, Velocity 2.00e+00m/s, Velocity 3.61e-01m/s, Velocity 4.72e-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.004

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

4. Measurement of volume and surface area for spheroid agricultural product based on 3D wire frame model

Accession number: 20163002643040

Authors: Gong, Aiping (1); Zhang, Weizheng (2); He, Yong (3); Nie, Pengcheng (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen; 518172, China; (2) College of Computer and Communication Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou; 450002, China; (3) College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China

Corresponding author: Nie, Pengcheng(npc2012@zju.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 338-344

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: This article proposed a new method for fast measurement of the volume and surface area (VSA) of spheroid agricultural products based on 3D wire frame model via image processing using an Android device (AD). The spheroid product counting algorithm software was developed in Java combined with OpenCV library that uses AD to measure the VSA of spheroid agricultural products. The target photos were taken in normal conditions by AD. The image processing was used to get image, segment image, generate binarization image, filter noise, and calculate the VSA according to the coordinate of three-dimensional wireframe model. Using this method to measure the ball with different diameters at six distances that between 100 mm and 350 mm, and the segment spacing was 50 mm, which verified that the camera distortion was less than 0.3%, and the contour size of the measured object had scarcely effect on the measurement accuracy. The proposed method was applied to measure the VSA of 10 different citrus, apple and pear, and then all the fruits were measured by drainage method to get their volume and scanning method to attain their surface area. The test result shows that the correlation coefficient among proposed method, drainage method and scanning method was more than 0.98. The results indicated that the introduced method could be utilized as a rapid and non-destructive method for the AD measurement of different spheroid produces of agricultural products. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 17

Main heading: Image processing

Controlled terms: Agricultural products  -  Agriculture  -  Android (operating system)  -  Citrus fruits  -  Computer software  -  Fruits  -  Image segmentation  -  Nondestructive examination  -  Wire  -  Wire products

Uncontrolled terms: Android systems  -  Camera Distortion  -  Correlation coefficient  -  Measurement accuracy  -  Nondestructive methods  -  Surface area  -  Volume  -  Wire frame models

Classification code: 535.2 Metal Forming

Metal Forming

  -  723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

  -  821.4 Agricultural Products

Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e-01%, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 3.50e-01m, Size 5.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.046

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

5. Solids content detection of soybean milk based on permittivities

Accession number: 20163002643027

Authors: Guo, Wenchuan (1); Wang, Dongyang (1); Kong, Fanrong (1); Li, Weiqiang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 239-245

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To explore a method for detecting solids content of soybean milk, network analyzer and open-ended coaxial-line probe were applied to study the influence of frequency (20~4 500 MHz), temperature (20~80) and solid content (2.00~7.01 g/(100 mL)) on dielectric parameters (relative dielectric constant Ε’ and dielectric loss factor Ε″) of soybean milk. The models describing the permittivities as functions of temperature and solid content were built, and its feasibility to predict solid content using obtained permittivities were verified. The results showed that over the frequency range of 20~4 500 MHz, Ε’ was decreased with an increase of frequency, and Ε″ was increased after decrease with increasing frequency. The minimum Ε″ was observed at 600~2 000 MHz. Ε’ was decreased with an increase of temperature, and Ε″ was increased with increasing temperature at low frequency end and decreased at high frequency end. The frequency where minimum Ε″ was increased with increasing temperature. Ε’ was decreased but Ε″ was increased with increasing solid content. At a given frequency, quadratic polynomial could be used to describe the relationship among permittivities (Ε’ and Ε″) and temperature and solid content. The determination coefficient of the built model was 0.989 for Ε’ (100 MHz) and 0.990 for Ε″ (20 MHz). The model verification results showed that the determination coefficient was 0.978 between the calculated solid content using obtained Ε″ at 20 MHz and the measured ones. This study indicated that permittivities could be used to detect the solid contents of soybean milk. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Permittivity

Controlled terms: Dielectric losses  -  Microwave measurement  -  Temperature

Uncontrolled terms: Determination coefficients  -  Dielectric loss factors  -  Frequency  -  Increasing temperatures  -  Open-ended coaxial-line probe  -  Relative dielectric constant  -  Solid contents  -  Soybean milks

Classification code: 641.1 Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics

  -  708.1 Dielectric Materials

Dielectric Materials

  -  942.2 Electric Variables Measurements

Electric Variables Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Frequency 1.00e+08Hz, Frequency 2.00e+07Hz, Frequency 2.00e+07Hz to 4.50e+09Hz, Frequency 6.00e+08Hz to 2.00e+09Hz, Volume 1.00e-04m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.033

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

6. Numerical simulation and optimization experiment of mixed flow field on longitudinal axial flow cleaning device

Accession number: 20163002643013

Authors: Tong, Shuiguang (1); Shen, Qiang (1); Tang, Ning (1); Jia, Yaping (1); Cong, Feiyun (1); Gu, Wei (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310027, China; (2) Star Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd., Huzhou; 313017, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 135-142

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The cleaning performance of cleaning device greatly affects the working performance of the machine. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the uneven air-flow field in the longitudinal axial flow full-feeding air-and-screen cleaning device, the mixed flow field produced by the fan and the threshing roller was numerically simulated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. A structure of fan with double air-ducts and six air-outlets was proposed based on the longitudinal axial flow full-feeding cleaning device. By comparing and analyzing the improved structures, the air speed of the sieve has the influence on the distribution of the full air-flow field. At the same time, the orthogonal simulation was carried out on a new type of cleaning device with the three factors (the fan speed, the incident angle of the fan, the included angle of the sieve) in Z section, and the influence of the three factors was analyzed. The optimal combinations are as follows: the incident angle of the fan is 30°, the included angle of sieve is 40°, the speed of fan is 1 900 r/min. With the best combination of these structural parameters, the speed of overall air flow in the front and the rear of sieve is uniform and efficient, and it is more beneficial to high-load cleaning. Finally, field tests verified the accuracy of the improved structure and optimization program. The loss rate of the rice is 0.91% and the impurity rate is 0.87%. The loss rate of the wheat is 0.82% and impurity rate is 0.76%, it greatly improved the cleaning performance of the longitudinal axial flow. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 16

Main heading: Computational fluid dynamics

Controlled terms: Air  -  Air cleaners  -  Axial flow  -  Cleaning  -  Computer simulation  -  Flow fields  -  Fluid dynamics  -  Harvesters  -  Numerical models  -  Sieves   -  Software testing  -  Structural optimization

Uncontrolled terms: Cleaning devices  -  Combine harvesters  -  Improved structures  -  Mixed flows  -  Optimization programs  -  Simulation and optimization  -  Structural parameter  -  Working performance

Classification code: 451.2 Air Pollution Control

Air Pollution Control

  -  631.1 Fluid Flow, General

Fluid Flow, General

  -  723.5 Computer Applications

Computer Applications

  -  802.3 Chemical Operations

Chemical Operations

  -  804 Chemical Products Generally

Chemical Products Generally

  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

  -  921 Mathematics

Mathematics

  -  921.5 Optimization Techniques

Optimization Techniques

  -  931.1 Mechanics

Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.60e-01%, Percentage 8.20e-01%, Percentage 8.70e-01%, Percentage 9.10e-01%, Rotational_Speed 1.90e+03RPM

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.019

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

7. Design and experiment of automatic guidance control system in agricultural vehicle

Accession number: 20163002643001

Authors: Zhang, Meina (1); Lü, Xiaolan (1); Tao, Jianping (1); Yin, Wenqing (2); Feng, Xuebin (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing; 210014, China; (2) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China

Corresponding author: Lü, Xiaolan(lxlanny@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 42-47

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Intelligent agricultural vehicle can significantly improve the production quality and efficiency, reduce environmental pollution, and take advantage of the agricultural resources efficiently. So an automatic guidance control system in agricultural vehicle was implemented by integrating the hardware and software. The hardware included sensors, actuators and CAN-Bus. The software was developed with multithread programming technology in Visual Studio 2005 platform based on Windows operating system. Open-loop transfer function model of the heading control system and the lateral control system were established via the model of the vehicle motion and the steering system. Model of the vehicle motion was established according to the kinematic characteristics, and model of the steering system was identified according to the closed-loop response curve. Then the heading controller and the lateral controller were designed via PID control theory. Tests results showed that the hardware and software system were running stability. With the initial heading deviations of -86° and 84°, the adjusting time were both in 2 s, the turning precisions were both in 1°. With the initial lateral deviations of 0.7 m and 1.2 m, the maximum values of the lateral deviation were 10.4 cm and 9.2 cm respectively, the mean values of the lateral deviation were 6.4 cm and 3.5 cm respectively, and the standard deviations of the lateral deviation were 2.6 cm and 1.7 cm, respectively. So the proposed automatic guidance control system can make the vehicle track the desired path smoothly and steadily with a centimetre-level tracking precision. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 15

Main heading: Windows operating system

Controlled terms: Agriculture  -  Automatic guidance (agricultural machinery)  -  Automobile steering equipment  -  Control systems  -  Control theory  -  Controllers  -  Electronic guidance systems  -  Hardware  -  Reconfigurable hardware  -  Software testing   -  Steering  -  Three term control systems  -  Vehicles

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural resources  -  Agricultural vehicles  -  Automatic guidance control system  -  Control model  -  Environmental pollutions  -  Kinematic characteristics  -  Multithread programming  -  Open-loop transfer functions

Classification code: 605 Small Tools and Hardware

Small Tools and Hardware

  -  662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components

Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components

  -  721.3 Computer Circuits

Computer Circuits

  -  723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

  -  723.5 Computer Applications

Computer Applications

  -  731.1 Control Systems

Control Systems

  -  731.2 Control System Applications

Control System Applications

  -  732.1 Control Equipment

Control Equipment

  -  821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Size 1.04e-01m, Size 1.20e+00m, Size 1.70e-02m, Size 2.60e-02m, Size 3.50e-02m, Size 6.40e-02m, Size 7.00e-01m, Size 9.20e-02m, Time 2.00e+00s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.007

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

8. Design and implementation of parabolic trough concentrator heating anaerobic reactor

Accession number: 20163002643022

Authors: Yang, Xuanmin (1); Wang, Yajun (1, 2); Qiu, Ling (1, 3); Zhao, Lixin (2); Jia, Jixiu (2); Wang, Xiaoliang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing; 100125, China; (3) West Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Rural Renewable Energy Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Qiu, Ling(ql2871@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 202-207

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: For an anaerobic fermentation system, the temperature is one of key factors which affect the efficiency of biogas production. A parabolic trough concentrator (PTC) was used as the heat source for an 8 m3underground anaerobic digester. To improve the efficiency of concentrating solar collectors and the biogas productivity of traditional anaerobic fermentation system, the sizes of important components in the digester were determined, and the energy balance was also calculated. Moreover, the angle change of solar concentrator in Yangling was counted, the angle of the collector during one year was optimized, and the inclination angle and installation method of the concentrator bracket were also designed. It was found that feed heat loss (16 077.31 kJ/d) and wall heat loss (23 180.01 kJ/d) were the two main heat loads in this system. The key parameters of PTC were determined: the size of aperture was 2.4 m, the focal distance was 0.6 m, the area of collector was 4.16 m2, and the diameter of collector pipe was 0.016 8 m. In addition, the heat transfer of anaerobic reactor was simulated through Fluent software. The simulation results revealed that interior temperature in the digester could be maintained at 35. A PTC-based anaerobic digester with similar parameters of simulation model was designed to verify the simulation effect. The experiment results indicated that the temperature range of material liquid in the reactor could be kept at 33.6~35.8, approximately consistent with the Fluent simulation. The results in this study provide a new solution for efficient and low-cost biogas fermentation device. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 17

Main heading: Collector efficiency

Controlled terms: Biogas  -  Concentration (process)  -  Fermentation  -  Heat losses  -  Heat transfer

Uncontrolled terms: Anaerobic fermentation  -  Anaerobic reactor  -  Biogas fermentation  -  Design and implementations  -  Installation methods  -  Interior temperature  -  Parabolic trough concentrators  -  Steady simulation

Classification code: 522 Gas Fuels

Gas Fuels

  -  641.2 Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer

  -  702.3 Solar Cells

Solar Cells

Numerical data indexing: Area 4.16e+00m2, Size 2.40e+00m, Size 6.00e-01m, Volume 8.00e+00m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.028

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

9. Hyperspectral remote sensing data classification method based on sparse non-negative least-squares coding

Accession number: 20163002643039

Authors: Qi, Yongfeng (1); Yang, Le (1); Huo, Yuanlian (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou; 730070, China; (2) College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou; 730070, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 332-337

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the classification accuracy and reduce computation complexity, a hyperspectral remote sensing data classification method based on sparse non-negative least-squares coding was proposed. By adopting non-negative least-squares, the test samples were expressed as a linear combination of training samples, and the obtained coefficients were used as its feature vector. As a result of the non-negative constraint, the feature vectors were sparse, which can not only improve the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, but also enhance the discrimination performance of algorithm. At last, the minimizing residual was used to classify the test samples. The experimental verifications of the proposed method were carried out on AVIRIS Indian Pines and Salinas Valley hyperspectral remote sensing data, the classification accuracies of the proposed method were 85.31% and 99.56%, and the Kappa coefficients were 0.816 3 and 0.986 7, respectively. The proposed method was compared with PCA, SVM and SRC in terms of classification accuracy and Kappa coefficients on two databases, experiment results showed that the proposed method was superior to PCA, SVM and SRC. The proposed approach was valuable for hyperspectral data classification with low computational cost and high classification accuracy, it was a better method of hyperspectral remote sensing data classification. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Classification (of information)

Controlled terms: Least squares approximations  -  Remote sensing

Uncontrolled terms: Classification accuracy  -  Data classification  -  Experimental verification  -  Hyperspectral data classification  -  Hyperspectral remote sensing  -  Hyperspectral remote sensing data  -  Least Square  -  Performance of algorithm

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing

Information Theory and Signal Processing

  -  921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.53e+01%, Percentage 9.96e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.045

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

10. Dynamic detection of casting defects radiographic image based on deep learning feature

Accession number: 20163002642821

Authors: Yu, Yongwei (1); Du, Liuqing (1); Yan, Zhe (1); Xu, Hezuo (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing; 400054, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 407-412

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to reduce the misdetection ratio and false detection ratio of small casting defects in X radiographic testing, a dynamic defects tracking and detection method based on selective attention mechanism and deep learning feature matching was proposed. The misdetection of image sequences was eliminated with attention region detection of individual images and the false detection was also eliminated with feature matching among the image sequence. In the phase of individual images detection, a search method based on central-peripheral gradient was proposed to simulate the central-peripheral difference operation of biological vision. And the gradient threshold was defined. Then by comparing each regional gradient with threshold, the suspicious defect area was directly detected according to the gradient threshold. The defects did not need to be segmented from the suspicious image area. So the method avoided the great influence of the defects segmentation accuracy rate to defects tracking. In the phase of tracking among the image sequence, referencing to the deep learning hierarchy of human visual perception system, a deep learning network based on convolution neural was established. The gray level signal of the suspicious defect area was directly used as input. The network could automatically extract the essential feature which made up the deep learning feature vector. The similarity of feature vector was defined based on Euclidean distance. Defect tracking was achieved by similarity matching of suspicious defect regions in continuous frames. Then the noise and other false defects were eliminated. The experiments show that the false detection rate and the misdetection rate are less than 3%. The detection accuracy rate is more than 97%, which proved the method is advanced and effective. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 16

Main heading: Feature extraction

Controlled terms: Behavioral research  -  Casting  -  Computer vision  -  Defects  -  Dynamics  -  Nondestructive examination

Uncontrolled terms: Deep learning  -  Defect detection  -  Human visual perception  -  Radiographic images  -  Radiographic testing  -  Segmentation accuracy  -  Selective attention mechanism  -  Visual attention mechanisms

Classification code: 534.2 Foundry Practice

Foundry Practice

  -  723.5 Computer Applications

Computer Applications

  -  951 Materials Science

Materials Science

  -  971 Social Sciences

Social Sciences

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 9.70e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.055

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

11. Kinetostatics analysis of spatial 4-UPS/RPS parallel mechanism

Accession number: 20163002642820

Authors: Chen, Xiulong (1); Wang, Tao (1); Liang, Xiaoxia (2); Wang, Qing (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao; 266590, China; (2) School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London; SE1 0AA, United Kingdom; (3) Institute of Nano Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao; 266590, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 398-406

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to realize kinetostatics analysis of spatial 4-UPS-RPS 5-DOF parallel mechanism, the expression of kinetostatics was derived by d’ Alembert principle, and the force state of mechanism was analyzed. Firstly, the model of inverse displacement, inverse velocity and inverse acceleration of 4-UPS-RPS parallel mechanism were educed. And then, the kinetostatics model of 4-UPS-RPS 5-DOF parallel mechanism was established by the d’ Alembert principle, the expression of driving force and constraining force were deduced. Finally, combined with examples, the driving force of driving limbs and constraining force of spherical hinge on moving platform were carried out by numerical calculation and virtual simulation, separately. The results of force analysis shows that the driving force of driving limbs and constraining force of spherical hinge on moving platform are varied with the position and posture of 4-UPS-RPS 5-DOF parallel mechanism, and the force value obtained by numerical calculation and by virtual simulation are basically the same. So far the numerical verification and virtual simulation verification of the kinetostatics analysis results are realized. The research can not only provide theoretical basis for solution of driving force, constraining force and structure design of 4-UPS-RPS parallel mechanism, but also suggest a way of thinking about force analysis for other spatial parallel mechanism. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Spatial variables measurement

Controlled terms: Mechanisms

Uncontrolled terms: 5-DOF parallel mechanisms  -  D’Alembert principle  -  Expression of driving forces  -  Force analysis  -  Kinetostatics analysis  -  Numerical verification  -  Parallel mechanisms  -  Spatial parallel mechanism

Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms

Mechanisms

  -  943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements

Mechanical Variables Measurements

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.054

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

12. Estimation of actual leaf area of maize based on terrestrial laser scanning

Accession number: 20163002643041

Authors: Su, Wei (1); Guo, Hao (1); Zhao, Dongling (1); Zhang, Mingzheng (1, 2); Zhang, Rui (1); Wu, Daiying (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Zhao, Dongling(zhaodongling@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 345-353

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Leaf area index (LAI) is one of important parameters of quantitative description of leaf growth situation. Compared with effective LAI which is influenced by gathering condition among leaves greatly, actual LAI can reflect the real crop growth status more accurately. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) can obtain high precision crop structure information quickly such as height and biomass. But in terms of leaf area information, the major part is effective LAI. Reference to the idea of voxelization, the method was put forward for estimating actual leaf area of maize according to the leaf and its projective plane’s mathematical relationship in voxel, which makes full use of TLS’s advantage of gathering vertical information. The point data which can perform maize actual growth state as the data source directly. And the maize point cloud was divided into a series of leaf unit by voxel. The leaf unit area based on the leaf and its projective plane’s mathematical relationship in voxel were calculated. Then the maize actual leaf area was calculated. The different TLS was used to obtain four sample’s maize point clouds which were different in varieties and scales in both Beijing City and Hebei Province, respectively. The point obtained from sample points (No. 1, 2, 3) is individual maize point, and the actual LAI was calculated in different voxel sizes. The main conclusions are as follow: calculated LAI has a good correlation with measured LAI as all of decision coefficients are greater than 0.8, it proved that this method is credibly. The optimal voxel size is 0.17 cm, 0.15 cm and 0.15 cm, respectively. Relevant with the optimal voxel size, RMSE is 61.898 cm2, 44.058 cm2and 42.844 cm2respectively, the relative error between the plant total leaf area is -2.678%, 0.619% and -0.474% accordingly. The result means that this method has a high accuracy. In the sample point No.4, the relative error between calculated LAI and measured LAI is -14.663%, the calculated LAI is smaller than measured LAI. All in all, the method about estimating actual leaf area of maize according to the leaf and its projective plane’s mathematical relationship in voxel is feasible with high precision. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Surveying instruments

Controlled terms: Crops  -  Estimation  -  Laser applications  -  Plants (botany)  -  Scanning  -  Seebeck effect  -  Steel beams and girders  -  Surface analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Good correlations  -  Leaf area  -  Maize  -  Mathematical relationship  -  Projective planes  -  Quantitative description  -  Terrestrial laser scanning  -  Voxelization

Classification code: 405.3 Surveying

Surveying

  -  408.2 Structural Members and Shapes

Structural Members and Shapes

  -  701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena

Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena

  -  744.9 Laser Applications

Laser Applications

  -  821.4 Agricultural Products

Agricultural Products

  -  921 Mathematics

Mathematics

  -  951 Materials Science

Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Area 4.28e-03m2, Area 4.41e-03m2, Area 6.19e-03m2, Percentage -1.47e+01%, Percentage -2.68e+00%, Percentage -4.74e-01%, Percentage 6.19e-01%, Size 1.50e-03m, Size 1.70e-03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.047

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

13. Research on quality characteristic Using LED as supplementary lighting during withering process in oolong tea

Accession number: 20163002643033

Authors: Chen, Shousong (1); Jin, Xinyi (1, 2); Lin, Hongzheng (1, 2); Yu, Shaojuan (1); Zhou, Ziwei (1); Sun, Yun (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou; 350002, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Tea Science, Fuzhou; Fujian Province; 350002, China

Corresponding author: Sun, Yun(sunyun1125@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 282-289

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Solar withering is the first and essential processing during Oolong tea manufacturing, which can improve and develop a pleasant scent, especially for the floral fruity scent. The traditional technology employed hot air withering in rainy days, which lacks of light radiation, the quality of Oolong tea has no fruit floral odour and the taste is niffy green and astringency. In order to make up the light waves in rainy days or instability sunlight, an artificial light source could be considered for quality improvement during withering process in Oolong tea. In this study, solar, LED (red, yellow, blue) and dark treatments were projected for the test of physiological response, physicochemical, aroma, sensory evaluation and efficiency. Firstly, the constant temperature and humidity containing LED resource withering device for Oolong tea was developed, mainly including LED panel, air circulation channel, temperature/humidity transducer and uniform plate. The temperature/humidity transducer was applied to control the fixed conditions; Air circulation channel was projected as a medium to dehumidify and ensure the circulation of air in the box. Secondly, the test of physiological response indicated that fresh tea leaves plucking from tea plants had a limited capacity to absorb light, the net photosynthetic and transpiration rate of tea leaves increased at first and then decreased, reached peak at 10~15 min; However, the dark treatment remained negative value(-2.5 μmol/(m2·s)), mainly conduct respiration action, and when photo synthetically active radiation was 300 μmol/(m2·s), the time of withering by 30 min could be well. Thirdly, the test of biochemical component indicated that treatments exposed to different light significances increased the content of water extracts, amino acid, soluble sugar and flavones, boosted the conversion of polyphenol and decreased content of caffeine. Then, the volatile components of different treatments were assayed by chromatography-mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS). Principal component analysis method was used to evaluate the results. In contrast to dark treatment, the relative content of alpha-farnesene and nerolidol increased by 11.42% and 30.65%, respectively. The score of aroma quality exposed to solar was the highest, yellow and blue light had a bit better than red light, and dark treatment ranked the last. The sensory evaluation of quality in raw tea showed a similar trend to the results of principal component analysis. Moreover, based on light withering, the productive efficiency can be improved by 2.6 times, the grade of tea quality increased 1~2 levels, and the economic benefit enhanced by approximately 63%. In conclusion, light can regulate and improve the taste and volatiles of Oolong tea, selecting LED as an artificial light to substitute for solar withering could be a promising technology, especially for the standardization during Oolong tea manufacturing. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 13

Main heading: Light emitting diodes

Controlled terms: Air  -  Efficiency  -  Humidity control  -  Image quality  -  Light sources  -  Lighting  -  Manufacture  -  Mass spectrometry  -  Odors  -  Physiological models   -  Physiology  -  Plants (botany)  -  Principal component analysis  -  Quality control  -  Sensory analysis  -  Transducers  -  Water quality

Uncontrolled terms: Artificial light source  -  Benefit  -  Biochemical components  -  Chromatography-mass spectrometry  -  Oolong tea  -  Principal component analysis method  -  Productive efficiencies  -  Supplementary lighting and withering

Classification code: 445.2 Water Analysis

Water Analysis

  -  461.9 Biology

Biology

  -  714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits

Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits

  -  801 Chemistry

Chemistry

  -  804 Chemical Products Generally

Chemical Products Generally

  -  913 Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing

Production Planning and Control; Manufacturing

  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.14e+01%, Percentage 3.06e+01%, Percentage 6.30e+01%, Time 1.80e+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.039

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

14. Design and experiment of differential steering mechanism for track combine harvester

Accession number: 20163002643012

Authors: Li, Yaoming (1); Chen, Jinsong (1); Liang, Zhenwei (1); Ma, Xiang (1); Jiang, Xiaochun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 127-134

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the shearing damage caused by the track combine harvester continuous steering in the field, increasing the steering flexibility of vehicle, and improving operation efficiency, the driving performance simulation test of a pivot steering mechanism at the flat hard pavement and heavy clay was conducted. In the test, the multi-body dynamics model of the combine harvester was established in RecurDyn software, and the movement state was obtained, including steering angular velocity, steering angular acceleration, steering radius and output torque. On this basis, the new type pivot steering mechanism and the walking performance test harvester were trial-produced, and a large number of experiments were carried out. Test results show that, under the same steering mode condition, the differential steering output torque in paddy field is maximum, up to 5 668.2 N·m, much larger than that at the concrete floor, which is 2 268.2 N·m, at the same time, the differential steering output torque is the biggest of the three steering modes. As the rotate speed of the driving wheel is 75 r/min, the angular velocity at the concrete floor is 0.610 rad/s, and that of the paddy field is 0.592 rad/s, which are improved by 87.7% and 88.5% separately; the minimum steering radius in the paddy field is 0.098 m, and that of the concrete floor is 0.082 m, which decrese the steering occupied area significately. The proposed differential steering mechanism improves the walking performance of the combine harvester greatly. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 17

Main heading: Automobile steering equipment

Controlled terms: Angular velocity  -  Automobile drivers  -  Clay products  -  Concrete construction  -  Concretes  -  Experiments  -  Floors  -  Harvesters  -  Software testing

Uncontrolled terms: Angular acceleration  -  Combine harvesters  -  Differential steering  -  Differential steering mechanism  -  Driving performance  -  Dynamics simulation  -  Multibody dynamics model  -  Operation efficiencies

Classification code: 402 Buildings and Towers

Buildings and Towers

  -  412 Concrete

Concrete

  -  432 Highway Transportation

Highway Transportation

  -  662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components

Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components

  -  723.5 Computer Applications

Computer Applications

  -  812.1 Ceramics

Ceramics

  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

  -  901.3 Engineering Research

Engineering Research

Numerical data indexing: Angular_Velocity 5.92e-01rad/s, Angular_Velocity 6.10e-01rad/s, Percentage 8.77e+01%, Percentage 8.85e+01%, Rotational_Speed 7.50e+01RPM, Size 8.20e-02m, Size 9.80e-02m, Torque 2.68e+02N*m, Torque 6.68e+02N*m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.018

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

15. Optimization of forming parameters on roller briquetting machine with plungers

Accession number: 20163002643023

Authors: Ning, Tingzhou (1); Yu, Guosheng (1); Pi, Senmiao (1); Chen, Zhongjia (1); Yuan, Xiangyue (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Yu, Guosheng(sgyzh@bjfu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 208-215

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To seek for the optimal forming parameters of the roller briquetting machine with plungers and explore the influence law of the forming parameters on the forming results, sawdust was used as the raw material, the moisture content, the length to diameter ratio of the forming mold and the spindle speed were taken as the experimental factors, while the density of the forming particle and the productivity of the briquetting machine as the experimental indexes, the experimental data was processed and analyzed by the experiment design method of Design-Expert BBD (Box-Behnken Design), and the regression equations of the experimental factors on the experimental indexes were established. The results showed that the optimal results of the moisture content of sawdust, the length to diameter ratio of the forming mold and the spindle speed were 15.5%, 5.3, 47.25 r/min, respectively. On this condition, the density of the forming particle and the productivity of the briquetting machine can reach 1.17 g/cm3, 75 kg/h, respectively. The contribution rate of the experimental factors on the forming particle density in the order from large to small: the length to diameter ratio of the forming mold, the spindle speed, the moisture content, while on the density of the forming particle: the moisture content, the length to diameter ratio of the forming mold, the spindle speed. The maximum relative error is 0.426% between the experimental value and the predicted value of the density of the forming particle, while it’s 2.733% on the productivity of the briquetting machine, so there’s high consistency. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Briquetting

Controlled terms: Biomass  -  Moisture  -  Moisture determination  -  Molds  -  Optimization  -  Productivity  -  Rollers (machine components)  -  Sawdust

Uncontrolled terms: Box-Behnken design  -  Experimental factors  -  Experimental values  -  Forming parameters  -  Length to diameter ratio  -  Maximum relative errors  -  Regression equation  -  Roller briquetting machine with plungers

Classification code: 524 Solid Fuels

Solid Fuels

  -  601.2 Machine Components

Machine Components

  -  811.2 Wood and Wood Products

Wood and Wood Products

  -  921.5 Optimization Techniques

Optimization Techniques

  -  944.2 Moisture Measurements

Moisture Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.17e+03kg/m3, Mass_Flow_Rate 2.08e-02kg/s, Percentage 1.55e+01%, Percentage 2.73e+00%, Percentage 4.26e-01%, Rotational_Speed 4.72e+01RPM

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.029

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

16. Effects of variable flow rates on water qualities in recirculating aquaculture system

Accession number: 20163002643036

Authors: Shen, Jiazheng (1); Shi, Mingming (1); Ruan, Yunjie (1); Deng, Yale (1); Zhu, Songming (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China

Corresponding author: Zhu, Songming(zhusm@zju.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 309-314

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To avoid the harms caused by the peak ammonia and nitrite produced during the ammonia release period, and increase the productivity and reduce the cost, operations under variable flow rates were investigated. To obtain the proper parameters for variable flow rates, the characteristics of tilapia ammonia release were firstly studied. After then, the effects of different flow rates on the nitrification rates and water qualities of recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) were studied. The results showed that during feeding interval, the highest ammonia release rate (0.21~0.23 g/h) was found in 4~8 h, while in other stages the ammonia releasing rate was 0.08~0.09 g/h. Moreover, no obvious effects of flow rates on nitrification abilities were observed and the maximum ammonia oxidizing rate (7.72 g/(m3·h)) was higher than the maximum nitrite oxidizing rate (7.21 g/(m3·h)) in nitrifying biofilm, indicating that mass transfer did not greatly affect the nitrification process. Besides, high flow rate (750 L/h) in RAS produced lower ammonia and nitrite than those of low flow rate (375 L/h), which also exhibited peak values of ammonia (3.26~3.37 mg/L) and nitrite (1.32~1.45 mg/L) exceeding the permissive concentrations for tilapia in 12 h. Therefore, the RAS was operated at 750 L/h in 4~8 h and 375 L/h in other time during feeding interval. Lower ammonia and nitrite concentrations (2.03~2.24 mg/L and 0.56~0.62 mg/L) were obtained during the peak stage of ammonia release under variable flow rates. This operation could be achieved just by providing additional pumping for 4 h under 375 L/h during the peak stage of ammonia release, and it could be a reference for economical RAS technique. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Ammonia

Controlled terms: Aquaculture  -  Flow rate  -  Mass transfer  -  Nitrification  -  Water quality

Uncontrolled terms: Ammonia release  -  High-flow rate  -  Nitrification process  -  Nitrification rates  -  Nitrifying biofilms  -  Peak values  -  Recirculating aquaculture system  -  Variable flow rate

Classification code: 445.2 Water Analysis

Water Analysis

  -  631 Fluid Flow

Fluid Flow

  -  641.3 Mass Transfer

Mass Transfer

  -  802.2 Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions

  -  804.2 Inorganic Compounds

Inorganic Compounds

  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods

Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.32e-03kg/m3 to 1.45e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.03e-03kg/m3 to 2.24e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.26e-03kg/m3 to 3.37e-03kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.60e-04kg/m3 to 6.20e-04kg/m3, Mass_Flow_Rate 2.22e-08kg/s to 2.50e-08kg/s, Mass_Flow_Rate 5.83e-08kg/s to 6.39e-08kg/s, Time 1.44e+04s, Time 1.44e+04s to 2.88e+04s, Time 4.32e+04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.042

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

17. Shell crushing mechanism analysis and performance test of flexible-belt shearing extrusion for walnut

Accession number: 20163002643031

Authors: Liu, Mingzheng (1); Li, Changhe (1); Zhang, Yanbin (1); Yang, Min (1); Hou, Yali (1); Gao, Lianxing (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao; 266520, China; (2) College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China

Corresponding author: Li, Changhe(sy_lichanghe@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 266-273

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The rigid components are always used in traditional walnut shell-broken kernel-taken device. During working process, the walnut kernel is easy to be excessively broken. The shell-broken rate and kernel-unbroken rate are also low and the adaptability for different kinds of walnut is poor. In order to improve the walnut shell-broken and kernel-unbroken effect, combining with the current research situation of walnut shell breaking by mechanical approaches, a walnut shearing-extrusion flexible shell crushing, kernel taking and shell-kernel separating device was designed. Stiffness at different positions of walnut shell was analyzed by theory of elastic mechanics, which contributed critical force of unstability of different positions. Critical force of cracking and breakage at different positions of walnut shell was disclosed. Conditions for crack extension after walnut shell breakage were analyzed and calculated by fracture mechanics theory. The results demonstrated that when the mean crack length is 20 mm, the critical external force for crack extension is 19.1 N. The single-factor experiment was carried out to analyze the impact of the top and low section belt spacing (A), top and low section velocity difference (B) and extrusion included angle (C) on walnut crushing force. In this way, the optimal combination of three factors (A, B, C) can be identified through the orthogonal experiment. The experimental results indicated that with A of 23 mm, B of 0.19 m/s and C of 45°, the most satisfactory shell-broken effects were obtained, which generated the first grade kernel rate of 75%, the second grade kernel rate of 18%, the kernel cracking rate of 5% and the kernel-unseen rate of 2%. In other words, under this condition, the shell-broken rate reached 98% and the kernel-unbroken rate reached 93%. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 13

Main heading: Shells (structures)

Controlled terms: Cracks  -  Crushing  -  Extrusion  -  Fracture mechanics  -  Shearing

Uncontrolled terms: Crushing mechanisms  -  Current research situation  -  Fracture mechanics theory  -  Mechanism analysis  -  Orthogonal experiment  -  Performance tests  -  Single-factor experiments  -  Walnut

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes

Structural Members and Shapes

  -  604.1 Metal Cutting

Metal Cutting

  -  931.1 Mechanics

Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Force 1.91e+01N, Percentage 1.80e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Percentage 7.50e+01%, Percentage 9.30e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%, Size 2.00e-02m, Size 2.30e-02m, Velocity 1.90e-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.037

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

18. Mathematical modeling and experiment of corn harvester quasi-static lateral stability

Accession number: 20163002643007

Authors: Ma, Li’na (1); Du, Yuefeng (1); Song, Zhenghe (1); Mao, Enrong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Mao, Enrong(gxy15@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 89-95

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: On the basis of studying both at home and abroad, not only the orientation of the corn harvester rear axle pivot had been considered, but also the track width differences between front axle and rear axle had been taken into account, thus a more accurate quasi-static lateral stability mathematical model was constructed. Then lateral stability experiment and simulation analysis were carried out in order to verify the validity of the model. Accordingly the lateral stability influence factors were obtained. Afterwards, each influence factor was firstly set at a certain range of values, then the value range of each influence factor was converted into an identical range [-1, 1], taking advantage of encoding transform. Therefore the curve of lateral stability indicator λ changing with the varying of different influence factors could be drawn in the same picture which could directly show the impact extent each factor on the lateral stability. The analysis results showed that the main influence factors of corn harvester quasi-static lateral stability were wheel base x, the height of corn harvester center of gravity h, the distance between the center of gravity and front axle a, as well as front axle track width t1. In the end, this paper also put forward several measures to improve the lateral stability of the whole machine. When the center of gravity is lowered by 100 mm, the load ratio of the front and rear axle is increased to 4, as well as the symmetric machine model is adopted. The result shows that the alteral critical angle of the corn harvester can be increased from 24.8° to 29.52° and the lateral stability can be raised by 19.03%. The establishment of corn harvester quasi-static lateral stability mathematical model can provide a foundation for corn harvester overall arrangement and structure design. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 16

Main heading: Front axles

Controlled terms: Axles  -  Harvesters  -  Mathematical models  -  Rear axles  -  Stability

Uncontrolled terms: Center of gravity  -  Corn harvesters  -  Critical angles  -  Lateral stability  -  Machine modeling  -  Simulation analysis  -  Structure design  -  Whole machine

Classification code: 662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components

Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components

  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.90e+01%, Size 1.00e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.013

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

19. Design and experiment of 3QXZ-6 seed corn detasseling machine

Accession number: 20163002643010

Authors: Wang, Jinjiang (1); Chen, Zhi (2); Yang, Xuejun (1); Wang, Jun (1); Wu, Jianmin (1); Hao, Zhaohui (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) China National Machinery Industry Corporation, Beijing; 100080, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Zhi(chenzhi@sinomach.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 112-118

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The 3QXZ-6 seed corn detasseling machine was designed to improve the mechanical level during corn cultivation. The machine was consisted of profiling mechanism, hydraulic driving system and plant-profiling controlled system. The profiling mechanism was structured as a parallelogram. Roller was motivated by the load-sensing hydraulic system, and height adjustment was manipulated by cylinder, which was driven through proportional control hydraulic system. In a set distance, if the lower photoelectric signal is continuously lost, it indicates the plant is short, and if the upper photoelectric signal is continuously received, it indicates the plant is relatively tall. This is how the plant height profiling is fuzzily controlled. The test on synchronization performance of roller rotation speed, response time of controlling system, and hydraulic cylinder speed shows that when the engine rotation speed is around 2 300 r/min, the maximum deviation ratio of roller rotation speed is 4.4%, synchronization tolerance rate is less than 3%, responding time is 0.04 s, cylinder lifting-up speed is 0.21 m/s, and dropping-down speed is 0.27 m/s. Based on the data collected from experiment, a function was built by using control signal t as variable and vertical movement of tassel removal component. Field experiment proves that the 3QXZ-6 seed corn detasseling machine is reliable and highly efficient. It sufficiently meets the agronomy detassling requirement with a detasseling ratio 87.7% averagely. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 15

Main heading: Hydraulic machinery

Controlled terms: Engine cylinders  -  Hydraulic equipment  -  Photoelectricity  -  Rollers (machine components)  -  Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Controlling system  -  Hydraulic cylinders  -  Hydraulic driving system  -  Performance testing  -  Photoelectric signals  -  Proportional control  -  Synchronization performance  -  Vertical movement

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components

Machine Components

  -  612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components

Internal Combustion Engine Components

  -  632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery

Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery

  -  701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena

Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 4.40e+00%, Percentage 8.77e+01%, Rotational_Speed 2.30e+03RPM, Time 4.00e-02s, Velocity 2.10e-01m/s, Velocity 2.70e-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.016

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

20. Tension analysis and online weighing method of poultry suspension conveyor

Accession number: 20163002643026

Authors: Xia, Jianchun (1); Wang, Jun (1); Zhou, Manjing (1); Chen, Kunjie (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210096, China

Corresponding author: Chen, Kunjie(kunjiechen@njau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 232-238

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: An online weighing method for poultry was proposed to meet the demand for online weight grading and weighting of poultry which were carried out on a suspension transportation device. The mechanical model of drawing tension was developed by a force analysis to suspension chain conveyors which was used for butchering the poultry. The method of different weighing heights was proposed to estimate the draw tension of chain and the weight of objects was calculated according to the estimated drawing tension. A weighting test device for the poultry weighting was established. At first, a simulation experiment was carried out and the Matlab and SimMechanics were used to simulate the procedure of online weighting. The results showed that correlation coefficient was 0.999 14 between D-value and drawing tension, and the object weight deviation from simulating estimation to drawing tension was within 15.7 g. Then the experiments were conducted on the same test device and the results showed that correlation coefficient was 0.76 and the correlativity between D-value and drawing tension was significant at a significant level of 0.10. The maximum error was 125.03 g when the object weight was calculated according to D-value. The study suggested that it was realistic to get the object weight on the basis of drawing tension, and the online weighing for poultry carcass could be realized through further improving the measurement accuracy. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 14

Main heading: Weighing

Controlled terms: Chain conveyors  -  Chains  -  Conveyors  -  Grading  -  MATLAB  -  Poultry

Uncontrolled terms: Correlation coefficient  -  Force analysis  -  Measurement accuracy  -  Mechanical model  -  Online weighting  -  Poultry carcass  -  Tension analysis  -  Weighing method

Classification code: 602.1 Mechanical Drives

Mechanical Drives

  -  692.1 Conveyors

Conveyors

  -  822.3 Food Products

Food Products

  -  921 Mathematics

Mathematics

  -  943.3 Special Purpose Instruments

Special Purpose Instruments

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.25e-01kg, Mass 1.57e-02kg

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.032

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

21. Object recognition algorithm of tomato harvesting robot using non-color coding approach

Accession number: 20163002642995

Authors: Zhao, Yuanshen (1); Gong, Liang (1); Zhou, Bin (1); Huang, Yixiang (1); Niu, Qingliang (2); Liu, Chengliang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China; (2) School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Chengliang(chlliu@sjtu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 1-7

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to detect the ripe tomato in unstructured environment for robotic harvesting, a tomato recognition algorithm using non-color coding approach was developed. The proposed algorithm was consist of offline training and online recognition. In the process of offline training, a strong classifier was obtained using AdaBoost algorithm with Haar-like features. The Haar-like feature is a kind of non-color coding feature which can be extracted by integral figure calculation. In the online recognition process, the tomato object was detected by using the strong classifier which was obtained in the offline training process. Two couples of comparative tests were conducted to study the influence of the types of Haar-like features and training times on the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results showed that the C-style Haar-like features and 20000 training times were the optimal parameters for the size of training set. The results of online recognition tests indicated that about 93.3% ripe tomatoes existing in the testing samples set were successfully detected. The proposed tomato recognition approach was also successfully applied in the unstructured environment with various disturbances such as occluded, overlapping, and varying illumination, which indicated that the proposed tomato recognition algorithm was self-adaptive and robust. It was available to be applied in the vision recognition system for a harvesting robot. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Algorithms

Controlled terms: Adaptive boosting  -  Codes (symbols)  -  Color  -  Fruits  -  Harvesting  -  Object recognition  -  Robots  -  Signal encoding

Uncontrolled terms: Color coding  -  Haar-like features  -  Harvesting robot  -  Object recognition algorithm  -  On-line recognition  -  Recognition algorithm  -  Tomato  -  Unstructured environments

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing

Information Theory and Signal Processing

  -  723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications

  -  723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing

Data Processing and Image Processing

  -  731.5 Robotics

Robotics

  -  741.1 Light/Optics

Light/Optics

  -  821.3 Agricultural Methods

Agricultural Methods

  -  821.4 Agricultural Products

Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.33e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.001

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

22. Mixing characteristics experiment of paper-based passive micro-mixer for mixing pesticide

Accession number: 20163002643005

Authors: Mao, Hanping (1); Shi, Jie (1); Yang, Ning (2); Yan, Yuting (1); Zuo, Zhiqiang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 73-79

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to discover the influence rules of paper-based passive micro-mixer’s parameters on mixing effect of pesticides, the Y-shaped micro-mixer, Z-shaped micro-mixer, square-wave micro-mixer were selected and the relationships among the parameters of each kind micro-mixer and mixing performance by experiments were researched. Then optimal parameters of each kind micro-mixer were chosen, and mixing performances of three micro-mixers were contrasted under the optimal parameters. The results of experiments show that Y-shaped micro-mixer’s optimal parameters are inlet velocity of 0.010 mL/min, inlet angle of 30°, Z-shaped micro-mixer’s optimal parameters are inlet velocity of 0.010 mL/min, peak separation of 3 mm, corner angle of 30°, square-wave micro-mixer’s optimal parameters are inlet velocity of 0.010 mL/min, wave height of 2 mm, wave width of 5 mm, and under their optimal parameters, Y-shaped micro-mixer’s outlet mixing intensity is 0.622 7, Z-shaped micro-mixer’s outlet mixing intensity is 0.690 2, square-wave micro-mixer’s outlet mixing intensity is 0.732 6. The square-wave micro-mixer has the best mixing performance. Paper-based passive micro-mixer has some fibers in its channel, it can provide dynamic of flowing and enhance the diffusion of liquid pesticides. On the other hand, it can limit the convection to a certain degree. This article researched the mixing performance of paper-based passive micro-mixer for the first time internationally. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 15

Main heading: Mixers (machinery)

Controlled terms: Experiments  -  Inlet flow  -  Mixing  -  Paper  -  Pesticides

Uncontrolled terms: Inlet velocity  -  Micro mixers  -  Mixing characteristics  -  Mixing effects  -  Mixing intensity  -  Mixing performance  -  Optimal parameter  -  Peak separations

Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General

Fluid Flow, General

  -  802.3 Chemical Operations

Chemical Operations

  -  803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals

Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals

  -  811.1 Pulp and Paper

Pulp and Paper

  -  901.3 Engineering Research

Engineering Research

Numerical data indexing: Size 2.00e-03m, Size 3.00e-03m, Size 5.00e-03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.011

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

23. Review of real-time detecting methods of water stress for plants

Accession number: 20163002643034

Authors: Zhao, Yandong (1, 2); Gao, Chao (1, 2); Zhang, Xin (1, 2); Cai, Xiang (3)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) School of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 290-300

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The degree of water stress is an important life index for characterizing plant health. In addition, water stress is a reliable foundation of plant precise tending technology system. Therefore, to study the real-time detecting method of water stress for plants has important theoretical significance and practical application value. The research progress of detecting methods of water stress was discussed from two aspects of physiological indexes(stem flow, water potential, transpiration rate, stem water content) and morphology(2D image, 3D image, stem diameter, spectral feature). The detecting theory of each method was also expounded. Compared with each other, advantages and disadvantages of each method were analyzed from the point of practical application. Detecting methods based on physiological indexes had higher measuring precision. But it had complex operation progress and varying degree of destruction to plants. Detecting methods based on morphology had advantages of nondestructive, quick and simple operation. But it had relatively larger measuring error. Some international production organizations and its relative products which had been widely recognized for detecting water stress were also recommended to researchers. Eventually, two research focuses were proposed based on each method’s advantages and disadvantages. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 84

Main heading: Plants (botany)

Controlled terms: Forestry  -  Intelligent networks  -  Morphology  -  Physiology

Uncontrolled terms: Complex operations  -  Detecting methods  -  Measuring precision  -  Physiological indices  -  Plant water stress  -  Production organizations  -  Stem water content  -  Transpiration rates

Classification code: 461.9 Biology

Biology

  -  951 Materials Science

Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.040

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

24. Sensitivity analysis of cooling influence parameters for multi-temperature refrigerated truck

Accession number: 20163002643032

Authors: Li, Jin (1); Xie, Ruhe (2)

Author affiliation: (1) Department of Automobile, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan; 512005, China; (2) Institute of Logistics and Transport, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou; 510006, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 274-281

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Considering the sensitive factor of each parameter differences, in order to analyze the effect of influence parameters of multi-temperature refrigerator truck on the cooling process, sensitivity analysis method was used to analyze the cooling influence parameters sensitivity of freezing and refrigerated zone for multi-temperature refrigerated trucks. The result shows that: for refrigerated zone, when δiis 100 mm, λiis 0.033 8 W/(m·K) to 0.043 8 W/(m·K), the weights shows an inverse trend which decreases from 0.564 to 0.477; when δiis 20~200 mm, the corresponding weight is 0.448~0.126; when Ffis 0.01~0.02 m2, the corresponding weights is 0.28~0.113, the heavy weights of other parameters are negligibly small; when δg, vw, Q0, vf, Ff, λi, δi, β1and H increased by 30%, the corresponding changing rates of weight are -32%, -36%, -30%, -37%, -34%, -17%, -30%, 1% and 0.5% respectively. Whereas, when δg, vw, Q0, vf, Ff, λi, δi, β1and H decreased by 30%, the corresponding weight changing rates are 90%, 58%, 42%, 78%, 56%, 17%, 44%, -1% and 0.5% respectively. The weight changing rates of the freezing and refrigerated zone are almost the same. When vw, Q0, vf, Ff, δg, λi, δiand β2increased by 30%, the corresponding weight change rates of all the sensitive factors gradually increases in the negative direction except β2, which increases in the positive direction, the corresponding weight changing rates are -23%, -39%, -35%, -29%, -46%, -19%, -20%, -5%. When vw, Q0, vf, Ff, δg, λi, δiand β2decreased by 30%, the corresponding weight change rates of all the sensitive factors gradually increases in the positive direction except β2, which increases in the negative direction, the corresponding weight changing rates are 104%, 50%, 66%, 54%, 138%, 20%, 25%, 5%, respectively. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 15

Main heading: Sensitivity analysis

Controlled terms: Cooling  -  Freezing  -  Refrigerator trucks  -  Spark plasma sintering  -  Trucks

Uncontrolled terms: Cooling process  -  Corresponding weights  -  Delta-I  -  Influence parameter  -  Sensitive factors  -  Sensitivity  -  Weight

Classification code: 641.2 Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer

  -  663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles

Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles

  -  921 Mathematics

Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Area 1.00e-02m2 to 2.00e-02m2, Percentage -1.00e+00%, Percentage -1.70e+01%, Percentage -1.90e+01%, Percentage -2.00e+01%, Percentage -2.30e+01%, Percentage -2.90e+01%, Percentage -3.00e+01%, Percentage -3.20e+01%, Percentage -3.40e+01%, Percentage -3.50e+01%, Percentage -3.60e+01%, Percentage -3.70e+01%, Percentage -3.90e+01%, Percentage -4.60e+01%, Percentage -5.00e+00%, Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 1.04e+02%, Percentage 1.38e+02%, Percentage 1.70e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01%, Percentage 4.40e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e-01%, Percentage 5.40e+01%, Percentage 5.60e+01%, Percentage 5.80e+01%, Percentage 6.60e+01%, Percentage 7.80e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-02m to 2.00e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.038

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

25. Semi-empirical parametric modeling for efficiency characteristics of axial piston pump

Accession number: 20163002642818

Authors: Xu, Rui (1); Gu, Lichen (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Mechanical and Electronic Technology, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an; 710055, China

Corresponding author: Gu, Lichen(gulichen@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 382-390

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to reveal the efficiency characteristics of axial piston pump and improve the accuracy of efficiency characteristics mechanism model under the whole working conditions, a semi-empirical parametric modeling method based on mechanical forward and backward inference for piston pump efficiency characteristics was proposed. Considering the volume loss caused by oil compressibility and the piston pair coulomb’s friction formed by overturning moment, the flow and torque loss mechanism models were established. Then the nonlinear changing regularity of system parameters contained in the composite parameters of mechanism models was analyzed and the composite parameters empirical formulas were fitted based on measurement data. The piston pump efficiency characteristics semi-empirical parametric model was obtained. The results show that average flow and torque loss estimation error are respectively within 3% and 1% over wide operating ranges of speed 500~3 000 r/min and pressure 2~24 MPa. Composite parameters and corresponding loss energy proportion reflect the efficiency characteristics of piston pump directly. The rapid changes of system parameters, such as oil effective volume elastic modulus and coulomb’s friction coefficient, are the fundamental reasons of volumetric efficiency and mechanical efficiency unable to upgrade again and the piston pump efficiency decreased under extreme conditions. The models established in this paper can be used to investigate energy-saving optimization design, performance evaluation, performance degradation and failure mechanism analysis of piston pump deeply and realistically. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 19

Main heading: Parameter estimation

Controlled terms: Energy conservation  -  Friction  -  Identification (control systems)  -  Pistons  -  Pumps  -  Reciprocating pumps

Uncontrolled terms: Axial piston pump  -  Efficiency characteristic  -  Forward-and-backward  -  Mechanical efficiency  -  Optimization design  -  Parametric modeling  -  Performance degradation  -  Volumetric efficiency

Classification code: 525.2 Energy Conservation

Energy Conservation

  -  612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components

Internal Combustion Engine Components

  -  618.2 Pumps

Pumps

  -  731.1 Control Systems

Control Systems

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 3.00e+00%, Pressure 2.00e+06Pa to 2.40e+07Pa, Rotational_Speed 5.00e+02RPM to 3.00e+03RPM

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.052

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

26. Design and experiment of peanut sheller with three drums for plot breeding

Accession number: 20163002643016

Authors: Gao, Lianxing (1, 2); Hui, Zijian (1); Dong, Huashan (1); Xu, Zhongheng (1); Liu, Zhixia (1); Li, Hua (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China; (2) Peanut Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 159-165

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of small amount but large varieties in peanut, low efficiency of artificial shells, high damage rate and low shelling rate of mechanical shelling in peanut breeding research, a shelling scheme which has three-level rotary and single-row three-roll parallel shelling was proposed based on physical and mechanical properties of typical peanut research. The critical components of shelling drum, rotation rod, transmission system were designed, and the peanut sheller prototype was developed. Shelling drum was composed of three sub-rollers which are side-by-side on the same axis, it was able to adjust the distance from the concave screen, and increase or decrease the number of rods. Pneumatic cleaning device was composed of centrifugal fans. Three parameters, including drum rotating speed, hulling interval and hitting times of rods, were selected as experimental factors, the peanut shelling rate and peanut broken injury rate were selected as experimental indexes. Experimental results indicated that drum rotating speed, hulling interval and hitting times of rods all had influence on peanut shelling rate and peanut broken injure rate. The optimum combination indexes were: drum rotating speed of 350 r/min, hulling interval of 20 mm and hitting times of rods of 3. The peanut shelling rate was 99.15% and the peanut broken injury rate was 2.3%. The research results can provide a reference for the development of peanut seed sheller. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 19

Main heading: Oilseeds

Controlled terms: Fans  -  Rotating machinery

Uncontrolled terms: Experimental factors  -  Optimum combination  -  Peanut  -  Physical and mechanical properties  -  Plot breeding  -  Sheller  -  Three drums  -  Transmission systems

Classification code: 601.1 Mechanical Devices

Mechanical Devices

  -  618.3 Blowers and Fans

Blowers and Fans

  -  821.4 Agricultural Products

Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.30e+00%, Percentage 9.92e+01%, Rotational_Speed 3.50e+02RPM, Size 2.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.022

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

27. Robust feature recognition and precise path tracking for vision-guided AGV

Accession number: 20163002643002

Authors: Wu, Xing (1); Shen, Weiliang (1); Lou, Peihuang (1); Wang, Longjun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 48-56

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: An approach of robust feature recognition and precise path tracking based on two visual field windows was proposed for an AGV to identify multi-branch paths and station point reliably, and to follow guide paths accurately. The whole visual field was used as a pattern recognition window, in which a recognition method based on kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and BP neural network was developed. Path features were mapped to a high-dimensional space by using the kernel function and then their dimensionalities were reduced by using PCA. After dimensionality reduction, the sample matrices were recognized by utilizing a BP neural network. Besides, a scaling window method based on a vertical view angle and a tilt installation angle of a camera was suggested for a guidance scanning window. In this window, guide paths were simplified according to a linear model and fitted by using the least square method. Path deviations with respect to the fitted straight line were estimated for AGV guidance. Experimental results show that the KPCA-BP approach improves the real-time performance and robustness of path feature recognition significantly, the average correct rate of which is 99.5% for six types of landmark feature, and that the guidance scanning window decreases the computing error resulted from linear fitting of guide paths effectively, the tracking error of which is no more than 3 mm for linear path and 30 mm for curvilinear path. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 16

Main heading: Principal component analysis

Controlled terms: Air navigation  -  Automatic guided vehicles  -  Backpropagation  -  Least squares approximations  -  Neural networks  -  Pattern recognition  -  Transportation  -  Vision

Uncontrolled terms: Automated guided vehicles  -  Back propagation neural networks  -  Feature recognition  -  Kernel principal component analyses (KPCA)  -  Path tracking  -  Vision guidance

Classification code: 431.5 Air Navigation and Traffic Control

Air Navigation and Traffic Control

  -  723.4 Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence

  -  731.6 Robot Applications

Robot Applications

  -  921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical Methods

  -  922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.95e+01%, Size 3.00e-02m, Size 3.00e-03m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.008

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

28. Design of hydraulic bushings for electric wheel suspension system considering torque ripple

Accession number: 20163002643042

Authors: Zuo, Shuguang (1); Sun, Xiaohua (1); Wu, Xudong (1); Li, Kai (1); Feng, Zhaoyang (1); Ni, Tianxin (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University, Shanghai; 201804, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 354-360

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As the important transmission part of the vehicle vibration, the suspension bushing has a significant effect on weakening the vehicle vibration. In the wheel drive electric vehicle, the broadband frequency longitudinal vibration of the vehicle body will be caused by the torque ripple of the hub motor. The traditional rubber bushing has small changes of damping characteristics in broadband frequency ranges and it will not generate high damping to weaken the vibration rapidly on specific frequency band as well. So the hydraulic bushings were used to attenuate the excitation of torque ripple in particular frequency band. Firstly, the accurate finite element model was established and applied to analyze the sensitive factors of mechanical properties of the hydraulic bushing. Then, the design of the hydraulic bushing was performed according to the results of the analyzed sensitive factors. The results illustrated that the hydraulic bushing could substantially decrease the influence on the vehicle body longitudinal vibration by 13.4% whining the range of 0~120 Hz through the reasonable parameters design of rubber shear modulus of the hydraulic bushing, the cross section area of the channel and the numbers of channels, which also supplies the reference of the suspension structure design of the distributed driving electric vehicle. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 14

Main heading: Bushings

Controlled terms: Automobile bodies  -  Automobile suspensions  -  Damping  -  Design  -  Electric drives  -  Electric vehicles  -  Finite element method  -  Frequency bands  -  Magnetic levitation vehicles  -  Mechanical properties   -  Rubber  -  Suspensions (components)  -  Torque  -  Vehicle transmissions  -  Vehicle wheels  -  Vehicles  -  Vibration analysis  -  Vibrations (mechanical)  -  Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Damping characteristics  -  Hydraulic bushing  -  Liquid solid coupling  -  Longitudinal vibrations  -  Specific frequencies  -  Suspension structure  -  Torque ripples  -  Wheel motors

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components

Machine Components

  -  602.2 Mechanical Transmissions

Mechanical Transmissions

  -  662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components

Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components

  -  704.1 Electric Components

Electric Components

  -  818.1 Natural Rubber

Natural Rubber

  -  921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical Methods

  -  931.1 Mechanics

Mechanics

  -  931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids

Numerical data indexing: Frequency 0.00e+00Hz to 1.20e+02Hz, Percentage 1.34e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.048

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

29. Regulating process control of pH value in nutrient solution of fertigation equipment based on cloud model inference

Accession number: 20163002643003

Authors: Niu, Yin (1); Zhang, Kanyu (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Electromechanical Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai; 200072, China; (2) Institute of Motor and Control Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai; 200072, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Kanyu(kanyu_zhang@agriscience.com.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 57-64 and 72

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The pH value regulating control process has the characteristics of nonlinearity, pure hysteresis, time degeneration and uncertainty in the precision fertigation system. A model described the pH value regulating process was established. The cloud model is a model that can deal with the uncertain transition between qualitative concepts and quantitative description. Based on this, a control algorithm with cloud inference in the variable universe fuzzy-PI controller (CVFPI) was proposed. In this algorithm, the normal cloud model was used to describe certain language concept corresponding to the system error and error rate. The inference of rule premise was realized by X conditional membership cloud while the inference of rule post was realized Y conditional membership cloud. A set of stretching factors with proportional exponential function was used to modify the universe of input and output variable real time, and a two dimensional inference engine based on cloud model was designed to adjust control parameters of PI controller on line. In order to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm, the test platform of pH control process of the fertigation equipment was constructed. Two simulation experiments and two field experiments were carried out using CVFPI, VFPI and PI control algorithm respectively. The contrast testing results demonstrate that the proposed CVFPI control algorithm can meet the requirements of pH process control in the precision fertigation system, it has better characteristics both in dynamic process and steady state. Compared to PI and VFPI, CVFPI has smaller overshoot, shorter stable time and stronger ability of anti-interference. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 19

Main heading: Process control

Controlled terms: Algorithms  -  Cloud computing  -  Controllers  -  Equipment  -  Exponential functions  -  Fuzzy inference  -  Greenhouses  -  Inference engines  -  Nutrients  -  pH   -  Water craft

Uncontrolled terms: Cloud modeling  -  Conditional memberships  -  Control parameters  -  Fertigations  -  Fuzzy-PI controllers  -  Nutrient solution  -  Ph process control  -  Quantitative description

Classification code: 674.1 Small Marine Craft

Small Marine Craft

  -  722.4 Digital Computers and Systems

Digital Computers and Systems

  -  723.4.1 Expert Systems

Expert Systems

  -  732.1 Control Equipment

Control Equipment

  -  801.1 Chemistry, General

Chemistry, General

  -  821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures

Farm Buildings and Other Structures

  -  901 Engineering Profession

Engineering Profession

  -  921 Mathematics

Mathematics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.009

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

30. Design and test of poking roller shoving type potato harvester

Accession number: 20163002643011

Authors: Yang, Ranbing (1); Yang, Hongguang (1); Shang, Shuqi (1); Xu, Pengxiao (1); Cui, Gongpei (1); Liu, Lihui (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao; 266109, China

Corresponding author: Shang, Shuqi(sqshang@qau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 119-126

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the poor separation effect, the lower rate of tuber obvious and the high rate of tuber skin-damage of the rod-link chains of small potato harvester, a poking roller shoving type potato harvester was designed, and the shoving type separate conveying device was studied. The structure and working parameters of the separate device were determined. The device adopts multi-stage roller to continuously push, and realizes the wave type backward separation and transportation of potato-soil. A specific cross mounting angle of the poking teeth on the adjacent poking roller, which ensures the movement track of the potato in the device, was a smooth curve. The quadratic orthogonal rotation combination experiment of three factors were carried out with the moving forward speed, the poking roller speed and hoisting height as experimental factors, the obvious rate and skin-damage rate as experimental indexes. The regression equation was obtained and significance analysis was carried out by using the DPS software. The results showed that the influences on the obvious rate of the respective factors decrease in the order as below, poking roller speed, moving forward speed, and hoisting height, the influences on the skin-damage rate of the respective factors decrease in the order as below, moving forward speed, poking roller speed, and hoisting height, and the moving forward speed of 1.0 m/s, the poking roller speed of 60 r/min and hoisting height of 150 mm were the best combination factors, which leaded to the obvious rate of 99.01%, and the skin-damage rate of 1.24%. The soil was broken in the process of poking tooth rotation. Potato was separated from the soil through picking and throwing of the poking tooth. Compared with the ordinary conveying device, the results show that poking roller shoving type potato harvester had good performance on improving the obvious rate, and had slightly improvement in decreasing the skin-damage rate. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 13

Main heading: Rollers (machine components)

Controlled terms: Chains  -  Cranes  -  Dermatology  -  Experiments  -  Harvesters  -  Separation  -  Soils  -  Speed

Uncontrolled terms: Experimental factors  -  Poking roller shoving type  -  Potato  -  Quadratic orthogonal rotation  -  Regression equation  -  Separate conveying device  -  Significance analysis  -  Structure and working parameters

Classification code: 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology

Medicine and Pharmacology

  -  483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics

Soils and Soil Mechanics

  -  601.2 Machine Components

Machine Components

  -  602.1 Mechanical Drives

Mechanical Drives

  -  693.1 Cranes

Cranes

  -  802.3 Chemical Operations

Chemical Operations

  -  821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

Agricultural Machinery and Equipment

  -  901.3 Engineering Research

Engineering Research

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.24e+00%, Percentage 9.90e+01%, Rotational_Speed 6.00e+01RPM, Size 1.50e-01m, Velocity 1.00e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.017

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

31. Effects of liquid ammonia treatment on enzymatic hydrolysis to fermentable sugars of miscanthus floridulus

Accession number: 20163002643021

Authors: Peng, Hehuan (1); Shao, Qianjun (1, 2); Chandio, Farman Ali (3); Zhao, Chao (1); Li, Bin (1); Ma, Zhongqing (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou; 311300, China; (2) College of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo; 315211, China; (3) Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agricultural University, Tandojam; 70060, Pakistan

Corresponding author: Zhao, Chao(zhaochao@zafu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 47

Issue: 7

Issue date: July 25, 2016

Publication year: 2016

Pages: 196-201

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To effectively improve the enzymatic hydrolysis rate of carbohydrates in lignocelluloses, the liquid ammonia treatment (LAT) was employed as pretreatment for Miscanthus floridulus. The pretreatment temperature T, Miscanthus floridulus moisture M, residence time t and the ratio of ammonia to biomass (dry basis) k were chosen as variable factors. In the experimental ranges of T (70~170 ), M (20%~200%), t (5~30 min) and k (0.5~5.0), the influences of different variable factors on enzymatic hydrolysis of Miscanthus floridulus were investigated. The chemical composition analysis showed that the chemical constitution of Miscanthus floridulus was close to Saccharum arundinaceum and Miscanthus sinensis, and it could be a prior species of plant energy. The pretreatment methods and effects of these biomasses could be used as reference for each other. The parameter optimization results show that the optimal LAT pretreatment conditions for Miscanthus floridulus were 130, 80% moisture content, 10 min residence time and 2.0 ammonia to biomass ratio. Enzymatic hydrolysis using cocktail enzymes including cellulase, β-glucosidase and xylanase for 72 h after pretreatment under optimal conditions, the glucan and xylan hydrolysis rates of LAT-treated Miscanthus floridulus achieved 72.1% and 82.5%, which were 3.3-fold and 4.3-fold than those of untreated biomass respectively. The total fermentable monosaccharides after pretreatment under optimal conditions following enzymatic hydrolysis was 55.8 g per 100 g of dry raw material. Compared with untreated substrates, it was about 3.65-fold in sugar yield for LAT-treated substrates. As a result, the LAT process significantly reduced the recalcitrance of Miscanthus floridulus and facilitated biomass conversion to fermentable sugars. © 2016, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Enzymatic hydrolysis

Controlled terms: Ammonia  -  Bioconversion  -  Biomass  -  Chemical analysis  -  Hydrolysis  -  Liquids  -  Moisture  -  Sugars

Uncontrolled terms: Chemical composition analysis  -  Chemical constitution  -  Liquid ammonia  -  Miscanthus  -  Parameter optimization  -  Pre-Treatment  -  Pretreatment conditions  -  Pretreatment temperature

Classification code: 802.2 Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions

  -  804.1 Organic Compounds

Organic Compounds

  -  804.2 Inorganic Compounds

Inorganic Compounds

Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.00e-01kg, Mass 5.58e-02kg, Percentage 7.21e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Percentage 8.25e+01%, Time 2.59e+05s, Time 3.00e+02s to 1.80e+03s, Time 6.00e+02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.027

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

32. Structural properties research of infrared radiation drying for carrot slices