2017年第5期共收錄52篇
1. Evaluation Model of Irrigation Water Use Efficiency Based on Game Theory and GRA-TOPSIS
Accession number: 20173404070622
Authors: Liu, Dong (1, 2); Gong, Fanghua (1); Fu, Qiang (1); Faiz, M Abrar (1); Li, Tianxiao (1); Cui, Song (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China
Corresponding author: Fu, Qiang(fuqiang0629@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 218-226
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: An objective and comprehensive indicator system was established to evaluate the irrigation water use efficiency of irrigation districts. The subjective weights estimated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the objective weights figured out by improved entropy value method (IEVM) were integrated through using the idea of game theory (GT) to gain a set of final indicator weights. The gray relation analysis (GRA) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) model were combined to assess regional irrigation water use efficiency with combinational weights. Totally ten large-scale irrigation districts in Sanjiang Plain were chosen as the case study to validate this model and index system, and the evaluation results of the proposed GRA-TOPSIS method were compared with those of GRA and TOPSIS. The water use efficiencies of these irrigation districts were evaluated and ranked by the three methods, respectively. The results showed that the Spearman’s rank coefficients between the results of GRA-TOPSIS and those of GRA and TOPSIS were 0.952 and 0.927, respectively, which illustrated that the results of GRA-TOPSIS were consistent with those of GRA or TOPSIS. The correlation coefficients between the effective irrigation water utilization coefficient and the results based on the GRA-TOPSIS method, GRA and TOPSIS were 0.863, 0.742 and 0.736, respectively, implying that the GRA-TOPSIS was superior to GRA and TOPSIS. In addition, the range of comprehensive value obtained by GRA-TOPSIS model was 0.343 with variation coefficient of 0.267, which were all above the ranges and variation coefficients of GRA or TOPSIS methods, revealing a higher resolution ratio and evenness of GRA-TOPSIS model over those of the other two models. Therefore, the GRA-TOPSIS can efficiently assess the irrigation water use efficiency and lead to great convenience to the practice of water resources management. Meanwhile, the indexes of the criterion layer constituted by water-use index, engineering conditions and management level, were evaluated with GRA-TOPSIS. According to the degrees of variation between the ranks of criterion layer and the ranks of target layer, these irrigation districts can be divided into three categories so as to find out the main factors affecting each irrigation district. Wutonghe, Xingkaihu and Jiangchuan irrigation districts were in I category, which should make all-round effort to build up the irrigation districts. Yintang, Yuelai, Jidong, Xingfu and Hamatong irrigation districts were in II category, which should take advantage of the ranks of indicator layer to make further development strategy. Wokenhe and Longtouqiao irrigation districts were in III category, which should make a great improvement in one aspect of criterion layer. In conclusion, the research provided references for evaluating regional irrigation water use efficiency and formulating development strategy for irrigation districts. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 34
Main heading: Irrigation
Controlled terms: Analytic hierarchy process? - ?Efficiency? - ?Game theory? - ?Planning? - ?Strategic planning? - ?Water? - ?Water resources? - ?Water supply
Uncontrolled terms: Comprehensive evaluation? - ?Gray relation analysis? - ?Irrigation districts? - ?Irrigation water use efficiency? - ?Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solutions
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems
Water Supply Systems
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?912.2 Management
Management
? - ?913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
? - ?922.1 Probability Theory
Probability Theory
? - ?961 Systems Science
Systems Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.027
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
2. Parameter Optimization of Black Tea Fermentation Machine Based on RSM and BP-AdaBoost-GA
Accession number: 20173404070637
Authors: Dong, Chunwang (1, 2); Zhao, Jiewen (1); Zhu, Hongkai (3); Yuan, Haibo (2); Ye, Yang (2); Chen, Quansheng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou; 310008, China; (3) Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg; 999017, Denmark
Corresponding author: Chen, Quansheng(qschen@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 335-342
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Fermentation is the key procedure in processing of congou black tea, which directly decides the quality and flavor of tea products. Fermentation experiments were conducted on a novel drum-type fermentation machine as the platform, the performance parameters of fermentation machine were clarified. Methodologically, with dimensionless comprehensive scores as a measure of fermentation quality, response surface methodology (RSM) and back-propagation adaptive boosting based genetic algorithm (BP-AdaBoost-GA) were used separately to optimize three parameters (fermentation temperature x1, fermentation time x2, rotational interval x3) that affect fermentation quality. Also the optimizing effects of RSM and BP-AdaBoost-GA were compared. Results showed that the importance degrees of the three parameters ranked as x1>x3>x2. With RSM at x1=25, x2=150 min and x3=20 min, the predicted and actual values of comprehensive scores were 0.863 and 0.856, respectively, showing relative error of 0.8%. With BP-AdaBoost-GA at x1=27, x2=170 min and x3=25 min, the predicted and actual values of comprehensive scores were 0.871 and 0.868, respectively, showing relative error of 0.3%. When the BP-AdaBoost had seven nodes in the hidden layer and a prediction error threshold of 0.25, its determination coefficient was greater than that of RSM (0.994 vs 0.988), and it had lower root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.017 and residual predictive deviation (RPD) equaled to 18.456. Both RSM and BP-AdaBoost-GA were feasible for optimization of fermentation parameters. However, the fitting ability of RSM was limited because it was based on quadratic polynomial regression, while the fitting ability over experimental data was limited. The algorithm combining improved neural network and GA had higher global extremum prediction ability and higher accuracy. Thus, it can be concluded that even though RSM was the most widely used method for fermentation parameter optimization, BP-AdaBoost-GA methodology may present a better alternative. In the meantime, the rotation function had both advantages and disadvantages on the fermentation quality of black tea, moderate rotation and mixing material can enhance the quality of black tea and shorten the fermentation time. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Adaptive boosting
Controlled terms: Backpropagation? - ?Backpropagation algorithms? - ?Beverages? - ?Errors? - ?Fermentation? - ?Forecasting? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Mean square error? - ?Optimization? - ?Parameter estimation
Uncontrolled terms: AdaBoost algorithm? - ?Black tea fermentation? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Fermentation temperature? - ?Parameter optimization? - ?Performance parameters? - ?Response surface methodology? - ?Root-mean-square error of predictions
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
? - ?822.3 Food Products
Food Products
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e-01%, Percentage 8.00e-01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.042
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
3. Spectral Detection of Chromium Content in Desert Soil Based on Fractional Differential
Accession number: 20173404070613
Authors: Wang, Jingzhe (1, 2); Tashpolat, Tiyip (1, 2); Zhang, Dong (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China
Corresponding author: Tashpolat, Tiyip(tash@xju.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 152-158
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: To solve the problem in prediction of soil heavy metal content at trace levels by hyperspectral data and improve the accuracy of prediction in soil chromium (Cr) content, fractional order differential algorithm was brought in to preprocess hyperspectral data. With 168 samples of soil taken from the open coalmine area in Eastern Junggar Basin, China, the soil heavy metal Cr contents and the reflectance of these samples were measured by indoors experiments. The hyperspectral data were preprocessed by using fractional order differential algorithm, all of the wavelengths among 401~2 400 nm were used to calibrate the hyperspectral estimation models of soil Cr content by partial least squares regression (PLSR) and the predicted values were used in visualization analysis. Finally, the possibility of prediction of chromium content in soil with hyperspectral data preprocessed by fractional differential in coalmine area was discussed. The results showed that fractional order differential model of the raw reflectance and the absorption rate transform both achieved the best performance at the 1.8-order derivative. Among all of the models through fractional order differential preprocessing, the model based on 1.8-order derivative of absorbance transform (RMSEC was 7.68 mg/kg, Rc2=0.83, RMSEP was 8.39 mg/kg, Rp2=0.78, RPD was 2.14) was much better than others, and had better performance in predicting Cr content in desert soil. Then the spatial distribution of the actual Cr content and its estimation values in soil of the study area were obtained by inverse distance weighted (IDW) algorithm. Moreover, the spatial distributions showed the same trend. The results showed that quantitative inversion of soil Cr content and the spatial distribution of large scale were feasible by this method. This research would provide scientific basis and technical support for the application in monitoring heavy metal contamination by hyperspectral data. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Chromium
Controlled terms: Coal mines? - ?Data visualization? - ?Forecasting? - ?Heavy metals? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Landforms? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Reflection? - ?Soil surveys? - ?Soils ? - ?Spatial distribution? - ?Trace elements
Uncontrolled terms: Desert soils? - ?Differential algorithms? - ?Fractional differential? - ?Heavy metal contamination? - ?HyperSpectral? - ?Inverse distance weighted? - ?Partial least squares regressions (PLSR)? - ?Visualization analysis
Classification code: 481.1 Geology
Geology
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?503.1 Coal Mines
Coal Mines
? - ?531 Metallurgy and Metallography
Metallurgy and Metallography
? - ?543.1 Chromium and Alloys
Chromium and Alloys
? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing: Size 4.01e-07m to 2.40e-06m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.018
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
4. Intelligent Design Optimization System for Feed Mechanism of CNC Machine Tool
Accession number: 20173404070352
Authors: Liu, Shihao (1); Du, Yanbin (2); Yao, Keheng (3); Tang, Dunbing (4)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou; 570228, China; (2) College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing; 400067, China; (3) Testing Center, Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing; 210014, China; (4) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 397-404
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming at the CNC machine tool’s machining accuracy demand problem caused by manufacturing intelligentization, an intelligent design optimization system for CNC machine tool’s feed mechanism was constructed. The intelligent design optimization system consisted of requirement analysis module, conventional design module, intelligent optimization module and design resource center, so it can realize knowledge integration, data exchange and model sharing during the design process of CNC machine tool feed mechanism. To meet the dynamic and static performances requirement of CNC machine tool’s feed mechanism, parametric modeling, finite element simulation and thermal-mechanical coupling analysis were conducted, which provided theoretical basis for the optimization design of feed mechanism. On the basis of conducting conventional design for CNC machine tool feed mechanism, sensitivity analysis method, back-propagation neural network and genetic algorithm were used to carry out structural multi-objective optimization for feed mechanism, which improved the intelligent design level of system. Using the constructed system to conduct intelligent design optimization for the Y-axis feed mechanism of a precision gantry CNC machine tool, the dynamic and static performances of the feed mechanism were improved. After conducting experiment on the feed mechanism, the comparison of the optimization result with the experimental value indicated that the intelligent design optimization system was reasonable and feasible. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Machinery
Controlled terms: Backpropagation? - ?Backpropagation algorithms? - ?Computer control systems? - ?Couplings? - ?Design? - ?Dynamic mechanical analysis? - ?Dynamics? - ?Electronic data interchange? - ?Finite element method? - ?Genetic algorithms ? - ?Knowledge management? - ?Machine tools? - ?Machining? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Multiobjective optimization? - ?Neural networks? - ?Sensitivity analysis? - ?Structural optimization
Uncontrolled terms: Back propagation neural networks? - ?CNC machine tools? - ?Feed mechanisms? - ?Finite element simulations? - ?Intelligent designs? - ?Intelligent optimization? - ?Knowledge integration? - ?Thermal-mechanical coupling
Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms
Mechanisms
? - ?603.1 Machine Tools, General
Machine Tools, General
? - ?604.2 Machining Operations
Machining Operations
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.051
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
5. Optimization of Replugging Tour Planning Based on Greedy Genetic Algorithm
Accession number: 20173404070599
Authors: He, Leiying (1, 2); Yang, Taiwei (1); Wu, Chuanyu (1, 2); Yu, Yaxin (1, 2); Tong, Junhua (1, 2); Chen, Chengjin (3)
Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (2) Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Transplanting Equipment and Technology, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (3) Zhejiang Sanfeng Industrial Co., Ltd., Jinhua; 321300, China
Corresponding author: Wu, Chuanyu(cywu@zstu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 36-43
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Replugging tasks make seedling in well consistency in greenhouses. Healthy seedlings are used to replace the ungerminated or poor growth seedlings. This task is labor intensive by traditional manual method. And automated transplanters do the replugging task in high efficiency and good quality. According to the seedlings healthy information which is detected by machine vision, end-effector grasping healthy seedlings does the repetitive replugging task. The position of vacancy holes in plug tray are randomly. Optimizing the seedling grasping sequence can decrease the transplanting path which can improve working efficiency. A greedy genetic algorithm (GGA) was proposed for replugging tour planning which combined the character of greedy algorithm (GAS) and genetic algorithm (GA). The algorithm was robustness. The GGA was suitable for sparse and dense trays’ path optimization when segmentation step value and hereditary algebra were 8 and 100, respectively. The average path deviation of GGA and GA was 443 mm. And their effectiveness was better than that of GAS. Compared with fixed sequence method (FS), the range of optimization amplitude for GGA was 33.8%~41.3%. GA and GGA could finish the optimization operation in 1.81 s and 5.59 s, respectively. The results showed that GGA was more suitable for the action requirement between delivery unit and transplanting unit. The working efficiency of automated transplanter was further improved. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Genetic algorithms
Controlled terms: Automation? - ?Efficiency? - ?Greenhouses? - ?Optimization
Uncontrolled terms: Automated transplanter? - ?Greedy algorithms? - ?High-efficiency? - ?Labor intensive? - ?Optimization operation? - ?Path optimizations? - ?Seedlings? - ?Working efficiency
Classification code: 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications
Automatic Control Principles and Applications
? - ?821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures
Farm Buildings and Other Structures
? - ?913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
Numerical data indexing: Size 4.43e-01m, Time 1.81e+00s, Time 5.59e+00s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.004
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
6. Characteristics of Degradation of Lignocellulose and Microbial Community Diversity during Fermentation of Wolfberry Branches Substrate
Accession number: 20173404070634
Authors: Feng, Haiping (1); Yang, Dongyan (1); Bai, Shenghu (2); Xie, Hua (1); Liu, Xiaomei (2); Pei, Hongxia (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Germplasm Resources, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Yinchuan; 750002, China; (2) Guyuan Yuanzhou District Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Guyuan; 756000, China
Corresponding author: Xie, Hua(xiehua0002@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 313-319 and 334
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The Chinese wolfberry branch, normally as agricultural wastes, is one of the most important renewable and reuseable resources of plant fibers in Ningxia. To improve the efficiency of wolfberry branch utilization, the characteristics of lignocellulose degradation, microbial community metabolism and diversity were studied during the fermentation of wolfberry branches substrate. By design of orthogonal experiment, wolfberry powder branches and sophora alopecuroides stem powder mixed in ratio of 41 were used to study the influence of fermentative factors on microbial community structure and diversity during the fermentation by Biolog-ECO system. The results showed that at the end of the fermentation, the degradation rates of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were stayed above 15%, 19% and 10%, respectively. The treatment, which added oil cake and inoculated with coarse cellulose degrading bacteria, got the higher degradation rates of lignocellulose at temperature of 60, moisture content of 60%, and the degradation rates of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were 18.12%~19.22%, 23.55%~25.21% and 13.87%~14.24%, respectively, which were increased significantly than those of the other treatments; microbial activity and diversity during high temperature period were increased. Average well color development of microbes were 1.019, 1.062, 0.943 and 1.117, and Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and richness index of microbes were 2.321~2.365, 0.930~0.941 and 18.78~20.33, respectively. The ability to metabolize microorganism on part of carbon source was improved, which resulted in promoting degradation of organic matter. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Biodegradation
Controlled terms: Agricultural wastes? - ?Bacteria? - ?Carbon? - ?Cellulose? - ?Degradation? - ?Fermentation? - ?Lignin? - ?Microorganisms
Uncontrolled terms: Average well color development? - ?Cellulose degrading bacteria? - ?Community diversity? - ?Lignocellulose? - ?Lignocellulose degradation? - ?Microbes? - ?Microbial community structures? - ?Orthogonal experiment
Classification code: 461.8 Biotechnology
Biotechnology
? - ?461.9 Biology
Biology
? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 1.90e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.039
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
7. Adsorption Characteristics and Its Parameters Estimation of 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol in Purple Soil
Accession number: 20173404070628
Authors: Lei, Wenjuan (1); Huo, Xi (1); Zhou, Xiangyang (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 267-274
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The adsorption parameters of pesticide are one of the most important factors to determine its destination and pollution in the soil and water. However, these parameters varied substantially in different environments even though tested by the same soil samples. 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyrdionl (TCP) is the main degradation product of pesticide chlorpyrifos and herbicide triclopyr, and it exhibits anti-degradation ability, high water solubility and high migration capability, which would lead to the soil and water pollution easily. This situation might be exacerbated in purple soil distributing regions because of the low organic matter content and large pores with high water conductivity of the soil. In order to provide more accurate data, the adsorption behaviors of TCP in purple soil were explored on the basis of three environments: isothermal adsorption and kinetic adsorption by bath equilibrium experiment, and soil column experiment by breakthrough curves. Then the parameters of these adsorption processes were simulated by their corresponding models. As for kinetic adsorption, the performance of four models was tested, which were pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion model, respectively; isothermal adsorption was fitted by Freundlic, Langmuir and Linear models; and the adsorption in soil column experiment was simulated by Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. By comparing the performance of these methods, the appropriate models were identified, and the adsorption parameters in different environments were obtained through inversion simulation. The main conclusions were as follows: the kinetic adsorption of TCP in purple soil included two stages: both rapid physical adsorption on the surface and slow chemical diffusion inside, and intraparticle diffusion model performed the best with determination coefficient R2of 0.99, implying the diffusion had important effect on the kinetic adsorption; as for isothermal adsorption, Freundilic model performed the best (with R2of 0.94), and the inversion simulated parameter of Kfwas 0.79 mL/g, which indicated a high risk of transportation in soil; in the soil column experiment, the equilibrium time was 1 215 min for breakthrough curve of TCP, and the adsorption rate was 10.65%. The dynamic adsorption curves can be well simulated by Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models (R2≥0.84), from which the equilibrium concentration was obtained: q0equaled to 0.008 6 mg/g. Therefore, this study identified the appropriate model to describe the adsorptions of TCP in purple soil in different environments, and the corresponding parameters were obtained by inversion simulation. These results were able to provide useful references for predicting the destination of TCP in purple soil, as well as other easy transporting pollutants. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: Soil pollution
Controlled terms: Adsorption? - ?Degradation? - ?Diffusion? - ?Herbicides? - ?Isotherms? - ?Kinetics? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Pesticides? - ?Pollution? - ?Soils ? - ?Transmission control protocol? - ?Water pollution? - ?Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms: 3 ,5 ,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol? - ?Adsorption characteristic? - ?Adsorption experiment? - ?Adsorption model? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Equilibrium concentration? - ?Intraparticle diffusion models? - ?Purple soils
Classification code: 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques
Water Treatment Techniques
? - ?453 Water Pollution
Water Pollution
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.07e+01%, Specific_Volume 7.90e-04m3/kg, Time 7.29e+04s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.033
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
8. Research Progress on Detection and Traceability Technology of Stacked Transgenic Plants and Their Products
Accession number: 20173404070609
Authors: Li, Xinxing (1); Zhou, Jing (1); Xu, Wentao (2); Jiao, Weihua (3); Liu, Hengyi (1); Zhang, Lingxian (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Center for Agricultural and Rural Economy, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Ji’nan; 250014, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Lingxian(zlx131@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 117-127
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: As the development of breeding technology, the transgenic crops of single-character were not able to meet the demands of modern agriculture, and the stacked transgenic plants that combine different characters have gradually raised the public’s attention. Based on the literature review, some detection methods of stacked transgenic plants were introduced. The first detection technology was based on the protein, including lateral flow strip detection technique and ELISA detection technology; the second one was based on nucleic acid detection technology, including PCR detection technology, gene-chip technology, isothermal amplification technology and next-generation sequencing technology. In addition, the traceability technology of genetically modified crops and their products was also introduced. The results indicated that the transgenic detection technology was gradually developing to high throughput, high accuracy and high sensitivity and some new detection technologies had appeared and developed; the integration of computer technology and information technology would contribute to the traceability system building; the developing trend of the traceability technology would inevitably need to combine a variety of information technologies in order to integrate the advantages of them. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 76
Main heading: Plants (botany)
Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Error detection? - ?Nucleic acids? - ?Polymerase chain reaction
Uncontrolled terms: Detection technology? - ?Genetically modified crops? - ?Isothermal amplifications? - ?Next-generation sequencing? - ?Nucleic acid detection? - ?Safety evaluations? - ?Traceability? - ?Transgenic plants
Classification code: 801.2 Biochemistry
Biochemistry
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.014
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
9. Mechanical Analysis and Structural Optimization of Knocking Device for Eggshell Crack Detection
Accession number: 20173404070641
Authors: Zhang, Shiqing (1); Dai, Qijun (1); Sun, Li (2); Cai, Jianrong (2); Zhou, Qingqian (2); Zhou, Xiaoli (2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Corresponding author: Sun, Li(raulsunli@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 363-368
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to enhance the ability of response signal to reflect eggshell crack information and improve the accuracy of eggshell crack detection, structural parameters and detection conditions of the excitation stick were optimally designed by dynamic experiments based on mechanical model of the knocking device. The shape of pulse produced by excitation stick was related to the weight of stick, stiffness coefficient and percussion speed according to mechanics analysis results. The spectrum of excitation pulse was analyzed. The results showed that the sensitivity of response signals for eggshell creak information can be improved by reducing the pulse width and increasing the pulse peak. The excitation pulse signal was collected by a quartz force sensor, which was analyzed to optimize the excitation stick by using force spectrum method. In order to ensure that the main lobe band of the excitation force pulse covered the natural frequency of eggs, the weight of the optimized excitation stick with nylon striking end was less than 5.6 g. The relationship model between the pulse peak and the stick percussion speed was established, which would offer a reference to select the appropriate percussion speed for different varieties of eggs. The mathematical model of the transient impulse process was established to provide the basis for the later finite element simulation. The experiment results showed that the excitation pulse produced by the optimized excitation stick had the advantage of good stability, and the correlation coefficients between the pulse of intact eggs and mathematical model were more than 0.92. Frequency band of the pulse could cover the natural frequency of eggs and the pulse had sufficient excitation energy, which were of great help to distinguish between intact eggs and crack eggs and increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of response signal. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Crack detection
Controlled terms: Cracks? - ?Finite element method? - ?Frequency bands? - ?Musical instruments? - ?Natural frequencies? - ?Signal to noise ratio? - ?Structural analysis? - ?Structural optimization
Uncontrolled terms: Correlation coefficient? - ?Dynamic experiment? - ?Finite element simulations? - ?Mechanical analysis? - ?Optimized excitation? - ?Stiffness coefficients? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Transient impulse
Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General
Structural Design, General
? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
Information Theory and Signal Processing
? - ?752.4 Acoustic Generators
Acoustic Generators
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing: Mass 5.60e-03kg
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.046
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
10. Identification and Biological Characteristics of Fungal Pathogens in Blueberry during Postharvest Storage
Accession number: 20173404070636
Authors: Gao, Haiyan (1); Xiao, Shangyue (1); Chen, Hangjun (1); Li, Yunlong (1); Liu, Ruiling (1); Wu, Weijie (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou; 310021, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 327-334
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Mold rot is one of the main factors which lead to the postharvest loss and short shelf-life of blueberry fruits. The objective of this study is to determine the primary fungal pathogens which may cause postharvest decay of blueberry during storage process, and to investigate the biological characteristics of pathogens, providing theoretical basis for disease control and further research. The typical postharvest decay sympotoms of blueberry were described. Five strains designated as LMA, LMB, LMC1, LMC2 and LMC3 were respectively isolated from diseased blueberry fruit harvested in Anji County of Zhejiang Province. Isolates were characterized by colony morphology and conidial characteristics at 28 in dark. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA (ITS1/ITS4) from five isolates was amplified and sequenced. The consensus ITS sequences of five isolates were compared with the associated sequences in GenBank. MEGA 5.0 was used to draw the phylogenetic tree of five isolates and other related sequences. The isolated strains were identified as B. cinerea, T. viridescens, P. cecidicola, P. polonicum and P. expansum, respectively, according to the morphologies of colony and conidial and the rDNA-ITS sequence analysis. The biological characteristics of the isolated strains were further investigated including the effects of different medias, carbon and nitrogen sources, temperatures, pH values and light on mycelial growth of five fungal pathogens using cross method, and the results showed that the suitable culture media and temperature for the five strains were blueberry extract-glucose media and 25~30, respectively. The optimal carbon source was fructose for LMA, LMC1 and LMC2 strains, sucrose for LMB strain, and soluble starch for LMC3 strain. The optimal nitrogen source was peptone for LMA, LMC1 and LMC2 strains, yeast extract powder for LMB1 and LMC3 strains. The effects of light on the mycelia growth of LMA, LMC1 and LMC2 were significant, but that was insignificant on the growth of LMB and LMC3 strains. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 30
Main heading: Pathogens
Controlled terms: Disease control? - ?Fruits? - ?Fungi? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Starch
Uncontrolled terms: Biological characteristic? - ?Blueberry? - ?Isolation and identification? - ?Postharvest disease? - ?RDNA-ITS
Classification code: 461.9 Biology
Biology
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.041
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
11. Reflectance Spectral Characteristics of Black Spot Disease and Disease Detection Method for Citrus
Accession number: 20173404070640
Authors: Zhao, Chuanyuan (1, 2); He, Dongjian (1, 2); Lee, Won Suk (3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville; FL; 32611, United States
Corresponding author: He, Dongjian(hdj168@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 356-362 and 355
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Citrus black spot (CBS), which is one of the most common fungal diseases of citrus, causes lesions on the rind and early fruit drop before its mature stage. This disease can significantly reduce crop yield, making blemished fruit unsuitable for market. The objective of this research was to study the reflectance spectral characteristics of healthy and infected citrus fruits to identify diseased fruit from healthy ones. A portable USB2000+spectrometer was used to acquire spectral reflectance of citrus fruit in the laboratory with wavelength ranged from 340 nm to 1 030 nm. However, the spectra contained thousands of wavelengths, and many of them would be considered as redundant, which may even decrease the classification accuracy. To reduce the data dimensionality and select the useful bands for further application, principal components analysis (PCA) and four band ranking methods, i.e., T-test, Kullback-Leibler distance, Chernoff bound and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were applied. One important wavelength (525 nm) was selected and used to classify healthy and CBS infected fruits. Sequential minimal optimization (SMO), radical basis function network (RBF), and C4.5 classification methods were used to evaluate the performance of the selected band, and SMO achieved the highest accuracy of 99.37%. In order to compare the performance of classification accuracies according to optimal wavelengths selected by using different methods, two other methods, i.e., sequential floating forward selection (SFFS) and mutual information (MI), were applied. Wavelengths of 527 nm and 917 nm were selected based on SFFS, while the MI method selected 513~531 nm as the optimal wavelength range, and the highest recognition accuracy was 99.06%, which was lower than that of using 525 nm. Then SFFS was applied to find the optimal wavelengths for further distinguishing three CBS symptoms. C4.5 method was used to evaluate the performance of distinguishing CBS infected and healthy fruits based on selected wavelengths, and the highest overall classification accuracy was 73.77%. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Citrus fruits
Controlled terms: Classification (of information)? - ?Electric circuit breakers? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Fruits? - ?Learning algorithms? - ?Optimization? - ?Principal component analysis? - ?Reflection
Uncontrolled terms: Citrus black spots? - ?Identification model? - ?Kullback-Leibler distance? - ?Principal components analysis? - ?Receiver operating characteristics? - ?Sequential floating forward selection (SFFS)? - ?Sequential minimal optimization? - ?Spectral characteristics
Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
Information Theory and Signal Processing
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.38e+01%, Percentage 9.91e+01%, Percentage 9.94e+01%, Size 3.40e-07m to 1.03e-06m, Size 5.13e-07m to 5.31e-07m, Size 5.25e-07m, Size 5.27e-07m, Size 9.17e-07m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.045
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
12. Development of ECAS Control Strategy Based on Model-based Design and Its Real Car Experiments
Accession number: 20173404070644
Authors: Yan, Tianyi (1); Li, Congcong (1); Cho, X.H. (2); Sun, Fuquan (1); Lu, Jingeng (1); Dai, Zuoqiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao; 266071, China; (2) TGM Motors, Hamyang; 50021, Korea, Republic of
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 385-389
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: To improve a SUV’s ride quality and mobility, etc., an electronic control unit of electronically controlled air suspensions (ECAS) was designed by using a Freescale XDT512 micro-controller, which consisted of a minimum system, a power source module, a driving module, a speed signal processing module, a double acceleration module, an analog signal processing module, a communication module and so on. The control strategy model of an ECAS system was designed by using the model-based design method, which included an auto-mode sub_model, a manual-model sub_model and a repair-mode sub_model. The height of the car can be automatically adjusted according to the speed in auto-mode, and a driver can freely set the height of the car by using a human-machine interface in manual-mode. In repair-mode, the functions of the ECAS system were disabled to prevent any unexpected action. The structural test and functional test were conducted after a set of test cases were properly designed. When fixed-point treatment was conducted, the control model was converted into an application program by using RTW technologies, and then it was integrated with low-level driven programs, the final integrated program was downloaded into the electronic control unit of an ECAS. Then vehicle experiments were carried out, the results of experiments showed that the proposed control strategy fulfilled the design requirements. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Quality control
Controlled terms: Application programs? - ?Automobile suspensions? - ?Design? - ?Experiments? - ?Industrial electronics? - ?Magnetic levitation vehicles? - ?Repair? - ?Servomechanisms? - ?Signal processing? - ?Suspensions (components)
Uncontrolled terms: Air suspension systems? - ?Analog signal processing? - ?Communication modules? - ?Control strategies? - ?Electronic control units? - ?Electronic controls? - ?Human Machine Interface? - ?Model- based designs
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
? - ?662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components
Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components
? - ?705 Electric Generators and Motors
Electric Generators and Motors
? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing
Information Theory and Signal Processing
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
Quality Assurance and Control
? - ?913.5 Maintenance
Maintenance
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.049
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
13. Oblique Type Pricking Hole Mechanism Based on Lagrange Curve for Cubic Fitting Trajectory
Accession number: 20173404070604
Authors: Wang, Jinwu (1); Zhou, Wenqi (1); Wang, Xiu (2); Li, Xin (1); Wang, Jinlong (1); Li, Shuwei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Beijing Research Center for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Beijing; 100097, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 79-85
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The effects of liquid fertilization for concentrating near crop root system are to speed up the absorption of crops and improve the yield and quality of crops. Deep-into type liquid fertilizer applicator makes the liquid fertilizer into the soil. Aiming to meet the agronomic requirement of trajectory and posture of spray fertilizer needle of oblique type pricking hole mechanism when it got into and out soil and spray fertilizer needle did not damage crops, an optimization method of parameters reverse design was put forward based on Lagrange curve for cubic fitting trajectory. In order to obtain the ideal “xing hu” shaped trajectory for pricking hole, the posture of spray fertilizer needle got into and out soil was controlled by changing the coordinates for some types of value points on static trajectory, and then the kinematics model of spray fertilizer needle was established. The simulation software of reverse design and kinematics analysis was compiled, which was written by Matlab GUI development platform. Finally, the pitch curve of non-circular planetary gear trains, the angle of spray fertilizer needle got into and out soil and speed curve of spray fertilizer needle point along with the change of planet frame angle were got. High-speed photography bench was established and tested. The regulars of relative motion trajectory and absolute motion trajectory of spray fertilizer needle in different oblique angles of pricking hole mechanism were observed and analyzed. The results showed that as the oblique angles of institution increased, the lateral size of track of spray fertilizer needle remained the same, the longitudinal size of track of spray fertilizer needle was decreased, the trajectory curve of pricking hole mechanism was gradually inward contraction. The angles of spray fertilizer needle got into and out the soil were increased gradually when the soil depth was certain; as the oblique angles of institution increased, the width of hole mouth was increased. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Fertilizers
Controlled terms: Applicators? - ?Computer software? - ?Crops? - ?Curve fitting? - ?Gears? - ?High speed photography? - ?Kinematics? - ?Lagrange multipliers? - ?Liquids? - ?MATLAB ? - ?Needles? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Soils? - ?Trajectories
Uncontrolled terms: Kinematics analysis? - ?Kinematics modeling? - ?Lagrange? - ?Liquid fertilizer applicators? - ?Liquid fertilizers? - ?Optimization method? - ?Planetary gear train? - ?Simulation software
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?601 Mechanical Design
Mechanical Design
? - ?601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?742.1 Photography
Photography
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.009
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
14. Upgrading of Bio-oil and Its Heavy Composition by Using Emulsification
Accession number: 20173404070635
Authors: Xu, Xiwei (1); Li, Zhiyu (1); Zhuang, Wenyu (1); Sun, Yan (1); Jiang, Enchen (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China
Corresponding author: Jiang, Enchen(ecjiang@sina.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 320-326 and 274
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Bio-oil which derivates from fast pyrolysis of biomass is a promising product for replacing the traditional fossil oil. Bio-oil with high oxygen, high viscosity, strong acid, low heat value and poor thermal stability is not beneficial to the industry application. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of bio-oil. The technology of ultrasonic emulsification and additives was used to improve the stability and decrease the oxygen content. The influence of ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, the kinds of alcohol and the ratio of alcohol on the improvement of bio-oil quality was investigated. The result showed that the stability and heat value can be effectively improved when adding alcohol or using ultrasonic emulsification appropriately. With the increase of ultrasonic time or the ultrasonic power, the viscosity was increased first and then increased after a decreasing. When the content of alcohol was not enough, the addition of emulsification auxiliaries could improve the stability of the emulsification liquid effectively. Heavy oil combined with alcohol showed a better stability, and the TG curve was significantly shifted to lower temperature zone. The results of TG curve of emulsified heavy oil and alcohol showed that methanol and ethanol were more conducive to the heavy oil in polymer or oligomer ester alcoholysis. When the ratio of additional methanol to bio-oil was 31, the viscosity was decreased from 32.47 mm2/s to 1.73 mm2/s and calorific value was increased from 15.21 MJ/kg to 19.43 MJ/kg, the quality of the emulsified oil was improved significantly. With the increase of carbon chain, the caloric value of bio-oil was increased gradually. And there was no obvious delamination in the mixture and the viscosity was decreased. The ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power had significant influence on the physicochemical properties of the emulsion, when n-butanol and heavy oil were mixed by 11, the viscosity of heavy oil emulsion was effectively reduced after ultrasonic treatment for 10 min under 150 W. Under the condition of low alcohol content, the emulsifier can effectively increase the stability of emulsion. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Emulsification
Controlled terms: Biofuels? - ?Calorific value? - ?Carbon? - ?Convergence of numerical methods? - ?Crude oil? - ?Emulsions? - ?Heavy oil production? - ?Methanol? - ?Stability? - ?Viscosity
Uncontrolled terms: Bio oil? - ?Heavy-oil emulsions? - ?High viscosities? - ?Industry applications? - ?Lower temperatures? - ?Physicochemical property? - ?Ultrasonic emulsification? - ?Ultrasonic treatments
Classification code: 511.1 Oil Field Production Operations
Oil Field Production Operations
? - ?512.1 Petroleum Deposits
Petroleum Deposits
? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing: Power 1.50e+02W, Specific_Energy 1.52e+07J/kg to 1.94e+07J/kg, Time 6.00e+02s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.040
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
15. Establishment and Experimental Validation of Nozzle Cavitation Model
Accession number: 20173404070643
Authors: Ma, Bin (1); Gao, Ying (1); Liu, Yu (1); Liu, Hongqi (1); Deng, Haipeng (1); Wang, Yadi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Automobile Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China
Corresponding author: Gao, Ying(ying-gao@vip.sina.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 377-384
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Fuel spray atomization strongly affects engine economic performance and emissions, which in turn is significantly influenced by nozzle cavitation phenomenon with high injection pressure in diesel and GDI engine. A new cavitation model named “nozzle cavitation model” was presented to specifically simulate nozzle cavitation while the corresponding visual experiment was made to validate this model. The presented model considered phase change, bubble dynamics, turbulent pressure fluctuations and noncondensable gases while the equation of phase-change rate was amended by cavitation number. The comparison of simulation results with “nozzle cavitation model”, simulation results with Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model and visual experimental results showed that the development trend of nozzle cavitation from “nozzle cavitation model” and Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model both agreed well with experimental results, that was, the normalized cavitation length was increased with the enhancement of injection pressure and the maximal increase appeared on the transition from development cavitation to super cavitation. The normalized cavitation length from “nozzle cavitation model” agreed well with experimental results while that from Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model was obviously less than that of experimental results. The maximum errors of normalized cavitation length simulated with the two cavitation models both appeared at super cavitation stage, which were 8% with “nozzle cavitation model” and 35% with Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model. The conclusion that the predictive capability of “nozzle cavitation model” was superior to that of Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model for simulation of nozzle cavitation was mainly because of the turbulent viscosity in near-wall region calculated from the former was lower than that from the latter, the threshold pressure value to produce phase change from the former was higher than that from the latter, the bubble number density from the former was amended by volume fraction of noncondensable gases and the equation of phase-change rate from the former was amended by cavitation number. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Cavitation
Controlled terms: Computer simulation? - ?Density of gases? - ?Engines? - ?Nozzles? - ?Spray nozzles
Uncontrolled terms: Bubble number densities? - ?Experimental validations? - ?Fuel spray atomization? - ?High injection pressures? - ?Injector? - ?Model validation? - ?Predictive capabilities? - ?Turbulent pressure fluctuations
Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics
Liquid Dynamics
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.50e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.048
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
16. Design and Experiment on Integrated Longitudinal Axial Flow Threshing and Separating Device of Rape Combine Harvester
Accession number: 20173404070608
Authors: Li, Haitong (1); Wan, Xingyu (1); Wang, Hua (1); Jiang, Yajun (1); Liao, Qingxi (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha; 410128, China
Corresponding author: Liao, Qingxi(liaoqx@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 108-116
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming at the problems of complex structure, long transportation distance and block of chain scraper conveying groove on rape combine harvester, an integrated longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device was designed, which could replace the traditional chain scraper conveying groove. The forced feeding unit and longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device were integrated together, their axes were distributed as “T”pattern. Rape stalks were transported by forced feeding unit and threshed and separated relying on longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device. According to the working process of integrated longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device, length, diameter, and rotational speed of forced feeding wheel and longitudinal axial flow threshing cylinder and other main parameters were determined. The indoor experiment was conducted and its results showed that when the feed quantity was 2.0 kg/s and rotational speed of forced feeding wheel ranged from 300 r/min to 450 r/min, entrainment loss rate of integrated longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device was less than 1.31%; when the rotational speed of forced feeding wheel was 400 r/min, and feed quantity varied from 1.0 kg/s to 2.5 kg/s, the entrainment loss rate of was less than 1.18%, which met the design target of threshing and separating device for rape. Field experiments on rape combine harvester showed that integrated longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device could adapted to operational requirements of rape combine harvester, materials were transported from header to threshing and separating device evenly and successively and threshed and separated. This study provided a reference for simplifying the whole structure of the rape combine harvester and reducing the flow path of rape in the combine harvester. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Harvesters
Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Axial flow? - ?Chains? - ?Combines? - ?Experiments? - ?Feeding? - ?Tools? - ?Wheels
Uncontrolled terms: Combine harvesters? - ?Complex structure? - ?Feeding devices? - ?Indoor experiment? - ?Operational requirements? - ?Rape? - ?Threshing and separating? - ?Transportation distance
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
? - ?602.1 Mechanical Drives
Mechanical Drives
? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods
Materials Handling Methods
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Flow_Rate 1.00e+00kg/s to 2.50e+00kg/s, Mass_Flow_Rate 2.00e+00kg/s, Percentage 1.18e+00%, Rotational_Speed 3.00e+02RPM to 4.50e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 4.00e+02RPM
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.013
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
17. Effect of Micro-pressure Heating on Soymilk Flavor Characteristics
Accession number: 20173404070638
Authors: Shi, Xiaodi (1); Zuo, Feng (1, 2); Guo, Shuntang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing; 163319, China
Corresponding author: Guo, Shuntang(shuntang@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 343-349
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Micro-pressure heating is a new technique for soymilk processing, but the effect of this heating treatment on soymilk flavor characteristics is not clear. Therefore, traditional heating and micro-pressure heating were respectively applied during the preparation of soymilk, and the heating time was set as 5 min, 10 min, 15 min and 20 min, and then sensory evaluation as well as analysis of the changes in the contents of soymilk critical flavor compounds was conducted. The results showed that compared with traditional heating, micro-pressure heating could more significantly decrease the sensory score of beany odor and increase the intensity of cooked beans aroma and sweet aroma, but extending the heating time led to the cooked flavor remarkably enhanced. Furthermore, micro-pressure heating could effectively decrease the content of hexanal, and as the heating time increased (more than or equal to 15 min), the contents of other critical beany flavor compounds, including trans-2-hexenal, 1-octene-3-ol and trans, trans-2, 4-decadienal, were also significantly decreased, and for the critical non-beany flavor compounds, nonanal and trans-2-octenal suffered great loss, while trans-2-nonanal was thermally stable. According to the odor activity value (OAV) of critical soymilk flavor compounds, although micro-pressure heating could decrease the OAVs of both beany flavor and non-beany flavor, greater decrease occurred in the OAV of beany flavor, thus this heating treatment could effectively adjust the ratio of different flavor compounds and improve the entire flavor quality of soymilk, and soymilk treated with micro-pressure heating for 10 min was proved to have the best flavor profile. It can be seen that micro-pressure heating was beneficial to optimize the processing quality of soymilk and had a good prospect of industrialization. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: Flavor compounds
Controlled terms: Gas chromatography? - ?Heating? - ?Odors? - ?Pressure effects? - ?Sensory analysis
Uncontrolled terms: Flavor profiles? - ?Heating treatments? - ?Odor activity value (OAV)? - ?Pressure heating? - ?Processing quality? - ?Soy milk? - ?Thermally stable? - ?Traditional heating
Classification code: 802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?822.3 Food Products
Food Products
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Time 1.20e+03s, Time 3.00e+02s, Time 6.00e+02s, Time 9.00e+02s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.043
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
18. Design and Experiment on Hydraulic Brake System of Intelligent Automobile Parallel Electric Control
Accession number: 20173404070642
Authors: Yuan, Chaochun (1, 2); Fan, Xinggen (1); Yuan, Huiying (3); Shen, Jie (2); Chen, Long (1); Bei, Shaoyi (4)
Author affiliation: (1) Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn; MI; 48128, United States; (3) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (4) School of Automotive Engineering, Jiangsu Institute of Technology, Changzhou; 213001, China
Corresponding author: Bei, Shaoyi(bsy1968@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 369-376
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to improve the performance and reliability of intelligent automatic braking system and the braking performance of traditional hydraulic braking system, on the basis of active collision avoidance system, a parallel electro-hydraulic anti-collision automatic braking system was designed based on the traditional hydraulic braking system, its mathematical model in the state of supercharging and decompression was also established. In view of the parameter perturbation and non-linear time-varying characteristics of vehicle dynamics, and also considered the vehicle in the process of vehicle quality changes and brake disc-brake pads friction coefficient changes, the μ control strategy was proposed to control the brake line pressure, an electronic control hydraulic brake controller based on μ control strategy and controller performance indicators were designed to simulate the performance of the controller under the influence of parameters perturbation and external disturbance, and the μ control strategy was compared with the H∞control strategy. The results showed that the electronic control hydraulic braking system with μ control algorithm can control the steady-state errors of expected accelerations of the whole vehicle within 5% under the conditions of 30% increase in the mass of the whole vehicle and 30% decrease in the friction coefficient of the brake disc-friction disc. The stabilization time was 1.7 s and 1.4 s, respectively, indicating the accuracy of the model was high, which solved the influence of parameter perturbation and sensor noise on the performance of controller in the electronic control hydraulic braking system. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Quality control
Controlled terms: Braking? - ?Braking performance? - ?Collision avoidance? - ?Controllers? - ?Design? - ?Friction? - ?Friction materials? - ?Hydraulic brakes? - ?Industrial electronics? - ?Intelligent vehicle highway systems ? - ?Servomechanisms? - ?Tribology? - ?Vehicles
Uncontrolled terms: Brake systems? - ?Collision avoidance systems? - ?Controller performance? - ?Hydraulic brake systems? - ?Intelligent automobile? - ?Parameters perturbations? - ?Performance and reliabilities? - ?Perturbation
Classification code: 406.1 Highway Systems
Highway Systems
? - ?602 Mechanical Drives and Transmissions
Mechanical Drives and Transmissions
? - ?662.1 Automobiles
Automobiles
? - ?732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
Quality Assurance and Control
? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
Accidents and Accident Prevention
? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Time 1.40e+00s, Time 1.70e+00s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.047
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
19. Schedule Algorithm of Multiple Threads of Gateway of Environmental Monitoring System in Greenhouse
Accession number: 20173404070615
Authors: Hou, Chen (1); Wang, Haibo (2); Liu, Fengzhi (2); Shi, Xiangbin (2); Zhao, Qianchuan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing; 100084, China; (2) Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng; 125100, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Qianchuan(zhaoqc@tsinghua.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 167-173
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: As Internet of things (IoT) has stepped out of the infancy and is gaining more and more popularity around the world, the gateway of environmental monitoring system has also always been attracting people’s eyes. With the capability to bridge application layer with sensing layer, gateway usually possesses multiple threads. Reasonably scheduling these threads matters most to the performance of gateway even the environmental monitoring system. Targeting at reasonable schedule, a kind of multiple threads schedule algorithm was researched and developed (MTSA) to weaken data jam by suitable duration of pending each thread and reasonable control for the execution sequence of thread. This duration was subject to the interval between two operations of pushing data from gateway to Web Server, the number of threads, and the relationship between maximal and effective power consumption. In order to overcome the difficulty in deciding the duration of pending each thread just by experience, the multiple threads integrated into the gateway of the environmental monitoring system were firstly displayed, and then the specific steps of MTSA were presented. In addition, the duration of pending each thread in MTSA was determined by taking the relationship between the maximal and effective power consumption into consideration, and the impact of MTSA on weakening data jam was also analyzed. With the purpose of demonstrating the performance of MTSA, a field experiment in the grape greenhouse was carried out. In this experiment, the comparison between MTSA and a popular algorithm of heuristic method (HM) was done in terms of decreasing the data loss to check the higher efficiency of MTSA than HM in guaranteeing that Web was capable of receiving the environment data, including temperature, relative humidity and illumine. As for the experiment results, data loss by NTSA was only 3.4%, which was much more less than that of 56% by HM, which verified the use of MSTA. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Monitoring
Controlled terms: Electric power utilization? - ?Environmental engineering? - ?Gateways (computer networks)? - ?Green computing? - ?Greenhouses? - ?Heuristic methods? - ?Internet of things? - ?Scheduling? - ?Scheduling algorithms
Uncontrolled terms: Bridge applications? - ?Environmental monitoring system? - ?Execution sequences? - ?Internet of Things (IOT)? - ?Monitoring system? - ?Multiple threads? - ?Number of threads? - ?Schedule algorithms
Classification code: 706.1 Electric Power Systems
Electric Power Systems
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures
Farm Buildings and Other Structures
? - ?912.2 Management
Management
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.40e+00%, Percentage 5.60e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.020
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
20. Process Optimization of Pollutant Gases Emission Reduction with Superphosphate Addition during Pig Manure Composting
Accession number: 20173404070633
Authors: Wu, Juan (1, 2); He, Shengzhou (1, 3); Li, Guoxue (1, 3); Li, Zhaohui (2); Bao, Yifan (2); Liang, Ying (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China; (2) Environmental Monitoring Station of Baotou, Baotou; 014060, China; (3) Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Beijing; 100193, China
Corresponding author: Li, Guoxue(ligx@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 304-312
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Superphosphate is used as additive to reduce ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions during composting, while the availability of phosphorus can be increased. It is an effective way for environmental risk reduction and compost quality improvement. Based on different process parameters significantly influenced pollutant gases production, effects of different aeration rates (AR: 0.12 L/(kg·min), 0.24 L/(kg·min), 0.36 L/(kg·min)), moisture contents (MC: 55%, 60%, 65%) and C/N ratios (15, 18, 21) on CO2, CH4, NH3and N2O emissions during pig manure composting were studied with superphosphate addition (10% dry matter of initial raw material). The results showed that the nitrogen fixation capability of superphosphate was obviously reduced by AR of 0.36 L/(kg·min), and AR of 0.12 L/(kg·min) was the best for NH3emission reduction. With superphosphate addition, it showed an effective control on N2O emission and significant reduction on CH4production in all treatments. N2O production could be further decreased with AR of 0.12 L/(kg·min) during thermophilic phase of pig manure composting. However, CH4and N2O generations could be promoted with MC of 65%. All process parameters showed no negative effect on compost stability and maturity in 35 d composting. During pig manure composting with superphosphate addition, the recommended parameters with the lowest greenhouse effect of CO2, CH4, NH3and N2O were MC of 60%, AR of 0.12 L/(kg·min) and C/N ratio of 18. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 38
Main heading: Manures
Controlled terms: Carbon dioxide? - ?Composting? - ?Emission control? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Greenhouse effect? - ?Greenhouse gases? - ?Nitrogen fixation? - ?Nitrogen oxides? - ?Optimization? - ?Pollution
Uncontrolled terms: Aeration rate? - ?Compost quality? - ?Compost stability? - ?Emission reduction? - ?Environmental risks? - ?Process parameters? - ?Superphosphate? - ?Thermophilic phase
Classification code: 451 Air Pollution
Air Pollution
? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Agricultural Wastes
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 5.50e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 6.50e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.038
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
21. All-solid-state Nitrate-selective Electrodes Based on Graphene Aerogels
Accession number: 20173404070618
Authors: Yan, Yuting (1); Mao, Hanping (1); Wang, Kun (1); Zuo, Zhiqiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Corresponding author: Mao, Hanping(maohp@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 188-192
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: It is of great advantage for advanced potentiometric detection systems to develop ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) by using solid-state transducer materials. Conducting polymers are the most used solid-state transducing materials. However, their reliability is strongly related to their chemical stability and the formation of internal water films. The ISEs with the implementation of graphene as ion-to-electron transducer were reported. And it was found that the electric current for the graphene modified electrode was decreased with the decrease of thickness of the graphene transducing layer. Thus, a novel all-solid-state nitrate-selective electrode with implementation of 3D multilayer graphene aerogels (GAs) as solid-contact layer was developed. And the as-prepared GAs was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The GAs films as transducer materials in potentiometric all-solid-state ISEs showed better electrochemical performance in reducing graphene oxide (RGO) films due to its multilayer structure, which was demonstrated by the cyclic voltammetry (CV). As a proof of concept, the performance of the newly developed electrode was evaluated on the basis of nitrate ions. And the hydrophobic nature of the GAs film was characterized via the potentiometric water layer test. The obtained results showed that graphene can significantly facilitate the ion-to-electron transducer and prevent the formation of water layer between the ion-selective membrane and the graphene layer. And the new nitrate-selective electrode displayed a low detection limit of 10-4.2mol/L. GAs offered great promise as a reliable high-performance transducer material for solid-state ISE sensors. Furthermore, the developed electrode exhibited fast response and excellent potential stability, which made it very promising for routine analysis and application. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Graphene
Controlled terms: Aerogels? - ?Chemical sensors? - ?Chemical stability? - ?Conducting polymers? - ?Cyclic voltammetry? - ?Electrodes? - ?Films? - ?Gases? - ?High resolution transmission electron microscopy? - ?Ion selective electrodes ? - ?Ion selective membranes? - ?Ions? - ?Multilayer films? - ?Multilayers? - ?Nitrates? - ?Oxide films? - ?Potentiometers (electric measuring instruments)? - ?Potentiometric sensors? - ?Solid-state sensors? - ?Transducers ? - ?Transmission electron microscopy
Uncontrolled terms: All-solid state? - ?Electrochemical performance? - ?Graphene aerogels? - ?Multilayer structures? - ?Nitrate detections? - ?Potentiometric detection? - ?Selective electrodes? - ?Solid-state transducers
Classification code: 708.2 Conducting Materials
Conducting Materials
? - ?732.2 Control Instrumentation
Control Instrumentation
? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems
Optical Devices and Systems
? - ?761 Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology
? - ?801 Chemistry
Chemistry
? - ?802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment
Chemical Plants and Equipment
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
? - ?942.1 Electric and Electronic Instruments
Electric and Electronic Instruments
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.023
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
22. Dimensional Synthesis and Trajectory Planning of Plug Seedling Transplanting Robot Based on Delta Parallel Mechanism
Accession number: 20173404070598
Authors: Hu, Jianping (1); Jin, Heqi (1); Chang, Yanchao (1); Liu, Wei (1); Han, Lühua (1); Yang, Qizhi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 28-35
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Delta parallel mechanism is effective in speed, kinematic accuracy and flexibility, which is appropriate for the plug seedling transplanting and healthy plug seedling filling, thus a high-speed plug seeding transplanting robot was designed by using Delta parallel mechanism with a pneumatic manipulator. The reachable workspace of the plug seedling transplanting robot was obtained by building the single chain constraint equations of the Delta parallel mechanism; taking the condition number of Jacobian matrix as the penality condition, a dimensional synthesis target function was built considering the size and kinematic performances of the plug seeding transplanting robot for the purpose of making the reachable workspace close to the needing workspace, then the dimensional synthesis for the plug seedling transplanting robot was obtained by using the genetic algorithm. In accordance with the motion demand of plug seedling translating robot, trajectory planning was carried out and quintic polynomial motion law was taken as the principle of operation for the moving platform. Based on the mechanism dimensions and trajectory planning, a physical prototype was built and transplanting experiment was carried out. The experiment results showed that the success rate of plug seedling transplanting was decreased when the transplanting acceleration was increased, the success rate of plug seeding transplanting was up to 95.5%, the success rate of plug seeding filling was up to 92%, transplanting rate can reach 2 149 plants per hour when the transplanting acceleration was 30 m/s2, which demonstrated the practicability and rationality of the dimensional synthesis and trajectory planning when the Delta parallel mechanism was used in plug seedling transplanting. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Robot programming
Controlled terms: Genetic algorithms? - ?Jacobian matrices? - ?Kinematics? - ?Manipulators? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Number theory? - ?Robots? - ?Seed? - ?Trajectories
Uncontrolled terms: Dimensional synthesis? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Performance tests? - ?Plug transplanting? - ?Trajectory Planning
Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms
Mechanisms
? - ?731.5 Robotics
Robotics
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?921.1 Algebra
Algebra
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Acceleration 3.00e+01m/s2, Percentage 9.20e+01%, Percentage 9.55e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.003
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
23. Detection System for Pesticides with Paper-based Microfluidic Chip
Accession number: 20173404070606
Authors: Mao, Hanping (1); Zuo, Zhiqiang (1); Shi, Jie (1); Yang, Ning (1, 2); Huang, J.S. (3); Yan, Yuting (1, 4)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (3) The Information Theory and Applications Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego; CA; 92126, United States; (4) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 94-100
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to solve the problems relating to pesticides detection with the use of complex instruments in terms of high cost, tedious operation and low degree of automation, a new method for pesticides detection with paper-based microfluidic chip was provided. The paper-based microfluidic chip was designed and developed with automatic sample injection, hybrid reaction and electrochemical detection. Subsequently, the enzyme electrode of ring structure was prepared by chemical crosslinking method using graphite carbon and Ag/AgCl materials and then characterized with electrochemistry cyclic voltammetry (CV). The integrated enzyme electrode of the paper-based microfluidic detection system for pesticides was built based on enzyme inhibition mechanism. Finally, the linear model between inhibition rate and parathion pesticides concentration was set up and the performance of the enzyme electrode was tested. The results showed that the prepared enzyme electrode was of good repeatability, linearity and stability. Furthermore, a linear relationship was displayed between inhibition rate and parathion pesticides, which was represented by the equation I=158.82+21.11lgC with good linear range of 1.0×10-7g/mL~1.0×10-5g/mL. The determination coefficient obtained was 0.993 and the corresponding limit of detection was 3.3×10-8g/mL. The enzyme electrode integrated on the paper-based microfluidic chip was robust with parathion pesticides which can not be interfered with other pesticides and substance with standard addition recovery rate of 95.8%~115.0%. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Enzyme inhibition
Controlled terms: Carbon? - ?Chemical detection? - ?Crosslinking? - ?Cyclic voltammetry? - ?Electrochemical electrodes? - ?Electrochemistry? - ?Electrodes? - ?Enzyme electrodes? - ?Enzymes? - ?Fluidic devices ? - ?Microfluidics? - ?Pesticides
Uncontrolled terms: Chemical cross-linking? - ?Detection system? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?ELectrochemical detection? - ?Enzyme inhibition mechanism? - ?Limit of detection? - ?Linear relationships? - ?Paper-based microfluidics
Classification code: 461.8 Biotechnology
Biotechnology
? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery
Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery
? - ?632.5.1 Microfluidics
Microfluidics
? - ?801 Chemistry
Chemistry
? - ?801.4.1 Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry
? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.011
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
24. Simulation of Typical Canal Seepage Based on Temperature Tracer Method
Accession number: 20173404070626
Authors: Pan, Weiyan (1, 2); Pu, Weiru (1, 2); Huang, Quanzhong (1, 2); Huang, Guanhua (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Center for Agricultural Water Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Huang, Quanzhong(huangqzh@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 251-257
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Canal seepage is of great concern because of the water shortage and efficient use of irrigation water resource in many irrigation districts. To investigate the infiltration loss, heat was used as a natural tracer to characterize the canal seepage during irrigation channels conveyance. The field experiment was carried out in a typical canal located in Hetao Irrigation District. Time-domain reflectometer and thermal sensors were used to monitor the soil moisture content and temperature around the typical cannel. The tracer experiment indicated that temperature changes in the shallow sediments characterized canal seepage properties. Based on the interactions between groundwater and surface water temperature, temperature changes can derive the river flow even without water level data. Two-dimensional water and heat model, VS2D, was applied to simulate the dynamic process of water and heat in the saturated and unsaturated soils. And the soil hydraulic parameters, including saturated water content and hydraulic conductivity were inversed by the VS2D model. The hydraulic conductivity was 0.025 m/d for the silt loam and 0.6 m/d for the loamy sand soil in the experiment area, respectively. The simulation results were verified based on the results of the observation experiment. The values of root mean square error (RMSE) and mean relative error (MRE) between simulated and measured temperatures were 1.6 and 2.5%, respectively, indicating an accurate simulation. The relative mean error between predicted accumulative infiltration amount and actual value was 2.4% and the accuracy could meet the requirement. The results suggested that heat as a tracer was reliable for monitoring of water transport during canal seepage. Heat as a tracer provided a convenient and accurate way to monitor the infiltration loss during irrigation channels conveyance, which would be beneficial to irrigation management in the arid irrigation district in North China. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Infiltration
Controlled terms: Computer simulation? - ?Errors? - ?Groundwater? - ?Hydraulic conductivity? - ?Hydraulic structures? - ?Irrigation? - ?Irrigation canals? - ?Mean square error? - ?Moisture control? - ?Reflectometers ? - ?Seepage? - ?Silt? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Soils? - ?Surface waters? - ?Water levels? - ?Water resources? - ?Water supply
Uncontrolled terms: Hetao irrigation districts? - ?Irrigation management? - ?Measured temperatures? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Saturated and unsaturated soils? - ?Soil hydraulic parameters? - ?Surface water temperature? - ?Time-domain reflectometers
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems
Water Supply Systems
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?632.1 Hydraulics
Hydraulics
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control
Specific Variables Control
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
? - ?941.3 Optical Instruments
Optical Instruments
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.40e+00%, Percentage 2.50e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.031
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
25. Effect of Planting Patterns on Soil Micro Structure in Typical Farmland of Huabei Plain
Accession number: 20173404070630
Authors: Sun, Zenghui (1); Han, Jichang (1); Liu, Zhe (1); Lü, Yizhong (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Shaanxi Province Land Engineering Construction Group, Xi’an; 710075, China; (2) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100093, China
Corresponding author: Lü, Yizhong(lyz@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 282-289
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Based on an 18-year experiment with different planting patterns in Quzhou County of Huabei Plain, the farmland soils under the conventional cultivation, pollution-free cultivation and organic planting conditions were used to investigate the effects of planting patterns on soil micro morphological characteristics. Soil samples under the three planting conditions were collected and then soil thin sections were made. Soil micro morphological characteristics in soil thin sections were segmented from cross plain light photographs by image analysis. Results showed that the three soils were quite similar in mineral composition under three planting patterns. Their coarse granules were mainly formed of quartz and feldspar, but there was somewhat difference in size and shape of particles. The soil matrix and soil aggregates were well developed and soil organic matters were increased by about 25% under the organic planting condition, compared with conventional cultivation. The organic planting led to the highest soil pore area and soil surface porosity was up to 32%, the bulk density was the lowest with value of 1.19 g/cm3and the organic matter was the highest of 22.67 g/kg. Under the conventional cultivation condition, the bulk density of topsoil was 1.30 g/cm3, the organic matter was 18.42 g/kg, the soil surface porosity was 30%, and soil structure was tight and under-developed. Under the pollution-free cultivation condition, the development degree of soil structure was bigger than that under the conventional cultivation condition, but it was less than that under organic planting condition. Therefore, soil structure was loose and well developed under the organic cultivation condition for plant growth. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Soils
Controlled terms: Biogeochemistry? - ?Biological materials? - ?Farms? - ?Organic compounds? - ?Particles (particulate matter)? - ?Pollution? - ?Porosity
Uncontrolled terms: Farmland soils? - ?Huabei Plain? - ?Micromorphologies? - ?Planting pattern? - ?Soil structure
Classification code: 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
? - ?481.2 Geochemistry
Geochemistry
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Age 1.80e+01yr, Mass_Density 1.19e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.30e+03kg/m3, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 3.20e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.035
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
26. Effect of Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Irrigation Mode on Fine Roots Redistribution of Fragrant Pear Trees
Accession number: 20173404070625
Authors: Wu, Yang (1); Zhao, Zhi (2); Wang, Wei (3); Huang, Xingfa (1); Ma, Yingjie (4)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) China Water and Power Press, Beijing; 100038, China; (3) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (4) College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi; 830052, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Wei(weiwang@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 244-250 and 257
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of regulated deficit irrigation on the fine roots redistribution of mature Korla fragrant pear trees planted in the oasis in 2009 and 2010. The experiment consisted of drip and flood irrigation plots. The drip irrigation plots included two water deficit treatments: applying 60% (moderate) and 40% (severe) of pan evaporation during the slow growth stage of both shoot and fruit (stage 2), and 80% (full irrigation) of pan evaporation in the two other stages, and the control treatment: applying 80% of pan evaporation during the whole growth season. The flood irrigation plots were irrigated with amount of 300 mm per month from April to August. All the experimental plots were flood irrigated before 2009. The results showed that fine roots of mature Korla fragrant pear trees mainly distributed in 20~60 cm soil layers. The previously flood irrigated Korla fragrant pear trees spent two years on adapting to the irrigation mode transformation from flood irrigation to drip irrigation through redistributing their fine roots. Water stresses decreased fine roots length and inhibited the vegetative growth of fragrant pear trees, while the resumption of full irrigation boosted their growth. The water deficit inhibited fine roots development more effectively than shoots, owing to the near cessation of shoot growth in stage 2. However, no remarkable correlations between fine roots length and fruit yield were observed. The results provided the theoretical basics for regulated deficit irrigation application to the mature fruit trees planted in the extremely arid regions. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 46
Main heading: Irrigation
Controlled terms: Evaporation? - ?Floods? - ?Forestry? - ?Fruits? - ?Orchards? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Control treatments? - ?Experimental plots? - ?Extremely arid regions? - ?Fruit trees? - ?Fruit yield? - ?Korla fragrant pear? - ?Regulated deficit irrigation? - ?Root length density
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%, Size 2.00e-01m to 6.00e-01m, Size 3.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.030
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
27. Shear Characteristics of Rice Root-Soil Composite
Accession number: 20173404070602
Authors: Zheng, Le (1, 2); Luo, Xiwen (1, 2); Zeng, Shan (1, 2); Wang, Zaiman (1, 2); Liu, Chunbo (1, 2); Qi, Xingyuan (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China
Corresponding author: Luo, Xiwen(xwluo@scau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 63-71
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to reduce the rice stubble of minimum tillage and no tillage resistance in the process, improve the quality of work, and provide basis for the design of stubble breaking ditching device, the shear experiments on the universal material testing machine was tested on rice stubble and soil complex. Soil moisture content, soil bulk density, complex stubble soil composite equivalent diameter, cutting position, cutting speed, cutting edge angle and blade shape were tested by single factor test. Based on single factor experiment, the orthogonal experiment was carried out on three factors, including soil moisture content, shear rate and cutting edge angle. The results of single factor test showed that the relationship of ultimate shear force and water complex rate was two-order polynomial function, a power function relationship with soil bulk density, a two order polynomial function relationship with stubble and soil complex diameter, logarithmic relationship with shear velocity. The ultimate shear stress was decreased with the increase of shear distance from stubble, and it was also decreased with the decrease of cutting edge angle; among the four shapes of cutter blade, the ultimate shear stress of concave arc cutting blade was the least. The results of orthogonal test showed that the ultimate shear stress was the minimum when the cutting speed was 450 mm/min, the moisture content was 25% and the cutting edge angle was 15°. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 37
Main heading: Shear flow
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agriculture? - ?Cultivation? - ?Cutting? - ?Cutting tools? - ?Functions? - ?Moisture? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Shear stress? - ?Soil conservation ? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Soil testing? - ?Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Conservation tillage? - ?Cutting edge angle? - ?Equivalent diameter? - ?Logarithmic relationship? - ?Orthogonal experiment? - ?Rice? - ?Shear characteristics? - ?Single-factor experiments
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?603.2 Machine Tool Accessories
Machine Tool Accessories
? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements
Moisture Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.50e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.007
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
28. Adaptation Evaluation for Reference Evapotranspiration Calculation Methods in Different Eco-hydrological Regionalization of Yunnan Province
Accession number: 20173404070621
Authors: Fu, Na (1); Song, Xiaoyu (1); Xia, Lu (1); Li, Lanjun (1); Meng, Chunfang (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an; 710048, China; (2) Xinxiang Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau, Xinxiang; 453000, China
Corresponding author: Song, Xiaoyu(songxy@xaut.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 208-217
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Adaptation evaluation for reference evapotranspiration (ET0) methods can obtain simplified calculation methods of ET0under the conditions of lacking meteorological data and increase the accuracy with the lack of meteorological data in the large area. To obtain the best calculation methods and assess its adaptability, Yunnan Province was divided into three regions, including the mountain plateau and high mountain water abundance region in western and southwestern of Yunnan (I), the mountain plateau and river valley water middle region in northwestern and northeastern of Yunnan (II) and the plateau water middle and shortage region in central and northern of Yunnan (III), and the daily ET0was calculated in 36 stations from 1958 to 2013. Ten kinds of methods, such as FAO 56 Penman-Monteith, Hargreaves-Samani, Irmark-Allen, Pristley-Taylor, Makkink, 1948 Penman, Penman-Van Bavel, Turc, FAO 24 Radiation and Jensen-Haise, were used to calculate the daily ET0of each station of Yunnan Province. Penman-Monteith method was used as the standard method to calculate the daily ET0because of its accuracy, and the precision of other methods was evaluated by the linear regression coefficient, the daily relative root mean square error, the mean bias error and the coefficient of Nash-Sutcliffe. The results showed that 1948-Penman method had the strongest applicability and the highest calculation accuracy, and Radiation FAO 24 method and Jensen-Haise method had large error. Among all the methods, Hargreaves-Samani method was the best one in region I, and 1948-Penman method was the most appropriate from January to June while Priestley-Taylor method was the most suitable from July to December of each year for regions II and III. In the spatial distribution of relative error, the relative error of Hargreaves-Samani method, Irmark-Allen method and Priestley-Taylor method was below 20%, so the three methods were appropriate for region I, and the relative error of Priestley-Taylor method and 1948-Penman method was in the range of 0~20%, as the minimum in regions II and III, and the relative error of Irmark-Allen method was small in region II. When reference crop evapotranspiration was calculated in Yunnan Province, as a consequence, 1948-Penman method was recommended in the whole region, Hargreaves-Saman method was recommended in mountain plateau and high mountain water abundance region in western and southwestern of Yunnan, Priestley-Taylor method was recommended in mountain plateau and river valley water middle region in northwestern and northeastern of Yunnan. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Landforms
Controlled terms: Errors? - ?Evapotranspiration? - ?Iodine? - ?Mean square error? - ?Meteorology? - ?Water resources
Uncontrolled terms: Adaptation evaluation? - ?Eco-hydrological regionalization? - ?Meteorological factors? - ?Reference evapotranspiration? - ?Yunnan province
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?481.1 Geology
Geology
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 0.00e+00% to 2.00e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.026
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
29. Correlation between Soil Nitrogen Situation and Canopy Spectra of Winter Wheat
Accession number: 20173404070629
Authors: Li, Guangxin (1, 2); Wang, Chao (1); Feng, Meichen (1); Yang, Wude (1); Li, Fangzhou (2); Feng, Ruiyun (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China; (2) Institute of Crop Science, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Taiyuan; 030031, China
Corresponding author: Yang, Wude(sxauywd@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 275-281
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Soil nitrogen is important to crop production. The lower nitrogen efficiency is mainly caused by the reason that the nitrogen is commonly applied untimely or non-appropriately. In order to take advantage of winter wheat canopy spectra synchronous implementation indirectly and rapidly diagnose soil nitrogen status, experiment with completely randomized block was conducted for two wheat varieties with different nitrogen levels. Soil and plant nitrogen levels and real-time canopy spectra were measured at different growth stages of winter wheat, i.e., the reviving, jointing, booting and filling stages. Mathematical statistical methods were used to analyze the quantitative relationship between soil nitrogen and plant nitrogen, and build a remote monitoring model of soil nitrogen by using the canopy spectral reflectance. The results showed that the canopy spectral reflectance of winter wheat at each growth stage was significantly different from soil nitrogen content with the application of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer. There were significant relationship between soil nitrate nitrogen content, soil available nitrogen content and nitrogen content of winter wheat plants, and the correlation coefficient could exceed 0.72. However, the relationship between soil total nitrogen content and nitrogen content of winter wheat plants was hardly relevant. The spectra parameters of SAVI(1040, 680) and RVI(1040, 680) were determined to have important relationship with the soil nitrate nitrogen and available nitrogen contents, respectively. Moreover, the monitoring models of soil nitrate nitrogen and available nitrogen contents based on the spectra parameters performed the best with R2≥0.739 6 and R2≥0.810 0, respectively. The research result would supply some technical reference for the real-time monitor of soil nitrogen in winter wheat fields by using the canopy spectral reflectance. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Nitrogen fertilizers
Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Cultivation? - ?Nitrates? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Reflection? - ?Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Available nitrogen? - ?Canopy spectral reflectance? - ?Canopy spectrum? - ?Correlation coefficient? - ?Different growth stages? - ?Nitrate nitrogen? - ?Soil nitrogen content? - ?Winter wheat
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.034
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
30. Effect of Algae Flocculant Applied in Biogas Slurry
Accession number: 20173404070631
Authors: Guan, Zhengjun (1); Wang, Xinzhi (1); Yang, Yiying (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 290-295 and 303
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Algae flocculating agent is nontoxic and easy to be degraded, which can be used to pre-treat biogas slurry. Based on the existing literature and research, four kinds of algae (Porphyridium cruentum, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Scenedesmus obliqnus and Chlorella sp.) were cultured under the same conditions for 15 d and the growth period were determined every day. Meanwhile, culture medium was collected to flocculate the biogas slurry every day. Flocculating rate was measured by optical density value. The highest flocculating rate of those four species algae in 15 d is as following: the flocculation rate of Porphyridium cruentum reached 39.01% on the 7th day, Chlorella sp. reached 26.99% on the 11th day, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii reached 25.93% on the 8th day and Scenedesmus obliquus reached 25.39% on the 6th day. Considering the flocculation effect, Porphyridium cruentum was better than the other algae in several continuous days. Then Porphyridium cruentum was cultured under its best optimal culture conditions: the light intensity of 3 000 lx, the temperature of 30, light ratio of 12 h12 h, inoculation amount of 30%, pH value of 7 and salinity of 3%. The culture medium was collected after 7 d. Based on center composite test, four factors were chosen, including flocculation concentration, flocculation reaction time, temperature of flocculation and initial pH value. The flocculation rate reached the highest of 76.25%, and the corresponding optimum conditions were as following: pH value of 7.69, temperature of 26.78, flocculation concentration of 47.70 mL and flocculation reaction time of 20.39 min. The parameters of the corresponding flocculated biogas slurry were measured, including the corresponding removal rate of TN, ammonia nitrogen, TP, TS, VS, SS and COD were 51.30%, 54.67%, 57.00%, 54.11%, 57.80%, 53.71% and 43.16%, respectively. Under the condition of optimizing flocculation parameters, the flocculating substances produced by Porphyridium cruentum had better removal effect on various kinds of nutrient in biogas slurry. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Flocculation
Controlled terms: Algae? - ?Biogas? - ?Nitrogen removal? - ?pH
Uncontrolled terms: Biogas slurry? - ?Chlamydomonas reinhardtii? - ?Flocculant? - ?Flocculating agents? - ?Flocculation effects? - ?Optical density values? - ?Optimum conditions? - ?Scenedesmus obliquus
Classification code: 522 Gas Fuels
Gas Fuels
? - ?801.1 Chemistry, General
Chemistry, General
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing: Illuminance 3.00e+03lx, Percentage 2.54e+01%, Percentage 2.59e+01%, Percentage 2.70e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 3.90e+01%, Percentage 4.32e+01%, Percentage 5.13e+01%, Percentage 5.37e+01%, Percentage 5.41e+01%, Percentage 5.47e+01%, Percentage 5.70e+01%, Percentage 5.78e+01%, Percentage 7.62e+01%, Time 1.22e+03s, Volume 4.77e-05m3
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.036
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
31. Simulation of Landscape Pattern Evolution in Dengkou County Using AES-LPI-CA Model
Accession number: 20173404070610
Authors: Zhang, Qibin (1); Yue, Depeng (1); Yu, Qiang (1); Li, Ning (1); Ning, Lixin (2); Yin, Bo (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Zhengzhou; 450004, China
Corresponding author: Yue, Depeng(yuedepeng@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 128-134
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Landscape pattern is closely related to many local ecological processes. Study on the future evolution of landscape pattern in the arid area of Northwest China is of great significance to local prevention and controlling of desertification and water and soil conservation. Therefore, taking Dengkou County, Bayannaoer City, Inner Mongolia as study area, a AES-LPI-CA model was built based on the LPI-CA-Markov model to simulate the landscape pattern of Dengkou County in 2014 by using the remote sensing image interpretation data of 2000 and 2007. Firstly, the landscape pattern transfer appropriate atlas was built and artificial endocrine system (AES) was used to adjust the probabilities of the CA center cell transfer into different landscape types, the cellular automata neighborhood rule was taken into consideration, and the transfer direction of the center cell was settled. Then the un-transition probability (UTP) map which was built based on the quantitative relation between landscape index (LPI) and UTP was used to define the occurrence probability of the transfer, and the landscape transition probability matrix which was generated by using Markov model was used to make the final decision of transfer. The simulation result of the model was compared with the results of LPI-CA-Markov model and CA-Markov model. The Kappa index of agreement (KIA) of simulation results of the three models were 0.823 6, 0.785 5 and 0.768 2, respectively, AES-LPI-CA model had a higher simulation precision. The research result had referential values for the study on future evolution of landscape and formulation of ecological policy. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Probability
Controlled terms: Cellular automata? - ?Ecology? - ?Image reconstruction? - ?Markov processes? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Soil conservation
Uncontrolled terms: Artificial endocrine systems (AES)? - ?CA model? - ?Dengkou counties? - ?Landscape pattern? - ?Landscape pattern indices? - ?Remote sensing image interpretations? - ?Transition probability matrix? - ?Water and soil conservations
Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Ecology and Ecosystems
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
? - ?922.1 Probability Theory
Probability Theory
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.015
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
32. Nonlinear Friction Dynamic Modeling and Velocity Planning of Flexible Parallel Robot
Accession number: 20173404070645
Authors: Zhao, Lei (1, 2); Fan, Mengran (3); Zhao, Xinhua (1, 2); Zhou, Haibo (1, 2); Luan, Qianqian (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Tianjin Key Laboratory of the Design and Intelligent Control of the Advanced Mechatronical System, Tianjin; 300384, China; (2) School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin; 300384, China; (3) Tianjin Adrian Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin; 300401, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Xinhua(xinhuazhao@tjut.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 390-396
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to realize control of robot in high speed and accuracy, Lagrange method was applied to deduce dynamic model and nonlinear friction force dynamic compensation model based on Hensens & Kostic theory. The single point positioning error was analyzed before and after compensation. A kind of S type velocity planning method was designed based on the constrain model of maximum speed and acceleration. Performance test in real time was implanted between T and S types velocity control algorithm about position and speed tracing. The experiment data indicated that the maximum position tracking error and speed tracking error of T type velocity planning were increased to 78.1 μm and 11.4 mm/s. But those of S type velocity planning were only 37.8 μm and 3.72 mm/s. Location accuracy of S type planning at two termination points reached 8.1 μm and 8.9 μm. The maximum speed difference of S type planning was 1.74 mm/s which was much smaller than 6.88 mm/s of T type velocity planning. High precision of position control especially termination-point location was ensured by S type velocity planning algorithm. Its peak velocity mutation was much smaller and velocity curve was also smoother compared with that of T type velocity control algorithm. It was demonstrated that speed tracing performance and stability of motion were improved greatly. The contradiction of T type velocity planning existed between high speed movement and high precision control was effectively relieved. So S type velocity planning was much easier to realize the control of robot in high speed and accuracy. In order to verify the correctness of the simulation analysis conclusions, position error of robot was tested by laser interferometer under continuous motion at different speeds. Simulation data was less than experiment data. The data error was about 100 μm between simulation and actual measurement. But the conclusions were consistent with the experiment. The validity of the simulation analysis method was verified. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 16
Main heading: Robot programming
Controlled terms: Dynamics? - ?Error compensation? - ?Errors? - ?Friction? - ?Interferometers? - ?Laser interferometry? - ?Position control? - ?Robots? - ?Speed? - ?Tribology ? - ?Velocity? - ?Velocity control
Uncontrolled terms: High precision control? - ?Nonlinear friction? - ?Parallel robots? - ?Position tracking errors? - ?Simulation analysis methods? - ?Single-point positioning? - ?Stability of motions? - ?Velocity planning
Classification code: 731.3 Specific Variables Control
Specific Variables Control
? - ?731.5 Robotics
Robotics
? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
? - ?941.3 Optical Instruments
Optical Instruments
? - ?941.4 Optical Variables Measurements
Optical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.00e-04m, Size 3.78e-05m, Size 7.81e-05m, Size 8.10e-06m, Size 8.90e-06m, Velocity 1.14e-02m/s, Velocity 1.74e-03m/s, Velocity 3.72e-03m/s, Velocity 6.88e-03m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.050
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
33. Design and Experiment on Collecting and Separating Device for Strip Plastic Film Baler
Accession number: 20173404070607
Authors: Niu, Qi (1); Ji, Chao (2); Zhao, Yan (2); Chen, Xuegeng (2); Zheng, Xuan (2); Li, Hongwen (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Mechanical Equipment Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi; 832000, China
Corresponding author: Chen, Xuegeng(chenxg130@sina.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 101-107
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: It is widely recognized that the application of plastic film mulch technology is evolving from “white revolution” to “white pollution”, because the residual plastic film could damage the physical and chemical structures of soil. Consequently a variety of plastic film collectors were developed and most research aimed at enhancing the field plastic film collecting rate and working continuity. However, the residual plastic film strips collected by current collector were loose and easily disturbed by wind and transportation of these film strips were difficult as well as their utilization ratio was low. To solve these problems, a collecting and separating device for strip plastic film baler was designed based on statistical analysis for main physical parameters of the film strip, which decided the performance of the baler and deforming effect of plastic film package. The device consisted of separating roller, eccentric collecting cylinder and film removing mechanism. The layout of separating spring teeth was double helix herringbone symmetrical arrangement. When the motion tail of separating roller was trochoid, the revolving speed was determined as 86.3 r/min by force and motion analyses. The size of eccentric link mechanism was optimized by fitting tool of Matlab software, and the revolving speed and installation angle of collecting spring teeth was determined as 65 r/min and 45° by performance test, respectively. According to force analysis and flow simulation of vane-type film removing mechanism, the linear velocity of vane should be more than 1.485 m/s to ensure that the residual film could be removed and transported into film bin. Field experiments indicated that the surface residual plastic film collecting rate was 90.96%, film twining rate was 1.09%, stalk and soil removing rate was 77.35%, and the average working efficient of this baler was 0.19 hm2/h when forward velocity of the baler was 1.5 m/s, which met the requirements for residual plastic film collecting machine. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 17
Main heading: Plastic films
Controlled terms: MATLAB? - ?Recycling? - ?Software testing
Uncontrolled terms: Current collector? - ?Field experiment? - ?Installation angle? - ?Mulch technologies? - ?Performance tests? - ?Physical parameters? - ?Symmetrical arrangement? - ?Utilization ratios
Classification code: 452.3 Industrial Wastes
Industrial Wastes
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?817.1 Polymer Products
Polymer Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.09e+00%, Percentage 7.73e+01%, Percentage 9.10e+01%, Rotational_Speed 6.50e+01RPM, Rotational_Speed 8.63e+01RPM, Velocity 1.50e+00m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.012
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
34. Design and Kinematics Analysis of a Novel 3T1R Parallel Manipulator with Lower Coupling Degree
Accession number: 20173404070353
Authors: Shen, Huiping (1); Yin, Honghe (1); Shao, Guowei (1); Yang, Tingli (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Research Center for Advanced Mechanism Theory, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213016, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 405-412
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Comparing with the 3-DOF Delta mechanism, the 4-DOF parallel mechanisms which can achieve SCARA motion (i.e., three translations and one rotation) have their own complex topological structures with coupling degree k=2, which results in the higher complexity level of solutions for forward kinematics and dynamics. According to the design theory for parallel mechanisms (PMs) based on position and orientation characteristic (POC) equation and the principle for the coupling degree reducing, a novel 4-DOF SCARA type parallel manipulator with lower coupling degree of k=1 was proposed. Firstly, the structure of the 4-DOF SCARA PM was introduced and the coupling degree of the mechanisms was calculated as being k=1. Secondly, the direct position and the inverse kinematics problem of the mechanism was solved by using the modeling methods based on the ordered SOC unit, and the positive and inverse solutions were verified by numerical methods using Matlab. Furthermore, the workspace of the mechanism was analyzed based on inverse solutions formula. Meanwhile, rotation ability of the PM was analyzed. Finally, the singularity analysis of the mechanism was also performed based on Jacobian matrix, from which three kinds of singular conditions were obtained. The results showed that the manipulator had a simpler mechanical structure and larger workspace and rotation ability than H4 or Cross-IV under the same set of structural parameters. The research provided a theoretical base for its kinematics and dynamics and optimal design of this manipulator. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 14
Main heading: Inverse problems
Controlled terms: Inverse kinematics? - ?Jacobian matrices? - ?Kinematics? - ?Manipulators? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Robotic arms? - ?Rotation
Uncontrolled terms: 3T1R? - ?Characteristic set? - ?Coupling degree? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Workspace
Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms
Mechanisms
? - ?731.5 Robotics
Robotics
? - ?921.1 Algebra
Algebra
? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.052
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
35. Relationships between Tree Crown Size and Water Consumption of Rain-fed Jujube Plantation in Loess Hilly Region
Accession number: 20173404070623
Authors: Wang, Xing (1); Gao, Zhiyong (2); Gao, Jian’en (1, 3); Wang, Youke (1, 3); Nie, Zhenyi (4)
Author affiliation: (1) Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Department of Water Conservancy, Yangling Vocational and Technological College, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Gao, Jian’en(gaojianen@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 227-236
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to investigate the relationships between tree crown size and water consumption of rain-fed jujube plantations, soil moisture under different conditions (natural planting, high-density dwarfing, stem-cutting, extreme dwarfing and pruning with different intensities) were measured by using the CNC100 neutron gauges, meanwhile, water balance method was used to calculate the water consumption and water use efficiency of above-mentioned jujube plantations. Results showed that compared with natural plantation, high-density dwarfed jujube trees reduced annual water consumption of 6.54 mm and water consumption depth of 13.3 cm, respectively. Moreover, it increased the water use efficiency to 1.8 kg/m3(the lowest for natural jujube plantation was 2.1 kg/m3). The soil moisture restoration of 12 years old cutting stem jujube plantation reached 460 cm depth in the third year (153.3 cm per year on average), which was 3.41 times faster than the formation of soil dry layer. Extremely dwarfed jujube with half of normal crown size decreased the water consumption by 25% and improved the water use efficiency by 1.26 times of natural jujube plantation, respectively. Pruning is an effective approach to improve soil water status and water use efficiency in jujube plantation because of the close relationship between crown size and jujube water usage. Furthermore, the reasonable pruning intensity, which aimed to obtain high yield and water use efficiency, should be determined based on local rainfall considering its high variability in the semi-arid Loess Plateau. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Water supply
Controlled terms: Efficiency? - ?Forestry? - ?Moisture? - ?Rain? - ?Sediments? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Annual water consumption? - ?Dryland farming? - ?Effective approaches? - ?Jujube? - ?Loess hilly regions? - ?Moisture restoration? - ?Water consumption? - ?Water use efficiency
Classification code: 443.3 Precipitation
Precipitation
? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems
Water Supply Systems
? - ?483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations
Soil Mechanics and Foundations
? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing: Age 1.20e+01yr, Mass_Density 1.80e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 2.10e+00kg/m3, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Size 1.33e-01m, Size 1.53e+00m, Size 4.60e+00m, Size 6.54e-03m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.028
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
36. Dynamic Extraction Method of Maize Leaf Traits Based on Time Series
Accession number: 20173404070616
Authors: Huang, Chenglong (1); Zhang, Xuehai (2); Wu, Di (1); Ye, Junli (1); Yang, Wanneng (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China
Corresponding author: Yang, Wanneng(ywn@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 174-178 and 198
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Maize leaf traits have great significance to the study of growing development, breeding and functional gene research. However, the traditional method is inefficient, subjective, and also with less measurement, which is far from the requirement of maize-related research. Therefore, an automatic and dynamic technology for maize leaf traits extraction was proposed. Totally 100 maize varieties were adopted, and eight growth points were analyzed every three days based on the high-throughput crop phenotyping platform. For each measurement, the 18 side-view images were acquired every 10°, and the maximum side-view image was identified based on the width information. Then an improved segmentation method was applied to extract the complete plant binary image. After that a parallel thinning was used to extract the plant skeleton, and Hough transform was adopted to distinguish leaf skeleton from the stem. Finally, each leaf skeleton was labelled and the specific algorithm was developed to calculate the leaf length, angle and curvature. The experimental results showed that the measurement error for leaf length and leaf angle was 0.92% and 3.32%, respectively, and the results demonstrated that this method had a higher consistency than manual method. Since the new leaf would always grow from above in maize, the leaf matching based on time series was designed and carried out by using the leaf relative-position information. With leaf registration, the leaf growth rate and leaf curvature variation were obtained. In general, this study provided a novel method for maize-related research. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Binary images
Controlled terms: Extraction? - ?Hough transforms? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Musculoskeletal system? - ?Plant extracts? - ?Time series
Uncontrolled terms: Curvature variation? - ?Dynamic extraction? - ?Dynamic technologies? - ?Image treatment? - ?Leaf marking? - ?Maize leaf? - ?Relative positions? - ?Segmentation methods
Classification code: 461.3 Biomechanics, Bionics and Biomimetics
Biomechanics, Bionics and Biomimetics
? - ?461.9 Biology
Biology
? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations
Mathematical Transformations
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.32e+00%, Percentage 9.20e-01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.021
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
37. Dynamic Thermal Load Characteristics in Anaerobic Digester
Accession number: 20173404070632
Authors: Shi, Huixian (1); Xu, Detian (1); Zhu, Hongguang (2); Meng, Xiangzhen (2); Miao, Hui (2); Huang, Chao (2)
Author affiliation: (1) New Rural Development Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center of Protected Agriculture, Tongji University, Shanghai; 200092, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 296-303
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Temperature is the critical factor affecting biogas production rate. Anaerobic digester is the heating object in biogas engineering, the heat load of fermentation tank is the basis of biogas project design and selection of heating system, which is related to the stability of anaerobic digest system and economy of heating system. Therefore, it is vital to define the heat load characteristics of the fermentation tank. The average temperature of the fermentation tank was calculated, and then the digester’s heating load was figured out, the maximum value was regarded as the system’s thermal load. This method was simple, however, which made the result deviated practical situation greatly. To accurately calculate the heat load of the fermentation tank, it was advantageous to match the heating system with the fermentation tank, and explore the optimal system configuration and operation strategy of the heating system in order to reduce the energy consumption and cost. The hourly meteorological parameters of special meteorological data set for analysis of thermal environment of building in China in the Shanghai area was used, based on the analysis of physical and mathematical model of fermentation of biogas project, the hourly accumulation of fermentation pool enclosure structure heat dissipation was calculated, and annual dynamic changes of fermentation pool heat load was obtained, which can be used to guide the design of heating system of fermentation tank. The essence of this method was to make steady algorithm time step shortened from a month to 1 h, which enhanced the calculation precision obviously. Results showed that under the three different conditions, the relative errors of heat load model and experimental measurement were -5.98%, 3.93% and 5.39%, respectively. Thus, dynamic heat load model was of high precision, and it was acceptable to be applied to guide engineering design and operation, avoid the long time operation of the system under partial load, which had theoretical significance and reference value for the design and operation of biogas engineering. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 17
Main heading: Structural design
Controlled terms: Biogas? - ?Energy utilization? - ?Fermentation? - ?Heating? - ?Heating equipment? - ?Meteorology? - ?Precision engineering? - ?Tanks (containers)? - ?Thermal load
Uncontrolled terms: Biogas production rates? - ?Calculation precision? - ?Design and operations? - ?Digester? - ?Dynamic heat? - ?Energy consumption and cost? - ?Meteorological parameters? - ?Optimal system configuration
Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General
Structural Design, General
? - ?522 Gas Fuels
Gas Fuels
? - ?525.3 Energy Utilization
Energy Utilization
? - ?619.2 Tanks
Tanks
Numerical data indexing: Percentage -5.98e+00%, Percentage 3.93e+00%, Percentage 5.39e+00%, Time 3.60e+03s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.037
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
38. Experiment on Purification of Reclaimed Water by Simulated Riverbank Filtration System
Accession number: 20173404070624
Authors: Pan, Weiyan (1, 2); Pu, Weiru (1, 2); Huang, Quanzhong (1, 2); Huang, Guanhua (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Huang, Quanzhong(huangqzh@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 237-243
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to study the long-term efficiency and performance of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal in riverbank filtration system under different hydraulic conditions, a long term simulated riverbank filtration system was built by using soil columns supplied with reclaimed water from Qinghe reclaimed wastewater treatment plant. The results showed that the system was effective in removing COD, the average removal rates of COD under continuous wetting condition and wetting/drying condition were 40.5% and 50.8%, respectively, over three-year period. COD removal primarily occurred at the upper part of the soil column (0~40 cm), where there was high dissolved oxygen content and a large amount of microorganism. The removal performance of COD was improved in the wetting/drying column with relatively higher dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration under the unsaturated condition. And performance for the annual average COD removal kept stable under both conditions. The much higher removal rate of TN was obtained under the wetting/drying condition (80.7%) than that under the saturated condition (31.2%). Performance for TN removal under both conditions was increased gradually year by year. Temperature was one of the impact factors for TN removal in riverbank filtration system. The results showed that the removal rate of TN was increased exponentially under continuous wetting condition and increased logarithmically under wetting/drying condition with the temperature ranging from 15 to 31, respectively. The TN removal efficiency could reach higher than 90% as the temperature was higher than 30. The results can provide important information and basis for reclaimed water reuse for rivers and lakes. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Chemicals removal (water treatment)
Controlled terms: Biochemical oxygen demand? - ?Biological materials? - ?Chemical oxygen demand? - ?Dissolved oxygen? - ?Efficiency? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Nitrogen removal? - ?Oxygen? - ?Purification? - ?Reclamation ? - ?Temperature? - ?Wastewater reclamation? - ?Wastewater treatment? - ?Water conservation? - ?Water filtration? - ?Water resources? - ?Wetting
Uncontrolled terms: Dissolved oxygen concentrations? - ?Dissolved oxygen contents? - ?Efficiency and performance? - ?Hydraulic conditions? - ?Re-claimed water? - ?River bank filtrations? - ?Riverbank filtration systems? - ?Total nitrogen
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?445.1 Water Treatment Techniques
Water Treatment Techniques
? - ?452.4 Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal
Industrial Wastes Treatment and Disposal
? - ?461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.12e+01%, Percentage 4.05e+01%, Percentage 5.08e+01%, Percentage 8.07e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 4.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.029
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
39. Design and Test of Dynamic Variable Spraying System of Plant Protection UAV
Accession number: 20173404070605
Authors: Wang, Dashuai (1); Zhang, Junxiong (1); Li, Wei (1); Xiong, Bin (1); Zhang, Shunlu (1); Zhang, Wenqiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Junxiong(cau2007@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 86-93
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to improve the droplet distribution uniformity and avoid repeating and missing spraying, a spraying flow control method based on pulse width modulation (PWM) was designed, and based on the MCU of STM32F407VET6, a dynamic variable spraying system fused with multi-sensor was developed. Spraying system was controlled remotely and spraying parameters were detected and saved by ground measurement and control software which was developed by LabVIEW. The tests based on reality field environment were carried out under the condition of different flying speeds to test actual operation performance and spraying effect of dynamic variable spraying system of plant protection UAV. Operation performance was reflected by deviation between practical and theoretical flows. Practical flow of micro diaphragm pump was detected by a flow sensor and theoretical flow was calculated by a derivation formula. Spraying effect was characterized by droplet deposition, which was collected by water sensitive papers and polyester films at targeted flying speed of 1.0 m/s, 2.0 m/s, 3.0 m/s, 4.0 m/s and 5.0 m/s. Rhodamine-B water solution with concentration of 0.1% was used as a substitute for pesticides in the tests. Concentration of Rhodamine-B was measured by fluorescence intensity protractor, droplet coverage density and distribution uniformity were identified through image processing. The results showed that when flying speed was changed from 0.8 m/s to 5.8 m/s, spraying flow was able to match the speed accurately based on the spraying system and control method, and average deviation between practical and theoretical flows was 1.9%. The optimum flying speed of spraying operation based on 3CD-15 plant protection UAV was 3.91~5.10 m/s, during the variation range of speed, the effective sprinkling width was 5 m, droplet coverage density was 18~41 per square centimeter, coefficient of variation was 34%~75%, droplet deposition was 42.1~52.4 μg/cm2. The research result provided method for optimization of flying speed and also theoretical support to improve the quality of aviation operations. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Speed
Controlled terms: Computer programming languages? - ?Deposition? - ?Drops? - ?Image processing? - ?Modulation? - ?Pulse width modulation? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)? - ?Voltage control
Uncontrolled terms: Coefficient of variation? - ?Distribution uniformity? - ?Flow? - ?Flow control methods? - ?Fluorescence intensities? - ?Operation performance? - ?Variable spraying? - ?Water sensitive paper
Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General
Aircraft, General
? - ?723.1.1 Computer Programming Languages
Computer Programming Languages
? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control
Specific Variables Control
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e-01%, Percentage 1.90e+00%, Size 5.00e+00m, Surface_Density 4.21e-04kg/m2 to 5.24e-04kg/m2, Velocity 1.00e+00m/s, Velocity 2.00e+00m/s, Velocity 3.00e+00m/s, Velocity 3.91e+00m/s to 5.10e+00m/s, Velocity 4.00e+00m/s, Velocity 5.00e+00m/s, Velocity 8.00e-01m/s to 5.80e+00m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.010
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
40. Comprehensive Utilization Status and Development Analysis of Crop Straw Resource in Northeast China
Accession number: 20173404070596
Authors: Wang, Jinwu (1); Tang, Han (1); Wang, Jinfeng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 1-21
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Crop straw is an important available biomass resource. The comprehensive utilization of crop straw not only acts to keep the ecological balance and promote the farmers to increase production, but also eases the continued tension and pressure in energy and environment. Considering the characteristics of geographical conditions and resources allocation in Northeast China, the total distribution and burning pollution of crop straw were illustrated and evaluated. The technical features, equipment and utilization status of collection-storage-transportation mode and various technologies were analyzed, such as energy regeneration, fodder, fertilizer, raw material and basic material. The characteristic and experience of comprehensive utilization of crop straw in other domestic and international areas were generally studied. The policy measures by state and local governments were summarized. Finally, the future development direction and suggestion of straw resource industry were shown clearly based on policy, technology and the demands of market and enterprise. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 122
Main heading: Crops
Controlled terms: Materials handling? - ?Straw
Uncontrolled terms: Comprehensive utilizations? - ?Development directions? - ?Energy and environment? - ?Geographical conditions? - ?Increase productions? - ?Northeast China? - ?Resource? - ?Resources allocation
Classification code: 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Agricultural Wastes
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.001
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
41. Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Yaw Channel of Small-scale Unmanned Helicopter
Accession number: 20173404070597
Authors: Ding, Li (1); Ma, Rui (2, 3); Shan, Wentao (1); Wu, Hongtao (3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou; 213001, China; (2) School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; 639798, Singapore; (3) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 22-27
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Small-scale unmanned helicopter has a peculiar flight feature of vertically take-off and landing, fixed position hovering, flying in low velocity, forward flight, rearward flight and so on. It is mainly used for civilian and military field with the advantage of light weight, low price and small scale. However, the small-scale unmanned helicopter is a strong coupled, under actuated, multivariable, time varying, open-loop unstable and high order nonlinear system. It is a great challenge to realize the research of its autonomous flight. Aiming at the internal uncertainties and large disturbance of the small-scale unmanned helicopter, a controller for yaw channel based on linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) was proposed to realize the high performance control. Firstly, the yaw model of Trex-600 unmanned helicopter was analyzed and deduced, and the gust model was introduced to simulate the actual flight environment. Then, the principle of LADRC was elaborated and the yaw control system was designed based on LADRC of second order. In order to obtain the appropriate control parameters, the novel artificial bee colony algorithm was applied to conduct parameters tuning. Lastly, a trajectory tracking simulation and experiment were used to test the proposed controller compared with the PID controller. The results showed that the LADRC controller had the ability of good robustness, fast response and high control precision. The yaw angle of the Trex-600 unmanned helicopter can track the referenced trajectory fleetly and accurately. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Aircraft control
Controlled terms: Aircraft detection? - ?Controllers? - ?Disturbance rejection? - ?Evolutionary algorithms? - ?Flight control systems? - ?Flight dynamics? - ?Helicopters? - ?Optimization? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Scales (weighing instruments) ? - ?Three term control systems? - ?Trajectories? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
Uncontrolled terms: Artificial bee colony algorithms? - ?Linear active disturbance rejection controls? - ?Parameters tuning? - ?Small-scale unmanned helicopter? - ?Trajectory tracking
Classification code: 652 Aircraft and Avionics
Aircraft and Avionics
? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment
Radar Systems and Equipment
? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications
Automatic Control Principles and Applications
? - ?731.1 Control Systems
Control Systems
? - ?732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
? - ?943.3 Special Purpose Instruments
Special Purpose Instruments
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.002
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
42. Design and Experiment of Forest Intelligent Surveying and Mapping Instrument
Accession number: 20173404070617
Authors: Qiu, Zixuan (1); Feng, Zhongke (1); Jiang, Junzhiwei (1); Fan, Yongxiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Precision Forestry Key Laboratory of Beijing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Feng, Zhongke(fengzhongke@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 179-187
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Forest resources inventory includes individual tree DBH(diameter at breast height), individual tree height, individual tree volume, stand average DBH, stand average height, stand density and stand volume. The theoretical basis was based upon the principle of photogrammetry, image-processing technology and forest measurement, and the forest intelligent dendrometer was developed which was composed of the self-developed R&D PDA module, EDM module and rotational station. There were four modular procedures which were compiled in the Java language and developed in Android Studio 2.1 systems development environment, and five measuring functions, such as tree height, DBH, three-element volume calculation, 3D angle gauge plot and basic measurement, and they were implemented by getting dip angle, azimuth, distance, image information and other parameters. Validated by experiments, the measuring accuracy of tree height was as high as 97.13%, DBH was 97.08%, volume was 94.52%, stand average height was 98.09%, stand average DBH was 98.05%, stand density was 96.59%, and stand volume measurement accuracy was 95.72%. Thus the equipment was in line with the accuracy requirement of national forest inventory (NFI), which can be promoted to be used in the forestry inventory. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Forestry
Controlled terms: Android (operating system)? - ?Image processing? - ?Mapping? - ?Natural resources? - ?Surveying? - ?Surveys? - ?Volume measurement
Uncontrolled terms: Android systems? - ?Diameter-at-breast heights? - ?Forest resources? - ?Image processing technology? - ?Measurement accuracy? - ?National forest inventories? - ?Systems development? - ?Tree height
Classification code: 405.3 Surveying
Surveying
? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
? - ?943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
Mechanical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.45e+01%, Percentage 9.57e+01%, Percentage 9.66e+01%, Percentage 9.71e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%, Percentage 9.81e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.022
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
43. Irrigation Water Optimal Allocation Considering Stakeholders of Different Levels
Accession number: 20173404070620
Authors: Li, Mo (1); Jiang, Yao (1, 2); Guo, Ping (1, 2); Li, Jiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Chinese-Israeli International Center for Research and Training in Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Guo, Ping(guop@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 199-207
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Considering the complexities of nonlinearity, uncertainties and different interested parties in irrigation water allocation optimization, two models of different decision levels were established: one (upper level) was interval linear fractional programming (ILFP) model with the objective of maximizing irrigation water productivity, and the other one (lower level) was interval quadratic programming (IQP) model with the objective of maximizing irrigation outputs. On this basis, a linear fractional-quadratic bi-level programming (LFQBP) model was developed by integrating the decisions of the upper and the lower levels as a whole, in order to coordinate the benefits of different decision levels. LFQBP model was advantageous to make grain outputs and irrigation productivity reach a relatively high level and thus promoting the sustainable development of irrigation districts. All the three models were solved by using specific method, among which the key to the solution of IQP model and ILFP model was to transform the uncertain models into deterministic ones, and the key to the solution of LFQBP model was to transform the two-level model into single-level model. Then the developed models were applied to irrigation water allocation for grain crops in Yingke Irrigation District. Comparison among ILFP model, IQP model and LFQBP model demonstrated the characters of each model, and the optimization results showed that total water allocation amounts of the IQP model, ILFP model and LFQBP model were 63.01 million m3, 55.01 million m3and 60.34 million m3, respectively. Compared with IQP model, the crop output of LFQBP model was decreased by 0.44% while the irrigation productivity was increased by 4%, and compared with ILFP model, the crop output of LFQBP model was increased by 1.42% while the irrigation productivity was decreased by 7.64%. ILFP model and ILQBP model were more applicable in arid regions. The developed models reflected actual problems of irrigation allocation from different aspects, and the corresponding results were conducive to balance the benefits of decision-makers at different levels of an irrigation district. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Irrigation
Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Decision making? - ?Linear programming? - ?Mathematical programming? - ?Pinch effect? - ?Productivity? - ?Quadratic programming? - ?Water? - ?Water management? - ?Water resources
Uncontrolled terms: Bi-level programming? - ?Irrigation waters? - ?Optimal allocation? - ?Stakeholders? - ?Uncertainty
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?912.2 Management
Management
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.42e+00%, Percentage 4.00e+00%, Percentage 4.40e-01%, Percentage 7.64e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.025
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
44. Simulation and Experiment on Seed-filling Performance of Pneumatic Disc Seed-metering Device for Mini-tuber
Accession number: 20173404070600
Authors: Lai, Qinghui (1); Ma, Wenpeng (1); Liu, Su (1); Su, Wei (1); Zhang, Zhihong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 44-53
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to realize the mechanized planting of mini-tuber and solve the problem of large seed filling, a vibrating feeding pneumatic disc seed-metering device for mini-tuber was designed. The seed-metering device was composed of metering plate, air chamber, frame and vibrating seed feeding device. Seeding-filling performance was the key factor that influenced the properties of metering device. In order to improve the seed-filling performance of the pneumatic disc seed-metering device, Lishu No.6 mini-tuber was adopted as sowing object, the method of UDEC was used as research technique, meanwhile, variance yields of average normal stress was considered as the optimizing targets. Through single factor experiment, the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude were numerically simulated respectively. It can be found that the experimental phenomenon and effect were in consistent with the simulation ones. Results showed that vibration frequency and vibration amplitude increased variance yields of average normal stress of seeds, hence disturbance of seeds was enhanced. Based on the three-factor five-level quadratic orthogonal rotating combination test method, the influence of vibration frequency, vibration amplitude and layer height on sowing performance were explored. The regression equations of the three factors and five levels were fitted through the processing by Design-Expert 8.0.6 (experimental design expert) software. Based on the results of examination, it can be found that the fitting of the equation was good, and the best parameter combination was the operating speed of 2.4 km/h, negative pressure of 6 kPa, vibration frequency of 6.5~6.9 Hz, vibration amplitude of 20~21 mm and layer height of 70 mm. Under the optimal condition, the qualified index was greater than 95, and the multiple index as well as the missing index was less than 2.5. It showed that the vibrating feeding pneumatic disc seed-metering device met the standard and requirements by comparing the results with the national standard. The research approach was suitable for the exploitation of mini-tuber seed-metering, and it provided a theoretical reference for the design of pneumatic disc seed-metering device. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Pneumatic materials handling equipment
Controlled terms: Computer simulation? - ?Experiments? - ?Feeding? - ?Filling? - ?Pneumatics? - ?Testing? - ?Tubes (components)
Uncontrolled terms: Average normal stress? - ?Mini-tuber? - ?Parameter combination? - ?Regression equation? - ?Seed filling? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Single-factor experiments? - ?Vibration frequency
Classification code: 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
? - ?632.3 Pneumatics
Pneumatics
? - ?632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery
Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery
? - ?691.1 Materials Handling Equipment
Materials Handling Equipment
? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods
Materials Handling Methods
? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
Numerical data indexing: Frequency 6.50e+00Hz to 6.90e+00Hz, Pressure 6.00e+03Pa, Size 2.00e-02m to 2.10e-02m, Size 7.00e-02m, Velocity 6.67e-01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.005
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
45. Parallelization on Model of Ecological Environment Remote Sensing Evaluation Based on GPU
Accession number: 20173404070611
Authors: Li, Lin (1); Gu, Jinfeng (1); Song, Anjie (2); Zheng, Haining (1); Cao, Jin (1); Zhu, Dehai (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield; S102TN, United Kingdom
Corresponding author: Zhu, Dehai(zhudehai@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 135-141
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to solve the problem of the model’s slowly processing speed of ecological environment remote sensing evaluation currently, a framework about GPU image processing was designed with data partitioning and scheduling asynchronous transmission which was based on the in-depth analysis about the data transmission bottleneck of heterogeneous CPU+GPU general computing platform. It included the carbon fixed quantity and grassland degradation index, whose intrinsic parallelism met the GPU computing features. For the above models, it was put forward based on CUDA parallel implementation. The core link of indexes for evaluation of ecological environment of remote sensing data standardization and weighted fusion of CUDA parallel module were implemented. Finally, the effectiveness of technical methods was verified through experiments, as the scale of data became larger, the parallel execution speed of three business models became faster, the speedup ratio of the fixed amount of carbon achieved a 8.04 times execution rate lift; the speedup ratio of the index of grassland degradation achieved a 12.21 times execution rate lift; and the speedup ratio of the index of ecological environment achieved a 7.45 times execution rate lift. At the same time, the speedup ratio was decreased as the number of input data files increased, equipment between I/O was still the main factor which restricted the running efficiency of the algorithm. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Remote sensing
Controlled terms: Ecology? - ?Graphics processing unit? - ?Image processing? - ?Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms: Asynchronous transmission? - ?CUDA? - ?Ecological environment evaluations? - ?Ecological environments? - ?Intrinsic parallelisms? - ?Parallel implementations? - ?Parallel processing? - ?Remote sensing evaluation
Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Ecology and Ecosystems
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.016
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
46. Land Use Change Pattern and Its Spatial Differentiation in Typical Basin of Sanjiang Plain
Accession number: 20173404070612
Authors: Zhou, Hao (1); Lei, Guoping (1); Yang, Xuexin (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Land Management, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110169, China
Corresponding author: Lei, Guoping(guopinglei@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 142-151
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Since early 1990s, the agricultural structure of Naoli River Basin had been greatly adjusted with large amounts of dry land changed into paddy field. As one of the important reclamation farms in China, the land use was changed severely in Naoli River Basin and such phenomenon would lead to a set of problems in the utilization. To reveal the spatial regular pattern and the difference of land use change in Naoli River Basin, the land use dynamic changes were analyzed, and the land use dynamic degree of the cultivated land was calculated by modeling all land use types of cultivated land and using the contribution results which was borrowed from the thought of landscape ecology, the analysis of land use spatial autocorrelation patterns was also achieved based on sub basin of Naoli River Basin. The remote sensing image data and DEM data were used as fundamental data resources. Results showed that the land use changes in the Naoli River Basin were incredibly violent, the increase of farmland area was the largest, and the internal transformations between the paddy field and dry land were the primary change. From 1990 to 2002, the change of paddy field was the main change types and the dynamic degree of land use change was obviously stronger than that during the period from 2002 to 2014. The middle and northern parts of Naoli River Basin were the mainly concentrated region of high land use dynamic degree, and the overall changing speed of the river basin was slowly trending down. The dynamic degree of land use change in different directions had good fitting trend and differed obviously between the two periods, but it maintained the basic trend that the change in the northeast direction was significantly higher than that in the southwest direction. The whole catchment previously showed the trend of aggregation of high to high and low to low obviously, the land use spatial autocorrelation patterns showed significant correlation, but in the later stage, the aggregation trend was gradually slowed down, and its aggregate on features was high to high and low to low, there was no catchment with aggregation trend of high to low. The research results can be used as references and consultancies for the land use zoning management and precise agriculture in the Naoli River Basin. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Land use
Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Autocorrelation? - ?Catchments? - ?Ecology? - ?Image reconstruction? - ?Land reclamation? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Rivers? - ?Runoff? - ?Watersheds
Uncontrolled terms: Change? - ?Land use dynamic degrees? - ?Landscape ecology? - ?Precise agriculture? - ?Remote sensing images? - ?River basins? - ?Spatial autocorrelations? - ?Spatial differentiation
Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
Urban and Regional Planning and Development
? - ?442.2 Land Reclamation
Land Reclamation
? - ?444.1 Surface Water
Surface Water
? - ?454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Ecology and Ecosystems
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?921 Mathematics
Mathematics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.017
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
47. Porous Metal-organic Frameworks: PCN 222 Sensitization to Ache Inhibition Method
Accession number: 20173404070619
Authors: Xu, Xiahong (1); Guo, Yu’na (1); Wang, Xinquan (1); Wang, Xiangyun (1); Qi, Peipei (1); Wang, Zhiwei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou; 310021, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Xinquan(wangxinquan212@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 193-198
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Food safety issues caused by pesticide residues become the spotlight of public concerns all over the world. Metal-organic frameworks: porous coordination network 222 (MOFs:PCN 222) were synthesized and investigated as a novel sensitizer for AChE-inhibited method. TCPP (Tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin) was employed as a ligand and highly stable Zr6clusters were chosen as nodes for the assembly of stable Zr-MOFs. With carefully selected starting materials, a 3D porous MOFs was successfully constructed. Some properties of the prepared PCN 222, including structure, morphology X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermostability were studied systematically. Porous virgate structure (spindle hexahedron), large surface area and strong thermostability were obtained for the MOFs. Based on the PCN 222, a sensitive AChE-inhibited method was developed. As a proof of concept, chlorpyrifos was used as a model analyte. Under the optimal conditions, absorbance increasing efficiency was increased by 68.8% (in 3 min), which substantially improved the sensitivity of the colorimetric method compared with traditional ache inhibition method. The results revealed that the sensitization range obtained for chlorpyrifosis was approximately 0.01~10 μg/mL. Furthermore, the biosensor was successfully applied to the quantitative assay of chlorpyrifos in synthetic sample (vegetable matrix). In addition, the method possessed the advantages of simplicity, rapidity and cost-effective. Hence, the developed sensitized AChE-inhibited method might provide a useful and practical tool for organophosphorus pesticide determination and related food safety analysis. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Food safety
Controlled terms: Bioassay? - ?Chemical contamination? - ?Cost effectiveness? - ?Crystalline materials? - ?Organometallics? - ?Pesticides? - ?Stability? - ?X ray diffraction
Uncontrolled terms: AChE-inhibited method? - ?Chlorpyrifos? - ?Metal organic framework? - ?Porous coordination networks? - ?Sensitization
Classification code: 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology
Medicine and Pharmacology
? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
? - ?822.3 Food Products
Food Products
? - ?911.2 Industrial Economics
Industrial Economics
? - ?933.1 Crystalline Solids
Crystalline Solids
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.00e-05kg/m3 to 1.00e-02kg/m3, Percentage 6.88e+01%, Time 1.80e+02s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.024
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
48. Solid-state Fermentation Parameter Optimization and Experiment of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens L-H15
Accession number: 20173404070627
Authors: Qin, Yuxuan (1); Wang, Hui (1); Zhang, Zhigang (2); Zhang, Ying (1); Shang, Qingmao (2); Li, Pinglan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China
Corresponding author: Li, Pinglan(lipinglan@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 258-266
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a kind of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. The response surface experiment and orthogonal experiment were used to optimize the number of trophosome of B. amyloliquefaciens L-H15, and determine the optimal conditions of its solid-state fermentation. In addition, B. amyloliquefaciens L-H15 solid-state fermentation inoculant was applied to cucumber plug seedling in order to verify its actual growth-promoting. The optimized fermentation conditions were identified. The solid matrix was composed of wheat bran and soybean (12.8) with external 20% rice hulls, 0.2% lactose and 0.38% soy peptone. And the ratio of water to matrix was 0.4 mL/g, with 46% bottling capacity, and 5% inoculation (108CFU/mL). Under this condition, the number of B. amyloliquefaciens L-H15 trophosome was as high as 1.68×1010CFU/g. L-H15 solid-state fermentation inoculant could remarkably increase the stem diameter, height, leaf area and accumulation of biomass (P<0.05), and significantly enhance the mineral elements contents. The cucumber root activity was increased by 5.86 times than that without L-H15 solid-state fermentation inoculant. Thus, B. amyloliquefaciens L-H15 can effectively stimulate plant growth, and L-H15 solid-state fermentation inoculant had a good prospect in the field of microbial fertilizer. This means that L-H15 is a good candidate of biofertilizer and biological control agent in the future. The application of this kind of solid fermentation inoculant can provide a new way for improving the yield of agricultural products. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Fermentation
Controlled terms: Agricultural products? - ?Bacteriology? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Matrix algebra? - ?Minerals? - ?Plants (botany)
Uncontrolled terms: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens? - ?Biological control agent? - ?Fermentation conditions? - ?Fermentation process? - ?Orthogonal experiment? - ?Parameter optimization? - ?Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria? - ?Solid-state fermentation
Classification code: 482.2 Minerals
Minerals
? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
? - ?921.1 Algebra
Algebra
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 2.00e-01%, Percentage 3.80e-01%, Percentage 4.60e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Specific_Volume 4.00e-04m3/kg
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.032
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
49. Design and Experiment of Integrated Test System for Terramechanics Parameters
Accession number: 20173404070603
Authors: Wang, Wei (1); Zhao, Jiafeng (1); Shen, Chenhui (1); Zhang, Xiaoliang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Department of Artillery Engineering, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 72-78
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Soil compressive strength and shear strength are important problems in the field of agricultural engineering, and vehicle subsidence depth and driving resistance are closely related with soil pressure and shear properties. In order to improve the testing range of bevameter independent of large equipment and solve the dispersion and diversity of test methods about terramechanics parameters, a comprehensive tester of soil pressure, shear and adhesion both indoor and outdoor was designed. Penetration test was independent of torsion process and did not impact relatively, realizing the testing and data processing independently. Choosing the drive motor or manually driven by screw lift transmission, the test instrument can obtain high range and accurate operating control. The system with cable displacement sensor and force torque sensor can take real-time dynamic travel information about soil sinkage depth, soil shear strength, and soil resistance of bearing pressure and other information, realizing the automation of computer remote control and data acquisition and processing. Shearing tests of wet compacted sand got results that soil cohesion was 3.14 kPa, internal friction angle was 38.2°; the plate loading test of wet compacted got results that the sand deformation index was 0.963, the cohesive deformation modulus was 178.73 kN/mn+1and friction deformation modulus was 11 908.40 kN/mn+2. The results showed that the comprehensive test instrument provided experimental basis and played a good effect on the research on load subsidence curve and shear stress distribution. Laboratory sand tests showed that the instrument had high reliability and practicability. The instrument met the requirements of test for a large range, multi dimension and unity of terramechanics parameters. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 15
Main heading: Soil testing
Controlled terms: Compressive strength? - ?Computer control systems? - ?Data acquisition? - ?Data handling? - ?Deformation? - ?Digital storage? - ?Friction? - ?Remote control? - ?Shear flow? - ?Shear strength ? - ?Shear stress? - ?Soils? - ?Subsidence? - ?Torsion testing
Uncontrolled terms: Displacement sensor? - ?Force-torque sensors? - ?Integrated-test-system? - ?Internal friction angle? - ?Shear properties? - ?Soil parameters? - ?Terramechanics? - ?Test systems
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques
Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques
? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
? - ?731.1 Control Systems
Control Systems
Numerical data indexing: Pressure 3.14e+03Pa
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.008
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
50. Design and Experiment of Seeding System for Harvest Ditch and Stalk-disposing Machine
Accession number: 20173404070601
Authors: Qin, Kuan (1); Ding, Weimin (1); Fang, Zhichao (1); Du, Taotao (1); Zhao, Siqi (1); Wang, Zhen (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China
Corresponding author: Ding, Weimin(wmding@njau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 54-62
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the aim to reach the requirement of combined work harvest with no-tillage seeding, the seeding system matching with harvest ditch and stalk-disposing machine was designed. The seeding system designed included seeding device, furrow opener and throwing soil device. The seeding system used external force feed for sowing of crop and through a set of three link mechanism controlled start-stop. Furrow opener was designed small size no-tillage opener that had arc shovel. The throwing soil device designed included guide plate and extension plate. The experimental results of furrow opener showed that furrow width was 3.1 cm, furrow depth was 3.6 cm and straw of broken rate was 83.4%, and the furrow opener reached requirement of ditching and breaking straw. The experimental results of designed throwing soil device showed that when length of extension board was 12 cm, throwing soil width was 105 cm, thickness of covering soil was 2.2 cm, rate of breaking soil was 97.8% and uniformity of throwing soil was 91.7%, and throwing soil device reached requirement of seed covering. The paddy direct seeding field experiment of seeding system was done in Hongchang farm, Shengao town, Jiangyan district, Taizhou city, Jiangsu province and in the experiment the sowing in line after rotary tillage(CK1) and the traditional transplant rice seedlings(CK2) was done as control group. The experiment result showed that to dry direct-seeding of dry seed rice, the yield peak was 6 532.4 kg/hm2, when seeding rate was 112.5 kg/hm2. To dry direct-seeding of soaking seed rice, the yield peak was 6 510.0 kg/hm2, when seeding rate was 135 kg/hm2. The yield of paddy direct seeding field was less than that of CK1, but it had no significant difference compared with the yield of CK1. The yield of paddy direct seeding field was less than that of CK2, but the difference value of yield was within a rational range. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 17
Main heading: Seed
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agriculture? - ?Cultivation? - ?Experiments? - ?Harvesting? - ?Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Difference values? - ?Direct-seeding? - ?Field experiment? - ?Furrow openers? - ?Jiangsu province? - ?No-tillage seeding? - ?System matching? - ?Throwing soil device
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
? - ?901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.34e+01%, Percentage 9.17e+01%, Percentage 9.78e+01%, Size 1.05e+00m, Size 1.20e-01m, Size 2.20e-02m, Size 3.10e-02m, Size 3.60e-02m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.006
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
51. Estimation of Forest Leaf Area Index Based on Random Forest Model and Remote Sensing Data
Accession number: 20173404070614
Authors: Yao, Xiong (1, 2); Yu, Kunyong (1, 2); Yang, Yujie (2); Zeng, Qi (2); Chen, Zhanghao (2); Liu, Jian (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) University Key Laboratory for Geomatics Technology and Optimize Resources Utilization in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou; 350002, China; (2) College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou; 350002, China
Corresponding author: Liu, Jian(fjliujian@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 159-166
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Accurate estimation of forest leaf area index (LAI), which is defined as half the total area of green leaves per unit ground surface area, is the important embodiment of precision forestry. In order to monitor forest LAI faster, more accurate and non-destructively, LAI-2200 plant canopy analyzer was used to acquire LAI data from the forest plots in western Fujian. Totally 12 kinds of vegetation index based on the Pleiades satellite images in the same period were calculated and the correlation between measured LAI and the vegetation index was analyzed. The purpose was to construct LAI estimation model specifically by using random forest algorithm (RF). Additionally for each sample group, the models based on support vector regression model (SVR) and back-propagation neural network model (BP) were employed as comparison models. The estimation accuracy of the three models for each sample group was compared based on determination coefficients (R2), root mean square errors (RMSE), mean relative errors (MAE) and relative percent deviation (RPD). The results indicated that the vegetation indices and LAI values were significantly correlated (P2of LAI estimated and measured values in the three sample groups based on RF model were 0.688, 0.796 and 0.707, respectively. RPD were 1.653, 1.984 and 1.731, respectively. These data were all higher than those of SVR model and BP model, and RF model showed a higher accuracy than the other two models (RMSE of RF model were 0.509, 0.658 and 0.696, respectively; MAE were 0.417, 0.414 and 0.466, respectively). These results would be helpful for improving the forest LAI remote sensing estimation accuracy. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Remote sensing
Controlled terms: Backpropagation? - ?Decision trees? - ?Forestry? - ?Mean square error? - ?Neural networks? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Torsional stress? - ?Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms: Back propagation neural networks? - ?Forest? - ?Leaf Area Index? - ?Random forest modeling? - ?Support vector regression models
Classification code: 723.4 Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
? - ?961 Systems Science
Systems Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.019
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
52. Mechanism of Different Concentrations of Dimethoate Residue on Microstructure of Lettuce Leaves
Accession number: 20173404070639
Authors: Sun, Jun (1, 2); Zhou, Xin (1); Li, Qinglin (2); Jiang, Shuying (1); Mao, Hanping (2); Yang, Ning (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 5
Issue date: May 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 350-355
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Fast identification of pesticide residue in lettuce leaves plays a key role in the test of food safety. However, there are a few studies on the mechanism of pesticide on the internal structure of lettuce. In order to further study the effects of dimethoate on lettuce microstructure, the lettuce at rosette stage was used as the experimental object. Besides, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to detect the microstructure of lettuce leaves. It was found that the microstructure of the lettuce leaves was changed obviously with the increase of the concentration of dimethoate pesticides sprayed. Moreover, the ratio of length to width and density of stomata in leaves were decreased, leaf thickness was decreased, osmiophilic granules were increased and the starch granules were decreased. In the wavelength range of 897~1 332 nm, spraying dimethoate lettuce spectral reflectance was inversely proportional to the concentration of dimethoate. However, in the wavelength range of 1 703~1 754 nm, spraying dimethoate lettuce reflectance was proportional to the concentration of dimethoate. In addition, dimethoate pesticide spraying with different concentrations resulted in different textures of lettuce leaves. The results showed that dimethoate produced a huge change on lettuce microstructure, which caused great changes of the image information of lettuce leaves. Study on the microstructure of lettuce leaves sprayed with different concentrations of dimethoate pesticide provided the basis for the study on the mechanism of HSI technology to detect the different concentrations of pesticide residues in lettuce. Therefore, hyperspectral image detection technology can effectively realize the quantitative detection of pesticide residues on the surface of lettuce leaves. ? 2017, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Pesticides
Controlled terms: Chemical contamination? - ?Electron microscopy? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Food safety? - ?Granulation? - ?High resolution transmission electron microscopy? - ?Hyperspectral imaging? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Microstructure? - ?Reflection ? - ?Scanning electron microscopy? - ?Spectroscopy? - ?Transmission electron microscopy
Uncontrolled terms: Image information? - ?Internal structure? - ?Lettuce leaves? - ?Pesticide residue? - ?Pesticide spraying? - ?Quantitative detection? - ?Ratio of length to widths? - ?Spectral reflectances
Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms
Mechanisms
? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems
Optical Devices and Systems
? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals
? - ?822.3 Food Products
Food Products
? - ?951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.70e-06m to 1.75e-06m, Size 8.97e-07m to 1.33e-06m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.044
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
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