2017年第6期共收錄54篇
1. Carbon Dioxide Optimal Control Model Based on Support Vector-Improved Fish Swarm Algorithm
Accession number: 20174104253155
Authors: Xin, Pingping (1, 2); Zhang, Zhen (1, 2); Wang, Zhiyong (1, 2); Hu, Jin (1, 2); Shao, Zhicheng (1, 2); Zhang, Haihui (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Haihui(zhanghh@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 249-256
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: CO2was one of the main raw materials for plant photosynthetic rate, CO2optimal regulation model to meet the crops’ requirements was pivotal to afford a fine growth environment in crops’ whole life cycle. CO2optimal regulation model fusing the support vector machine-improved fish swarm algorithm was proposed to provide a quantitative basis for precise regulation of CO2in greenhouse. Taking the cucumber plant as research object, considering the mechanism of its photosynthesis, a photosynthesis rate nest-test with three-factor combinations consisted of temperature, photon flux density and CO2concentration was constructed. In the test, temperatures, photon flux densities and CO2concentrations were set at 9, 7, 10 gradients, respectively. Totally 630 groups of CO2response data were obtained by LI-6400XT portable photosynthesis rate instrument, in which 81% of the data was employed to construct the support vector machine (SVM) photosynthetic rate prediction model, while the remaining data was used for model validation. Furthermore, through improved fish swarm algorithm with SVM photosynthetic rate prediction model network as input, optimized photosynthetic rate values were acquired with variety of variables. Accordingly, CO2saturation points were generated at different temperatures and photon flux density conditions for CO2optimal regulation model. Compared the proposed SVM photosynthetic rate prediction model with conventional non-linear regression (NLR) prediction model and error back propagation (BP) prediction model, results showed that SVM prediction model was obviously superior to NLR prediction model and BP prediction model with correlation coefficient of 0.994 and mean absolute error of 0.879 μmol/(m2•s). Then, XOR checkout was adopted to validate the CO2optimal regulation model, results showed that the correlation coefficient between the simulated values and measured values was 0.965 and the maximum relative error was 3.056%, which indicated that the proposed CO2optimization model could be applied to predict CO2saturation points dynamically and provide a feasible way for CO2concentration precise controlling for plants in greenhouse.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Carbon dioxide
Controlled terms: Backpropagation - Carbon - Crops - Errors - Forecasting - Greenhouses - Optimization - Photons - Photosynthesis - Plants (botany) - Support vector machines - Vectors
Uncontrolled terms: Fish-swarm algorithms - Photosynthetic rate - Regulation models - Saturation point - Support vector machine algorithm
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 723.4 Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures
Farm Buildings and Other Structures
- 921.1 Algebra
Algebra
- 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
- 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.06e+00%, Percentage 8.10e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.032
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
2. Optimization of Grinding Performance for Large-type Semi-autogenous Mill Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
Accession number: 20174104252737
Authors: Li, Feng (1); Fu, Kaijin (1); Yu, Xiangjun (2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China; (2) School of Automatic Control and Mechanical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming; 650214, China
Corresponding author: Yu, Xiangjun(582200523@qq.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 392-398
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to improve the grinding performance of large-type semi-autogenous (SAG) mill, the trajectories of steel balls under different filling numbers were obtained through the test of the test bench of mill. Discrete element equivalent model of test bench was built and the trajectories of the steel balls were simulated. Test results and simulation results of equivalent model were compared. The comparisons showed that test results of trajectories of steel balls were consistent with simulation results. The main factors influencing the grinding performance and the influence law were studied. Mathematical model between factors and evaluation indexes was obtained through the quadratic polynomial stepwise regression analysis and analysis of variance. Optimal parameters combination was also obtained. The hierarchy structure and judgment matrix between factors and indexes were created by using the analytic hierarchy process. The prediction model of comprehensive evaluation index of grinding performance was established, by which the main design parameters of large-type SAG mill were optimized. Compared with the index values before optimization, the power per unit mass and total effective collision frequency between steel balls and aggregates were increased by 10.78% and 15.47%, respectively, and the maximum wear height of the lining was decreased by 10.81%. Meanwhile, the comprehensive grinding performance was increased by 17.25%.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Ball mills
Controlled terms: Analytic hierarchy process - Grinding (machining) - Regression analysis - Testing - Trajectories
Uncontrolled terms: Autogenous mill - Collision frequency - Comprehensive evaluation index - Grinding performance - Performance optimizations - Quadratic polynomial - Stepwise regression analysis - Uniform design method
Classification code: 604.2 Machining Operations
Machining Operations
- 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment
Chemical Plants and Equipment
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
- 961 Systems Science
Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.08e+01%, Percentage 1.55e+01%, Percentage 1.72e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.052
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
3. Reconstruction for Gas-Liquid Flow of Liquid-ring Pump Based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition
Accession number: 20174104253173
Authors: Zhang, Renhui (1, 2); Wu, Hao (1); Yang, Junhu (1, 2); Li, Rennian (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; Gansu Province; 730050, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 381-386
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: According to the complicated gas-liquid flow in liquid-ring pump, the large amount of calculation, and the difficulty for its optimization design, the flow field reconstitution for the gas-liquid flow of liquid-ring pump based on proper orthogonal decomposition were proposed. The blade was parameterized by Taylor polynomial, and the experiment samples can be designed by introducing small perturbation of the control parameter. The transient gas-liquid flow in liquid-ring pump was simulated by using the VOF model. The snapshot set consisted of the control parameter for the blade shape and the flow field data. According to the geometric similarity of the impeller flow passage and the mesh deformation technology, the flow field data of the similar position of each point were interpolated. The snapshot set can be decomposed as linear combination of orthogonal basis by using proper orthogonal decomposition. The coefficients of the objective blade orthogonal basis were fitted by the least square method. The flow field data of the objective blade were reconstructed. In the calculation case for the type of 2BE-203 liquid-ring pump, the gas-liquid flows of single blade passage were reconstructed, and almost all the flow structures were accurately predicted. The prediction had high accuracy except near the gas-liquid interface. The calculation amount for the multiphase flow field was greatly reduced.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Phase interfaces
Controlled terms: Deformation - Flow fields - Gases - Least squares approximations - Liquids - Mesh generation - Principal component analysis - Pumps - Two phase flow
Uncontrolled terms: Gas liquid flows - Gas-liquid interface - Geometric similarity - Least square methods - Liquid ring pumps - Mesh deformation - Proper orthogonal decompositions - Small perturbations
Classification code: 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
- 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
- 801.4 Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
- 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
- 921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.050
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
4. Recognition Method for Two Overlaping and Adjacent Grape Clusters Based on Image Contour Analysis
Accession number: 20174104253125
Authors: Luo, Lufeng (1, 2); Zou, Xiangjun (1); Wang, Chenglin (1); Chen, Xiong (1); Yang, Zishang (1); Situ, Weiming (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin; 300222, China
Corresponding author: Zou, Xiangjun(xjzou1@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 15-22
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The recognition and location of overlapping or adjacent grape clusters in vineyard is one of the difficulties of grape picking robot vision system. In order to locate the grape clusters accurately, a method for targets detection and extraction in two overlapping and adjacent grape clusters was proposed based on image contour analysis. Firstly, the H color component images that can well distinguish the summer black grape clusters from the background were extracted from the HSV color space, the grape clusters in the extracted images were segmented by using the improved K-means clustering method, and subsequently the noises in the segmented images were eliminated by using morphological operations. Secondly, the edges of grape clusters were extracted, and the midpoint of the line crossed the extreme points on the left and right edge of grape clusters was calculated out. Thirdly, midpoint was taken as the original point, and a geometry calculation model for solving the dividing line between two grape clusters was built after analyzing the contour characteristics. The two intersection points of the adjacent grape clusters’ edges were computed by using the minimum distance constraint between the original point and the specified edges. Finally, the dividing line of two grape clusters was obtained by connecting the two intersection points, and the two grape clusters were extracted separately. To verify the robust of the proposed method, totally 27 vineyard images with two overlapping and adjacent grape clusters were tested, and the results showed that the grape clusters in 24 images were correctly identified and extracted. The success rate reached up to 88.89%, and the accuracy of the extracted pixel region was from 87.63% to 96.12%. The elapsed time of the developed algorithm was 0.59 ~ 0.68 s. Moreover, the developed algorithm was transplanted to the self-developed harvesting robot, and the running results showed that the proposed method could be used to localize two overlapping and adjacent grape clusters.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Image processing
Controlled terms: Clustering algorithms - Color - Image analysis - Image enhancement - Image segmentation - Mathematical morphology
Uncontrolled terms: Contour analysis - Improved k-means clustering - Intersection points - Morphological operations - Overlapping and adjacent grape clusters - Picking robot visions - Recognition and locations - Target recognition
Classification code: 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis
Information Sources and Analysis
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.76e+01% to 9.61e+01%, Percentage 8.89e+01%, Time 6.80e-01s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.002
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
5. Design and Experiment on Semi-active Controller for Hybrid Suspension
Accession number: 20174104253167
Authors: Wang, Ruochen (1); Jiao, Yu (1); Qian, Jin’gang (1); Ding, Renkai (1); Chen, Long (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 334-340
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to improve the dynamic performance of traditional passive suspension and recovery vibration energy from it, a semi|active hybrid suspension system was designed. The dynamic equation of the 1/4 vehicle was established, and then the variations of current in the Boost mode and Buck mode were studied respectively, and the influence of duty cycle of Mosfet on electromagnetic damping force of the linear motor was also analyzed. On this basis, semi-active control strategy based on skyhook and groundhook hybrid control was introduced. The concept of semi|active control reference force (Fref) was proposed, and the optimal control parameters of the semi-active control reference force were determined by using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Through tracking the current in different working modes, the purpose of real-time control of the motor electromagnetic damping force was reached. Then the hybrid suspension system model was built by Simulink simulation, and the dynamic and regenerative performance of the hybrid suspension system and the current tracking control effect of the semi-active controller were compared respectively. The simulation results showed that the semi-active hybrid suspension could improve the dynamic performance of vehicle, and partial vibration energy was recovered at the same time, the semi-active controller that designed had better control effect on current. Finally, the bench test was carried out, and the correctness of the simulation results was verified by comparing with the test results.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Suspensions (components)
Controlled terms: Active suspension systems - Automobile suspensions - Controllers - Damping - Hybrid vehicles - Linear motors - Magnetic levitation vehicles - Optimization - Particle swarm optimization (PSO) - Real time control - Vehicles - Vibrations (mechanical)
Uncontrolled terms: Current tracking control - Duty-cycle - Electromagnetic damping - Hybrid controls - Hybrid suspension - Hybrid suspension system - Optimal controls - Particle swarm optimization algorithm
Classification code: 432 Highway Transportation
Highway Transportation
- 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components
Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components
- 705.3 Electric Motors
Electric Motors
- 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications
Automatic Control Principles and Applications
- 732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
- 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
- 931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.044
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
6. Simulation on Pyrolysis Gasification of Biomass in Flue Gas Based on ASPEN PLUS
Accession number: 20174104253159
Authors: Liu, Liansheng (1); Zhao, Rongxuan (1); Wang, Gaoyue (1); Yang, Nannan (1); Wang, Dongji (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin; 300401, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 278-283
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Based on the ASPEN PLUS platform, the biomass pyrolysis gasification model was established by using the gas-solid reaction kinetics in the flue gas atmosphere generated by the biomass pyrolysis gas combustion. The kinetics of pyrolysis biomass was analyzed by AKTS in simulative flue gas (80%N2, 17%CO2and 3%O2). The simulation results were compared with the experimental values to verify the validity of the model, and the number of reactors was determined by analyzing the atmosphere influencing the pyrolysis gasification characteristics. The results showed that the simulation performance of biomass gasification based on ASPEN PLUS platform was favorable. The model was closer to the actual countercurrent flow reaction with the increase of the number of kettle. In order to ensure the accuracy of simulation, it was more appropriate to choose the number of reactors in series 4. During the process of biomass pyrolysis gasification, the activation energy (E) and the pre-exponential factor (A) of the kinetic parameters were not fixed values but changed with the increase of the reaction temperature. The pyrolysis gasification reaction did not follow a single reaction mechanism, which was composed of multiple steps. Compared with the nitrogen and oxygen atmosphere, the flue gas atmosphere was favorable for the production of CO. The calorific value of gas was increased by 1.3 times, which was mainly caused by the increase of volume of CO and CH4.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Computer software
Controlled terms: Activation energy - Biomass - Flue gases - Flues - Gases - Gasification - Kinetics - Nitrogen - Pyrolysis - Reaction kinetics
Uncontrolled terms: ASPEN PLUS - Biomass Gasification - Counter-current flow - Kinetics of pyrolysis - Preexponential factor - Pyrolysis gasifications - Reaction temperature - Simulation performance
Classification code: 451.1 Air Pollution Sources
Air Pollution Sources
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
- 802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.036
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
7. Design and Experiment of 3SCJ-2 Type Row Weeding Machine for Paddy Field
Accession number: 20174104253132
Authors: Wang, Jinfeng (1); Wang, Jinwu (1); Yan, Dongwei (1); Tang, Han (1); Zhou, Wenqi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Jinwu(jinwuw@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 71-78 and 202
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the improvement of people’s living standard, the requirement of rice quality becomes increasingly high. In the process of rice planting, the using amount of herbicide should be reduced. In order to reduce the using amount of herbicide, the mechanical weeding is the most time-saving and force-saving way. Japan is in the leading level for mechanical weeding technology, but the soil conditions are different between Japan and China, even in China, the soil is different for different provinces and areas. In addition, the edges of paddy field do not have steering areas for weeders in China. Therefore, single row and double row weeding machines with compact structure and light weight are more suitable for operation in China. The weeds were buried and picked out though the rotation of driving and driven weeding wheel for double row paddy field weeding machine. Structure model of driving weeding wheel was established, the design formulas of the structure parameters of the radius, width, speed, rake tooth and so on were developed for driving weeding wheel, and the design principles of the structural parameters for driven weeding wheel and limit deep plate were obtained through the analysis of characteristics of rice seedlings, grass root and structural requirements, which provided references for design of driven weeding wheel and limit deep plate. The mechanical models for driving weeding wheel, driven weeding wheel and the frame and limit deep plate were established, the driving moment of driving weeding wheel was deduced. According to the analysis of the structure model, mechanical model and agronomic technical parameters, the relevant parameters were determined as: the radius of driving weeding wheel was 0.15 m, the radius of driven weeding wheel was 0.1 m, the rotation speed of driving weeding wheel was 0.6 r/s, the number of rake tooth was 6, the length of rake tooth was 0.12 m, the driving moment was 27 N•m, the engine was 1.25 kW with single cylinder two stroke, the main-gear box was RV40 worm gear reducer. The field test and performance experiment were carried out for the developed double row paddy field weeding machine, the results showed that the weeding quality was good for double row paddy field weeding machine, which can meet the needs of agricultural technical indicators.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Structural design
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Design - Engine cylinders - Herbicides - Plates (structural components) - Testing - Weed control - Wheels
Uncontrolled terms: Compact structures - Paddy fields - Performance experiment - Structural parameter - Structural requirements - Structure parameter - Technical indicator - Weeding machines
Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General
Structural Design, General
- 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
Structural Members and Shapes
- 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components
Internal Combustion Engine Components
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Numerical data indexing: Power 1.25e+03W, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.20e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m, Torque 2.70e+01N*m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.009
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
8. Recognition Method of Cow Behavior Based on Combination of Image and Activities
Accession number: 20174104253142
Authors: Gu, Jingqiu (1, 2); Wang, Zhihai (1); Gao, Ronghua (2); Wu, Huarui (2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing; 100044, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Zhihai(zhhwang@bjtu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 145-151
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Due to the application of internet of things (IoT) to large-scale cow breeding, mass of multi-scale data and multi-divisional sensor data and video monitoring data of cow individuals were collected. Therefore, it is significant to dig out useful information about features of healthy reproduction behavior for development of scientific large-scale breeding measures and improve economic benefits from cow breeding. For the rapid and accurate identification of cow reproduction and healthy behavior from mass surveillance video, totally 400 head of young cows and lactating cows were taken as the research object and cow behavior from the dairy activity area and milk hall ramp was analyzed. The method of object recognition based on image entropy was proposed, aiming at the identification of motional cow object behavior against a complex background. Calculation of a minimum bounding box and contour mapping was used for the real-time capture of rutting span behavior and hoof or back characteristics. Then, by combining the continuous image characteristics with movement of cows for 7 d, abnormal behavior of dairy cows from healthy reproduction can be quickly distinguished by the method, which improved the accuracy of the identification of dairy cows characteristics. Cow behavior recognition based on image analysis and activities was proposed to capture abnormal behavior that had harmful effects on healthy reproduction and improve the accuracy of cow behavior identification. The experimental results showed that through target detection, classification and recognition, the recognition rates of hoof disease and heat in the reproduction and health of dairy cows were greater than 80%, and the false negative rates of oestrus and hoof disease reached 3.28% and 5.32%, respectively. This method can enhance the real-time monitoring of cows, save time and improve the management efficiency of large-scale farming.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Behavioral research
Controlled terms: Dairies - Image analysis - Image enhancement - Image processing - Image segmentation - Internet of things - Motion analysis - Network security - Object recognition - Security systems
Uncontrolled terms: Activities - Cow behavior - Image entropy - Image moments - Intelligent analysis - Target segmentation
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
- 822.1 Food Products Plants and Equipment
Food Products Plants and Equipment
- 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
Accidents and Accident Prevention
- 971 Social Sciences
Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.28e+00%, Percentage 5.32e+00%, Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.019
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
9. Model Test Analysis of Impeller Selection in Large Vertical Axial Flow Pumping System
Accession number: 20174104253135
Authors: Xie, Chuanliu (1); Tang, Fangping (1); Liu, Chao (1); Yang, Fan (1); Shi, Lijian (1); Duan, Xiaohui (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Hydraulic Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225100, China
Corresponding author: Tang, Fangping(tangfp@yzu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 94-99 and 131
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The selection of impeller of axial flow pump has a direct impact on the flow, head, and efficiency of the pump device; whether the impeller matches the actual working conditions of the axial flow pump device is the most important part as far as the design and energy saving are concerned. The improper selection could result in deviation of operating conditions of pump, the reduction of service efficiency, and the increase of unit vibration; consequently further influenced the efficiency, safety and stable operation of the pump station. Thus it is of great significance to choose a proper type of impeller for the operation of axial flow pump. Based on the vertical axial flow pump model test, the method of selection of pump impeller was analyzed; on the basis of the traditional method, the method with reference to the weighted average flow rate, weighted average efficiency and weighted average NPSH of the pump station was added. Finally, test program 3 was chosen: the blade placement angle was 6°, the flow rate was 398.5 L/s, the head was 6.07 m, the efficiency was 75.5%, the NPSH was 7.4 m, the performance was the optimal at design points, the high efficiency area was wide, the weighted average flow rate was 414.25 L/s, the weighted efficiency was 71.385%, the weighted average NPSH was 8.435 m, and the overall performance was the best. The chosen program 3, given the guaranteed design parameters of the pump device, can give full play to the pump more effectively and generate greater economic and social benefits, thus providing reference for future similar projects.
Number of references: 16
Main heading: Pumps
Controlled terms: Axial flow - Energy conservation - Impellers - Pumping plants - Software testing - Statistical methods
Uncontrolled terms: Design parameters - Economic and social benefits - Model tests - Operating condition - Pumping stations - Selection - Vertical axial flow pump - Weighted averages
Classification code: 446 Waterworks
Waterworks
- 525.2 Energy Conservation
Energy Conservation
- 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
- 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
- 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.14e+01%, Percentage 7.55e+01%, Size 6.07e+00m, Size 7.40e+00m, Size 8.44e+00m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.012
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
10. Electrochemical Immunosensor Assay (EIA) of E. coli O157:H7 Based on MOCPs-MWCNTs with Highly Efficient Antibody Immobilization
Accession number: 20174104253166
Authors: Yang, Hua (1); Xu, Xiahong (1); Guo, Yu’na (1); Xiao, Yingping (1); Tang, Biao (1); Wang, Qiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou; 310021, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 328-333
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Microbiological contamination caused by food-borne diseases has become a major public health problem of the world. A novel electrochemical immunosensor assay (EIA) for high sensitive and specific detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was developed. A new nanocomposites with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) embedded inmetal-organic coordination polymers (MOCPs) was successfully prepared as highly efficient matrices of capturing antibody immobilization for sensitive electrochemical biosensing. In the presence of target E. coli O157:H7, horse radish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled antibody was captured on the electrode surface to form a sandwich-type system via the specific identification. As a result, E. coli O157:H7 detection was realized by outputting a redox current from electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide reaction catalyzed by HRP. In the assay, the combination of the unique properties of MWCNTs and MOCPs can not only accelerate electron transfer on the electrode interface, but also provide an excellent scaffold for the conjugation of capture antibody. Meanwhile, adopting the MWCNTs-MOCPs materials significantly improved the target capturing efficiency and enhanced the sensitivity of the biosensor. The results revealed that the calibration plot obtained for E. coli O157:H7 was approximately linear from 67 cfu/mL to 6.7×106cfu/mL with the limit of detection of 40 cfu/mL. In addition, the biosensor was successfully applied to quantitative assay of E. coli O157:H7 in synthetic sample (milk). Hence, the developed electrochemical-based immunosensor might provide a useful and practical tool for E. coli O157:H7 determination and related food safety analysis and clinical diagnosis.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCN)
Controlled terms: Antibodies - Bioassay - Biosensors - Carbon - Carbon nanotubes - Diagnosis - Electrodes - Escherichia coli - Food microbiology - Food safety - Immunosensors - Nanotubes - Organic polymers - Organometallics - Polymers - Scaffolds - Yarn
Uncontrolled terms: Antibody immobilization - Electrochemical biosensing - Electrochemical immunosensors - Escherichia coli O157:H7 - Horse-radish peroxidase - Hydrogen peroxide reaction - Metal-organic coordination polymers - Microbiological contaminations
Classification code: 405.1 Construction Equipment
Construction Equipment
- 461 Bioengineering and Biology
Bioengineering and Biology
- 761 Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 815.1 Polymeric Materials
Polymeric Materials
- 815.1.1 Organic Polymers
Organic Polymers
- 819.4 Fiber Products
Fiber Products
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.043
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
11. Effect of Dynamic High-pressure Microfluidization on Egg White Protein Allergenicity and Digestibility
Accession number: 20174104253164
Authors: Chi, Yujie (1); Li, Yinnan (1); Zhao, Ying (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 312-318
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to investigate the effects of DHPM treatment on allergenicity, digestibility and structures of EWP, EWP was processed under a continuous pressure array of 40 MPa, 80 MPa, 120 MPa, 160 MPa and 200 MPa. After DHPM treatment, the degree of hydrolysis and digestibility of EWP was evaluated by in vitro digestion test, the allergenicity was measured by ELISA assay, and changes in molecular weight and conformational structure of EWP were characterized by SDS-PAGE, circular dichroism spectrum and fluorescence spectra. The results showed that DHPM treatment with pressure ranging from 80 MPa to 200 MPa could significantly reduce the allergenicity of EWP, especially at 120 MPa. The Ig E-binding of DHPM treated EWP and its hydrolysates were reduced by 63.7% and 93.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, the molecular weight distributions of DHPM treated EWP were not changed. However, the DHPM treatment contributed to an increase in relative fluorescence intensity, but the spectral peaks shift was not observed. At the same time, the surface hydrophobicity and free sulfydryl group content of EWP were significantly increased after DHPM treatment (80~200 MPa) compared with native EWP, and some α-helices were destroyed and converted to β-sheets and random coils, indicating that the secondary and tertiary structures of EWP were changed. It was found that the reduction of antigenicity was correlated with the changes in the structure and epitopes of the allergenic protein. Thus the content of α-helices was decreased with the reduction in antigenicity, suggesting that Ig E-binding epitopes might be located in the α-helices structure of EWP. Moreover, hydrolysis efficiency and digestibility in vitro of EWP were markedly increased through the DHPM treatment (80~200 MPa). These results suggested that DHPM can be adopted as an important physical modification method for EWP of hypoallergenic and improving digestibility. The research can provide theoretical basis for the development of low sensitivity egg white products and their applications in food industry.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: High pressure effects
Controlled terms: Allergens - Antigens - Bins - Dichroism - Epitopes - Fluorescence - Hydrolysis - Molecular weight - Molecular weight distribution - Proteins
Uncontrolled terms: Allergenicity - Circular dichroism spectra - Conformational structures - Dynamic high-pressure microfluidization - Egg white proteins - In-vitro digestions - Relative fluorescence intensity - Secondary and tertiary structures
Classification code: 461.9.1 Immunology
Immunology
- 694.4 Storage
Storage
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.37e+01%, Percentage 9.35e+01%, Pressure 1.20e+08Pa, Pressure 1.60e+08Pa, Pressure 2.00e+08Pa, Pressure 4.00e+07Pa, Pressure 8.00e+07Pa to 2.00e+08Pa, Pressure 8.00e+07Pa
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.041
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
12. Topological Manifolds Analysis for Inverse Kinematics of Redundant Fiber Placement Manipulator
Accession number: 20174104252736
Authors: Xu, Peng (1); Cheng, Jinxiang (1); Ying, Mingfeng (1); Li, Kui (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 387-391 and 406
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: A new topological manifolds method was proposed to solve the inverse kinematics problem of the redundant fiber placement manipulator. It improved the calculation precision compared with the optimized projected gradient method. A structure of smooth topological manifolds was presented by the inverse kinematics solution of redundant fiber placement manipulator, the simulation topological manifolds were obtained when the position sub-manifolds and posture sub-manifolds had a different simulation analysis for the redundant fiber placement manipulator model, it was like the function mapping in the mathematics from the manipulator joints space to the working space of the end effector. The tangent vector described velocity vector for each point on the topological manifolds, the gather of all these tangent vectors were defined as the tangent vector space on the point. The kinematics problems of the redundant fiber placement manipulator were abstracted to mathematically curved surface topological manifolds problem in the new method, it provided a new theoretical basis for manifolds analysis of the redundant fiber placement manipulator. Thus the subsequent optimization of inverse kinematics solutions manifolds problems were obtained by using self-motion curved surface manifolds theory in the mathematics, it provided a new method for improving the subsequent optimization self-motion control of the redundant fiber placement manipulator. The whole operating performance of the redundant fiber placement manipulator was improved greatly, and it would play a great role in promoting the quantity in the working fiber placement. The new method was verified by simulation of plane S-shaped inlet.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Topology
Controlled terms: Automobile engine manifolds - Fibers - Functions - Gradient methods - Inverse kinematics - Inverse problems - Kinematics - Manipulators - Redundancy - Vector spaces - Vectors
Uncontrolled terms: Calculation precision - Inlet - Inverse kinematics solutions - Operating performance - Projected gradient methods - Self motion control - Simulation analysis - Tangent vector space
Classification code: 661.2 Automotive Engine Components
Automotive Engine Components
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.051
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
13. Electric Controlled Automatic Tray Feeding Device for Hard and Soft Tray of Rice Precision Seeding for Nursing Seedlings Planter
Accession number: 20174104253128
Authors: Ma, Xu (1, 2); Chen, Lintao (1); Huang, Guan (1); Qi, Long (1, 2); Lin, Shaomin (1); Lu, Qiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha; 410128, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 41-49
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Rice factory seedling nursery is a technology that may greatly benefit the Chinese agriculture. It can improve the productivity of rice tray nursing seedlings planter, simplify the cultivation procedure and requirement, and reduce the labor intensity of manual planting. However, one technical drawback of this technology is that the current automatic tray feeder suffers from significant vibration shock and unstable reliability of automatic tray feeder. A composite tray which can be fitted with soft plastic trays and an automatic tray-supplying apparatus for rice tray nursing seedlings planter was developed. The control system was based on the STM32 microcontroller, the trays were detected by a proximity switch, and the servo steering shaft mechanism was used to automatically lift and drop the tray. Through theoretical analysis, the force model for the embedded composite tray was established, and the working parameters of the composite tray were determined. Key components such as the reel shaft mechanism, the lifting finger and the conveying device were designed. For analyzing the performance of the automatic tray feeder and discovering of the main factor of the tray feeding success rate, an orthogonal trial experiment was carried out by using the hard tray, and the tray feeding success rate was used as the experimental index. The orthogonal experiment showed that the tray stacking deviation had significant influence on tray feeding success rate, while the productivity and the tray feeding rate were non-significant. In addition, according to analyzing the experimental data, the automatic tray feeder was improved. Individually, two single factor experiments were carried out which regarded tray feeding success rate as experimental index. One experiment used the hard tray as experimental subject and the other one used soft plastic tray with the embedded composite tray as the experimental subject. Experimental results showed that the improved automatic tray feeder achieved high performance, the rate of hard tray feeding success was 100% and that of the soft plastic tray with the embedded composite tray was more than 98%. The automatic tray feeder can effectively raise productivity and reduce labor intensity, and the experimental indexes met the using requirements of rice tray nursing seedlings planter.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Feeding
Controlled terms: Cultivation - Nursing - Productivity - Seed
Uncontrolled terms: Automatic tray feeder - Electronic controls - Hard and soft tray - Rice - Tray nursing seedlings
Classification code: 461.7 Health Care
Health Care
- 691.2 Materials Handling Methods
Materials Handling Methods
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 9.80e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.005
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
14. Utilization Zoning of Reserve Resources for Cultivated Land Based on Two-dimensional Graph Theory Clustering Method at County Scale
Accession number: 20174104253138
Authors: Zhou, Hao (1); Lei, Guoping (1); Yang, Xuexin (1); Zhang, Kangkang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Land Management Institute, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110169, China
Corresponding author: Lei, Guoping(guopinglei@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 116-124
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The reserve resources for cultivated land should be targeted to differentiated protection and development management on the basis of different resource conditions and utilization direction, so as to realize the best benefit of capital investment, and then achieve the ultimate goal of coordinated development in research area. Heilongjiang Province was the main grain production area and the most important agriculture province in China. Its grain production and agriculture had obvious advantages. Heilongjiang Province owned large area of reserve resources for cultivated land, which was the most important province in farmland supplement. Taking Heilongjiang Province as the research area, the conditions of resource reserve, resource investment and resource development potential were considered. The spatial analysis and two-dimensional graph theory clustering method were used to study the land use zoning and determine the direction of regulation. The results showed that the two-dimensional graph theory clustering method can achieve the goal of ensuring the independence of the reserve land use resources and the internal consistency of the zoning. Heilongjiang Province was divided into potential development zone, ecological environment construction zone, key development zone, ecological environment protection zone, development and utilization of control zone and the appropriate development zone, all the six partitions results were serving for the Heilongjiang Province reserve resources for cultivated land. And then different development management strategies were adopted for different zone types, and management strategy was formulated. The research can provide decision support for the development and utilization of reserve resources for cultivated land in Heilongjiang Province.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Graph theory
Controlled terms: Agriculture - Cluster analysis - Decision support systems - Ecology - Economics - Grain (agricultural product) - Investments - Land use - Partitions (building) - Research and development management - Zoning
Uncontrolled terms: Clustering methods - County scale - Cultivated lands - Development and utilizations - Differentiated protection - Ecological environment constructions - Ecological environment protections - Heilongjiang
Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
Urban and Regional Planning and Development
- 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
Structural Members and Shapes
- 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Ecology and Ecosystems
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
- 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
- 971 Social Sciences
Social Sciences
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.015
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
15. Design Method and Driving Voltage Waveform of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator Used on Electronic Controlled Injector
Accession number: 20174104253171
Authors: Xue, Guangming (1); Zhang, Peilin (1); He, Zhongbo (1); Li, Dongwei (1, 2); Huang, Yingjie (1); Zhang, Lei (3)
Author affiliation: (1) Vehicles and Electrical Engineering Department, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China; (2) School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) Artillery Engineering Department, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China
Corresponding author: He, Zhongbo(hzb_hcl_xq@sina.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 365-372
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Combining the output characteristics of giant magnetostrictive material with the driving requirements of an electronic controlled injector, the structure design and driving method of giant magnetostrictive actuator suitable to the injector were proposed. The electronic controlled injector required the displacement in only one direction and the displacement should be shortened at the same time. Then two types of giant magnetostrictive actuators were presented by considering the impact of the bias magnetic field on the actuator’s output, and the applicable currents in different bias fields were analyzed. Steady-state displacements and responding time of the two kinds of actuators were measured with the help of an experimental system. And the performance differences of the two actuators, accompanied by the reasons leading to them, were pointed out. As the traditional driving voltage for the giant magnetostrictive actuator, direct voltage in square waveform would cause quite long time in raising the coil current, which occupied most of the whole responding time of the actuator. To save responding time, a fast driving wave was designed with referring the high-voltage opening method used in an electromagnetic actuator. And the output performance of the actuator, strongly biased actuator taken as an example, under designed driving wave was measured and analyzed simultaneously. The results showed that designed driving voltage could reduce the responding time quite effectively from 4 ms to 1 ms. In addition, as the giant magnetostrictive actuator could output continuous displacements from 12 μm to 33 μm, the designed actuator supported more driving effects than the electromagnetic actuator.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Magnetic actuators
Controlled terms: Actuators - Bias voltage - Design - Electric actuators - Electromagnets - Magnetic fields - Magnetostrictive devices
Uncontrolled terms: Bias magnetic field - Driving voltages - Giant magnetostrictive actuator - Injector - Performance
Classification code: 701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
- 704.1 Electric Components
Electric Components
- 713 Electronic Circuits
Electronic Circuits
- 732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.20e-05m to 3.30e-05m, Time 4.00e-03s to 1.00e-03s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.048
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
16. Discharge Coefficient Evaluation and Steady Flow Characteristics for Intake Port of Turbocharged Diesel Engine
Accession number: 20174104253168
Authors: Liu, Fushui (1, 2); Kang, Ning (1); Xu, Yang (1); Li, Yikai (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 341-348
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: For a turbocharged diesel engine, the differential pressure in the intake port is up to 60~80 kPa during the intake stroke, and the gas compressibility needs to be considered. Therefore, a formula of the discharge coefficient with consideration of the gas compressibility was theoretically derived and compared with the Ricardo’s formula. Furthermore, the steady flow simulation models of the direct intake port were established, and the effects of intake pressure and differential pressure on steady flow characteristics were studied. Results showed that when the compressibility of gas in the intake port became stronger, the calculation values of Ricardo’s formula were deviated from the true value much more, so the Ricardo’s formula cannot be used for the performance evaluation of the intake port in turbocharged diesel engines any more. However, the derived formula can be still applied to the flow capacity evaluation calculation. From the investigation of the steady flow characteristics, the influence of the compressibility on the air motion was irrelevant to the intake pressure, but it was relevant to r (differential pressure divided by the intake pressure), and with the increase of r, the influence was enhanced. When r was the same, with the increase of intake pressure, Caver(mean discharge coefficient) was increased. When intake pressure was the same, with the increase of r, Caverwas firstly increased and then decreased. Thus under each intake pressure, with the variation of r, there was a peak, and the corresponding r was called rmax. With the increase of intake pressure, rmaxwas approximately decreased linearly.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Diesel engines
Controlled terms: Air intakes - Compressibility - Compressibility of gases - Engines - Steady flow
Uncontrolled terms: Derived formulae - Differential pressures - Discharge coefficients - Evaluation formula - Flow charac-teristics - Gas compressibilities - Intake pressure - Turbocharged diesel engine
Classification code: 612.2 Diesel Engines
Diesel Engines
- 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
- 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Pressure 6.00e+04Pa to 8.00e+04Pa
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.045
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
17. Drying Characteristics and Mathematical Models of Chinese Wolfberry in DC High Voltage Electric Field
Accession number: 20174104253163
Authors: Ding, Changjiang (1); Yang, Maosheng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Science, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Huhhot; 010051, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 302-311
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to explore the new drying technology of Chinese wolfberry, improve the quality of dried Chinese wolfberry, and find suitable mathematical model, the drying experiments were carried out for Chinese wolfberry fruits with a multiple needle-to-plate electrode at 0 kV, 22 kV, 28 kV, 34 kV, 40 kV and 45 kV at the same temperature and humidity in DC high voltage electric field. The shrinkage rate, rehydration rate, polysaccharides and vitamin C content of the dried wolfberry fruits were measured. The mass transfer enhancement factor, the effective moisture diffusion coefficient (Deff) and the specific energy consumption were also calculated. Ten mathematical models were then applied to simulate drying curves based on three statistical parameters. The results showed that the drying rate of Chinese wolfberry fruits in the DC high voltage electric field was higher than that of the control. Under the same voltage, the drying rate of the Chinese wolfberry was gradually changed with the prolonging of drying time. The drying rate and specific energy consumption were increased with the increase of voltage. By ANOVA, the results showed that Chinese wolfberry fruits in the DC high voltage electric field had a significant effect on rehydration rate compared with control (p0.05). DC high voltage electric field drying could keep more polysaccharides and vitamin C content compared with oven drying. The mass transfer enhancement factor was heightened with the increase of voltage, and the effective moisture diffusion coefficient (Deff) values were increased with the increase of voltage. It was clear that all ten mathematical models could satisfactorily describe drying curves of Chinese wolfberry fruits treated by DC high voltage electric field. From the statistical result, the Midill and Kucuk model was selected as the best model to represent the drying characteristics of Chinese wolfberry fruits in the DC high voltage electric field. Microstructure detection indicated that the microstructure of Chinese wolfberry fruits was changed in the DC high voltage electric field. Those results may provide some clues and practical guidance for optimizing the process of drying Chinese wolfberry fruits in DC high voltage electric field drying system, improving the drying efficiency and promoting the development of Chinese wolfberry fruits drying technology.
Number of references: 31
Main heading: HVDC power transmission
Controlled terms: Diffusion - Drying - Electric fields - Energy utilization - Fruits - Mass transfer - Mathematical models - Microstructure - Moisture - Polysaccharides - Shrinkage
Uncontrolled terms: Drying rates - High voltage electric field - Mass transfer enhancement factor - Microstructure detections - Moisture diffusion coefficient - Specific energy consumption - Temperature and humidities - Wolfberry fruits
Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization
Energy Utilization
- 641.3 Mass Transfer
Mass Transfer
- 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
- 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission
Electric Power Transmission
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Voltage 4.00e+04V, Voltage 4.50e+04V, Voltage 0.00e+00V, Voltage 2.20e+04V, Voltage 2.80e+04V, Voltage 3.40e+04V
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.040
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
18. Research Status and Prospect of Control Technology for Residual Plastic Film Pollution in Farmland
Accession number: 20174104253124
Authors: Zhao, Yan (1); Chen, Xuegeng (1); Wen, Haojun (1); Zheng, Xuan (1); Niu, Qi (2); Kang, Jianming (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) Mechanical Equipment Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi; 832000, China; (2) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Chen, Xuegeng(chenxg130@sina.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 1-14
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Plastic film mulching cultivation has been widely used in agricultural production due to the benefits such as increasing soil temperature, reducing weed pressure and certain insect pest and improving crop yields. The plastic film mulching area in China is more than 20 million hm2and this technology provides significant support for the crop yield improvement and food security. Residual plastic film in soil is increased in quantity with the increase of mulching duration and area, and the residual plastic film pollution had seriously threatened agricultural production and natural environment, which has become a prominent problem affecting the sustainable development of agricultural production in China. The technology and equipment of residual plastic film at home and abroad was reviewed, the representative model and structure of residual plastic film collecting machine which used in different periods, including pre-sowing stage, seeding stage and autumn film collection stage were summarized in detail, and their merits and demerits were analyzed. Then the foreign policies and regulations on the collection and management of agricultural plastic film and domestic policies for residual plastic film pollution control were systematically summarized. Finally, the current research feature in this field was summarized and future development direction was shown clearly based on policy, technology and demand of agricultural sustainable development. Corresponding technology and scheme of residual plastic film control for China’s national conditions were proposed as following: replacing ordinary non-degradable film with degradable film; guaranteeing the mechanized collection of ordinary plastic film, especially establishing the completely mechanized collection system for residual plastic film; opening up the new channel for reusing residual plastic film. In conclusion, development of the residual plastic film collecting machine with good quality and high reliability is important guarantees to control residual plastic film pollution, and research on innovative reuse technology of residual film is an inevitable trend.
Number of references: 83
Main heading: Pollution control
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Control - Crops - Cultivation - Environmental protection - Food supply - Planning - Plastic films - Pollution - Quality control - Sustainable development
Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural plastic films - Agricultural productions - Control technologies - Development directions - National conditions - Natural environments - Plastic film mulching - Technology and equipments
Classification code: 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection
Environmental Impact and Protection
- 817.1 Polymer Products
Polymer Products
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 822.3 Food Products
Food Products
- 912.2 Management
Management
- 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
Quality Assurance and Control
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.001
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
19. Down-scaling Transformation of Vegetation Temperature Condition Index Using Median Fusion Model
Accession number: 20174104253136
Authors: Wang, Pengxin (1); Liu, Jiao (1); Li, Li (1); Zhang, Shuyu (2); Xie, Yi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Shaanxi Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Xi’an; 710014, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 100-108
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Vegetation temperature condition index (VTCI) is proved to be a quantitative drought monitoring approach by using the high temporal resolution remotely sensed data. However, with low temporal resolution data, the monitoring results are relatively wet and dry. A new model called the median fusion model (MFM) was developed for spatially down-scaling the coarse spatial quantitative VTCI (1 km) derived from the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data products and the relative VTCI (30 m) derived from the Landsat OLI/TIRS products in the Guanzhong Plain, China to a scale of the quantitative drought monitoring results (30 m) called MFM-VTCI, and their quantifications were proved. The results showed that the good agreements between the MFM-VTCIs and the Landsat-VTCIs were found in terms of correlation coefficient and structural similarity index (SSIM) values, and the two VTCIs had similar spatial distribution and texture features. The root mean square error (RMSE) and the differences between the MFM-VTCIs and the Landsat-VTCIs were consistent with the systematic error between the quantitative drought monitoring results and the relatively wet and dry monitoring results, indicating that it was comparable between the MFM-VTCIs and the Landsat-VTCIs. The correlation coefficients between the MFM-VTCIs and the cumulative precipitation were similar to those between the MODIS-VTCIs and the cumulative precipitation, which were larger than those between the Landsat-VTCIs and the cumulative precipitation, indicating that the down-scaled MFM-VTCIs were quantitative drought monitoring results.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Condition monitoring
Controlled terms: Drought - Mean square error - Monitoring - Radiometers - Remote sensing - Satellite imagery - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms: Down-scaling - Drought monitoring - Fusion model - LANDSAT - MODIS data - Vegetation temperature condition index
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
- 655.2 Satellites
Satellites
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
- 944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments
Radiation Measuring Instruments
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.00e+03m, Size 3.00e+01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.013
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
20. Irrigation Scheduling Based on Moisture and Electric Conductivity Sensors in Organic Culture of Cucumber
Accession number: 20174104253157
Authors: Li, Youli (1); Guo, Wenzhong (1); Zhao, Qian (1); Li, Yinkun (1); Yang, Ziqiang (2); Xue, Xuzhang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Centre of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Management Committee of Wuzhong National Agricultural Sci-Tech Garden in Ningxia, Wuzhong; 751100, China
Corresponding author: Xue, Xuzhang(xuexz@nercita.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 263-270
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: An experiment was carried out to study irrigation schedule based on moisture and electric conductivity (EC) sensors in cucumber production based on organic culture. Coconut bran was the substrate of cultivation. Three irrigation strategies were implemented which was scheduled by digital timer (CK), moisture sensors (T1), as well as moisture and EC sensors together (T2). Coir moisture content, EC of input nutrient solution and drainage were monitored, which was used to determine irrigation volume. The growth parameters were measured, including SPAD value of leaves, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rates, fruit quality and yield, as well as irrigation amount, and production efficiency of consumed nutrient solution was calculated. The results showed that under the three irrigation strategies, difference in plant growth, yield and quality of harvested cucumber was insignificant. Total irrigation amount of T2 was 49.08% less than that of CK, and 31.85% less than that of T1. Use efficiency of nutrient solution of T2 was 103.92% higher than that of CK and 60.59% more than that of T1, respectively. In conclusion, the irrigation strategy based on incorporated application of moisture and EC sensors offered better nutrient solution use efficiency. The strategy can be used in automatic management of nutrient solution supply in organic culture of cucumber in greenhouse.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Moisture control
Controlled terms: Efficiency - Electric conductivity - Electric conductivity measurement - Irrigation - Moisture - Moisture meters - Nutrients - Plants (botany)
Uncontrolled terms: Cucumber - Irrigation schedule - Moisture sensors - Organic cultivations - Organic nutrients
Classification code: 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
- 913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
- 942.2 Electric Variables Measurements
Electric Variables Measurements
- 944.1 Moisture Measuring Instruments
Moisture Measuring Instruments
- 944.2 Moisture Measurements
Moisture Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.19e+01%, Percentage 4.91e+01%, Percentage 6.06e+01%, Percentage 1.04e+02%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.034
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
21. Path Analysis of Cold Resistance Measured by EIS and EL Methods with Physiological Indicators of Peach Trees
Accession number: 20174104253150
Authors: Qian, Ji (1); Zhou, Juan (2); Di, Bao (1); Ding, Tianran (3); Zhang, Haiwang (4); Chen, Haijiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding; 071001, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding; 071001, China; (3) School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu; 80101, Finland; (4) The Afforestation Research Institute in Arid Zones of Liaoning Province, Chaoyang; 122000, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 210-216
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to find scientific statistic method to analyze physiological indicators of cold resistance of peach trees (Prunus persica L.). The relations among cold resistance and the four physiological indicators, including soluble sugar, proline, starch and water contents were studied by path analysis. Cold resistance was determined by parameters of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrolytic leakage (EL). Shoots of 8-year-old peach trees were collected for the experiment from Shibei Village (Heibei Province, China, 37°96’N, 115°44’E, altitude of 31 m). The results showed that parameter of EIS had a direct relation to proline and soluble sugar contents, with -0.35 and -0.61 (Pe) was the most significant parameter that can reflect cold resistance of peach trees. The results also indicated that path analysis was a reasonable, scientific statistic method to analyze relations to physiological indicators for cold resistance. The results of this experiment can be applied to study the correlation analysis of cold resistance of peach trees and the physiological indicators, as well as increasing the effectiveness and accuracy of selecting physical indicators.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Fruits
Controlled terms: Forestry - Physiology - Regression analysis - Water content
Uncontrolled terms: Cold resistance - Correlation analysis - Electrical impedance spectroscopy - Path analysis - Peach trees - Physical indicators - Physiological indicators - Soluble sugar contents
Classification code: 461.9 Biology
Biology
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Age 8.00e+00yr, Size 3.10e+01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.027
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
22. Effects of Red and Blue LED Irradiation in Different Alternating Frequencies on Growth and Quality of Lettuce
Accession number: 20174104253156
Authors: Chen, Xiaoli (1); Yang, Qichang (2); Ma, Taiguang (3); Xue, Xuzhang (1); Qiao, Xiaojun (1); Guo, Wenzhong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Centre of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China
Corresponding author: Guo, Wenzhong(guowz@nercita.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 257-262
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Lettuce was grown in the fully artificial light plant factory, where adjustable red and blue LED panels were used as the sole light source for lettuce growth. Red and blue light with different alternating frequencies were provided to test plant responses to the alternating red and blue lights. Meanwhile, concurrent red and blue light treatments were set as controls. Results were analyzed in terms of the growth dynamics, and the accumulation of biomass, photosynthesis pigments, soluble sugar, crude protein, vitamin C contents as well as nitrate content in lettuce. The results showed that based on the same energy consumption, alternating red and blue lights with the frequency of one time (R/B1) in a 16 h period promoted the accumulation of biomass, soluble sugar and crude protein contents, while alternating red and blue lights with the frequency of four times (R/B4) in a 16 h period enhanced the vitamin C content and decreased nitrate content of lettuce. Among all the treatments, the highest chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were both detected under R/B1 or R/B4 treatments, no significant difference existed between the two treatments for the pigment content. Therefore, the focal point was the comparison of red and blue lights provided at the same time and those provided separately with different alternating intervals based on the same daily light integral. The goal was to determine the effects of different radiation modes of red and blue LED lights on the growth and quality of lettuce. The alternating modes would provide methods for deeply studying the relationship of red and blue lights when acting on plants. Meanwhile, the selection of light formula based on the same energy consumption was more acceptable in practical production.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Light emitting diodes
Controlled terms: Concurrency control - Ecology - Energy utilization - Light sources - Nitrates - Proteins - Radiation effects
Uncontrolled terms: Alternating frequency - Daily light integrals - Lettuce - Photosynthesis pigments - Plant factory - Practical production - Red and blue light - Vitamin c contents
Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Ecology and Ecosystems
- 525.3 Energy Utilization
Energy Utilization
- 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits
Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing: Time 5.76e+04s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.033
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
23. Analysis of Stiffness Characteristics of Soft Arm
Accession number: 20174104252739
Authors: Xiang, Chaoqun (1); Hao, Li’na (1); Zhang, Ying (1); Guo, Shaofei (1); Li, Cunfeng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110819, China
Corresponding author: Hao, Li’na(haolina@me.neu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 407-412
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Soft robot arm driven by pneumatic artificial muscles can possess the ability of high ratio of power to weight, important for performance and light weight, and a vital component of the inherent safety approach to physical human-robot interaction. One of the main drawbacks of pneumatically actuated soft arm is that their stiffness cannot be varied independently from their position in space. Based on these reasons, a novel variable stiffness soft robotic arm composed of both three contractile and one extensor pneumatic artificial muscles was presented. This arm combined the light weight, high ratio of power to weight and robustness of pneumatic actuation with the adaptability and versatility, and stiffness can be adjusted independently of its length. Experiment platform of single contractile and extensor pneumatic artificial muscles was setup, and the static characteristic was identified for contractile and extensor pneumatic artificial muscles through quasi-static experiments. By using the least square method, the relational model of pressure, distance and stiffness for single contractile and extensor pneumatic artificial muscles was established. In order to analyze the stiffness characteristic of this arm, stiffness model of the designed soft arm was established. Stiffness experiment platform of this soft arm was setup. Experiment data was compared with theoretical model, and they possessed the same trend, the mean relative error was 3.60%, and the maximum relative error was 6.17%.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Stiffness
Controlled terms: Experiments - Human robot interaction - Least squares approximations - Muscle - Pneumatic drives - Pneumatics - Pulse amplitude modulation - Robotic arms - Robots
Uncontrolled terms: Maximum relative errors - Physical human-robot interactions - Pneumatic artificial muscle - Quasi-static experiments - Soft robot - Static characteristic - Static stiffness - Stiffness characteristics
Classification code: 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
- 632.3 Pneumatics
Pneumatics
- 632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery
Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery
- 731.5 Robotics
Robotics
- 901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
- 921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.60e+00%, Percentage 6.17e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.054
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
24. Analysis of Water Utilization in Grain Production from Water Footprint Perspective in Heilongjiang Province
Accession number: 20174104253147
Authors: Fu, Qiang (1); Liu, Ye (1); Li, Tianxiao (1); Cui, Song (1); Liu, Dong (1); Cheng, Kun (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 184-192
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to provide decision-making references for the allocation of available water resources in Heilongjiang Province, water footprint theory was used to calculate the grain water footprint during 2007-2012 in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, and the water utilization of food crops was analyzed in Heilongjiang Province during 2007-2012. The results showed that water consumption of grain production was huge, which was increased instantly over the years in Heilongjiang Province. Grain water footprint was less than the water requirement for per unit yield in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, and water shortage was serious in the process of grain crop production in some areas. Through spatial autocorrelation analysis, it showed that the grain green water footprint and the grain blue water footprint of Heilongjiang Province in 2007-2012 both had spatial clustering between similar values. The grain yield of Heilongjiang Farms & Land Reclamation Administration was high, but the ratio of grain blue water footprint was also high, and the grain production was more dependent on irrigation water resources, the water consumption was great. There were significant differences in the spatial distribution of grain water footprint in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, which was generally high in the northeast and low in the southwest. In the six years, the average grain water footprints were 1.15 m3/kg, 1.01 m3/kg, 1.32 m3/kg, 1.04 m3/kg, 0.91 m3/kg and 0.83 m3/kg, respectively. The blue water footprint of grain was significantly lower than that of the green water footprint in Heilongjiang Province, and grain production was highly dependent on the green water resources. In the six years, the average grain blue water footprint ratios were 33.91%, 31.68%, 25.76%, 29.81%, 32.97% and 33.73%, respectively. Due to the significant reduction of grain yield per unit area in 2009, the years of 2007-2012 was divided into two distinct periods of 2007-2008 and 2009-2012. The grain water footprint had the trend of decreasing year by year during the two periods, and the water use efficiency of grain production in the two periods were increased year by year. From the perspective of grain water footprint, the situation of water use in grain production in different areas of Heilongjiang Province was discussed. It can effectively reflect the grain crop production and water resources utilization efficiency, and provide technical support for the water management in grain production in Heilongjiang Province.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Water resources
Controlled terms: Crops - Cultivation - Decision making - Decision theory - Efficiency - Grain (agricultural product) - Irrigation - Land reclamation - Spatial distribution - Spatial variables measurement - Water management - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms: Distribution of grains - Heilongjiang - Spatial autocorrelation analysis - Spatial clustering - Water footprint - Water requirements - Water resources utilizations - Water use efficiency
Classification code: 442.2 Land Reclamation
Land Reclamation
- 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
- 446.1 Water Supply Systems
Water Supply Systems
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 912.2 Management
Management
- 913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
Mechanical Variables Measurements
- 961 Systems Science
Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.58e+01%, Percentage 2.98e+01%, Percentage 3.17e+01%, Percentage 3.30e+01%, Percentage 3.37e+01%, Percentage 3.39e+01%, Specific_Volume 1.01e+00m3/kg, Specific_Volume 1.04e+00m3/kg, Specific_Volume 1.15e+00m3/kg, Specific_Volume 1.32e+00m3/kg, Specific_Volume 8.30e-01m3/kg, Specific_Volume 9.10e-01m3/kg
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.024
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
25. Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Maize Water Budget Based on Combined Model in Liaoning Province
Accession number: 20174104253148
Authors: Wei, Xinguang (1); Wang, Tieliang (1); Liu, Chuncheng (2); Nie, Zhenyi (3); Li, Bo (1); Yao, Mingze (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China; (2) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang; 453002, China; (3) College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Tieliang(tieliangwang@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 193-202
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Water budget is an essential parameter for crop water management and optimal allocation of the regional agricultural water resources. Long-term observations of meteorological data were collected from 1955 to 2014 in 27 agricultural meteorological stations in Liaoning Province, and relevant physiological information of maize was also recorded. Through analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of evapotranspiration (ET) and water budget of maize, the results were got as follows: ET of maize reached the highest in west of Liaoning Province (greater than 380 mm), while the lowest was obtained in south of Liaoning Province (less than 345 mm). The trend of water budget was increased from northwest to southeast of Liaoning Province, and water deficit was quite common in western part. There was a decreasing trend of yearly water budget within the whole Liaoning Province, which significantly happened in west and north of Liaoning Province (UF0.05/2=1.96), and very significantly happened in middle of Liaoning Province (UF=-2.890.01/2=-2.58), their decrease rate reached 19.465 mm/10 a. Water budget determined by the typical year method were higher than that determined by the virtual year method in most of the research sites (55.6%~81.5%). Among different hydrological years, the consistence of the results from high to low showed as follows: wet year, dry year, drought year and normal year. Besides, their difference was found to be lower than 30 mm in most of the research sites (48%~74%). In order to improve the accuracy of corn water budget in Liaoning Province, a combination model was used. The results showed that with the increase of hydrological frequency (from wet to dry of hydrological year), regions showing water deficit were increased gradually. There was only water deficit in Chaoyang region in wet year, but in drought years it was widely expanded to the whole province except Benxi City and Dandong City in east of Liaoning Province.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Budget control
Controlled terms: Agriculture - Drought - Meteorology - Spatial distribution - Water management - Water resources
Uncontrolled terms: Liaoning Province - Maize - Projection pursuits - Spatial and temporal distribution - Virtual year method - Water budget
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Size 3.00e-02m, Size 3.45e-01m, Size 3.80e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.025
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
26. Analysis of Main Influencing Factors and Modeling of Photosynthetic Rate for Cucumber at Initial Flowering Stage
Accession number: 20174104253154
Authors: Zhang, Haihui (1, 2); Zhang, Zhen (1, 2); Zhang, Siwei (1, 2); Hu, Jin (1, 2); Xin, Pingping (1, 2); Wang, Zhiyong (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 242-248
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Crop photosynthetic rate is under the influence of physiological and ecological interactions, which could impact plants’ whole growth cycle. Aiming to demonstrate the main affecting factors of photosynthetic rate for cucumber at initial flowering stage and build a high-efficiency photosynthetic rate predicting model by combining the main factors with intelligence algorithm. Firstly, eight typical affecting factors were selected and a multi-factor coupling test was designed. Among the eight factors, photon flux density, temperature and CO2concentration were set at 16, 5, 6 gradients, respectively. Under each gradients combination, the values of stomatal conductance, relative humidity and difference of vapour pressure were measured by gas analyzer Li-6400XT. Besides, chlorophyll was measured by analyzer SPAD-502Plus and nitrogen was measured by analyzer TYS-4N. Meanwhile, photosynthetic rate was measured by Li-6400XT. Secondly, correlation analysis method was employed to find out the main affecting factors. Results showed that the five factors of photon flux density, CO2concentration, temperature, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll were correlated with photosynthetic rate of cucumber at initial flowering stage significantly. Then a combination algorithm of genetic algorithm and radial basis function neural network (GA-RBF) was adopted to build photosynthetic rate prediction model under these five main factors, while genetic algorithm (GA) was employed to optimize the propagation speed of radial basis function (RBF) neural network. Finally, XOR checkup method was used to analyze the prediction model performances with the five main affecting factors and the total eight factors. It showed that the model with five main factors had an obviously higher prediction accuracy than the one with eight factors, while the determination coefficient of photosynthetic rate between actually measured and calculated values reached 0.997 6, the maximum absolute error was 1.008 6 μmol/(m2•s), and the mean absolute error was 0.350 9 μmol/(m2•s). As a conclusion, the approach proposed for predicting photosynthetic rate of cucumber at initial flowering stage not only predigested model complexity but also improved the prediction accuracy, which may hold potential applications for cucumber growth environment regulation in greenhouse.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Factor analysis
Controlled terms: Bacteriology - Carbon dioxide - Chlorophyll - Correlation methods - Environmental impact - Forecasting - Functions - Genetic algorithms - Photons - Radial basis function networks
Uncontrolled terms: Correlation analysis - Environmental impact factors - Photosynthetic rate - Prediction model - RBF Neural Network
Classification code: 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection
Environmental Impact and Protection
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
- 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics
Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.031
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
27. Interaction Relationship between Soil and Very Narrow Tine during Penetration Process
Accession number: 20174104253129
Authors: You, Yong (1); He, Changbin (1); Wang, Decheng (1, 2); Wang, Guanghui (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant Systematic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Decheng(wdc@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 50-58
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the development of the conservation tillage technology and low disturbance soil treatment, new tillage tools like narrow or very narrow tines are applied more often. In order to provide theoretical supports for the design and optimization of tillage tools and key components, and enrich the theory system of soil-tool interaction, the very narrow tine-soil interaction was investigated, especially during the penetration process. Two tines with different cutting edge shapes were designed and a special test bed was set up based on the soil bin test bench as well. Soil failure mechanism was analyzed. The resistances of the two tines were recorded, analyzed and compared in the penetration stage. And the resistance prediction mechanical models were proposed. The mean resistance sources of the tines were found by analyzing the tines resistance mechanical models. The contact areas of the very narrow tines in different depths were measured and calculated by using the CATIA three-dimensional design software, and the relationships between the resistances and contact areas were analyzed as well. Results indicated that soil failure was mainly caused by the stress field and velocity field in the soil-tine interaction. Mechanical components of soil cohesive, pressure, friction and adhesion were the main resistance sources of the tines. The forces between the tines and soil can be predicted by the soil mechanical components. The prediction models can well reflect the tendency between the resistances and the depth in the tines working processes. Furthermore, the results indicated that there was a nonlinear relationship between the resistance and soil-tine contact area with certain soil property parameters. The tine geometry parameter became an important influence factor of the resistance.
Number of references: 33
Main heading: Soil testing
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Compaction - Electric arc welding - Failure (mechanical) - Forecasting - Soil conservation - Soils - Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Interaction relationship - Narrow tine - Prediction model - Soil failure - Soil tillage
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 538.2.1 Welding Processes
Welding Processes
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.006
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
28. Growth Kinetics and Carbon Utilization Analysis of Pseudomonas fragi from Fish
Accession number: 20174104253165
Authors: Guo, Quanyou (1); Xiu, Yanhui (1, 2); Wang, Lumin (1); Jiang, Chaojun (1); Wang, Lei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai; 200090, China; (2) College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Lumin(lmwang@ecsf.ac.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 319-327
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Pseudomonas fragi is one of the specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) in aquatic food, especially in refrigeration stage. Aiming to investigate carbon utilization of P. fragi at different temperatures and study the effect of pH value, NaCl and sodium lactate on growth of P. fragi based on the kinetics of colour formation. Firstly, bacterial suspension was inoculated in Biolog GEN III plates, respectively incubating at different temperatures (15, 25 and 33). Then the data were fitted by the modified Gompertz equation and kinetic parameters were estimated. Through kinetic parameters (maximum specific growth rate and lag phase), and combining utilization area (S) and average well colour development (AWCD) value, the effect of carbon source utilization at different temperatures and environment factors on P. fragi was analyzed. Results showed that at 25 P. fragi had the highest carbon utilization and activity ability, which was followed by 15, and the lowest value was got at 33. At 15~33, P. fragi mainly used carbohydrates, amino acids and carboxylic acids. Moreover, the effect of changes of different temperatures on various kinds of carbon sources utilization was obvious, while the effect of changes of different temperatures on utilization rates was not obvious. In carbohydrates α-D-glucose, L-fucose, sucrose and D-mannitol could be better utilizated. In amino acids L-pyroglutamic acid, D-serine, L-alanine, L-glutamic acid could be better utilized. And in carboxylic acids quinic acid, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, D-saccharic acid, L-malic acid were better utilized. At 15 the pH value was kept at 6.0 or 5.0, which the color maximum rates of color development were close, while at 25, pH value of 6.0 was far greater than at pH value of 5.0, and at 33 at any pH value, the growth of P. fragi was inhibited. At 15~25, 4%~8% NaCl and at 33, 1%~8% NaCl or pH value of 6.0 or pH value of 5.0, the growth of P. fragi was inhibited, and at 15~25, 1% NaCl or pH value of 6.0, pH value of 5.0 and at 33, 1% NaL the growth of P. fragi was promoted. The antibacterial effect on P. fragi and carbon utilization was analyzed which can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing product formulation and guaranteeing product quality.
Number of references: 44
Main heading: Growth kinetics
Controlled terms: Amino acids - Aquatic organisms - Bacteria - Carbohydrates - Carboxylic acids - Color - Glucose - Kinetic parameters - Kinetics - pH - Spoilage
Uncontrolled terms: Antibacterial effects - Bacterial suspensions - Carbon utilization - Environmental factors - Maximum specific growth rates - Modified gompertz equations - Pseudomonas fragi - Specific spoilage organisms
Classification code: 461.9 Biology
Biology
- 471 Marine Science and Oceanography
Marine Science and Oceanography
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 801.1 Chemistry, General
Chemistry, General
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.042
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
29. Assessment System for Organic Vegetables Certification Risk Based on Catastrophe Progression Method
Accession number: 20174104253143
Authors: Zhang, Lingxian (1, 2); Gu, Dongyue (1); Chen, Cheng (1); Zou, Chunyu (1); Li, Xinxing (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Standardization (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Li, Xinxing(lxxcau@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 152-158
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In recent years, with the improvement of people’s living standards, organic products with health, ecology, safety advantages, have become a hot in consumer market. However, in the current market environment, the organic product was mixed, causing a crisis of confidence of consumers. Production processes are the ultimately problem. The organic certification is just beginning in China. Thus there is a greater risk when the certification bodies certificating the production process, affecting certification result. Aiming at the problems of lack of integrity and effectiveness of the organic vegetables production certification, and less of quantitative assessment method for the organic vegetables certification risk, according to the basic principle of catastrophe progression method and the national standard of organic product, combining with the production of organic vegetables, the organic vegetables certification risk evaluation index system was built, the three-tie architecture model of organic vegetables certification risk assessment was put forward based on catastrophe progression method, the qualitative factors were quantified, certification risk was assessed and the organic vegetables certification risk assessment system was designed based on catastrophe progression method. By testing the practical application of the system, the model can assess organic vegetables certification risk efficiently and show the key certification risk impact point at the same time. The research improved the integrity and effectiveness of organic vegetables certification, provided risk management recommendations for the management of organic vegetable production, and provided scientific basis for the relevant functional departments to supervise the production of organic vegetables.
Number of references: 12
Main heading: Risk assessment
Controlled terms: Commerce - Risk management - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms: Architecture modeling - Assessment system - Catastrophe progression method - Certification bodies - Production process - Qualitative factors - Quantitative assessment methods - Vegetable productions
Classification code: 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.020
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
30. Design and Experiment on Automatic Steering Control System of Friction Drive for Tractor
Accession number: 20174104253127
Authors: Zhang, Wenyu (1); Ding, Youchun (1, 2); Wang, Lei (1); Wan, Xingyu (1); Lei, Xiaolong (1); Liao, Qingxi (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha; 410128, China
Corresponding author: Liao, Qingxi(liaoqx@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 32-40
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: An automatic steering control system of friction drive for tractor was designed to solve the problem that traditional automatic steering control system was too complex to be installed on 2BFQ-6 type direct-seeding combined dual purpose planter. A four connecting rods parallel institutions was used to develop the steering control device of friction drive for achieving fast mode switching. Meanwhile, the friction drive was simple in operation and convenient in installation by using the clamping installation method. The discrete simulation model of tire steering maneuver was established based on slip characteristics of the device. The simulation model was adopted to design the genetic algorithm optimizer, which could optimize the controller parameters online. The self-adaptation controller was adapted to control the automatic steering device of friction drive. The experiment on LX854-DFH tractor was used to analyze the performance of genetic algorithm optimizer. The experimental results showed that rise and regulation response time of the genetic algorithm optimization controller was decreased by 15% and 29% compared with the fixed parameter controller, respectively. The measured 20° step responses indicated that the average regulation time was 2.4 s, the average absolute steady-state error was 0.197°, and there was no steady state oscillation, when the experimental results were recorded. The automatic steering control system of friction drive could be applied to control nosewheel steering turning of 2BFQ-6 type direct-seeding combined dual purpose planter for rapeseed.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Controllers
Controlled terms: Control rods - Control systems - Friction - Fuzzy control - Genetic algorithms - Optimization - Parameter estimation - Seed - Tractors (agricultural) - Tractors (truck) - Tribology
Uncontrolled terms: Automatic steering control - Discrete simulation model - Friction drive - Genetic-algorithm optimizations - Nosewheel - Parameter controllers - Self adaptation - Steady state oscillation
Classification code: 621 Nuclear Reactors
Nuclear Reactors
- 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles
Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles
- 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications
Automatic Control Principles and Applications
- 731.1 Control Systems
Control Systems
- 732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
- 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 2.90e+01%, Time 2.40e+00s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.004
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
31. Research Progress on Pollution and Monitoring Technology of Particulate Matter from Livestock and Poultry Farms
Accession number: 20174104253153
Authors: Wang, Kaiying (1); Dai, Shengyan (1); Wang, Lingjuan (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (2) Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh; NC; 27695-7625, United States
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 232-241
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the rapid development of livestock and poultry in recent decades, emissions of particulate matter (PM) from animal production facilities have became increasing concern due to its adverse effect on the health and welfare of humans and animals, as well as the environment. The state-of-the-art-of the source, characteristics, harm, the related standards and control technologies of PM in livestock farms were reviewed. Knowledge on the sources, the physicochemical and biological characteristics, diffusion models and reduction techniques of PM from livestock and poultry farms can be used to identify and quantify sources of PM, evaluate effects of PM and develop adequate abatement strategies of PM in animal farms. The monitoring technology of PM based on its complicated characteristics was stated. Mass concentration and PSD of PM could be measured by weighing, optical, aerodynamic and electronic methods. Three techniques of monitoring components of PM from animal farms currently were introduced in detail, including ion chromatography, X-ray spectrometry and thermal optical analysis. Identification techniques of microorganism in PM were mentioned briefly, including gram method staining, metabolic analysis and ribosome profiling. The source control technology, process control technology and end control technology of PM from livestock and poultry farms were briefed, cost effective adequate reduction technologies and strategies of PM in Chinese animal farms needed to be developed. Further research to characterize, assess health risk on animals and humans, and control PM in animal farms was discussed.
Number of references: 79
Main heading: Agriculture
Controlled terms: Air pollution - Air quality - Animals - Cost effectiveness - Health risks - Ion chromatography - Pollution - Pollution detection - Risk assessment
Uncontrolled terms: Biological characteristic - Complicated characteristics - Identification techniques - Monitoring technologies - Particulate Matter - Poultry farms - Reduction technologies - Thermal-optical analysis
Classification code: 451 Air Pollution
Air Pollution
- 451.2 Air Pollution Control
Air Pollution Control
- 461.7 Health Care
Health Care
- 801 Chemistry
Chemistry
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 911.2 Industrial Economics
Industrial Economics
- 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.030
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
32. Theoretical Analysis and Experiment on Flow Allocation Characteristics of Dual Discharging Axial Piston Pump
Accession number: 20174104253172
Authors: Zhang, Xiaogang (1); Yan, Zheng (1); Quan, Long (1); Liu, Yongchen (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Advance Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan; 030024, China; (2) College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen; 361005, China
Corresponding author: Quan, Long(quanlong@tyut.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 373-380 and 412
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: When providing two-way independent high-pressure high-flow oil sources, hydraulic system generally adopts two separate piston pumps or coaxial ones in series, causing complex structure and high cost. Therefore, single piston pump was proposed to achieve two-way high-pressure oil supply. Axial piston pump was designed with dual discharging inter-outer ring parallel allocation structure by changing cylinder structure, piston number, cap circuit and valve plate shape. Flow allocation structure was redesigned due to decreased single ring piston number, increased pressure shock and fluctuation in the chamber. Relief notch was cancelled in transition region from oil-discharging to oil-absorbing waist slots. After that, mismatch angle was increased to enlarge closed volume in chamber and reduce the pressure of unexhausted high-pressure oil in the interval between oil extraction and absorption. In transition region from oil-absorbing to oil-discharging waist slots, stepped flow area was used to replace original continuous flow area to weaken geometry requirements of relief notch. The optimized dual discharging flow allocation structure was conducted with theoretical analysis to establish dual discharging axial piston pump simulation model based on 45 mL axial piston pump structure. There was small pressure shock in outer race by analyzing pressure shock and output flow in single piston chamber. Compared with traditional flow allocation structure, dual discharging oil output had smaller pressure fluctuation rate. Based on this, the designed dual discharging axial piston pump was piloted. The pilot dual discharging oil pump was compared with the original 45 mL pump through pressure fluctuation, volumetric efficiency and noise tests. Result showed that the former had lower pressure fluctuation (decreased by 30%) and noise level, while its volumetric efficiency was not smaller than 92%. In general, the dual discharging axial piston pump can replace duplex pump to simplify system structure and reduce energy consumption. This new pump can also be used in closed circuit and differential cylinder hydraulic systems to make the system simpler and cost-effective.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Pistons
Controlled terms: Absorption - Cost effectiveness - Cylinders (shapes) - Energy utilization - Hydraulic equipment - Polypropylenes - Reciprocating pumps
Uncontrolled terms: Axial piston pump - Differential cylinder - Dual discharging - Flow distribution - Pressure fluctuation - Pressure pulsation - Reduce energy consumption - Volumetric efficiency
Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization
Energy Utilization
- 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components
Internal Combustion Engine Components
- 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
- 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery
Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery
- 802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
- 815.1.1 Organic Polymers
Organic Polymers
- 911.2 Industrial Economics
Industrial Economics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 9.20e+01%, Volume 4.50e-05m3
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.049
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
33. Effect of Tyre Induced Soil Compaction on Soil Properties and Crop Root Growth under No-tillage System
Accession number: 20174104253145
Authors: Wang, Xianliang (1); Wang, Qingjie (1); Li, Hongwen (1); Li, Wenying (1); Niu, Qi (1); Chen, Wanzhi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Li, Hongwen(lhwen@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 168-175
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of tyre-induced soil compaction on soil properties and crop root system under no-tillage condition in North China, a three-year (2013-2016) field experiment was carried out in Hebei Province. Four treatments, including no-tillage (NT), compaction lane under no-tillage (CNT), subsoiling tillage under no-tillage (STNT) and subsoiling tillage in compaction lane under no tillage (CSNT), were performed with randomized complete block design, with three replications for each treatment. The effects of different treatment on soil aggregation, soil bulk density, soil penetration resistance, maize root dry weight and roots distribution were evaluated. According to the result, there was a cumulative effect on macroaggregates content over time in CNT treatment, the value of this indicator was gradually decreased from 2014 to 2016; in the meantime, it was increased with the increase of soil depth. It was also indicated that soil mean weight diameter (MWD) was significantly reduced under CNT treatment. The soil bulk density for all the four treatments was increased with soil depth from 2014 to 2016, and the soil bulk density throughout the 0~40 cm soil profile presented a descending order of CNT, NT, CSNT and STNT. The soil bulk density under CNT treatment at 10~40 cm depth was significantly increased by 14.2%(P3, 0.83 cm/cm3, 0.84 cm/cm3and 0.83 cm/cm3, respectively. Finally, it was concluded that the soil under no-tillage was less compacted in spite of the compaction from nature sedimentation and seeding, but the tire-induced compaction had a significant effect on soil properties and crop root growth under no-tillage, the subsoiling tillage could significantly decrease soil compaction. Although the no-tillage area can increase the soil bulk density and soil penetration resistance, the effect was negligible, and there was no need for loosening measures.
Number of references: 34
Main heading: Soils
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Compaction - Crops - Plants (botany) - Soil mechanics - Soil testing - Tires
Uncontrolled terms: Crop roots - No tillage - Soil compaction - Soil property - Subsoiling tillage
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 818.5 Rubber Products
Rubber Products
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.16e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 2.49e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 4.00e-01m, Size 1.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.022
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
34. Visualization for Representation of Red Wine Color Based on CIELAB Color Space
Accession number: 20174104253162
Authors: Li, Yunkui (1); Han, Fuliang (1); Zhang, Yulin (1); Wang, Hua (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Heyang Vitis-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Heyang; 715301, China
Corresponding author: Han, Fuliang(hanfl@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 296-301
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The existing methods of color representation are seldom reported to vividly describe and transmit wine color information. A new method was proposed to visually represent red wine color employing charts of colorfulness distribution, lightness distribution and feature color, as well as the visible absorption spectrum of a wine. A high-definition color plane determined by a*and b*axes when L*=60 was rendered in the CIELAB color space. The colorfulness distribution chart, carrying information of a*, b*, chroma and hue, was yielded when a*and b*color parameters of a wine were projected on this plane. The lightness distribution chart, indicating the light and shade degree of a wine, was rendered according to the L*value. The feature color chart, illustrating the true color of a wine under the condition of natural observation, made a comprehensive consideration of the effects of L*, a*and b*parameters. A comparative trial of the new visualized method and a traditional analysis of the CIELAB parameters was carried out to describe the color of 10 Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon wines from representative regions of China. The results showed that the new method presented the CIELAB parameters information completely and visually, and it also exhibited a specific feature color for each red wine impressively. There were significant differences of the charts of colorfulness distribution, lightness distribution, feature color and the visible absorption spectra between the wine samples. Besides, all wine samples encountered a problem that the color aged faster than expected.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Wine
Controlled terms: Absorption spectra - Absorption spectroscopy - Color - Electromagnetic wave absorption - Rendering (computer graphics)
Uncontrolled terms: Cabernet-Sauvignon - CIELab - Color features - Color parameter - Color representation - Color space - Red wine - Visible absorption spectra
Classification code: 711 Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic Waves
- 711.2 Electromagnetic Waves in Relation to Various Structures
Electromagnetic Waves in Relation to Various Structures
- 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 822.3 Food Products
Food Products
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.039
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
35. Evaluation and Calibration of Blaney-Criddle Method for Estimating Potential Evapotranspiration
Accession number: 20174104253144
Authors: Feng, Hao (1, 2); Liu, Xia (1, 3); Chu, Xiaosheng (1, 3); Ding, Dianyuan (4); Yu, Kun (1, 3); Li, Yi (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) Chinese National Academy of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Region, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) School of Hydraulic Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225009, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 159-167
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The objective was to improve the estimation accuracy of the Blaney-Criddle (BC) method to estimate potential evapotranspiration (ETp) in Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province, and search for some theoretical basis for the choice of formulas. The Penman (PE) method is widely used all over the world to estimate ETpsince it can provide the satisfactory estimations, but it also requires a lot of climatic variables and complicated nonlinear processes in computing ETp. Developing a simple and appropriate method with limited data is urgent. Accordingly, the Blaney-Criddle method was modified. The calibration process used the daily climatic data from 1960 to 1999 and the verification process used the daily climatic data from 2000 to 2015. The results showed that the BC method underestimated the values of monthly ETpwhen the temperature was low and the BC method overestimated the values of monthly ETpwhen the temperature was high. By modifying the original BC method, the slope of regression curve of ETpvalues between the PE method and modified BC method became 0.999 7 from 0.685. Moreover, the trend of ETpestimated by the modified BC method was more similar to that estimated by PE method. Compared with the PE method estimation results, the relative error of the ETpvalues estimated by modified BC method became 1.290%~3.630% from -18.022%~16.269%; the root mean square error of the ETpvalues decreased from 0.529~0.921 mm/d to 0.214~0.283 mm/d; the average deviation value became -0.001 121~0.000 737 mm/d from -0.063~0.601 mm/d; and the fitting decision coefficient increased from 0.942 to 0.966. It was found that the values of ETpestimated by the modified BC method agreed better with that estimated by the PE method by comparing the year and monthly ETpvalues. Therefore, the modified BC method can significantly improve the estimation accuracy of the ETpvalues and it is applicable in Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province in China.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Mean square error
Controlled terms: Calibration - Estimation - Evapotranspiration
Uncontrolled terms: Applicability - Blaney-Criddle method - Guanzhong region - Penman method - Potential evapotranspiration
Classification code: 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.021
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
36. Well-facilitied Capital Farmland Assignment Based on Land Quality Evaluation and LISA
Accession number: 20174104253137
Authors: Yang, Jianyu (1, 2); Du, Zhenrong (1, 2); Du, Zhenbo (1); Huang, Jingyao (1); Zhao, Long (1); Zhu, Dehai (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Agricultural Land Quality, Monitoring and Control, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing; 100035, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 109-115
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Well-facilitied capital farmland construction is an important measure to optimize the farmland spatial layout and improve the farmland infrastructure, and it also plays an important role in guaranteeing national food safety and modern agriculture development. Moreover, it could help to increase the cultivated land quality and productive capacity. Scientific and reasonable zoning of the construction area is an essential step of the construction itself. Therefore, taking Jiaozuo City, Henan Province as an example, the comprehensive quality evaluation system of cultivated land was built, and then the weight of each evaluation index was calculated by means of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then through coupling with technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) and local indicators of spatial association (LISA), some suggestions for construction of well-facilitied capital farmland zoning and timing sequence were put forward. The result showed that the overall quality of cultivated land in Jiaozuo City was good and it showed a strong positive correlation in spatial distribution. The area of cultivated land belonging to positive correlation reached 61.665% of the total cultivated land area. Besides, cultivated land quality attributes and spatial attributes were uniform. Using local indicators of spatial association, cultivated land can be divided into four well-facilitied capital farmland construction areas. According to the characteristics of different spatial autocorrelation types, the corresponding remedial measures and construction timing were put forward. With comprehensive consideration of the cultivated land in all kinds of properties, the research can provide basis for construction of well-facilitied capital farmland planning.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Farms
Controlled terms: Analytic hierarchy process - Land use - Quality control - Spatial variables measurement - Zoning
Uncontrolled terms: Analytic hierarchy process (ahp) - Comprehensive qualities - Cultivated land qualities - Farmland qualities - LISA - Positive correlations - Spatial autocorrelations - TOPSIS
Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
Urban and Regional Planning and Development
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
Quality Assurance and Control
- 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
Mechanical Variables Measurements
- 961 Systems Science
Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.17e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.014
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
37. Prediction Methods and Characteristics of Flow for Moistube
Accession number: 20174104253151
Authors: Niu, Wenquan (1, 2); Zhang, Mingzhi (3); Xu, Jian (2); Zou, Xiaoyang (4); Zhang, Ruochan (1); Li, Yuan (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resource and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) Henan Provincial Water Conservancy Research Institute, Zhengzhou; 450000, China; (4) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 217-224 and 241
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to understand the main factors influencing the flow of moistube and determine the relationship between flow and pressure, in the case of different soil initial mass moisture contents(13.83%, 15.49%, 16.27% and 17.72%)and soil bulk densities(1.18 g/cm3, 1.21 g/cm3, 1.24 g/cm3and 1.26 g/cm3), the completely random experiment design in field of arable land was used to test the influence of different pressures (0 m, 0.1 m, 0.3 m, 0.7 m, 1.1 m and 2.1 m) on moistube flow. The results showed that the moistube had a weak and short duration of self-regulation function of flow with the change of soil moisture content, which was about 44 h. The moistube flow was increased quickly and then decreased to steady state, the soil moisture content was increased and then tended to stable state at the beginning of irrigation, it would be in steady state when after 48 h of irrigation. Moistube flow was significantly influenced by pressure, soil bulk density and soil initial mass moisture content. Moistube flow was mainly controlled by pressure, there was a significantly liner relationship between pressure and flow within a certain range (the water head was varied from 0 m to 2.1 m), the determination coefficient R2>0.85, when soil initial mass moisture content and bulk density was increased, moistube flow kept a downtrend, meanwhile the moistube flow change on the sensitivity of the working pressure was gradually decreased. Moistube flow coefficient k and flow b with zero pressure were not simply determined by the moistube’s characteristics in the model of liner relationship between pressure and flow. The soil initial mass moisture content and bulk density with moistube flow coefficient k showed a significant negative correlation respectively (P<0.05), bulk density with flow b with zero pressure had a significant negative correlation (P<0.05), Moistube flow coefficient k and flow b with zero pressure can be determined by soil initial mass moisture content and bulk density, thus the moistube flow can be predicted. According to correlation analysis and variance analysis, pressure was the most important factor affecting the moistube flow, then the soil bulk density and soil initial mass moisture content was the least.
Number of references: 38
Main heading: Moisture determination
Controlled terms: Irrigation - Moisture - Pressure - Soil moisture - Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Bulk density - Correlation analysis - Determination coefficients - Different pressures - Flow - Initial mass - Moistube - Negative correlation
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
- 931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
- 944.2 Moisture Measurements
Moisture Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.18e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.21e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.24e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.26e+03kg/m3, Percentage 1.38e+01%, Percentage 1.55e+01%, Percentage 1.63e+01%, Percentage 1.77e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.10e+00m, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.10e+00m, Size 2.10e+00m, Size 3.00e-01m, Size 7.00e-01m, Time 1.58e+05s, Time 1.73e+05s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.028
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
38. Design and Experiment on Gear Multi-pump and Multi-motor Driving System
Accession number: 20174104252738
Authors: Wen, Desheng (1); Shang, Xudong (1); Pan, Weiyuan (1); Ma, Guanglei (1); Gu, Pan (1); Shi, Zizhou (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 399-406
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to make constant displacement pump output of multi flows, and make constant displacement motor output of multi speeds and multi torques, the proportional type and parallel type of gear multi-pump (multi-motor) consisted of several single pumps and motors were designed, a theory of gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving system was presented based on the proportional type and parallel type of gear multi-pump (multi-motor). The principle of two multi-pump (multi-motor) was introduced, two gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving systems were designed based on 1-1 proportional type and 3 parallel type gear multi-pump (multi-motor), and the principle and characteristics of them were introduced, the output characteristics of the two gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving systems in different working ways were analyzed, and the output characteristics of two gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving systems consisted of X-Y proportional and Z parallel gear multi-pump (multi-motor) were expanded, the experimental platform of gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving system was built. The result showed that the driving system can output multi speeds and multi torques, and there was a certain ratio between the speed and torque levels. The experimental result was consistent with the theoretical analysis, which showed the correctness of theoretical analysis. The research provided a basis for design and research on multi-pump and multi-motor driving system.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Pumps
Controlled terms: Gears
Uncontrolled terms: Driving systems - Multi motors - Output characteristics - Parallel type - Proportional type
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.053
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
39. Effect of Synchronously Burying and Returning Straw and Biogas Slurry to Soil on Straw Decomposition
Accession number: 20174104253158
Authors: Wang, Zhongjiang (1, 2); Wang, Zeyu (1); Si, Ailong (1); Zhang, Zheng (1); Wu, Jing (1); Wang, Lili (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Pig-breeding Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China; (3) Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Technology and Equipment for the Utilization of Agricultural Renewable Resources, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 271-277
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to make an investigation on the effect of synchronously burying and returning straw and biogas slurry to the soil on straw decomposition, the research was conducted under normal condition at 20 by simulating burying and returning to soil by net bag method. In the 105 d experimental period, effects of biogas slurry produced by anaerobic fermentation of cattle manure or tape water on straw decomposition were systematically studied; influences of different soil types and different straw lengths on the decomposition rate of straw, the contents of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin in straw decomposition after adding biogas slurry were also explored. The experimental results showed that biogas slurry could greatly accelerate straw decomposition. The straw decomposition rate in groups of tape water added was 33.61%, while that in groups of biogas slurry added was 42.37%. The straw decomposition mainly occurred in the first 70 d after adding biogas slurry. When the experiment was over, the straw decomposition rate of each experimental group was higher than 42%. The straw decomposition rate in the experimental groups of straw length being 20 mm was higher than that of being 10 mm. When the experiment was over, the straw decomposition rate in the experimental groups of straw length being 20 mm could reach 52%. Hemicelluloses decomposition could apparently be affected by straw lengths, and the shorter the straw length was, the quicker hemicelluloses decomposition was. However, cellulose and lignin decomposition could obviously be influenced by soil types. Compared with black loam soil, sandy loam soil was more active for the decomposition of cellulose and lignin in straw after its returning to soil. This research may lay a theoretical foundation for quick decomposition of straw in its returning to soil, as well as promote the widespread application of technique in straw returning to soil.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: Soils
Controlled terms: Biogas - Cellulose - Fertilizers - Human computer interaction - Lignin - Manures - Produced Water
Uncontrolled terms: Anaerobic fermentation - Biogas slurry - Decomposition rate - Experimental groups - Normal condition - Sandy loam soils - Soil types - Theoretical foundations
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
- 821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.36e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01%, Percentage 4.24e+01%, Percentage 5.20e+01%, Size 1.00e-02m, Size 2.00e-02m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.035
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
40. Grading of Chicken Carcass Weight Based on Machine Vision
Accession number: 20174104253161
Authors: Chen, Kunjie (1); Li, Hang (1); Yu, Zhenwei (1); Bai, Longfei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 290-295 and 372
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: An automated grading method of chicken weight using image processing was proposed. Ninety-five images of chicken were acquired randomly in a poultry slaughtering plant by using a digital camera. After these images were preprocessed, six parameters such as projection area (Sp), contour length (Cp), length (Hp), breast width (Ap), breast length (Bp) and fitting ellipse (Ep) of chicken carcass were extracted from the processed images. Then taking the six parameters as the inputs and ninety-five samples as the training set, the simple linear regression model and multiple linear regression model were established for predicting of chicken weight, respectively. Furthermore, the optimal model was found out among these developed ones according to regression correlation coefficient. Finally, the independent validation set was formed by using 100 samples divided into five groups and employed to validate the optimal model. Results showed that the simple linear model based on the projection area (Sp) of the chicken carcass had the largest R2of 0.827 in the six simple linear models developed. The multiple linear regression model developed based on the indicators of Sp, Cp, Apand Bphad the largest R2of 0.880 in all multiple linear models developed. The adjusted multiple linear regression model had a adjusted R2of 0.933 after eliminating eight outliers detected by students residuals. When the validation set samples were used to validate the optimal multiple linear model, the average correct rate for weight grading of chicken carcass was 89%, indicating that the proposed method based on image processing was feasible for automatic weight grading of chicken carcasses.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Linear regression
Controlled terms: Animals - Computer vision - Feature extraction - Grading - Image processing - Medical imaging - Regression analysis
Uncontrolled terms: Automated grading - Chicken carcass - Correlation coefficient - Linear modeling - Multiple linear models - Multiple linear regression models - Processed images - Simple linear regression
Classification code: 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 746 Imaging Techniques
Imaging Techniques
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.90e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.038
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
41. Control Strategy of Variable Nozzle Turbocharging System for Diesel Engine at Different Altitudes
Accession number: 20174104253170
Authors: Zhang, Huiyan (1); Li, Hualei (2); Liu, Sheng (3); Shi, Lei (1); Deng, Kangyao (1); Yang, Zhenhuan (3)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China; (2) AVIC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., Shanghai; 200241, China; (3) China North Engine Research Institute, Tianjin; 300400, China
Corresponding author: Deng, Kangyao(kydeng@sjtu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 356-364
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to achieve the goal of performance recovery of diesel engine at high altitude, a V-type six-cylinder diesel engine was determined via the parameter estimation and thermodynamics analysis for turbocharging scheme. The original matching scheme was not suitable for altitude varying in large range operation condition. A variable nozzle turbocharging system was matched for diesel engine and it showed that no fallacies existed from the operation lines. A simulation model was established with GT-Power software and verified by test data. The simulation model was applied to performance prediction under different working conditions. Then the operating performance of engine at different altitudes was calculated, including the external characteristics and part load characteristics. The control strategy of variable nozzle turbocharging system for full operation conditions can be obtained in the end. It showed that the air demand of diesel engine can be satisfied with small opening of nozzle ring at high altitude and full load condition, and the goal of power restoring would be achieved. The charging system needed to increase the opening of nozzle ring to improve engine performance with the drop of altitude. The opening of nozzle ring should be deduced generally as the altitude increased in the whole operation area, moreover, it needed to adopt the minimum nozzle ring opening if the altitude was above 3 000 m except under some low load conditions. The operating point of the lowest fuel consumption would transfer from low-speed and low-altitude area into low-speed and high-altitude area with the fall of engine load.
Number of references: 16
Main heading: Altitude control
Controlled terms: Compressors - Computer software - Diesel engines - Engine cylinders - Engines - Nozzles - Software testing - Thermodynamics
Uncontrolled terms: Boost system - Control strategies - Flow coefficients - Variable altitudes - Variable nozzle turbocharger
Classification code: 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components
Internal Combustion Engine Components
- 612.2 Diesel Engines
Diesel Engines
- 618.1 Compressors
Compressors
- 641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 731.3 Specific Variables Control
Specific Variables Control
Numerical data indexing: Size 3.00e+03m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.047
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
42. Device Design and Numerical Simulation of Agricultural Wastewater Layered Utilization
Accession number: 20174104253149
Authors: Sun, Zhilin (1); Li, Zhongche (1); Fang, Shibiao (1); Xu, Dan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Port, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 203-209
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The rainfall in the south region of Xinjiang is rare which caused severe problems of soil salinization. The salt leaching of farmland and wastewater draining from irrigating farmland are rich in sodium which indirectly leads to the ecological pollution. To effectively deal with the excessive salinity of agricultural wastewater from alkali draining ditches, a shunting device was invented. Firstly, the feasibility of the theory to design the preliminary device was introduced. Secondly, improvement of the device in its functionality and efficiency was given. Finally, numerical simulation of the streaming process of agricultural wastewater based on the computational fluid dynamics utilizing the software fluent was obtained. The derived results were used for the ultimate design of the shunting device. The test conditions were categorized into three groups. The inlet flow rate was set as the only variable, and the spatial distribution of inlet salinity among three groups was assumed to be identical. Two Y-axis sectional velocity field cloud diagrams and four X-axis sectional salinity field cloud diagrams were selected for detailed comparison. It showed that the shunting device can separate water based on salinity distribution, and agricultural wastewater with low salinity was obtained from the lower diversion trench, vice versa. The efficiency of the shunting device depended on its size, stratification flow velocity and salinity distribution. Adjustment and optimization should be subjected to the actual situation.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Agriculture
Controlled terms: Computation theory - Computational fluid dynamics - Computer simulation - Computer software - Efficiency - Farms - Flow velocity - Numerical models - Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural wastewater - Alkali draining ditches - Ecological pollutions - Salinity distributions - Shunting device - Software FLUENT - Soil salinization - Ultimate design
Classification code: 631 Fluid Flow
Fluid Flow
- 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory
Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.026
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
43. Experiment and Optimization of Working Parameters for Pricking Hole Mechanism of Oblique Type Non-circular Gears Planetary System
Accession number: 20174104253131
Authors: Wang, Jinwu (1); Zhou, Wenqi (1); Wang, Jinfeng (1); Zhang, Chunfeng (2); Jiang, Dongxuan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Beijing Research Center for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Beijing; 100097, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Jinfeng(jinfeng_w@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 66-70
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Deep-fertilization liquid fertilizer applicator with high efficiency, low price, easy operation and environment protection attracts more and more concerns, which can decrease fertilizer volatilization and increase crop yield and quality. Aiming to explore the influence mechanism that working parameters of pricking hole mechanism with crop damage rate, hole size and hole distance, a new type of non-circular gears planetary system of pricking hole mechanism for oblique type of liquid fertilizer applicator for deep-into type was designed. Through coupling part let pricking hole mechanism meet prick hole condition for oblique type, to make the trajectory of pricking hole mechanism side and ridge side reach the changes of different angles, it was achieved to prick hole for oblique type based on the above conditions. Kinematics model was set up, the influence relationship was obtained between the goals and working parameters. Test-bed experiment of working parameters was carried out. The design of quadratic regression rotational quadratic orthogonal experiment was used, with the speed of planet frame, the forward speed and oblique angle as the test factors, the hole mouth width, the hole distance and the rate of crop damage as the test optimization index. The optimization of response surface method was used. Experimental data was analyzed by Design-Expert software so as to establish the regression equation and obtain the diagram of response surface. Test results showed that when the speed of planet frame was 75.0 r/min, the forward speed was 0.48 m/s and the oblique angle was 23.3°, the hole mouth width was 40.2 mm, hole distance was 220 mm and rate of crop damage was 0.33%, the performance of mechanism was optimal under above conditions. The test was verified by applying these parameters to validate its rationality.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Fertilizers
Controlled terms: Applicators - Crops - Gears - Liquids - Optimization - Surface properties - Testing
Uncontrolled terms: Environment protection - Influence relationships - Liquid fertilizer applicators - Non-circular gears - Orthogonal experiment - Pricking hole for oblique type - Quadratic regression - Response surface method
Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design
Mechanical Design
- 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.30e-01%, Rotational_Speed 7.50e+01RPM, Size 2.20e-01m, Size 4.02e-02m, Velocity 4.80e-01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.008
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
44. Positioning Method of Rice Seedlings Based on Edge Fitting in Separated Region of Stem Base
Accession number: 20174104253126
Authors: Jiang, Yu (1, 2); Cui, Hongwei (1); Ou, Yinggang (1); Ma, Xu (1, 3); Qi, Long (1, 3); Zheng, Wenhan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Modern Educational Technology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (3) Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha; 410128, China
Corresponding author: Ou, Yinggang(ouying@scau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 23-31 and 49
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Positioning of rice seedlings is an important step of mechanical intra-row weeding. Aiming to minimize the positioning errors based on canopy of rice, a system that could capture RGB images of rice stem base on the side view was built to position the rice seedlings according to edge fitting in separated region of the stem base. Firstly, relevant factors, including the morphology of rice seedlings, the installation parameters of camera on the side-view and affecting image quality were analyzed, and a method of grabbing image under shading conditions was proposed, contributing to a system with shading device. The original RGB images were distinguished from soil by analyzing the excessive green (2G-R-B) rice seedlings index images. The Otsu algorithm method was employed to transform a gray image to a binary image, and then the binary images were smoothed by morphological operation to remove noise for subsequent analysis. After that the edges of stem base were extracted by the Canny operator, and the fitting region of edges was set up. A method was presented in fitting region based on edge fitting in non-separated region of the stem base. However, the results showed that this positioning method was not accurate because of effect of unsmooth and unilateral sloping edges of stem base. Therefore, the fitting region was separated into three subintervals where the edges of stem base were fitted by the Hough transform. The center of rice seedlings was gained by the center coordinates of the mid-line fitted by the mean of midpoint coordinates of fitting edges. The positioning experiments of rice seedlings in terms of stem base and the canopy were carried out respectively. The results of positioning based on stem base showed that the positioning errors were less than 7.0 mm, and the positioning errors were 6.9 mm, 5.9 mm and 6.3 mm under the condition of including water and 6.8 mm, 5.8 mm and 6.5 mm under the anhydrous condition on the 10th, 15th and 20th day after transplanting, respectively. The results of positioning based on canopy showed that the positioning errors were above 8.0 mm, and the positioning errors were 8.2 mm, 11.3 mm and 15.4 mm under the condition of including water and 9.0 mm, 10.7 mm and 16.1 mm under the anhydrous condition on the 10th, 15th and 20th day after transplanting, respectively. The results suggested that the innovative positioning method that based on edge fitting in separated region of the stem base of rice seedlings met the technical requirement of mechanical weeding in terms of high precision and long applicable period.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Binary images
Controlled terms: Bins - Errors - Hough transforms - Image analysis - Mathematical morphology - Separation
Uncontrolled terms: Intra-row weeding - Mechanical weeding - Positioning - Rice seedlings - Stem base
Classification code: 694.4 Storage
Storage
- 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
- 802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
- 921.3 Mathematical Transformations
Mathematical Transformations
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.07e-02m, Size 1.13e-02m, Size 1.54e-02m, Size 1.61e-02m, Size 5.80e-03m, Size 5.90e-03m, Size 6.30e-03m, Size 6.50e-03m, Size 6.80e-03m, Size 6.90e-03m, Size 7.00e-03m, Size 8.00e-03m, Size 8.20e-03m, Size 9.00e-03m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.003
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
45. Building Interpretation Model of Hollow Village High Resolution Images Based on Bag-of-words
Accession number: 20174104253140
Authors: Li, Zheng (1); Li, Hechao (2); Wu, Xi (2); Li, Yongshu (1); Xie, Jiali (1); Lu, Heng (3, 4)
Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu; 611756, China; (2) Center of Land Acquisition and Consolidation in Sichuan Province, Chengdu; 610041, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (4) College of Hydraulic and Hydroelectric Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 132-137
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the rapid development of remote sensing technology, remote sensing image resolution has been greatly improved and the ground targets can be obtained from high resolution remote sensing image. But the traditional visual interpretation has low work efficiency and needs for professional knowledge. Thus using high resolution remote sensing image to construct automatic interpreting model is the key to quickly and efficiently obtain the building of hollow village. Meanwhile, it is important for the hollow village renovation and research. Based on this, a novel automatic building interpretation model of hollow village high resolution images based on bag-of-words (BoW) was proposed. Firstly, several existing feature extraction methods were compared, and then based on the BoW and support vector machines (SVM) the automatic interpretation model for the building was constructed. In order to verify the validity of this method, the high resolution remote sensing image of typical hollow village was selected to construct the building sample library. Finally, the model for building interpretation was experimentally studied based on the sample library. The results showed that the classification accuracy (ACC) of this method can reach 0.86. Therefore, the proposed method can be used for the building automatic interpretation, and it had high practical value to hollow village research and renovation.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Remote sensing
Controlled terms: Buildings - Image enhancement - Image resolution - Information retrieval - Learning systems - Rural areas - Support vector machines
Uncontrolled terms: Bag-of-words models - Classification accuracy - Feature extraction methods - High resolution image - High resolution remote sensing images - Hollow village - Professional knowledge - Remote sensing technology
Classification code: 402 Buildings and Towers
Buildings and Towers
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 903.3 Information Retrieval and Use
Information Retrieval and Use
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.017
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
46. Optimal Design and Experiment of Farmland Carbon Dioxide Concentration Gradient In-situ Synchronous Measuring System
Accession number: 20174104253141
Authors: Li, Yang (1, 2); Chen, Baolin (1); Zhao, Xinxue (1, 2); Zhang, Haishu (1); Wang, Kan (1); Yuan, Jin (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China
Corresponding author: Yuan, Jin(jyuan@sdau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 138-144
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to measure the distribution of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration gradient in farmland accurately, and reduce the interference error caused by manual measurement, a CO2concentration gradient in-situ synchronous measurement system was designed, which was equipped in farmland to measure CO2concentration gradient automatically, and the measurement data could be sent to the host computer server via GPRS wireless transmission technology. The system was composed of a mechanical collection module and an electrical control module. The mechanical acquisition module was responsible for the gas collection, and the system control module was used to realize the automatic measurement of CO2concentration. The overall structure of the measurement system and the design of each module were introduced, and the pumping process of carbon dioxide measurement was simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The relationships between the distance of the measurement pipeline and the pumping speed, as well as the diameter of the pipeline were analyzed to optimize the system design. The indoor system calibration and outdoor field measurement of carbon dioxide concentration were implemented. The experimental results showed that the system could measure the concentration gradient of farmland carbon dioxide, and the measurement error was not more than 4.17%. The system could realize the automatic acquisition of cropland information, which had important significance to the carbon sequestration information calculation.
Number of references: 15
Main heading: Carbon dioxide
Controlled terms: Computational fluid dynamics - Farms - Pipelines
Uncontrolled terms: Automatic measurements - Carbon dioxide concentrations - Carbon dioxide measurements - Concentration gradients - Farmland - Synchronous measurements - System control modules - Wireless transmissions
Classification code: 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
- 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.17e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.018
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
47. Dynamics of Stability of Soil Crust under Natural Rainfall Event
Accession number: 20174104253152
Authors: Hu, Bo (1); Wang, Yujie (1, 2); Wang, Bin (1, 2); Wang, Yunqi (1, 2); Liu, Chunxia (1); Wang, Chenfeng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Yujie(wyujie@bjfu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 225-231
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Soil aggregate stability is a key parameter influencing soil fertility, environmental problems, and soil sensitivity to erosion. It is well established that aggregate stability changes over time. However, there is a lack of information considering the dynamics of aggregate at a short-term step in the field. In addition, aggregate stability is usually determined by using soil samples collected from the plough layer, while soil erosion occurs in the surface soil. The difference between the soil crust and plough layer is usually ignored. The objectives were to investigate the variations in aggregate stability under rainfall event, identify the factors controlling these variations of stability, and compare the difference of aggregate stability between soil crust and subsurface soil. A field experiment was conducted on a cropland with typical yellow soil in Three Gorges Reservoir area. Sampling was performed after rainfall events. Aggregate stability was measured for both crust soil and subsurface soil by the Le Bissonnais (LB) method. Rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, air temperature, soil temperature and soil water content at the time of sampling were measured as potential explanatory factors. The results showed that aggregate stability varied significantly (P<0.05) under rainfall event for both the soil crust and subsurface soil. During the experiment, the mean weight diameter (MWD) obtained under fast wetting, slow wetting, and pre-wetting shaking treatments was varied between 0.73 mm and 2.13 mm, 1.70 mm and 2.90 mm, and 2.27 mm and 3.16 mm, respectively, for the soil crust. While MWD of subsurface soil was varied between 0.70 mm and 1.27 mm, 1.69 mm and 2.83 mm, and 2.53 mm and 2.95 mm, respectively. Great differences between the aggregate stability of soil crust and subsurface soil were found. And the aggregate stability of soil crust was significantly higher than that of surface soil. For the soil crust, accumulative rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, air temperature, soil temperature and soil water content at the time of sampling greatly controlled the variations of aggregate stability in fast wetting and slow wetting treatments. The large differences in aggregate stability between soil crust and the plough layer implied large differences in soil erodibility. And the soil erodibility was varied greatly in the field over several rainfall events.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Soil surveys
Controlled terms: Aggregates - Agricultural machinery - Atmospheric temperature - Dynamics - Erosion - Rain - Reservoirs (water) - Soil moisture - Soils - Stability - Temperature - Well drilling - Wetting
Uncontrolled terms: Aggregate stability - Environmental problems - Influencing factors - Mean weight diameter - Rainfall intensity - Soil aggregate stability - Soil crusts - Three gorges reservoir area
Classification code: 406 Highway Engineering
Highway Engineering
- 441.2 Reservoirs
Reservoirs
- 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
Atmospheric Properties
- 443.3 Precipitation
Precipitation
- 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
- 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.69e-03m, Size 1.70e-03m, Size 2.27e-03m, Size 2.53e-03m, Size 2.83e-03m, Size 2.90e-03m, Size 2.95e-03m, Size 3.16e-03m, Size 7.00e-04m to 1.27e-03m, Size 7.30e-04m to 2.13e-03m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.029
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
48. Design and Experiment on Air Blowing Header of Plot Combine Harvester for Grain
Accession number: 20174104253133
Authors: Li, Yinian (1); Yi, Yingwu (1); Du, Shiwei (1); Ding, Qishuo (1); Ding, Weimin (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 79-87
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to solve some matters on residual seeds on header and clean the header during harvesting grain seed on the plot by using combine harvester of grain, an air blowing header, by that front airflow bent wheat and then cutter knife cut the wheat stalk, was designed. A blowing cereal model with uniform air flow velocity was established according to mechanics principle. The calculated air flow velocity of branch pipe outlet was more than 47.35 m/s under condition of the cut wheat smoothly entering into the harvester header without dropping. According to the theory of static regain design method of multiple-branch duct system, these calculated main structure parameters of airflow pipe which generated uniform air flow in each branch pipe were taper of air flow main pipe of 114.29 and interval distance of air flow branch pipe of 100 mm. Three key parameters, including vertical and horizontal distances between cutting knife and air flow branch pipe outlet, the angle between air flow branch pipe and level, that affected header residual amount and total loss rate, were regarded as experimental factors for conducting single factor and multi-factors orthogonal experiments. The single factor experiments showed that the total loss rate of header with firstly increase and then decrease was made by the vertical and horizontal distances between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe within a scope of 15~27 cm. The residues on the header were little affected by horizontal distance between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe causes. But there was larger effect on the residues on the header for the vertical distance between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe. The higher the vertical distance was, the more residues were, and even wheat ear was left. The residual and total loss rate of header slowly decreased in 0°~10°, but rapidly increased in 10°~20°, which was made by the angle between air flow branch pipe and level. The orthogonal experiments demonstrated that the effect of the angle between air flow branch pipe and level on total loss rate of header and residual amount was the greatest. The vertical distance between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe was 21 cm, horizontal distance between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe was 21 cm, and the angle between air flow branch pipe and level of 10° was the optimal orthogonal experiments combination. The total loss rate was 0.88% and the header residue was 1.21 g under the optimal orthogonal experiments combination. The developed air blowing header with small header residual amount and low total loss rate achieved the technical requirements of the plot harvesting wheat seed.
Number of references: 10
Main heading: Air
Controlled terms: Design - Experiments - Flow velocity - Grain (agricultural product) - Harvesters - Pipe
Uncontrolled terms: Air flow velocity - Combine harvesters - Experimental factors - Header - Orthogonal experiment - Single-factor experiments - Technical requirement - Wheat
Classification code: 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
- 631 Fluid Flow
Fluid Flow
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.21e-03kg, Percentage 8.80e-01%, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m to 2.70e-01m, Size 2.10e-01m, Velocity 4.74e+01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.010
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
49. Particulate Matter Load Estimation and Distribution Characteristics of Diesel Particulate Filter
Accession number: 20174104253169
Authors: Liu, Hongqi (1); Gao, Ying (1); Jiang, Hongpeng (2); Chen, Jinjun (2); Pei, Kasi (2); Zheng, Deyuan (2)
Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (2) China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co., Ltd., Ji’nan; 250101, China
Corresponding author: Gao, Ying(gaoying@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 349-355
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: A particulate matter estimation model was established to calculate the particulate retained in diesel particulate filter with consideration of catalytic reaction in filter. The filtration and catalytic regeneration parameters were identified by engine dynamometer test data, including permeability of carrier and activation energy and pre-exponential factors of the NO2catalytic reaction and thermal catalytic reaction. The estimation model was validated under different operation conditions and model error was less than 10%. Analysis based on the catalytic reaction sub-model approved that the weight of catalytic regeneration was increased with the rise of temperature. At 442, percentage of regeneration mass in all engine emission was risen to 45.42%. The regeneration during filtration can effectively prolong the active regeneration cycle. After thorough analysis of the model, most of the particulate mass was distributed in cake layer, accounting more than 98%. The particulate mass in deep bed was discrete in five slabs and mass distribution in deep bed was mainly in the first slab. Under different test conditions, the mass in the first slab accounted more than 85%. And the permeability of the first slab was less than half of those of the other slabs. At 272, the particulate mass in different slabs remained stable quickly and the second to the fifth slabs were decreased more than 35% at 442. Chemical catalytic reaction at high temperature was the reason for decreasing. For the first slab, cake layer can effectively replenish the regeneration mass. After the theoretical analysis and practical verify, the estimation model included NO2catalytic reaction and thermal catalytic reaction can effectively predict the retained particulate mass in filter.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Catalysis
Controlled terms: Activation energy - Air filters - Bandpass filters - Chemical analysis - Diesel engines - Engines - Estimation - Filters (for fluids) - Fuel filters - Nitrogen compounds - Nitrogen oxides - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms: Active regenerations - Catalytic regenerations - Diesel particulate filters - Distribution characteristics - Loading capacities - Particulate filters - Preexponential factor - Regeneration
Classification code: 451.2 Air Pollution Control
Air Pollution Control
- 612.2 Diesel Engines
Diesel Engines
- 641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
- 703.2 Electric Filters
Electric Filters
- 802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 3.50e+01%, Percentage 4.54e+01%, Percentage 8.50e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.046
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
50. Soil Stress Transmission Coefficient Based on Compaction Analytical Model
Accession number: 20174104253130
Authors: He, Tingfeng (1); Cong, Wenjie (1); Belal, Eisa Adam (1, 2); Ding, Qishuo (1); Yang, Yanshan (1); Huo, Lianfei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) Department of Agricultural Engineering, Zalingei University, Zalingei; 06, Sudan
Corresponding author: Ding, Qishuo(qsding@njau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 59-65
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Predicting soil stress with analytical models requires proper selection of the models’ concentration factor. But due to the insufficient knowledge about the effects of soil conditions on stress transmission, little is known about how the concentration factor varies with soil states and loading conditions. The function of the concentration factor was transformed and a dimensionless factor σz/σ0standing for soil-induced attenuation on the stress transmission was defined as the soil stress transmission coefficient and is denoted as STC. Since soil stress transmission property is affected by soil states and loading conditions, a modified oedometer testing setup with a soil stress sensor was used to evaluate controlled soil properties on STCs. Totally 30 soil states were tested by controlling soil water contents and bulk densities based on different soil styles. Correlation analysis was performed between measured STCs and soil state parameters, i.e. water content, bulk density and soil strength. The highly linear correlation between soil stress and applied surface stress indicated a stable STC for each particular soil state. STC was also found both linearly decreased with dry bulk density and precompression stress. The back-calculation of concentration factor from measured STCs illustrated that the proposed solution for soil stress transmission provided a means to define concentration factor for each soil state with measured result. Concentration factor varied from 1.20 to 12.39, being in agreement with the past reports. And the detail of how the concentration factor was affected by the changed states of soils was provided.
Number of references: 45
Main heading: Soil testing
Controlled terms: Analytical models - Compaction - Soil mechanics - Soil moisture - Soils - Stress analysis - Water content
Uncontrolled terms: Concentration factors - Correlation analysis - Dry bulk densities - Modified oedometers - Soil compaction - Soil conditions - Soil water content - Stress transmission
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.007
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
51. Temporal and Spatial Planting Regionalization Description of Spring Maize in Northeast China Based on Several Years Environmental Characteristics
Accession number: 20174104253139
Authors: Liu, Zhe (1); Liu, Wei (1); Zan, Xuli (1); Feng, Wei (1); Li, Shaoming (1); Zhang, Xiaodong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Xiaodong(zhangxd@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 125-131
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Maize is one of the main food crops in China. Due to too much scales of maize environmental regionalization description, the partition environmental characteristics are not satisfied with the test requirements of the fine varieties, and only using several years average values to describe the spatial characteristics of the environment can not enough recognize the multiple environment test of the environment. The geographical grid was taken as the unit, and the three northeastern provinces as the study area. By using the 21-year meteorological data, DEM, slope and the planting area of spring maize in the three provinces of Northeast China, the every year environment characteristic was used as index to build a multi-year environmental characteristic mean database and a several years environment characteristics database. From the temporal and spatial perspective, the attribute clustering method was used to research a maize environment fine division method. The result was that the environmental characteristics of the three provinces in Northeast China were divided into seven categories. The regionalization of maize planting environment in the three provinces of Northeast China was carried out by using the belonging degree analysis method for category, and compared with the spatial regionalization of the mean value of environmental characteristics for many years, the result of spatial-temporal regionalization was more precise and the environmental cognition was more full.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Meteorology
Uncontrolled terms: Belonging degree for category - Environment test - Maize planting environment - Spatial regionalization - Spatial temporals
Numerical data indexing: Age 2.10e+01yr
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.016
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
52. Evolution of Cavitation Bubbles and Its Influence on Vibration in Centrifugal Pump
Accession number: 20174104253134
Authors: Ye, Yanghui (1); Zhu, Xiangyuan (1); Sun, Guangpu (1); Li, Guojun (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an; 710049, China
Corresponding author: Li, Guojun(liguojun@mail.xjtu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 88-93 and 137
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Visual analysis illustrated the steady and rotating cavitation in a centrifugal pump at different flow rates. The cavity structures under different NPSH were captured and the cavity lengths, including the supercavity length were obtained. The corresponding vibrations of the volute and bearing were measured by using acceleration sensors. The influences of the cavity structures on the vibrations were analyzed. Experimental results showed that the vibration was increased when the cavitation occurred at the pressure side, especially when the supercavitation occurred. The cavitation at the suction side was usually thin and its influence on the vibration was relatively small. The growth rate of the cavity length at the pressure side was increased after the appearance of supercavitation. At the flow rates of 0.6Qdand 0.8Qd, the vibration turned from increase to decrease soon after the rotating cavitation appeared, and the ratios of the cavitation number to attack angle at the turning point were close to each other. And then the vibration was increased again when the stable cavitation occurred at the pressure side, and finally it was decreased sharply when the pump head was extremely small. Besides, the vibration was increased when large shedding cavities blocked the flow channel. During the rotating cavitation, the cavity structures in the opposite channels were similar to each other, and the cloud shedding frequency was around 27 Hz according to visual observations and the fast Fourier transform of inlet pressure fluctuations.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Vibration analysis
Controlled terms: Cavitation - Centrifugal pumps - Channel flow - Fast Fourier transforms - Flow visualization - Pumps
Uncontrolled terms: Acceleration sensors - Cavitation bubble - Cavitation number - Rotating cavitations - Shedding frequencies - Stable cavitation - Vibration - Visual observations
Classification code: 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
- 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
- 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics
Liquid Dynamics
- 921.3 Mathematical Transformations
Mathematical Transformations
Numerical data indexing: Frequency 2.70e+01Hz
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.011
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
53. Effect of Different Water and Nitrogen Levels on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice
Accession number: 20174104253146
Authors: Zhang, Zhongxue (1, 2); Zheng, Ennan (1, 2); Wang, Changming (1, 2); Yun, Ninghan (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 176-183
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to establish water-saving, high quality and efficient production model in the black soil of cold region of rice, fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic characteristics were measured by using LI-6400XT photosynthetic apparatus in the main growth period of rice under different water and fertilizer treatments. The results showed that photochemical quantum efficiency of rice (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching factor coefficient qPand non-photochemical quenching coefficient qNwere decreased with the decrease of irrigation amount. With the increase of nitrogen, Fv/Fmat the bloom stage, qPat jointing stage showed inverted-V-trend, it showed that PSII reaction center was adjusted due to different treatments of water and fertilizer in black soil of cold area of rice, primary energy conversion efficiency of PSII, potential activity of PSII, photosynthetic electron transport, photosynthetic primary reaction process and heat dissipation capacity subjected to varying degrees of inhibition or improvement. The stomatal limitation of controlled irrigation was greater than that in flood irrigation, it did not affect the photosynthesis of rice leaves. Through simulated light response curves under fertilizer rate of 110 ~160 kg/hm2treatment, it showed that the curve was increased with the increase of nitrogen and the LSP and LCP were reduced significantly, but α, θ and Pnmaxwere increased to some extent. Through comparison among different treatments of irrigation, LSP, LCP and θ of the flood irrigation were less than those in control irrigation, and Pnmaxwas increased significantly, but the change of Rdand α were not obvious, it showed that high rate of fertilizer was benefit for utilization of low light in rice leaves, reduced water consumption was benefit for utilization of strong light. Therefore, water and nutrient coercion would improve the adaptability of rice leaves to light, and increasing of nitrogen amount can efficiently improve the light response characteristics.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Plants (botany)
Controlled terms: Conversion efficiency - Electron transport properties - Energy conversion - Fertilizers - Floods - Fluorescence - Irrigation - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fertilizers - Photosynthesis - Quenching - Soils - Water conservation - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms: Cold area - Fluorescence parameters - Nitrogen treatment - Photosynthetic characteristics - Rice
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
- 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques
Water Treatment Techniques
- 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 525.5 Energy Conversion Issues
Energy Conversion Issues
- 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes
Heat Treatment Processes
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.023
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
54. On-line Detection Method of Raw Woody Breast Based on Characteristic Parameter
Accession number: 20174104253160
Authors: Sun, Xiao (1); Liu, Haolu (1); Chen, Cairong (1); Chen, Kunjie (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China
Corresponding author: Chen, Kunjie(kunjiechen@njau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 284-289
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Global attention has been drawn to the woody breast (WB) myopathy in modern poultry industry which is observed a distinct hardness of raw fillets. The test was conducted to determine effectiveness of compression force and air deformation of fillet surfaces to identify WB in raw fillets and meat quality with different WB categories in cooked fillets. Whole breast fillets were collected from 49 d broilers categorized in normal (NORM), moderate (MOD) and severe (SEV) categories of WB (n=30/category). Left part fillets were conducted compression force (CF) and air deformation measurement; right part fillets were cooked and sheared with MORS and BMORS. Cook loss (CL), shear energy (MORSE and BMORSE) and peak counts of shear curves (PC-MORS and PC-BMORS) were recorded on each fillet. In raw fillets, CF was increased remarkably with the increase of WB (P<0.05), diameter measurements of air deformation was decreased (P<0.05) as the increase of WB categories regardless of distance. In cooked fillets, WB negatively affected CL and shear properties. The result indicated that air deformation may be potentially used as tool for online raw fillet detection, and the new method of peak counting was useful in distinguishing among WB categories, which could be a good feature to describe WB inner muscle texture of cooked fillet.
Number of references: 34
Main heading: Deformation
2017年第6期共收錄56篇
1. Carbon Dioxide Optimal Control Model Based on Support Vector-Improved Fish Swarm Algorithm
Accession number: 20174104253155
Authors: Xin, Pingping (1, 2); Zhang, Zhen (1, 2); Wang, Zhiyong (1, 2); Hu, Jin (1, 2); Shao, Zhicheng (1, 2); Zhang, Haihui (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Haihui(zhanghh@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 249-256
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: CO2was one of the main raw materials for plant photosynthetic rate, CO2optimal regulation model to meet the crops’ requirements was pivotal to afford a fine growth environment in crops’ whole life cycle. CO2optimal regulation model fusing the support vector machine-improved fish swarm algorithm was proposed to provide a quantitative basis for precise regulation of CO2in greenhouse. Taking the cucumber plant as research object, considering the mechanism of its photosynthesis, a photosynthesis rate nest-test with three-factor combinations consisted of temperature, photon flux density and CO2concentration was constructed. In the test, temperatures, photon flux densities and CO2concentrations were set at 9, 7, 10 gradients, respectively. Totally 630 groups of CO2response data were obtained by LI-6400XT portable photosynthesis rate instrument, in which 81% of the data was employed to construct the support vector machine (SVM) photosynthetic rate prediction model, while the remaining data was used for model validation. Furthermore, through improved fish swarm algorithm with SVM photosynthetic rate prediction model network as input, optimized photosynthetic rate values were acquired with variety of variables. Accordingly, CO2saturation points were generated at different temperatures and photon flux density conditions for CO2optimal regulation model. Compared the proposed SVM photosynthetic rate prediction model with conventional non-linear regression (NLR) prediction model and error back propagation (BP) prediction model, results showed that SVM prediction model was obviously superior to NLR prediction model and BP prediction model with correlation coefficient of 0.994 and mean absolute error of 0.879 μmol/(m2•s). Then, XOR checkout was adopted to validate the CO2optimal regulation model, results showed that the correlation coefficient between the simulated values and measured values was 0.965 and the maximum relative error was 3.056%, which indicated that the proposed CO2optimization model could be applied to predict CO2saturation points dynamically and provide a feasible way for CO2concentration precise controlling for plants in greenhouse.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Carbon dioxide
Controlled terms: Backpropagation - Carbon - Crops - Errors - Forecasting - Greenhouses - Optimization - Photons - Photosynthesis - Plants (botany) - Support vector machines - Vectors
Uncontrolled terms: Fish-swarm algorithms - Photosynthetic rate - Regulation models - Saturation point - Support vector machine algorithm
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 723.4 Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures
Farm Buildings and Other Structures
- 921.1 Algebra
Algebra
- 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
- 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.06e+00%, Percentage 8.10e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.032
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
2. Optimization of Grinding Performance for Large-type Semi-autogenous Mill Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process
Accession number: 20174104252737
Authors: Li, Feng (1); Fu, Kaijin (1); Yu, Xiangjun (2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China; (2) School of Automatic Control and Mechanical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming; 650214, China
Corresponding author: Yu, Xiangjun(582200523@qq.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 392-398
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to improve the grinding performance of large-type semi-autogenous (SAG) mill, the trajectories of steel balls under different filling numbers were obtained through the test of the test bench of mill. Discrete element equivalent model of test bench was built and the trajectories of the steel balls were simulated. Test results and simulation results of equivalent model were compared. The comparisons showed that test results of trajectories of steel balls were consistent with simulation results. The main factors influencing the grinding performance and the influence law were studied. Mathematical model between factors and evaluation indexes was obtained through the quadratic polynomial stepwise regression analysis and analysis of variance. Optimal parameters combination was also obtained. The hierarchy structure and judgment matrix between factors and indexes were created by using the analytic hierarchy process. The prediction model of comprehensive evaluation index of grinding performance was established, by which the main design parameters of large-type SAG mill were optimized. Compared with the index values before optimization, the power per unit mass and total effective collision frequency between steel balls and aggregates were increased by 10.78% and 15.47%, respectively, and the maximum wear height of the lining was decreased by 10.81%. Meanwhile, the comprehensive grinding performance was increased by 17.25%.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Ball mills
Controlled terms: Analytic hierarchy process - Grinding (machining) - Regression analysis - Testing - Trajectories
Uncontrolled terms: Autogenous mill - Collision frequency - Comprehensive evaluation index - Grinding performance - Performance optimizations - Quadratic polynomial - Stepwise regression analysis - Uniform design method
Classification code: 604.2 Machining Operations
Machining Operations
- 802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment
Chemical Plants and Equipment
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
- 961 Systems Science
Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.08e+01%, Percentage 1.55e+01%, Percentage 1.72e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.052
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
3. Reconstruction for Gas-Liquid Flow of Liquid-ring Pump Based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition
Accession number: 20174104253173
Authors: Zhang, Renhui (1, 2); Wu, Hao (1); Yang, Junhu (1, 2); Li, Rennian (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; Gansu Province; 730050, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 381-386
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: According to the complicated gas-liquid flow in liquid-ring pump, the large amount of calculation, and the difficulty for its optimization design, the flow field reconstitution for the gas-liquid flow of liquid-ring pump based on proper orthogonal decomposition were proposed. The blade was parameterized by Taylor polynomial, and the experiment samples can be designed by introducing small perturbation of the control parameter. The transient gas-liquid flow in liquid-ring pump was simulated by using the VOF model. The snapshot set consisted of the control parameter for the blade shape and the flow field data. According to the geometric similarity of the impeller flow passage and the mesh deformation technology, the flow field data of the similar position of each point were interpolated. The snapshot set can be decomposed as linear combination of orthogonal basis by using proper orthogonal decomposition. The coefficients of the objective blade orthogonal basis were fitted by the least square method. The flow field data of the objective blade were reconstructed. In the calculation case for the type of 2BE-203 liquid-ring pump, the gas-liquid flows of single blade passage were reconstructed, and almost all the flow structures were accurately predicted. The prediction had high accuracy except near the gas-liquid interface. The calculation amount for the multiphase flow field was greatly reduced.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Phase interfaces
Controlled terms: Deformation - Flow fields - Gases - Least squares approximations - Liquids - Mesh generation - Principal component analysis - Pumps - Two phase flow
Uncontrolled terms: Gas liquid flows - Gas-liquid interface - Geometric similarity - Least square methods - Liquid ring pumps - Mesh deformation - Proper orthogonal decompositions - Small perturbations
Classification code: 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
- 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
- 801.4 Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
- 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
- 921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.050
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
4. Recognition Method for Two Overlaping and Adjacent Grape Clusters Based on Image Contour Analysis
Accession number: 20174104253125
Authors: Luo, Lufeng (1, 2); Zou, Xiangjun (1); Wang, Chenglin (1); Chen, Xiong (1); Yang, Zishang (1); Situ, Weiming (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin; 300222, China
Corresponding author: Zou, Xiangjun(xjzou1@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 15-22
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The recognition and location of overlapping or adjacent grape clusters in vineyard is one of the difficulties of grape picking robot vision system. In order to locate the grape clusters accurately, a method for targets detection and extraction in two overlapping and adjacent grape clusters was proposed based on image contour analysis. Firstly, the H color component images that can well distinguish the summer black grape clusters from the background were extracted from the HSV color space, the grape clusters in the extracted images were segmented by using the improved K-means clustering method, and subsequently the noises in the segmented images were eliminated by using morphological operations. Secondly, the edges of grape clusters were extracted, and the midpoint of the line crossed the extreme points on the left and right edge of grape clusters was calculated out. Thirdly, midpoint was taken as the original point, and a geometry calculation model for solving the dividing line between two grape clusters was built after analyzing the contour characteristics. The two intersection points of the adjacent grape clusters’ edges were computed by using the minimum distance constraint between the original point and the specified edges. Finally, the dividing line of two grape clusters was obtained by connecting the two intersection points, and the two grape clusters were extracted separately. To verify the robust of the proposed method, totally 27 vineyard images with two overlapping and adjacent grape clusters were tested, and the results showed that the grape clusters in 24 images were correctly identified and extracted. The success rate reached up to 88.89%, and the accuracy of the extracted pixel region was from 87.63% to 96.12%. The elapsed time of the developed algorithm was 0.59 ~ 0.68 s. Moreover, the developed algorithm was transplanted to the self-developed harvesting robot, and the running results showed that the proposed method could be used to localize two overlapping and adjacent grape clusters.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Image processing
Controlled terms: Clustering algorithms - Color - Image analysis - Image enhancement - Image segmentation - Mathematical morphology
Uncontrolled terms: Contour analysis - Improved k-means clustering - Intersection points - Morphological operations - Overlapping and adjacent grape clusters - Picking robot visions - Recognition and locations - Target recognition
Classification code: 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 903.1 Information Sources and Analysis
Information Sources and Analysis
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.76e+01% to 9.61e+01%, Percentage 8.89e+01%, Time 6.80e-01s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.002
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
5. Design and Experiment on Semi-active Controller for Hybrid Suspension
Accession number: 20174104253167
Authors: Wang, Ruochen (1); Jiao, Yu (1); Qian, Jin’gang (1); Ding, Renkai (1); Chen, Long (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 334-340
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to improve the dynamic performance of traditional passive suspension and recovery vibration energy from it, a semi|active hybrid suspension system was designed. The dynamic equation of the 1/4 vehicle was established, and then the variations of current in the Boost mode and Buck mode were studied respectively, and the influence of duty cycle of Mosfet on electromagnetic damping force of the linear motor was also analyzed. On this basis, semi-active control strategy based on skyhook and groundhook hybrid control was introduced. The concept of semi|active control reference force (Fref) was proposed, and the optimal control parameters of the semi-active control reference force were determined by using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Through tracking the current in different working modes, the purpose of real-time control of the motor electromagnetic damping force was reached. Then the hybrid suspension system model was built by Simulink simulation, and the dynamic and regenerative performance of the hybrid suspension system and the current tracking control effect of the semi-active controller were compared respectively. The simulation results showed that the semi-active hybrid suspension could improve the dynamic performance of vehicle, and partial vibration energy was recovered at the same time, the semi-active controller that designed had better control effect on current. Finally, the bench test was carried out, and the correctness of the simulation results was verified by comparing with the test results.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Suspensions (components)
Controlled terms: Active suspension systems - Automobile suspensions - Controllers - Damping - Hybrid vehicles - Linear motors - Magnetic levitation vehicles - Optimization - Particle swarm optimization (PSO) - Real time control - Vehicles - Vibrations (mechanical)
Uncontrolled terms: Current tracking control - Duty-cycle - Electromagnetic damping - Hybrid controls - Hybrid suspension - Hybrid suspension system - Optimal controls - Particle swarm optimization algorithm
Classification code: 432 Highway Transportation
Highway Transportation
- 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components
Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components
- 705.3 Electric Motors
Electric Motors
- 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications
Automatic Control Principles and Applications
- 732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
- 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
- 931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.044
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
6. Simulation on Pyrolysis Gasification of Biomass in Flue Gas Based on ASPEN PLUS
Accession number: 20174104253159
Authors: Liu, Liansheng (1); Zhao, Rongxuan (1); Wang, Gaoyue (1); Yang, Nannan (1); Wang, Dongji (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin; 300401, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 278-283
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Based on the ASPEN PLUS platform, the biomass pyrolysis gasification model was established by using the gas-solid reaction kinetics in the flue gas atmosphere generated by the biomass pyrolysis gas combustion. The kinetics of pyrolysis biomass was analyzed by AKTS in simulative flue gas (80%N2, 17%CO2and 3%O2). The simulation results were compared with the experimental values to verify the validity of the model, and the number of reactors was determined by analyzing the atmosphere influencing the pyrolysis gasification characteristics. The results showed that the simulation performance of biomass gasification based on ASPEN PLUS platform was favorable. The model was closer to the actual countercurrent flow reaction with the increase of the number of kettle. In order to ensure the accuracy of simulation, it was more appropriate to choose the number of reactors in series 4. During the process of biomass pyrolysis gasification, the activation energy (E) and the pre-exponential factor (A) of the kinetic parameters were not fixed values but changed with the increase of the reaction temperature. The pyrolysis gasification reaction did not follow a single reaction mechanism, which was composed of multiple steps. Compared with the nitrogen and oxygen atmosphere, the flue gas atmosphere was favorable for the production of CO. The calorific value of gas was increased by 1.3 times, which was mainly caused by the increase of volume of CO and CH4.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Computer software
Controlled terms: Activation energy - Biomass - Flue gases - Flues - Gases - Gasification - Kinetics - Nitrogen - Pyrolysis - Reaction kinetics
Uncontrolled terms: ASPEN PLUS - Biomass Gasification - Counter-current flow - Kinetics of pyrolysis - Preexponential factor - Pyrolysis gasifications - Reaction temperature - Simulation performance
Classification code: 451.1 Air Pollution Sources
Air Pollution Sources
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
- 802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.036
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
7. Design and Experiment of 3SCJ-2 Type Row Weeding Machine for Paddy Field
Accession number: 20174104253132
Authors: Wang, Jinfeng (1); Wang, Jinwu (1); Yan, Dongwei (1); Tang, Han (1); Zhou, Wenqi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Jinwu(jinwuw@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 71-78 and 202
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the improvement of people’s living standard, the requirement of rice quality becomes increasingly high. In the process of rice planting, the using amount of herbicide should be reduced. In order to reduce the using amount of herbicide, the mechanical weeding is the most time-saving and force-saving way. Japan is in the leading level for mechanical weeding technology, but the soil conditions are different between Japan and China, even in China, the soil is different for different provinces and areas. In addition, the edges of paddy field do not have steering areas for weeders in China. Therefore, single row and double row weeding machines with compact structure and light weight are more suitable for operation in China. The weeds were buried and picked out though the rotation of driving and driven weeding wheel for double row paddy field weeding machine. Structure model of driving weeding wheel was established, the design formulas of the structure parameters of the radius, width, speed, rake tooth and so on were developed for driving weeding wheel, and the design principles of the structural parameters for driven weeding wheel and limit deep plate were obtained through the analysis of characteristics of rice seedlings, grass root and structural requirements, which provided references for design of driven weeding wheel and limit deep plate. The mechanical models for driving weeding wheel, driven weeding wheel and the frame and limit deep plate were established, the driving moment of driving weeding wheel was deduced. According to the analysis of the structure model, mechanical model and agronomic technical parameters, the relevant parameters were determined as: the radius of driving weeding wheel was 0.15 m, the radius of driven weeding wheel was 0.1 m, the rotation speed of driving weeding wheel was 0.6 r/s, the number of rake tooth was 6, the length of rake tooth was 0.12 m, the driving moment was 27 N•m, the engine was 1.25 kW with single cylinder two stroke, the main-gear box was RV40 worm gear reducer. The field test and performance experiment were carried out for the developed double row paddy field weeding machine, the results showed that the weeding quality was good for double row paddy field weeding machine, which can meet the needs of agricultural technical indicators.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Structural design
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Design - Engine cylinders - Herbicides - Plates (structural components) - Testing - Weed control - Wheels
Uncontrolled terms: Compact structures - Paddy fields - Performance experiment - Structural parameter - Structural requirements - Structure parameter - Technical indicator - Weeding machines
Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General
Structural Design, General
- 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
Structural Members and Shapes
- 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components
Internal Combustion Engine Components
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Numerical data indexing: Power 1.25e+03W, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.20e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m, Torque 2.70e+01N*m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.009
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
8. Recognition Method of Cow Behavior Based on Combination of Image and Activities
Accession number: 20174104253142
Authors: Gu, Jingqiu (1, 2); Wang, Zhihai (1); Gao, Ronghua (2); Wu, Huarui (2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing; 100044, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Zhihai(zhhwang@bjtu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 145-151
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Due to the application of internet of things (IoT) to large-scale cow breeding, mass of multi-scale data and multi-divisional sensor data and video monitoring data of cow individuals were collected. Therefore, it is significant to dig out useful information about features of healthy reproduction behavior for development of scientific large-scale breeding measures and improve economic benefits from cow breeding. For the rapid and accurate identification of cow reproduction and healthy behavior from mass surveillance video, totally 400 head of young cows and lactating cows were taken as the research object and cow behavior from the dairy activity area and milk hall ramp was analyzed. The method of object recognition based on image entropy was proposed, aiming at the identification of motional cow object behavior against a complex background. Calculation of a minimum bounding box and contour mapping was used for the real-time capture of rutting span behavior and hoof or back characteristics. Then, by combining the continuous image characteristics with movement of cows for 7 d, abnormal behavior of dairy cows from healthy reproduction can be quickly distinguished by the method, which improved the accuracy of the identification of dairy cows characteristics. Cow behavior recognition based on image analysis and activities was proposed to capture abnormal behavior that had harmful effects on healthy reproduction and improve the accuracy of cow behavior identification. The experimental results showed that through target detection, classification and recognition, the recognition rates of hoof disease and heat in the reproduction and health of dairy cows were greater than 80%, and the false negative rates of oestrus and hoof disease reached 3.28% and 5.32%, respectively. This method can enhance the real-time monitoring of cows, save time and improve the management efficiency of large-scale farming.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Behavioral research
Controlled terms: Dairies - Image analysis - Image enhancement - Image processing - Image segmentation - Internet of things - Motion analysis - Network security - Object recognition - Security systems
Uncontrolled terms: Activities - Cow behavior - Image entropy - Image moments - Intelligent analysis - Target segmentation
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
- 822.1 Food Products Plants and Equipment
Food Products Plants and Equipment
- 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
Accidents and Accident Prevention
- 971 Social Sciences
Social Sciences
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.28e+00%, Percentage 5.32e+00%, Percentage 8.00e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.019
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
9. Model Test Analysis of Impeller Selection in Large Vertical Axial Flow Pumping System
Accession number: 20174104253135
Authors: Xie, Chuanliu (1); Tang, Fangping (1); Liu, Chao (1); Yang, Fan (1); Shi, Lijian (1); Duan, Xiaohui (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Hydraulic Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225100, China
Corresponding author: Tang, Fangping(tangfp@yzu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 94-99 and 131
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The selection of impeller of axial flow pump has a direct impact on the flow, head, and efficiency of the pump device; whether the impeller matches the actual working conditions of the axial flow pump device is the most important part as far as the design and energy saving are concerned. The improper selection could result in deviation of operating conditions of pump, the reduction of service efficiency, and the increase of unit vibration; consequently further influenced the efficiency, safety and stable operation of the pump station. Thus it is of great significance to choose a proper type of impeller for the operation of axial flow pump. Based on the vertical axial flow pump model test, the method of selection of pump impeller was analyzed; on the basis of the traditional method, the method with reference to the weighted average flow rate, weighted average efficiency and weighted average NPSH of the pump station was added. Finally, test program 3 was chosen: the blade placement angle was 6°, the flow rate was 398.5 L/s, the head was 6.07 m, the efficiency was 75.5%, the NPSH was 7.4 m, the performance was the optimal at design points, the high efficiency area was wide, the weighted average flow rate was 414.25 L/s, the weighted efficiency was 71.385%, the weighted average NPSH was 8.435 m, and the overall performance was the best. The chosen program 3, given the guaranteed design parameters of the pump device, can give full play to the pump more effectively and generate greater economic and social benefits, thus providing reference for future similar projects.
Number of references: 16
Main heading: Pumps
Controlled terms: Axial flow - Energy conservation - Impellers - Pumping plants - Software testing - Statistical methods
Uncontrolled terms: Design parameters - Economic and social benefits - Model tests - Operating condition - Pumping stations - Selection - Vertical axial flow pump - Weighted averages
Classification code: 446 Waterworks
Waterworks
- 525.2 Energy Conservation
Energy Conservation
- 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
- 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
- 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.14e+01%, Percentage 7.55e+01%, Size 6.07e+00m, Size 7.40e+00m, Size 8.44e+00m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.012
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
10. Electrochemical Immunosensor Assay (EIA) of E. coli O157:H7 Based on MOCPs-MWCNTs with Highly Efficient Antibody Immobilization
Accession number: 20174104253166
Authors: Yang, Hua (1); Xu, Xiahong (1); Guo, Yu’na (1); Xiao, Yingping (1); Tang, Biao (1); Wang, Qiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou; 310021, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 328-333
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Microbiological contamination caused by food-borne diseases has become a major public health problem of the world. A novel electrochemical immunosensor assay (EIA) for high sensitive and specific detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was developed. A new nanocomposites with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) embedded inmetal-organic coordination polymers (MOCPs) was successfully prepared as highly efficient matrices of capturing antibody immobilization for sensitive electrochemical biosensing. In the presence of target E. coli O157:H7, horse radish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled antibody was captured on the electrode surface to form a sandwich-type system via the specific identification. As a result, E. coli O157:H7 detection was realized by outputting a redox current from electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide reaction catalyzed by HRP. In the assay, the combination of the unique properties of MWCNTs and MOCPs can not only accelerate electron transfer on the electrode interface, but also provide an excellent scaffold for the conjugation of capture antibody. Meanwhile, adopting the MWCNTs-MOCPs materials significantly improved the target capturing efficiency and enhanced the sensitivity of the biosensor. The results revealed that the calibration plot obtained for E. coli O157:H7 was approximately linear from 67 cfu/mL to 6.7×106cfu/mL with the limit of detection of 40 cfu/mL. In addition, the biosensor was successfully applied to quantitative assay of E. coli O157:H7 in synthetic sample (milk). Hence, the developed electrochemical-based immunosensor might provide a useful and practical tool for E. coli O157:H7 determination and related food safety analysis and clinical diagnosis.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCN)
Controlled terms: Antibodies - Bioassay - Biosensors - Carbon - Carbon nanotubes - Diagnosis - Electrodes - Escherichia coli - Food microbiology - Food safety - Immunosensors - Nanotubes - Organic polymers - Organometallics - Polymers - Scaffolds - Yarn
Uncontrolled terms: Antibody immobilization - Electrochemical biosensing - Electrochemical immunosensors - Escherichia coli O157:H7 - Horse-radish peroxidase - Hydrogen peroxide reaction - Metal-organic coordination polymers - Microbiological contaminations
Classification code: 405.1 Construction Equipment
Construction Equipment
- 461 Bioengineering and Biology
Bioengineering and Biology
- 761 Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 815.1 Polymeric Materials
Polymeric Materials
- 815.1.1 Organic Polymers
Organic Polymers
- 819.4 Fiber Products
Fiber Products
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.043
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
11. Effect of Dynamic High-pressure Microfluidization on Egg White Protein Allergenicity and Digestibility
Accession number: 20174104253164
Authors: Chi, Yujie (1); Li, Yinnan (1); Zhao, Ying (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 312-318
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to investigate the effects of DHPM treatment on allergenicity, digestibility and structures of EWP, EWP was processed under a continuous pressure array of 40 MPa, 80 MPa, 120 MPa, 160 MPa and 200 MPa. After DHPM treatment, the degree of hydrolysis and digestibility of EWP was evaluated by in vitro digestion test, the allergenicity was measured by ELISA assay, and changes in molecular weight and conformational structure of EWP were characterized by SDS-PAGE, circular dichroism spectrum and fluorescence spectra. The results showed that DHPM treatment with pressure ranging from 80 MPa to 200 MPa could significantly reduce the allergenicity of EWP, especially at 120 MPa. The Ig E-binding of DHPM treated EWP and its hydrolysates were reduced by 63.7% and 93.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, the molecular weight distributions of DHPM treated EWP were not changed. However, the DHPM treatment contributed to an increase in relative fluorescence intensity, but the spectral peaks shift was not observed. At the same time, the surface hydrophobicity and free sulfydryl group content of EWP were significantly increased after DHPM treatment (80~200 MPa) compared with native EWP, and some α-helices were destroyed and converted to β-sheets and random coils, indicating that the secondary and tertiary structures of EWP were changed. It was found that the reduction of antigenicity was correlated with the changes in the structure and epitopes of the allergenic protein. Thus the content of α-helices was decreased with the reduction in antigenicity, suggesting that Ig E-binding epitopes might be located in the α-helices structure of EWP. Moreover, hydrolysis efficiency and digestibility in vitro of EWP were markedly increased through the DHPM treatment (80~200 MPa). These results suggested that DHPM can be adopted as an important physical modification method for EWP of hypoallergenic and improving digestibility. The research can provide theoretical basis for the development of low sensitivity egg white products and their applications in food industry.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: High pressure effects
Controlled terms: Allergens - Antigens - Bins - Dichroism - Epitopes - Fluorescence - Hydrolysis - Molecular weight - Molecular weight distribution - Proteins
Uncontrolled terms: Allergenicity - Circular dichroism spectra - Conformational structures - Dynamic high-pressure microfluidization - Egg white proteins - In-vitro digestions - Relative fluorescence intensity - Secondary and tertiary structures
Classification code: 461.9.1 Immunology
Immunology
- 694.4 Storage
Storage
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.37e+01%, Percentage 9.35e+01%, Pressure 1.20e+08Pa, Pressure 1.60e+08Pa, Pressure 2.00e+08Pa, Pressure 4.00e+07Pa, Pressure 8.00e+07Pa to 2.00e+08Pa, Pressure 8.00e+07Pa
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.041
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
12. Topological Manifolds Analysis for Inverse Kinematics of Redundant Fiber Placement Manipulator
Accession number: 20174104252736
Authors: Xu, Peng (1); Cheng, Jinxiang (1); Ying, Mingfeng (1); Li, Kui (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 387-391 and 406
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: A new topological manifolds method was proposed to solve the inverse kinematics problem of the redundant fiber placement manipulator. It improved the calculation precision compared with the optimized projected gradient method. A structure of smooth topological manifolds was presented by the inverse kinematics solution of redundant fiber placement manipulator, the simulation topological manifolds were obtained when the position sub-manifolds and posture sub-manifolds had a different simulation analysis for the redundant fiber placement manipulator model, it was like the function mapping in the mathematics from the manipulator joints space to the working space of the end effector. The tangent vector described velocity vector for each point on the topological manifolds, the gather of all these tangent vectors were defined as the tangent vector space on the point. The kinematics problems of the redundant fiber placement manipulator were abstracted to mathematically curved surface topological manifolds problem in the new method, it provided a new theoretical basis for manifolds analysis of the redundant fiber placement manipulator. Thus the subsequent optimization of inverse kinematics solutions manifolds problems were obtained by using self-motion curved surface manifolds theory in the mathematics, it provided a new method for improving the subsequent optimization self-motion control of the redundant fiber placement manipulator. The whole operating performance of the redundant fiber placement manipulator was improved greatly, and it would play a great role in promoting the quantity in the working fiber placement. The new method was verified by simulation of plane S-shaped inlet.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Topology
Controlled terms: Automobile engine manifolds - Fibers - Functions - Gradient methods - Inverse kinematics - Inverse problems - Kinematics - Manipulators - Redundancy - Vector spaces - Vectors
Uncontrolled terms: Calculation precision - Inlet - Inverse kinematics solutions - Operating performance - Projected gradient methods - Self motion control - Simulation analysis - Tangent vector space
Classification code: 661.2 Automotive Engine Components
Automotive Engine Components
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.051
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
13. Electric Controlled Automatic Tray Feeding Device for Hard and Soft Tray of Rice Precision Seeding for Nursing Seedlings Planter
Accession number: 20174104253128
Authors: Ma, Xu (1, 2); Chen, Lintao (1); Huang, Guan (1); Qi, Long (1, 2); Lin, Shaomin (1); Lu, Qiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha; 410128, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 41-49
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Rice factory seedling nursery is a technology that may greatly benefit the Chinese agriculture. It can improve the productivity of rice tray nursing seedlings planter, simplify the cultivation procedure and requirement, and reduce the labor intensity of manual planting. However, one technical drawback of this technology is that the current automatic tray feeder suffers from significant vibration shock and unstable reliability of automatic tray feeder. A composite tray which can be fitted with soft plastic trays and an automatic tray-supplying apparatus for rice tray nursing seedlings planter was developed. The control system was based on the STM32 microcontroller, the trays were detected by a proximity switch, and the servo steering shaft mechanism was used to automatically lift and drop the tray. Through theoretical analysis, the force model for the embedded composite tray was established, and the working parameters of the composite tray were determined. Key components such as the reel shaft mechanism, the lifting finger and the conveying device were designed. For analyzing the performance of the automatic tray feeder and discovering of the main factor of the tray feeding success rate, an orthogonal trial experiment was carried out by using the hard tray, and the tray feeding success rate was used as the experimental index. The orthogonal experiment showed that the tray stacking deviation had significant influence on tray feeding success rate, while the productivity and the tray feeding rate were non-significant. In addition, according to analyzing the experimental data, the automatic tray feeder was improved. Individually, two single factor experiments were carried out which regarded tray feeding success rate as experimental index. One experiment used the hard tray as experimental subject and the other one used soft plastic tray with the embedded composite tray as the experimental subject. Experimental results showed that the improved automatic tray feeder achieved high performance, the rate of hard tray feeding success was 100% and that of the soft plastic tray with the embedded composite tray was more than 98%. The automatic tray feeder can effectively raise productivity and reduce labor intensity, and the experimental indexes met the using requirements of rice tray nursing seedlings planter.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Feeding
Controlled terms: Cultivation - Nursing - Productivity - Seed
Uncontrolled terms: Automatic tray feeder - Electronic controls - Hard and soft tray - Rice - Tray nursing seedlings
Classification code: 461.7 Health Care
Health Care
- 691.2 Materials Handling Methods
Materials Handling Methods
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 9.80e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.005
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
14. Utilization Zoning of Reserve Resources for Cultivated Land Based on Two-dimensional Graph Theory Clustering Method at County Scale
Accession number: 20174104253138
Authors: Zhou, Hao (1); Lei, Guoping (1); Yang, Xuexin (1); Zhang, Kangkang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Land Management Institute, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110169, China
Corresponding author: Lei, Guoping(guopinglei@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 116-124
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The reserve resources for cultivated land should be targeted to differentiated protection and development management on the basis of different resource conditions and utilization direction, so as to realize the best benefit of capital investment, and then achieve the ultimate goal of coordinated development in research area. Heilongjiang Province was the main grain production area and the most important agriculture province in China. Its grain production and agriculture had obvious advantages. Heilongjiang Province owned large area of reserve resources for cultivated land, which was the most important province in farmland supplement. Taking Heilongjiang Province as the research area, the conditions of resource reserve, resource investment and resource development potential were considered. The spatial analysis and two-dimensional graph theory clustering method were used to study the land use zoning and determine the direction of regulation. The results showed that the two-dimensional graph theory clustering method can achieve the goal of ensuring the independence of the reserve land use resources and the internal consistency of the zoning. Heilongjiang Province was divided into potential development zone, ecological environment construction zone, key development zone, ecological environment protection zone, development and utilization of control zone and the appropriate development zone, all the six partitions results were serving for the Heilongjiang Province reserve resources for cultivated land. And then different development management strategies were adopted for different zone types, and management strategy was formulated. The research can provide decision support for the development and utilization of reserve resources for cultivated land in Heilongjiang Province.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Graph theory
Controlled terms: Agriculture - Cluster analysis - Decision support systems - Ecology - Economics - Grain (agricultural product) - Investments - Land use - Partitions (building) - Research and development management - Zoning
Uncontrolled terms: Clustering methods - County scale - Cultivated lands - Development and utilizations - Differentiated protection - Ecological environment constructions - Ecological environment protections - Heilongjiang
Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
Urban and Regional Planning and Development
- 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes
Structural Members and Shapes
- 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Ecology and Ecosystems
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
- 921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
- 971 Social Sciences
Social Sciences
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.015
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
15. Design Method and Driving Voltage Waveform of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator Used on Electronic Controlled Injector
Accession number: 20174104253171
Authors: Xue, Guangming (1); Zhang, Peilin (1); He, Zhongbo (1); Li, Dongwei (1, 2); Huang, Yingjie (1); Zhang, Lei (3)
Author affiliation: (1) Vehicles and Electrical Engineering Department, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China; (2) School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) Artillery Engineering Department, Ordnance Engineering College, Shijiazhuang; 050003, China
Corresponding author: He, Zhongbo(hzb_hcl_xq@sina.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 365-372
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Combining the output characteristics of giant magnetostrictive material with the driving requirements of an electronic controlled injector, the structure design and driving method of giant magnetostrictive actuator suitable to the injector were proposed. The electronic controlled injector required the displacement in only one direction and the displacement should be shortened at the same time. Then two types of giant magnetostrictive actuators were presented by considering the impact of the bias magnetic field on the actuator’s output, and the applicable currents in different bias fields were analyzed. Steady-state displacements and responding time of the two kinds of actuators were measured with the help of an experimental system. And the performance differences of the two actuators, accompanied by the reasons leading to them, were pointed out. As the traditional driving voltage for the giant magnetostrictive actuator, direct voltage in square waveform would cause quite long time in raising the coil current, which occupied most of the whole responding time of the actuator. To save responding time, a fast driving wave was designed with referring the high-voltage opening method used in an electromagnetic actuator. And the output performance of the actuator, strongly biased actuator taken as an example, under designed driving wave was measured and analyzed simultaneously. The results showed that designed driving voltage could reduce the responding time quite effectively from 4 ms to 1 ms. In addition, as the giant magnetostrictive actuator could output continuous displacements from 12 μm to 33 μm, the designed actuator supported more driving effects than the electromagnetic actuator.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Magnetic actuators
Controlled terms: Actuators - Bias voltage - Design - Electric actuators - Electromagnets - Magnetic fields - Magnetostrictive devices
Uncontrolled terms: Bias magnetic field - Driving voltages - Giant magnetostrictive actuator - Injector - Performance
Classification code: 701.2 Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
Magnetism: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
- 704.1 Electric Components
Electric Components
- 713 Electronic Circuits
Electronic Circuits
- 732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.20e-05m to 3.30e-05m, Time 4.00e-03s to 1.00e-03s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.048
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
16. Discharge Coefficient Evaluation and Steady Flow Characteristics for Intake Port of Turbocharged Diesel Engine
Accession number: 20174104253168
Authors: Liu, Fushui (1, 2); Kang, Ning (1); Xu, Yang (1); Li, Yikai (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Collaborative Innovation Center for Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing; 100081, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 341-348
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: For a turbocharged diesel engine, the differential pressure in the intake port is up to 60~80 kPa during the intake stroke, and the gas compressibility needs to be considered. Therefore, a formula of the discharge coefficient with consideration of the gas compressibility was theoretically derived and compared with the Ricardo’s formula. Furthermore, the steady flow simulation models of the direct intake port were established, and the effects of intake pressure and differential pressure on steady flow characteristics were studied. Results showed that when the compressibility of gas in the intake port became stronger, the calculation values of Ricardo’s formula were deviated from the true value much more, so the Ricardo’s formula cannot be used for the performance evaluation of the intake port in turbocharged diesel engines any more. However, the derived formula can be still applied to the flow capacity evaluation calculation. From the investigation of the steady flow characteristics, the influence of the compressibility on the air motion was irrelevant to the intake pressure, but it was relevant to r (differential pressure divided by the intake pressure), and with the increase of r, the influence was enhanced. When r was the same, with the increase of intake pressure, Caver(mean discharge coefficient) was increased. When intake pressure was the same, with the increase of r, Caverwas firstly increased and then decreased. Thus under each intake pressure, with the variation of r, there was a peak, and the corresponding r was called rmax. With the increase of intake pressure, rmaxwas approximately decreased linearly.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Diesel engines
Controlled terms: Air intakes - Compressibility - Compressibility of gases - Engines - Steady flow
Uncontrolled terms: Derived formulae - Differential pressures - Discharge coefficients - Evaluation formula - Flow charac-teristics - Gas compressibilities - Intake pressure - Turbocharged diesel engine
Classification code: 612.2 Diesel Engines
Diesel Engines
- 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
- 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Pressure 6.00e+04Pa to 8.00e+04Pa
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.045
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
17. Drying Characteristics and Mathematical Models of Chinese Wolfberry in DC High Voltage Electric Field
Accession number: 20174104253163
Authors: Ding, Changjiang (1); Yang, Maosheng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Science, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Huhhot; 010051, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 302-311
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to explore the new drying technology of Chinese wolfberry, improve the quality of dried Chinese wolfberry, and find suitable mathematical model, the drying experiments were carried out for Chinese wolfberry fruits with a multiple needle-to-plate electrode at 0 kV, 22 kV, 28 kV, 34 kV, 40 kV and 45 kV at the same temperature and humidity in DC high voltage electric field. The shrinkage rate, rehydration rate, polysaccharides and vitamin C content of the dried wolfberry fruits were measured. The mass transfer enhancement factor, the effective moisture diffusion coefficient (Deff) and the specific energy consumption were also calculated. Ten mathematical models were then applied to simulate drying curves based on three statistical parameters. The results showed that the drying rate of Chinese wolfberry fruits in the DC high voltage electric field was higher than that of the control. Under the same voltage, the drying rate of the Chinese wolfberry was gradually changed with the prolonging of drying time. The drying rate and specific energy consumption were increased with the increase of voltage. By ANOVA, the results showed that Chinese wolfberry fruits in the DC high voltage electric field had a significant effect on rehydration rate compared with control (p0.05). DC high voltage electric field drying could keep more polysaccharides and vitamin C content compared with oven drying. The mass transfer enhancement factor was heightened with the increase of voltage, and the effective moisture diffusion coefficient (Deff) values were increased with the increase of voltage. It was clear that all ten mathematical models could satisfactorily describe drying curves of Chinese wolfberry fruits treated by DC high voltage electric field. From the statistical result, the Midill and Kucuk model was selected as the best model to represent the drying characteristics of Chinese wolfberry fruits in the DC high voltage electric field. Microstructure detection indicated that the microstructure of Chinese wolfberry fruits was changed in the DC high voltage electric field. Those results may provide some clues and practical guidance for optimizing the process of drying Chinese wolfberry fruits in DC high voltage electric field drying system, improving the drying efficiency and promoting the development of Chinese wolfberry fruits drying technology.
Number of references: 31
Main heading: HVDC power transmission
Controlled terms: Diffusion - Drying - Electric fields - Energy utilization - Fruits - Mass transfer - Mathematical models - Microstructure - Moisture - Polysaccharides - Shrinkage
Uncontrolled terms: Drying rates - High voltage electric field - Mass transfer enhancement factor - Microstructure detections - Moisture diffusion coefficient - Specific energy consumption - Temperature and humidities - Wolfberry fruits
Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization
Energy Utilization
- 641.3 Mass Transfer
Mass Transfer
- 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
- 706.1.1 Electric Power Transmission
Electric Power Transmission
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Voltage 4.00e+04V, Voltage 4.50e+04V, Voltage 0.00e+00V, Voltage 2.20e+04V, Voltage 2.80e+04V, Voltage 3.40e+04V
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.040
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
18. Research Status and Prospect of Control Technology for Residual Plastic Film Pollution in Farmland
Accession number: 20174104253124
Authors: Zhao, Yan (1); Chen, Xuegeng (1); Wen, Haojun (1); Zheng, Xuan (1); Niu, Qi (2); Kang, Jianming (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) Mechanical Equipment Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi; 832000, China; (2) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Chen, Xuegeng(chenxg130@sina.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 1-14
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Plastic film mulching cultivation has been widely used in agricultural production due to the benefits such as increasing soil temperature, reducing weed pressure and certain insect pest and improving crop yields. The plastic film mulching area in China is more than 20 million hm2and this technology provides significant support for the crop yield improvement and food security. Residual plastic film in soil is increased in quantity with the increase of mulching duration and area, and the residual plastic film pollution had seriously threatened agricultural production and natural environment, which has become a prominent problem affecting the sustainable development of agricultural production in China. The technology and equipment of residual plastic film at home and abroad was reviewed, the representative model and structure of residual plastic film collecting machine which used in different periods, including pre-sowing stage, seeding stage and autumn film collection stage were summarized in detail, and their merits and demerits were analyzed. Then the foreign policies and regulations on the collection and management of agricultural plastic film and domestic policies for residual plastic film pollution control were systematically summarized. Finally, the current research feature in this field was summarized and future development direction was shown clearly based on policy, technology and demand of agricultural sustainable development. Corresponding technology and scheme of residual plastic film control for China’s national conditions were proposed as following: replacing ordinary non-degradable film with degradable film; guaranteeing the mechanized collection of ordinary plastic film, especially establishing the completely mechanized collection system for residual plastic film; opening up the new channel for reusing residual plastic film. In conclusion, development of the residual plastic film collecting machine with good quality and high reliability is important guarantees to control residual plastic film pollution, and research on innovative reuse technology of residual film is an inevitable trend.
Number of references: 83
Main heading: Pollution control
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Control - Crops - Cultivation - Environmental protection - Food supply - Planning - Plastic films - Pollution - Quality control - Sustainable development
Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural plastic films - Agricultural productions - Control technologies - Development directions - National conditions - Natural environments - Plastic film mulching - Technology and equipments
Classification code: 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection
Environmental Impact and Protection
- 817.1 Polymer Products
Polymer Products
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 822.3 Food Products
Food Products
- 912.2 Management
Management
- 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
Quality Assurance and Control
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.001
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
19. Down-scaling Transformation of Vegetation Temperature Condition Index Using Median Fusion Model
Accession number: 20174104253136
Authors: Wang, Pengxin (1); Liu, Jiao (1); Li, Li (1); Zhang, Shuyu (2); Xie, Yi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Shaanxi Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Xi’an; 710014, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 100-108
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Vegetation temperature condition index (VTCI) is proved to be a quantitative drought monitoring approach by using the high temporal resolution remotely sensed data. However, with low temporal resolution data, the monitoring results are relatively wet and dry. A new model called the median fusion model (MFM) was developed for spatially down-scaling the coarse spatial quantitative VTCI (1 km) derived from the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data products and the relative VTCI (30 m) derived from the Landsat OLI/TIRS products in the Guanzhong Plain, China to a scale of the quantitative drought monitoring results (30 m) called MFM-VTCI, and their quantifications were proved. The results showed that the good agreements between the MFM-VTCIs and the Landsat-VTCIs were found in terms of correlation coefficient and structural similarity index (SSIM) values, and the two VTCIs had similar spatial distribution and texture features. The root mean square error (RMSE) and the differences between the MFM-VTCIs and the Landsat-VTCIs were consistent with the systematic error between the quantitative drought monitoring results and the relatively wet and dry monitoring results, indicating that it was comparable between the MFM-VTCIs and the Landsat-VTCIs. The correlation coefficients between the MFM-VTCIs and the cumulative precipitation were similar to those between the MODIS-VTCIs and the cumulative precipitation, which were larger than those between the Landsat-VTCIs and the cumulative precipitation, indicating that the down-scaled MFM-VTCIs were quantitative drought monitoring results.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Condition monitoring
Controlled terms: Drought - Mean square error - Monitoring - Radiometers - Remote sensing - Satellite imagery - Vegetation
Uncontrolled terms: Down-scaling - Drought monitoring - Fusion model - LANDSAT - MODIS data - Vegetation temperature condition index
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
- 655.2 Satellites
Satellites
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
- 944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments
Radiation Measuring Instruments
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.00e+03m, Size 3.00e+01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.013
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
20. Irrigation Scheduling Based on Moisture and Electric Conductivity Sensors in Organic Culture of Cucumber
Accession number: 20174104253157
Authors: Li, Youli (1); Guo, Wenzhong (1); Zhao, Qian (1); Li, Yinkun (1); Yang, Ziqiang (2); Xue, Xuzhang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Centre of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Management Committee of Wuzhong National Agricultural Sci-Tech Garden in Ningxia, Wuzhong; 751100, China
Corresponding author: Xue, Xuzhang(xuexz@nercita.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 263-270
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: An experiment was carried out to study irrigation schedule based on moisture and electric conductivity (EC) sensors in cucumber production based on organic culture. Coconut bran was the substrate of cultivation. Three irrigation strategies were implemented which was scheduled by digital timer (CK), moisture sensors (T1), as well as moisture and EC sensors together (T2). Coir moisture content, EC of input nutrient solution and drainage were monitored, which was used to determine irrigation volume. The growth parameters were measured, including SPAD value of leaves, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rates, fruit quality and yield, as well as irrigation amount, and production efficiency of consumed nutrient solution was calculated. The results showed that under the three irrigation strategies, difference in plant growth, yield and quality of harvested cucumber was insignificant. Total irrigation amount of T2 was 49.08% less than that of CK, and 31.85% less than that of T1. Use efficiency of nutrient solution of T2 was 103.92% higher than that of CK and 60.59% more than that of T1, respectively. In conclusion, the irrigation strategy based on incorporated application of moisture and EC sensors offered better nutrient solution use efficiency. The strategy can be used in automatic management of nutrient solution supply in organic culture of cucumber in greenhouse.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Moisture control
Controlled terms: Efficiency - Electric conductivity - Electric conductivity measurement - Irrigation - Moisture - Moisture meters - Nutrients - Plants (botany)
Uncontrolled terms: Cucumber - Irrigation schedule - Moisture sensors - Organic cultivations - Organic nutrients
Classification code: 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
- 913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
- 942.2 Electric Variables Measurements
Electric Variables Measurements
- 944.1 Moisture Measuring Instruments
Moisture Measuring Instruments
- 944.2 Moisture Measurements
Moisture Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.19e+01%, Percentage 4.91e+01%, Percentage 6.06e+01%, Percentage 1.04e+02%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.034
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
21. Path Analysis of Cold Resistance Measured by EIS and EL Methods with Physiological Indicators of Peach Trees
Accession number: 20174104253150
Authors: Qian, Ji (1); Zhou, Juan (2); Di, Bao (1); Ding, Tianran (3); Zhang, Haiwang (4); Chen, Haijiang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding; 071001, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding; 071001, China; (3) School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu; 80101, Finland; (4) The Afforestation Research Institute in Arid Zones of Liaoning Province, Chaoyang; 122000, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 210-216
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to find scientific statistic method to analyze physiological indicators of cold resistance of peach trees (Prunus persica L.). The relations among cold resistance and the four physiological indicators, including soluble sugar, proline, starch and water contents were studied by path analysis. Cold resistance was determined by parameters of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrolytic leakage (EL). Shoots of 8-year-old peach trees were collected for the experiment from Shibei Village (Heibei Province, China, 37°96’N, 115°44’E, altitude of 31 m). The results showed that parameter of EIS had a direct relation to proline and soluble sugar contents, with -0.35 and -0.61 (Pe) was the most significant parameter that can reflect cold resistance of peach trees. The results also indicated that path analysis was a reasonable, scientific statistic method to analyze relations to physiological indicators for cold resistance. The results of this experiment can be applied to study the correlation analysis of cold resistance of peach trees and the physiological indicators, as well as increasing the effectiveness and accuracy of selecting physical indicators.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Fruits
Controlled terms: Forestry - Physiology - Regression analysis - Water content
Uncontrolled terms: Cold resistance - Correlation analysis - Electrical impedance spectroscopy - Path analysis - Peach trees - Physical indicators - Physiological indicators - Soluble sugar contents
Classification code: 461.9 Biology
Biology
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Age 8.00e+00yr, Size 3.10e+01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.027
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
22. Effects of Red and Blue LED Irradiation in Different Alternating Frequencies on Growth and Quality of Lettuce
Accession number: 20174104253156
Authors: Chen, Xiaoli (1); Yang, Qichang (2); Ma, Taiguang (3); Xue, Xuzhang (1); Qiao, Xiaojun (1); Guo, Wenzhong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Centre of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (3) College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu; 030801, China
Corresponding author: Guo, Wenzhong(guowz@nercita.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 257-262
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Lettuce was grown in the fully artificial light plant factory, where adjustable red and blue LED panels were used as the sole light source for lettuce growth. Red and blue light with different alternating frequencies were provided to test plant responses to the alternating red and blue lights. Meanwhile, concurrent red and blue light treatments were set as controls. Results were analyzed in terms of the growth dynamics, and the accumulation of biomass, photosynthesis pigments, soluble sugar, crude protein, vitamin C contents as well as nitrate content in lettuce. The results showed that based on the same energy consumption, alternating red and blue lights with the frequency of one time (R/B1) in a 16 h period promoted the accumulation of biomass, soluble sugar and crude protein contents, while alternating red and blue lights with the frequency of four times (R/B4) in a 16 h period enhanced the vitamin C content and decreased nitrate content of lettuce. Among all the treatments, the highest chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were both detected under R/B1 or R/B4 treatments, no significant difference existed between the two treatments for the pigment content. Therefore, the focal point was the comparison of red and blue lights provided at the same time and those provided separately with different alternating intervals based on the same daily light integral. The goal was to determine the effects of different radiation modes of red and blue LED lights on the growth and quality of lettuce. The alternating modes would provide methods for deeply studying the relationship of red and blue lights when acting on plants. Meanwhile, the selection of light formula based on the same energy consumption was more acceptable in practical production.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Light emitting diodes
Controlled terms: Concurrency control - Ecology - Energy utilization - Light sources - Nitrates - Proteins - Radiation effects
Uncontrolled terms: Alternating frequency - Daily light integrals - Lettuce - Photosynthesis pigments - Plant factory - Practical production - Red and blue light - Vitamin c contents
Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Ecology and Ecosystems
- 525.3 Energy Utilization
Energy Utilization
- 714.2 Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits
Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing: Time 5.76e+04s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.033
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
23. Analysis of Stiffness Characteristics of Soft Arm
Accession number: 20174104252739
Authors: Xiang, Chaoqun (1); Hao, Li’na (1); Zhang, Ying (1); Guo, Shaofei (1); Li, Cunfeng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110819, China
Corresponding author: Hao, Li’na(haolina@me.neu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 407-412
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Soft robot arm driven by pneumatic artificial muscles can possess the ability of high ratio of power to weight, important for performance and light weight, and a vital component of the inherent safety approach to physical human-robot interaction. One of the main drawbacks of pneumatically actuated soft arm is that their stiffness cannot be varied independently from their position in space. Based on these reasons, a novel variable stiffness soft robotic arm composed of both three contractile and one extensor pneumatic artificial muscles was presented. This arm combined the light weight, high ratio of power to weight and robustness of pneumatic actuation with the adaptability and versatility, and stiffness can be adjusted independently of its length. Experiment platform of single contractile and extensor pneumatic artificial muscles was setup, and the static characteristic was identified for contractile and extensor pneumatic artificial muscles through quasi-static experiments. By using the least square method, the relational model of pressure, distance and stiffness for single contractile and extensor pneumatic artificial muscles was established. In order to analyze the stiffness characteristic of this arm, stiffness model of the designed soft arm was established. Stiffness experiment platform of this soft arm was setup. Experiment data was compared with theoretical model, and they possessed the same trend, the mean relative error was 3.60%, and the maximum relative error was 6.17%.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Stiffness
Controlled terms: Experiments - Human robot interaction - Least squares approximations - Muscle - Pneumatic drives - Pneumatics - Pulse amplitude modulation - Robotic arms - Robots
Uncontrolled terms: Maximum relative errors - Physical human-robot interactions - Pneumatic artificial muscle - Quasi-static experiments - Soft robot - Static characteristic - Static stiffness - Stiffness characteristics
Classification code: 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
- 632.3 Pneumatics
Pneumatics
- 632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery
Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery
- 731.5 Robotics
Robotics
- 901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
- 921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical Methods
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.60e+00%, Percentage 6.17e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.054
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
24. Analysis of Water Utilization in Grain Production from Water Footprint Perspective in Heilongjiang Province
Accession number: 20174104253147
Authors: Fu, Qiang (1); Liu, Ye (1); Li, Tianxiao (1); Cui, Song (1); Liu, Dong (1); Cheng, Kun (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 184-192
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to provide decision-making references for the allocation of available water resources in Heilongjiang Province, water footprint theory was used to calculate the grain water footprint during 2007-2012 in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, and the water utilization of food crops was analyzed in Heilongjiang Province during 2007-2012. The results showed that water consumption of grain production was huge, which was increased instantly over the years in Heilongjiang Province. Grain water footprint was less than the water requirement for per unit yield in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, and water shortage was serious in the process of grain crop production in some areas. Through spatial autocorrelation analysis, it showed that the grain green water footprint and the grain blue water footprint of Heilongjiang Province in 2007-2012 both had spatial clustering between similar values. The grain yield of Heilongjiang Farms & Land Reclamation Administration was high, but the ratio of grain blue water footprint was also high, and the grain production was more dependent on irrigation water resources, the water consumption was great. There were significant differences in the spatial distribution of grain water footprint in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, which was generally high in the northeast and low in the southwest. In the six years, the average grain water footprints were 1.15 m3/kg, 1.01 m3/kg, 1.32 m3/kg, 1.04 m3/kg, 0.91 m3/kg and 0.83 m3/kg, respectively. The blue water footprint of grain was significantly lower than that of the green water footprint in Heilongjiang Province, and grain production was highly dependent on the green water resources. In the six years, the average grain blue water footprint ratios were 33.91%, 31.68%, 25.76%, 29.81%, 32.97% and 33.73%, respectively. Due to the significant reduction of grain yield per unit area in 2009, the years of 2007-2012 was divided into two distinct periods of 2007-2008 and 2009-2012. The grain water footprint had the trend of decreasing year by year during the two periods, and the water use efficiency of grain production in the two periods were increased year by year. From the perspective of grain water footprint, the situation of water use in grain production in different areas of Heilongjiang Province was discussed. It can effectively reflect the grain crop production and water resources utilization efficiency, and provide technical support for the water management in grain production in Heilongjiang Province.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Water resources
Controlled terms: Crops - Cultivation - Decision making - Decision theory - Efficiency - Grain (agricultural product) - Irrigation - Land reclamation - Spatial distribution - Spatial variables measurement - Water management - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms: Distribution of grains - Heilongjiang - Spatial autocorrelation analysis - Spatial clustering - Water footprint - Water requirements - Water resources utilizations - Water use efficiency
Classification code: 442.2 Land Reclamation
Land Reclamation
- 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
- 446.1 Water Supply Systems
Water Supply Systems
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 912.2 Management
Management
- 913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
Mechanical Variables Measurements
- 961 Systems Science
Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.58e+01%, Percentage 2.98e+01%, Percentage 3.17e+01%, Percentage 3.30e+01%, Percentage 3.37e+01%, Percentage 3.39e+01%, Specific_Volume 1.01e+00m3/kg, Specific_Volume 1.04e+00m3/kg, Specific_Volume 1.15e+00m3/kg, Specific_Volume 1.32e+00m3/kg, Specific_Volume 8.30e-01m3/kg, Specific_Volume 9.10e-01m3/kg
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.024
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
25. Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Maize Water Budget Based on Combined Model in Liaoning Province
Accession number: 20174104253148
Authors: Wei, Xinguang (1); Wang, Tieliang (1); Liu, Chuncheng (2); Nie, Zhenyi (3); Li, Bo (1); Yao, Mingze (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China; (2) Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang; 453002, China; (3) College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Tieliang(tieliangwang@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 193-202
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Water budget is an essential parameter for crop water management and optimal allocation of the regional agricultural water resources. Long-term observations of meteorological data were collected from 1955 to 2014 in 27 agricultural meteorological stations in Liaoning Province, and relevant physiological information of maize was also recorded. Through analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of evapotranspiration (ET) and water budget of maize, the results were got as follows: ET of maize reached the highest in west of Liaoning Province (greater than 380 mm), while the lowest was obtained in south of Liaoning Province (less than 345 mm). The trend of water budget was increased from northwest to southeast of Liaoning Province, and water deficit was quite common in western part. There was a decreasing trend of yearly water budget within the whole Liaoning Province, which significantly happened in west and north of Liaoning Province (UF0.05/2=1.96), and very significantly happened in middle of Liaoning Province (UF=-2.890.01/2=-2.58), their decrease rate reached 19.465 mm/10 a. Water budget determined by the typical year method were higher than that determined by the virtual year method in most of the research sites (55.6%~81.5%). Among different hydrological years, the consistence of the results from high to low showed as follows: wet year, dry year, drought year and normal year. Besides, their difference was found to be lower than 30 mm in most of the research sites (48%~74%). In order to improve the accuracy of corn water budget in Liaoning Province, a combination model was used. The results showed that with the increase of hydrological frequency (from wet to dry of hydrological year), regions showing water deficit were increased gradually. There was only water deficit in Chaoyang region in wet year, but in drought years it was widely expanded to the whole province except Benxi City and Dandong City in east of Liaoning Province.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Budget control
Controlled terms: Agriculture - Drought - Meteorology - Spatial distribution - Water management - Water resources
Uncontrolled terms: Liaoning Province - Maize - Projection pursuits - Spatial and temporal distribution - Virtual year method - Water budget
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Size 3.00e-02m, Size 3.45e-01m, Size 3.80e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.025
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
26. Analysis of Main Influencing Factors and Modeling of Photosynthetic Rate for Cucumber at Initial Flowering Stage
Accession number: 20174104253154
Authors: Zhang, Haihui (1, 2); Zhang, Zhen (1, 2); Zhang, Siwei (1, 2); Hu, Jin (1, 2); Xin, Pingping (1, 2); Wang, Zhiyong (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 242-248
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Crop photosynthetic rate is under the influence of physiological and ecological interactions, which could impact plants’ whole growth cycle. Aiming to demonstrate the main affecting factors of photosynthetic rate for cucumber at initial flowering stage and build a high-efficiency photosynthetic rate predicting model by combining the main factors with intelligence algorithm. Firstly, eight typical affecting factors were selected and a multi-factor coupling test was designed. Among the eight factors, photon flux density, temperature and CO2concentration were set at 16, 5, 6 gradients, respectively. Under each gradients combination, the values of stomatal conductance, relative humidity and difference of vapour pressure were measured by gas analyzer Li-6400XT. Besides, chlorophyll was measured by analyzer SPAD-502Plus and nitrogen was measured by analyzer TYS-4N. Meanwhile, photosynthetic rate was measured by Li-6400XT. Secondly, correlation analysis method was employed to find out the main affecting factors. Results showed that the five factors of photon flux density, CO2concentration, temperature, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll were correlated with photosynthetic rate of cucumber at initial flowering stage significantly. Then a combination algorithm of genetic algorithm and radial basis function neural network (GA-RBF) was adopted to build photosynthetic rate prediction model under these five main factors, while genetic algorithm (GA) was employed to optimize the propagation speed of radial basis function (RBF) neural network. Finally, XOR checkup method was used to analyze the prediction model performances with the five main affecting factors and the total eight factors. It showed that the model with five main factors had an obviously higher prediction accuracy than the one with eight factors, while the determination coefficient of photosynthetic rate between actually measured and calculated values reached 0.997 6, the maximum absolute error was 1.008 6 μmol/(m2•s), and the mean absolute error was 0.350 9 μmol/(m2•s). As a conclusion, the approach proposed for predicting photosynthetic rate of cucumber at initial flowering stage not only predigested model complexity but also improved the prediction accuracy, which may hold potential applications for cucumber growth environment regulation in greenhouse.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Factor analysis
Controlled terms: Bacteriology - Carbon dioxide - Chlorophyll - Correlation methods - Environmental impact - Forecasting - Functions - Genetic algorithms - Photons - Radial basis function networks
Uncontrolled terms: Correlation analysis - Environmental impact factors - Photosynthetic rate - Prediction model - RBF Neural Network
Classification code: 454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection
Environmental Impact and Protection
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
- 931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics
Atomic and Molecular Physics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.031
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
27. Interaction Relationship between Soil and Very Narrow Tine during Penetration Process
Accession number: 20174104253129
Authors: You, Yong (1); He, Changbin (1); Wang, Decheng (1, 2); Wang, Guanghui (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant Systematic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Decheng(wdc@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 50-58
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the development of the conservation tillage technology and low disturbance soil treatment, new tillage tools like narrow or very narrow tines are applied more often. In order to provide theoretical supports for the design and optimization of tillage tools and key components, and enrich the theory system of soil-tool interaction, the very narrow tine-soil interaction was investigated, especially during the penetration process. Two tines with different cutting edge shapes were designed and a special test bed was set up based on the soil bin test bench as well. Soil failure mechanism was analyzed. The resistances of the two tines were recorded, analyzed and compared in the penetration stage. And the resistance prediction mechanical models were proposed. The mean resistance sources of the tines were found by analyzing the tines resistance mechanical models. The contact areas of the very narrow tines in different depths were measured and calculated by using the CATIA three-dimensional design software, and the relationships between the resistances and contact areas were analyzed as well. Results indicated that soil failure was mainly caused by the stress field and velocity field in the soil-tine interaction. Mechanical components of soil cohesive, pressure, friction and adhesion were the main resistance sources of the tines. The forces between the tines and soil can be predicted by the soil mechanical components. The prediction models can well reflect the tendency between the resistances and the depth in the tines working processes. Furthermore, the results indicated that there was a nonlinear relationship between the resistance and soil-tine contact area with certain soil property parameters. The tine geometry parameter became an important influence factor of the resistance.
Number of references: 33
Main heading: Soil testing
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Compaction - Electric arc welding - Failure (mechanical) - Forecasting - Soil conservation - Soils - Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Interaction relationship - Narrow tine - Prediction model - Soil failure - Soil tillage
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 538.2.1 Welding Processes
Welding Processes
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.006
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
28. Growth Kinetics and Carbon Utilization Analysis of Pseudomonas fragi from Fish
Accession number: 20174104253165
Authors: Guo, Quanyou (1); Xiu, Yanhui (1, 2); Wang, Lumin (1); Jiang, Chaojun (1); Wang, Lei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai; 200090, China; (2) College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai; 201306, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Lumin(lmwang@ecsf.ac.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 319-327
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Pseudomonas fragi is one of the specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) in aquatic food, especially in refrigeration stage. Aiming to investigate carbon utilization of P. fragi at different temperatures and study the effect of pH value, NaCl and sodium lactate on growth of P. fragi based on the kinetics of colour formation. Firstly, bacterial suspension was inoculated in Biolog GEN III plates, respectively incubating at different temperatures (15, 25 and 33). Then the data were fitted by the modified Gompertz equation and kinetic parameters were estimated. Through kinetic parameters (maximum specific growth rate and lag phase), and combining utilization area (S) and average well colour development (AWCD) value, the effect of carbon source utilization at different temperatures and environment factors on P. fragi was analyzed. Results showed that at 25 P. fragi had the highest carbon utilization and activity ability, which was followed by 15, and the lowest value was got at 33. At 15~33, P. fragi mainly used carbohydrates, amino acids and carboxylic acids. Moreover, the effect of changes of different temperatures on various kinds of carbon sources utilization was obvious, while the effect of changes of different temperatures on utilization rates was not obvious. In carbohydrates α-D-glucose, L-fucose, sucrose and D-mannitol could be better utilizated. In amino acids L-pyroglutamic acid, D-serine, L-alanine, L-glutamic acid could be better utilized. And in carboxylic acids quinic acid, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, D-saccharic acid, L-malic acid were better utilized. At 15 the pH value was kept at 6.0 or 5.0, which the color maximum rates of color development were close, while at 25, pH value of 6.0 was far greater than at pH value of 5.0, and at 33 at any pH value, the growth of P. fragi was inhibited. At 15~25, 4%~8% NaCl and at 33, 1%~8% NaCl or pH value of 6.0 or pH value of 5.0, the growth of P. fragi was inhibited, and at 15~25, 1% NaCl or pH value of 6.0, pH value of 5.0 and at 33, 1% NaL the growth of P. fragi was promoted. The antibacterial effect on P. fragi and carbon utilization was analyzed which can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing product formulation and guaranteeing product quality.
Number of references: 44
Main heading: Growth kinetics
Controlled terms: Amino acids - Aquatic organisms - Bacteria - Carbohydrates - Carboxylic acids - Color - Glucose - Kinetic parameters - Kinetics - pH - Spoilage
Uncontrolled terms: Antibacterial effects - Bacterial suspensions - Carbon utilization - Environmental factors - Maximum specific growth rates - Modified gompertz equations - Pseudomonas fragi - Specific spoilage organisms
Classification code: 461.9 Biology
Biology
- 471 Marine Science and Oceanography
Marine Science and Oceanography
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 801.1 Chemistry, General
Chemistry, General
- 804.1 Organic Compounds
Organic Compounds
- 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.042
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
29. Assessment System for Organic Vegetables Certification Risk Based on Catastrophe Progression Method
Accession number: 20174104253143
Authors: Zhang, Lingxian (1, 2); Gu, Dongyue (1); Chen, Cheng (1); Zou, Chunyu (1); Li, Xinxing (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Standardization (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Li, Xinxing(lxxcau@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 152-158
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In recent years, with the improvement of people’s living standards, organic products with health, ecology, safety advantages, have become a hot in consumer market. However, in the current market environment, the organic product was mixed, causing a crisis of confidence of consumers. Production processes are the ultimately problem. The organic certification is just beginning in China. Thus there is a greater risk when the certification bodies certificating the production process, affecting certification result. Aiming at the problems of lack of integrity and effectiveness of the organic vegetables production certification, and less of quantitative assessment method for the organic vegetables certification risk, according to the basic principle of catastrophe progression method and the national standard of organic product, combining with the production of organic vegetables, the organic vegetables certification risk evaluation index system was built, the three-tie architecture model of organic vegetables certification risk assessment was put forward based on catastrophe progression method, the qualitative factors were quantified, certification risk was assessed and the organic vegetables certification risk assessment system was designed based on catastrophe progression method. By testing the practical application of the system, the model can assess organic vegetables certification risk efficiently and show the key certification risk impact point at the same time. The research improved the integrity and effectiveness of organic vegetables certification, provided risk management recommendations for the management of organic vegetable production, and provided scientific basis for the relevant functional departments to supervise the production of organic vegetables.
Number of references: 12
Main heading: Risk assessment
Controlled terms: Commerce - Risk management - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms: Architecture modeling - Assessment system - Catastrophe progression method - Certification bodies - Production process - Qualitative factors - Quantitative assessment methods - Vegetable productions
Classification code: 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.020
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
30. Design and Experiment on Automatic Steering Control System of Friction Drive for Tractor
Accession number: 20174104253127
Authors: Zhang, Wenyu (1); Ding, Youchun (1, 2); Wang, Lei (1); Wan, Xingyu (1); Lei, Xiaolong (1); Liao, Qingxi (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan; 430070, China; (2) Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha; 410128, China
Corresponding author: Liao, Qingxi(liaoqx@mail.hzau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 32-40
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: An automatic steering control system of friction drive for tractor was designed to solve the problem that traditional automatic steering control system was too complex to be installed on 2BFQ-6 type direct-seeding combined dual purpose planter. A four connecting rods parallel institutions was used to develop the steering control device of friction drive for achieving fast mode switching. Meanwhile, the friction drive was simple in operation and convenient in installation by using the clamping installation method. The discrete simulation model of tire steering maneuver was established based on slip characteristics of the device. The simulation model was adopted to design the genetic algorithm optimizer, which could optimize the controller parameters online. The self-adaptation controller was adapted to control the automatic steering device of friction drive. The experiment on LX854-DFH tractor was used to analyze the performance of genetic algorithm optimizer. The experimental results showed that rise and regulation response time of the genetic algorithm optimization controller was decreased by 15% and 29% compared with the fixed parameter controller, respectively. The measured 20° step responses indicated that the average regulation time was 2.4 s, the average absolute steady-state error was 0.197°, and there was no steady state oscillation, when the experimental results were recorded. The automatic steering control system of friction drive could be applied to control nosewheel steering turning of 2BFQ-6 type direct-seeding combined dual purpose planter for rapeseed.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Controllers
Controlled terms: Control rods - Control systems - Friction - Fuzzy control - Genetic algorithms - Optimization - Parameter estimation - Seed - Tractors (agricultural) - Tractors (truck) - Tribology
Uncontrolled terms: Automatic steering control - Discrete simulation model - Friction drive - Genetic-algorithm optimizations - Nosewheel - Parameter controllers - Self adaptation - Steady state oscillation
Classification code: 621 Nuclear Reactors
Nuclear Reactors
- 663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles
Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles
- 731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications
Automatic Control Principles and Applications
- 731.1 Control Systems
Control Systems
- 732.1 Control Equipment
Control Equipment
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
- 931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 2.90e+01%, Time 2.40e+00s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.004
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
31. Research Progress on Pollution and Monitoring Technology of Particulate Matter from Livestock and Poultry Farms
Accession number: 20174104253153
Authors: Wang, Kaiying (1); Dai, Shengyan (1); Wang, Lingjuan (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China; (2) Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh; NC; 27695-7625, United States
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 232-241
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the rapid development of livestock and poultry in recent decades, emissions of particulate matter (PM) from animal production facilities have became increasing concern due to its adverse effect on the health and welfare of humans and animals, as well as the environment. The state-of-the-art-of the source, characteristics, harm, the related standards and control technologies of PM in livestock farms were reviewed. Knowledge on the sources, the physicochemical and biological characteristics, diffusion models and reduction techniques of PM from livestock and poultry farms can be used to identify and quantify sources of PM, evaluate effects of PM and develop adequate abatement strategies of PM in animal farms. The monitoring technology of PM based on its complicated characteristics was stated. Mass concentration and PSD of PM could be measured by weighing, optical, aerodynamic and electronic methods. Three techniques of monitoring components of PM from animal farms currently were introduced in detail, including ion chromatography, X-ray spectrometry and thermal optical analysis. Identification techniques of microorganism in PM were mentioned briefly, including gram method staining, metabolic analysis and ribosome profiling. The source control technology, process control technology and end control technology of PM from livestock and poultry farms were briefed, cost effective adequate reduction technologies and strategies of PM in Chinese animal farms needed to be developed. Further research to characterize, assess health risk on animals and humans, and control PM in animal farms was discussed.
Number of references: 79
Main heading: Agriculture
Controlled terms: Air pollution - Air quality - Animals - Cost effectiveness - Health risks - Ion chromatography - Pollution - Pollution detection - Risk assessment
Uncontrolled terms: Biological characteristic - Complicated characteristics - Identification techniques - Monitoring technologies - Particulate Matter - Poultry farms - Reduction technologies - Thermal-optical analysis
Classification code: 451 Air Pollution
Air Pollution
- 451.2 Air Pollution Control
Air Pollution Control
- 461.7 Health Care
Health Care
- 801 Chemistry
Chemistry
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 911.2 Industrial Economics
Industrial Economics
- 914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.030
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
32. Theoretical Analysis and Experiment on Flow Allocation Characteristics of Dual Discharging Axial Piston Pump
Accession number: 20174104253172
Authors: Zhang, Xiaogang (1); Yan, Zheng (1); Quan, Long (1); Liu, Yongchen (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Advance Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan; 030024, China; (2) College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen; 361005, China
Corresponding author: Quan, Long(quanlong@tyut.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 373-380 and 412
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: When providing two-way independent high-pressure high-flow oil sources, hydraulic system generally adopts two separate piston pumps or coaxial ones in series, causing complex structure and high cost. Therefore, single piston pump was proposed to achieve two-way high-pressure oil supply. Axial piston pump was designed with dual discharging inter-outer ring parallel allocation structure by changing cylinder structure, piston number, cap circuit and valve plate shape. Flow allocation structure was redesigned due to decreased single ring piston number, increased pressure shock and fluctuation in the chamber. Relief notch was cancelled in transition region from oil-discharging to oil-absorbing waist slots. After that, mismatch angle was increased to enlarge closed volume in chamber and reduce the pressure of unexhausted high-pressure oil in the interval between oil extraction and absorption. In transition region from oil-absorbing to oil-discharging waist slots, stepped flow area was used to replace original continuous flow area to weaken geometry requirements of relief notch. The optimized dual discharging flow allocation structure was conducted with theoretical analysis to establish dual discharging axial piston pump simulation model based on 45 mL axial piston pump structure. There was small pressure shock in outer race by analyzing pressure shock and output flow in single piston chamber. Compared with traditional flow allocation structure, dual discharging oil output had smaller pressure fluctuation rate. Based on this, the designed dual discharging axial piston pump was piloted. The pilot dual discharging oil pump was compared with the original 45 mL pump through pressure fluctuation, volumetric efficiency and noise tests. Result showed that the former had lower pressure fluctuation (decreased by 30%) and noise level, while its volumetric efficiency was not smaller than 92%. In general, the dual discharging axial piston pump can replace duplex pump to simplify system structure and reduce energy consumption. This new pump can also be used in closed circuit and differential cylinder hydraulic systems to make the system simpler and cost-effective.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Pistons
Controlled terms: Absorption - Cost effectiveness - Cylinders (shapes) - Energy utilization - Hydraulic equipment - Polypropylenes - Reciprocating pumps
Uncontrolled terms: Axial piston pump - Differential cylinder - Dual discharging - Flow distribution - Pressure fluctuation - Pressure pulsation - Reduce energy consumption - Volumetric efficiency
Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization
Energy Utilization
- 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components
Internal Combustion Engine Components
- 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
- 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery
Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery
- 802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
- 815.1.1 Organic Polymers
Organic Polymers
- 911.2 Industrial Economics
Industrial Economics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e+01%, Percentage 9.20e+01%, Volume 4.50e-05m3
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.049
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
33. Effect of Tyre Induced Soil Compaction on Soil Properties and Crop Root Growth under No-tillage System
Accession number: 20174104253145
Authors: Wang, Xianliang (1); Wang, Qingjie (1); Li, Hongwen (1); Li, Wenying (1); Niu, Qi (1); Chen, Wanzhi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Li, Hongwen(lhwen@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 168-175
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of tyre-induced soil compaction on soil properties and crop root system under no-tillage condition in North China, a three-year (2013-2016) field experiment was carried out in Hebei Province. Four treatments, including no-tillage (NT), compaction lane under no-tillage (CNT), subsoiling tillage under no-tillage (STNT) and subsoiling tillage in compaction lane under no tillage (CSNT), were performed with randomized complete block design, with three replications for each treatment. The effects of different treatment on soil aggregation, soil bulk density, soil penetration resistance, maize root dry weight and roots distribution were evaluated. According to the result, there was a cumulative effect on macroaggregates content over time in CNT treatment, the value of this indicator was gradually decreased from 2014 to 2016; in the meantime, it was increased with the increase of soil depth. It was also indicated that soil mean weight diameter (MWD) was significantly reduced under CNT treatment. The soil bulk density for all the four treatments was increased with soil depth from 2014 to 2016, and the soil bulk density throughout the 0~40 cm soil profile presented a descending order of CNT, NT, CSNT and STNT. The soil bulk density under CNT treatment at 10~40 cm depth was significantly increased by 14.2%(P3, 0.83 cm/cm3, 0.84 cm/cm3and 0.83 cm/cm3, respectively. Finally, it was concluded that the soil under no-tillage was less compacted in spite of the compaction from nature sedimentation and seeding, but the tire-induced compaction had a significant effect on soil properties and crop root growth under no-tillage, the subsoiling tillage could significantly decrease soil compaction. Although the no-tillage area can increase the soil bulk density and soil penetration resistance, the effect was negligible, and there was no need for loosening measures.
Number of references: 34
Main heading: Soils
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery - Agriculture - Compaction - Crops - Plants (botany) - Soil mechanics - Soil testing - Tires
Uncontrolled terms: Crop roots - No tillage - Soil compaction - Soil property - Subsoiling tillage
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 818.5 Rubber Products
Rubber Products
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.16e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 2.49e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 4.00e-01m, Size 1.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.022
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
34. Visualization for Representation of Red Wine Color Based on CIELAB Color Space
Accession number: 20174104253162
Authors: Li, Yunkui (1); Han, Fuliang (1); Zhang, Yulin (1); Wang, Hua (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Heyang Vitis-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Heyang; 715301, China
Corresponding author: Han, Fuliang(hanfl@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 296-301
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The existing methods of color representation are seldom reported to vividly describe and transmit wine color information. A new method was proposed to visually represent red wine color employing charts of colorfulness distribution, lightness distribution and feature color, as well as the visible absorption spectrum of a wine. A high-definition color plane determined by a*and b*axes when L*=60 was rendered in the CIELAB color space. The colorfulness distribution chart, carrying information of a*, b*, chroma and hue, was yielded when a*and b*color parameters of a wine were projected on this plane. The lightness distribution chart, indicating the light and shade degree of a wine, was rendered according to the L*value. The feature color chart, illustrating the true color of a wine under the condition of natural observation, made a comprehensive consideration of the effects of L*, a*and b*parameters. A comparative trial of the new visualized method and a traditional analysis of the CIELAB parameters was carried out to describe the color of 10 Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon wines from representative regions of China. The results showed that the new method presented the CIELAB parameters information completely and visually, and it also exhibited a specific feature color for each red wine impressively. There were significant differences of the charts of colorfulness distribution, lightness distribution, feature color and the visible absorption spectra between the wine samples. Besides, all wine samples encountered a problem that the color aged faster than expected.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Wine
Controlled terms: Absorption spectra - Absorption spectroscopy - Color - Electromagnetic wave absorption - Rendering (computer graphics)
Uncontrolled terms: Cabernet-Sauvignon - CIELab - Color features - Color parameter - Color representation - Color space - Red wine - Visible absorption spectra
Classification code: 711 Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic Waves
- 711.2 Electromagnetic Waves in Relation to Various Structures
Electromagnetic Waves in Relation to Various Structures
- 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 822.3 Food Products
Food Products
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.039
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
35. Evaluation and Calibration of Blaney-Criddle Method for Estimating Potential Evapotranspiration
Accession number: 20174104253144
Authors: Feng, Hao (1, 2); Liu, Xia (1, 3); Chu, Xiaosheng (1, 3); Ding, Dianyuan (4); Yu, Kun (1, 3); Li, Yi (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) Chinese National Academy of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Region, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) School of Hydraulic Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225009, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 159-167
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The objective was to improve the estimation accuracy of the Blaney-Criddle (BC) method to estimate potential evapotranspiration (ETp) in Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province, and search for some theoretical basis for the choice of formulas. The Penman (PE) method is widely used all over the world to estimate ETpsince it can provide the satisfactory estimations, but it also requires a lot of climatic variables and complicated nonlinear processes in computing ETp. Developing a simple and appropriate method with limited data is urgent. Accordingly, the Blaney-Criddle method was modified. The calibration process used the daily climatic data from 1960 to 1999 and the verification process used the daily climatic data from 2000 to 2015. The results showed that the BC method underestimated the values of monthly ETpwhen the temperature was low and the BC method overestimated the values of monthly ETpwhen the temperature was high. By modifying the original BC method, the slope of regression curve of ETpvalues between the PE method and modified BC method became 0.999 7 from 0.685. Moreover, the trend of ETpestimated by the modified BC method was more similar to that estimated by PE method. Compared with the PE method estimation results, the relative error of the ETpvalues estimated by modified BC method became 1.290%~3.630% from -18.022%~16.269%; the root mean square error of the ETpvalues decreased from 0.529~0.921 mm/d to 0.214~0.283 mm/d; the average deviation value became -0.001 121~0.000 737 mm/d from -0.063~0.601 mm/d; and the fitting decision coefficient increased from 0.942 to 0.966. It was found that the values of ETpestimated by the modified BC method agreed better with that estimated by the PE method by comparing the year and monthly ETpvalues. Therefore, the modified BC method can significantly improve the estimation accuracy of the ETpvalues and it is applicable in Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province in China.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Mean square error
Controlled terms: Calibration - Estimation - Evapotranspiration
Uncontrolled terms: Applicability - Blaney-Criddle method - Guanzhong region - Penman method - Potential evapotranspiration
Classification code: 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.021
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
36. Well-facilitied Capital Farmland Assignment Based on Land Quality Evaluation and LISA
Accession number: 20174104253137
Authors: Yang, Jianyu (1, 2); Du, Zhenrong (1, 2); Du, Zhenbo (1); Huang, Jingyao (1); Zhao, Long (1); Zhu, Dehai (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Agricultural Land Quality, Monitoring and Control, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing; 100035, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 109-115
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Well-facilitied capital farmland construction is an important measure to optimize the farmland spatial layout and improve the farmland infrastructure, and it also plays an important role in guaranteeing national food safety and modern agriculture development. Moreover, it could help to increase the cultivated land quality and productive capacity. Scientific and reasonable zoning of the construction area is an essential step of the construction itself. Therefore, taking Jiaozuo City, Henan Province as an example, the comprehensive quality evaluation system of cultivated land was built, and then the weight of each evaluation index was calculated by means of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then through coupling with technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) and local indicators of spatial association (LISA), some suggestions for construction of well-facilitied capital farmland zoning and timing sequence were put forward. The result showed that the overall quality of cultivated land in Jiaozuo City was good and it showed a strong positive correlation in spatial distribution. The area of cultivated land belonging to positive correlation reached 61.665% of the total cultivated land area. Besides, cultivated land quality attributes and spatial attributes were uniform. Using local indicators of spatial association, cultivated land can be divided into four well-facilitied capital farmland construction areas. According to the characteristics of different spatial autocorrelation types, the corresponding remedial measures and construction timing were put forward. With comprehensive consideration of the cultivated land in all kinds of properties, the research can provide basis for construction of well-facilitied capital farmland planning.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Farms
Controlled terms: Analytic hierarchy process - Land use - Quality control - Spatial variables measurement - Zoning
Uncontrolled terms: Analytic hierarchy process (ahp) - Comprehensive qualities - Cultivated land qualities - Farmland qualities - LISA - Positive correlations - Spatial autocorrelations - TOPSIS
Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development
Urban and Regional Planning and Development
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
Quality Assurance and Control
- 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
Mechanical Variables Measurements
- 961 Systems Science
Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 6.17e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.014
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
37. Prediction Methods and Characteristics of Flow for Moistube
Accession number: 20174104253151
Authors: Niu, Wenquan (1, 2); Zhang, Mingzhi (3); Xu, Jian (2); Zou, Xiaoyang (4); Zhang, Ruochan (1); Li, Yuan (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resource and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) Henan Provincial Water Conservancy Research Institute, Zhengzhou; 450000, China; (4) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 217-224 and 241
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to understand the main factors influencing the flow of moistube and determine the relationship between flow and pressure, in the case of different soil initial mass moisture contents(13.83%, 15.49%, 16.27% and 17.72%)and soil bulk densities(1.18 g/cm3, 1.21 g/cm3, 1.24 g/cm3and 1.26 g/cm3), the completely random experiment design in field of arable land was used to test the influence of different pressures (0 m, 0.1 m, 0.3 m, 0.7 m, 1.1 m and 2.1 m) on moistube flow. The results showed that the moistube had a weak and short duration of self-regulation function of flow with the change of soil moisture content, which was about 44 h. The moistube flow was increased quickly and then decreased to steady state, the soil moisture content was increased and then tended to stable state at the beginning of irrigation, it would be in steady state when after 48 h of irrigation. Moistube flow was significantly influenced by pressure, soil bulk density and soil initial mass moisture content. Moistube flow was mainly controlled by pressure, there was a significantly liner relationship between pressure and flow within a certain range (the water head was varied from 0 m to 2.1 m), the determination coefficient R2>0.85, when soil initial mass moisture content and bulk density was increased, moistube flow kept a downtrend, meanwhile the moistube flow change on the sensitivity of the working pressure was gradually decreased. Moistube flow coefficient k and flow b with zero pressure were not simply determined by the moistube’s characteristics in the model of liner relationship between pressure and flow. The soil initial mass moisture content and bulk density with moistube flow coefficient k showed a significant negative correlation respectively (P<0.05), bulk density with flow b with zero pressure had a significant negative correlation (P<0.05), Moistube flow coefficient k and flow b with zero pressure can be determined by soil initial mass moisture content and bulk density, thus the moistube flow can be predicted. According to correlation analysis and variance analysis, pressure was the most important factor affecting the moistube flow, then the soil bulk density and soil initial mass moisture content was the least.
Number of references: 38
Main heading: Moisture determination
Controlled terms: Irrigation - Moisture - Pressure - Soil moisture - Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Bulk density - Correlation analysis - Determination coefficients - Different pressures - Flow - Initial mass - Moistube - Negative correlation
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
- 931.1 Mechanics
Mechanics
- 944.2 Moisture Measurements
Moisture Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.18e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.21e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.24e+03kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.26e+03kg/m3, Percentage 1.38e+01%, Percentage 1.55e+01%, Percentage 1.63e+01%, Percentage 1.77e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.10e+00m, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.10e+00m, Size 2.10e+00m, Size 3.00e-01m, Size 7.00e-01m, Time 1.58e+05s, Time 1.73e+05s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.028
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
38. Design and Experiment on Gear Multi-pump and Multi-motor Driving System
Accession number: 20174104252738
Authors: Wen, Desheng (1); Shang, Xudong (1); Pan, Weiyuan (1); Ma, Guanglei (1); Gu, Pan (1); Shi, Zizhou (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 399-406
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to make constant displacement pump output of multi flows, and make constant displacement motor output of multi speeds and multi torques, the proportional type and parallel type of gear multi-pump (multi-motor) consisted of several single pumps and motors were designed, a theory of gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving system was presented based on the proportional type and parallel type of gear multi-pump (multi-motor). The principle of two multi-pump (multi-motor) was introduced, two gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving systems were designed based on 1-1 proportional type and 3 parallel type gear multi-pump (multi-motor), and the principle and characteristics of them were introduced, the output characteristics of the two gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving systems in different working ways were analyzed, and the output characteristics of two gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving systems consisted of X-Y proportional and Z parallel gear multi-pump (multi-motor) were expanded, the experimental platform of gear multi-pump and multi-motor driving system was built. The result showed that the driving system can output multi speeds and multi torques, and there was a certain ratio between the speed and torque levels. The experimental result was consistent with the theoretical analysis, which showed the correctness of theoretical analysis. The research provided a basis for design and research on multi-pump and multi-motor driving system.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Pumps
Controlled terms: Gears
Uncontrolled terms: Driving systems - Multi motors - Output characteristics - Parallel type - Proportional type
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.053
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
39. Effect of Synchronously Burying and Returning Straw and Biogas Slurry to Soil on Straw Decomposition
Accession number: 20174104253158
Authors: Wang, Zhongjiang (1, 2); Wang, Zeyu (1); Si, Ailong (1); Zhang, Zheng (1); Wu, Jing (1); Wang, Lili (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Pig-breeding Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China; (3) Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Technology and Equipment for the Utilization of Agricultural Renewable Resources, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 271-277
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to make an investigation on the effect of synchronously burying and returning straw and biogas slurry to the soil on straw decomposition, the research was conducted under normal condition at 20 by simulating burying and returning to soil by net bag method. In the 105 d experimental period, effects of biogas slurry produced by anaerobic fermentation of cattle manure or tape water on straw decomposition were systematically studied; influences of different soil types and different straw lengths on the decomposition rate of straw, the contents of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin in straw decomposition after adding biogas slurry were also explored. The experimental results showed that biogas slurry could greatly accelerate straw decomposition. The straw decomposition rate in groups of tape water added was 33.61%, while that in groups of biogas slurry added was 42.37%. The straw decomposition mainly occurred in the first 70 d after adding biogas slurry. When the experiment was over, the straw decomposition rate of each experimental group was higher than 42%. The straw decomposition rate in the experimental groups of straw length being 20 mm was higher than that of being 10 mm. When the experiment was over, the straw decomposition rate in the experimental groups of straw length being 20 mm could reach 52%. Hemicelluloses decomposition could apparently be affected by straw lengths, and the shorter the straw length was, the quicker hemicelluloses decomposition was. However, cellulose and lignin decomposition could obviously be influenced by soil types. Compared with black loam soil, sandy loam soil was more active for the decomposition of cellulose and lignin in straw after its returning to soil. This research may lay a theoretical foundation for quick decomposition of straw in its returning to soil, as well as promote the widespread application of technique in straw returning to soil.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: Soils
Controlled terms: Biogas - Cellulose - Fertilizers - Human computer interaction - Lignin - Manures - Produced Water
Uncontrolled terms: Anaerobic fermentation - Biogas slurry - Decomposition rate - Experimental groups - Normal condition - Sandy loam soils - Soil types - Theoretical foundations
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 811.3 Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
Cellulose, Lignin and Derivatives
- 821.5 Agricultural Wastes
Agricultural Wastes
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.36e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+01%, Percentage 4.24e+01%, Percentage 5.20e+01%, Size 1.00e-02m, Size 2.00e-02m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.035
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
40. Grading of Chicken Carcass Weight Based on Machine Vision
Accession number: 20174104253161
Authors: Chen, Kunjie (1); Li, Hang (1); Yu, Zhenwei (1); Bai, Longfei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 290-295 and 372
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: An automated grading method of chicken weight using image processing was proposed. Ninety-five images of chicken were acquired randomly in a poultry slaughtering plant by using a digital camera. After these images were preprocessed, six parameters such as projection area (Sp), contour length (Cp), length (Hp), breast width (Ap), breast length (Bp) and fitting ellipse (Ep) of chicken carcass were extracted from the processed images. Then taking the six parameters as the inputs and ninety-five samples as the training set, the simple linear regression model and multiple linear regression model were established for predicting of chicken weight, respectively. Furthermore, the optimal model was found out among these developed ones according to regression correlation coefficient. Finally, the independent validation set was formed by using 100 samples divided into five groups and employed to validate the optimal model. Results showed that the simple linear model based on the projection area (Sp) of the chicken carcass had the largest R2of 0.827 in the six simple linear models developed. The multiple linear regression model developed based on the indicators of Sp, Cp, Apand Bphad the largest R2of 0.880 in all multiple linear models developed. The adjusted multiple linear regression model had a adjusted R2of 0.933 after eliminating eight outliers detected by students residuals. When the validation set samples were used to validate the optimal multiple linear model, the average correct rate for weight grading of chicken carcass was 89%, indicating that the proposed method based on image processing was feasible for automatic weight grading of chicken carcasses.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Linear regression
Controlled terms: Animals - Computer vision - Feature extraction - Grading - Image processing - Medical imaging - Regression analysis
Uncontrolled terms: Automated grading - Chicken carcass - Correlation coefficient - Linear modeling - Multiple linear models - Multiple linear regression models - Processed images - Simple linear regression
Classification code: 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 746 Imaging Techniques
Imaging Techniques
- 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.90e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.038
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
41. Control Strategy of Variable Nozzle Turbocharging System for Diesel Engine at Different Altitudes
Accession number: 20174104253170
Authors: Zhang, Huiyan (1); Li, Hualei (2); Liu, Sheng (3); Shi, Lei (1); Deng, Kangyao (1); Yang, Zhenhuan (3)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China; (2) AVIC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., Shanghai; 200241, China; (3) China North Engine Research Institute, Tianjin; 300400, China
Corresponding author: Deng, Kangyao(kydeng@sjtu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 356-364
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to achieve the goal of performance recovery of diesel engine at high altitude, a V-type six-cylinder diesel engine was determined via the parameter estimation and thermodynamics analysis for turbocharging scheme. The original matching scheme was not suitable for altitude varying in large range operation condition. A variable nozzle turbocharging system was matched for diesel engine and it showed that no fallacies existed from the operation lines. A simulation model was established with GT-Power software and verified by test data. The simulation model was applied to performance prediction under different working conditions. Then the operating performance of engine at different altitudes was calculated, including the external characteristics and part load characteristics. The control strategy of variable nozzle turbocharging system for full operation conditions can be obtained in the end. It showed that the air demand of diesel engine can be satisfied with small opening of nozzle ring at high altitude and full load condition, and the goal of power restoring would be achieved. The charging system needed to increase the opening of nozzle ring to improve engine performance with the drop of altitude. The opening of nozzle ring should be deduced generally as the altitude increased in the whole operation area, moreover, it needed to adopt the minimum nozzle ring opening if the altitude was above 3 000 m except under some low load conditions. The operating point of the lowest fuel consumption would transfer from low-speed and low-altitude area into low-speed and high-altitude area with the fall of engine load.
Number of references: 16
Main heading: Altitude control
Controlled terms: Compressors - Computer software - Diesel engines - Engine cylinders - Engines - Nozzles - Software testing - Thermodynamics
Uncontrolled terms: Boost system - Control strategies - Flow coefficients - Variable altitudes - Variable nozzle turbocharger
Classification code: 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components
Internal Combustion Engine Components
- 612.2 Diesel Engines
Diesel Engines
- 618.1 Compressors
Compressors
- 641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 731.3 Specific Variables Control
Specific Variables Control
Numerical data indexing: Size 3.00e+03m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.047
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
42. Device Design and Numerical Simulation of Agricultural Wastewater Layered Utilization
Accession number: 20174104253149
Authors: Sun, Zhilin (1); Li, Zhongche (1); Fang, Shibiao (1); Xu, Dan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Port, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 203-209
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The rainfall in the south region of Xinjiang is rare which caused severe problems of soil salinization. The salt leaching of farmland and wastewater draining from irrigating farmland are rich in sodium which indirectly leads to the ecological pollution. To effectively deal with the excessive salinity of agricultural wastewater from alkali draining ditches, a shunting device was invented. Firstly, the feasibility of the theory to design the preliminary device was introduced. Secondly, improvement of the device in its functionality and efficiency was given. Finally, numerical simulation of the streaming process of agricultural wastewater based on the computational fluid dynamics utilizing the software fluent was obtained. The derived results were used for the ultimate design of the shunting device. The test conditions were categorized into three groups. The inlet flow rate was set as the only variable, and the spatial distribution of inlet salinity among three groups was assumed to be identical. Two Y-axis sectional velocity field cloud diagrams and four X-axis sectional salinity field cloud diagrams were selected for detailed comparison. It showed that the shunting device can separate water based on salinity distribution, and agricultural wastewater with low salinity was obtained from the lower diversion trench, vice versa. The efficiency of the shunting device depended on its size, stratification flow velocity and salinity distribution. Adjustment and optimization should be subjected to the actual situation.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Agriculture
Controlled terms: Computation theory - Computational fluid dynamics - Computer simulation - Computer software - Efficiency - Farms - Flow velocity - Numerical models - Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural wastewater - Alkali draining ditches - Ecological pollutions - Salinity distributions - Shunting device - Software FLUENT - Soil salinization - Ultimate design
Classification code: 631 Fluid Flow
Fluid Flow
- 721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory
Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
- 913.1 Production Engineering
Production Engineering
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.026
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
43. Experiment and Optimization of Working Parameters for Pricking Hole Mechanism of Oblique Type Non-circular Gears Planetary System
Accession number: 20174104253131
Authors: Wang, Jinwu (1); Zhou, Wenqi (1); Wang, Jinfeng (1); Zhang, Chunfeng (2); Jiang, Dongxuan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Beijing Research Center for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Beijing; 100097, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Jinfeng(jinfeng_w@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 66-70
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Deep-fertilization liquid fertilizer applicator with high efficiency, low price, easy operation and environment protection attracts more and more concerns, which can decrease fertilizer volatilization and increase crop yield and quality. Aiming to explore the influence mechanism that working parameters of pricking hole mechanism with crop damage rate, hole size and hole distance, a new type of non-circular gears planetary system of pricking hole mechanism for oblique type of liquid fertilizer applicator for deep-into type was designed. Through coupling part let pricking hole mechanism meet prick hole condition for oblique type, to make the trajectory of pricking hole mechanism side and ridge side reach the changes of different angles, it was achieved to prick hole for oblique type based on the above conditions. Kinematics model was set up, the influence relationship was obtained between the goals and working parameters. Test-bed experiment of working parameters was carried out. The design of quadratic regression rotational quadratic orthogonal experiment was used, with the speed of planet frame, the forward speed and oblique angle as the test factors, the hole mouth width, the hole distance and the rate of crop damage as the test optimization index. The optimization of response surface method was used. Experimental data was analyzed by Design-Expert software so as to establish the regression equation and obtain the diagram of response surface. Test results showed that when the speed of planet frame was 75.0 r/min, the forward speed was 0.48 m/s and the oblique angle was 23.3°, the hole mouth width was 40.2 mm, hole distance was 220 mm and rate of crop damage was 0.33%, the performance of mechanism was optimal under above conditions. The test was verified by applying these parameters to validate its rationality.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Fertilizers
Controlled terms: Applicators - Crops - Gears - Liquids - Optimization - Surface properties - Testing
Uncontrolled terms: Environment protection - Influence relationships - Liquid fertilizer applicators - Non-circular gears - Orthogonal experiment - Pricking hole for oblique type - Quadratic regression - Response surface method
Classification code: 601 Mechanical Design
Mechanical Design
- 601.2 Machine Components
Machine Components
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Optimization Techniques
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.30e-01%, Rotational_Speed 7.50e+01RPM, Size 2.20e-01m, Size 4.02e-02m, Velocity 4.80e-01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.008
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
44. Positioning Method of Rice Seedlings Based on Edge Fitting in Separated Region of Stem Base
Accession number: 20174104253126
Authors: Jiang, Yu (1, 2); Cui, Hongwei (1); Ou, Yinggang (1); Ma, Xu (1, 3); Qi, Long (1, 3); Zheng, Wenhan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Modern Educational Technology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (3) Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha; 410128, China
Corresponding author: Ou, Yinggang(ouying@scau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 23-31 and 49
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Positioning of rice seedlings is an important step of mechanical intra-row weeding. Aiming to minimize the positioning errors based on canopy of rice, a system that could capture RGB images of rice stem base on the side view was built to position the rice seedlings according to edge fitting in separated region of the stem base. Firstly, relevant factors, including the morphology of rice seedlings, the installation parameters of camera on the side-view and affecting image quality were analyzed, and a method of grabbing image under shading conditions was proposed, contributing to a system with shading device. The original RGB images were distinguished from soil by analyzing the excessive green (2G-R-B) rice seedlings index images. The Otsu algorithm method was employed to transform a gray image to a binary image, and then the binary images were smoothed by morphological operation to remove noise for subsequent analysis. After that the edges of stem base were extracted by the Canny operator, and the fitting region of edges was set up. A method was presented in fitting region based on edge fitting in non-separated region of the stem base. However, the results showed that this positioning method was not accurate because of effect of unsmooth and unilateral sloping edges of stem base. Therefore, the fitting region was separated into three subintervals where the edges of stem base were fitted by the Hough transform. The center of rice seedlings was gained by the center coordinates of the mid-line fitted by the mean of midpoint coordinates of fitting edges. The positioning experiments of rice seedlings in terms of stem base and the canopy were carried out respectively. The results of positioning based on stem base showed that the positioning errors were less than 7.0 mm, and the positioning errors were 6.9 mm, 5.9 mm and 6.3 mm under the condition of including water and 6.8 mm, 5.8 mm and 6.5 mm under the anhydrous condition on the 10th, 15th and 20th day after transplanting, respectively. The results of positioning based on canopy showed that the positioning errors were above 8.0 mm, and the positioning errors were 8.2 mm, 11.3 mm and 15.4 mm under the condition of including water and 9.0 mm, 10.7 mm and 16.1 mm under the anhydrous condition on the 10th, 15th and 20th day after transplanting, respectively. The results suggested that the innovative positioning method that based on edge fitting in separated region of the stem base of rice seedlings met the technical requirement of mechanical weeding in terms of high precision and long applicable period.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Binary images
Controlled terms: Bins - Errors - Hough transforms - Image analysis - Mathematical morphology - Separation
Uncontrolled terms: Intra-row weeding - Mechanical weeding - Positioning - Rice seedlings - Stem base
Classification code: 694.4 Storage
Storage
- 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing
Data Processing and Image Processing
- 802.3 Chemical Operations
Chemical Operations
- 921.3 Mathematical Transformations
Mathematical Transformations
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.07e-02m, Size 1.13e-02m, Size 1.54e-02m, Size 1.61e-02m, Size 5.80e-03m, Size 5.90e-03m, Size 6.30e-03m, Size 6.50e-03m, Size 6.80e-03m, Size 6.90e-03m, Size 7.00e-03m, Size 8.00e-03m, Size 8.20e-03m, Size 9.00e-03m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.003
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
45. Building Interpretation Model of Hollow Village High Resolution Images Based on Bag-of-words
Accession number: 20174104253140
Authors: Li, Zheng (1); Li, Hechao (2); Wu, Xi (2); Li, Yongshu (1); Xie, Jiali (1); Lu, Heng (3, 4)
Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu; 611756, China; (2) Center of Land Acquisition and Consolidation in Sichuan Province, Chengdu; 610041, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (4) College of Hydraulic and Hydroelectric Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 132-137
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the rapid development of remote sensing technology, remote sensing image resolution has been greatly improved and the ground targets can be obtained from high resolution remote sensing image. But the traditional visual interpretation has low work efficiency and needs for professional knowledge. Thus using high resolution remote sensing image to construct automatic interpreting model is the key to quickly and efficiently obtain the building of hollow village. Meanwhile, it is important for the hollow village renovation and research. Based on this, a novel automatic building interpretation model of hollow village high resolution images based on bag-of-words (BoW) was proposed. Firstly, several existing feature extraction methods were compared, and then based on the BoW and support vector machines (SVM) the automatic interpretation model for the building was constructed. In order to verify the validity of this method, the high resolution remote sensing image of typical hollow village was selected to construct the building sample library. Finally, the model for building interpretation was experimentally studied based on the sample library. The results showed that the classification accuracy (ACC) of this method can reach 0.86. Therefore, the proposed method can be used for the building automatic interpretation, and it had high practical value to hollow village research and renovation.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Remote sensing
Controlled terms: Buildings - Image enhancement - Image resolution - Information retrieval - Learning systems - Rural areas - Support vector machines
Uncontrolled terms: Bag-of-words models - Classification accuracy - Feature extraction methods - High resolution image - High resolution remote sensing images - Hollow village - Professional knowledge - Remote sensing technology
Classification code: 402 Buildings and Towers
Buildings and Towers
- 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
- 903.3 Information Retrieval and Use
Information Retrieval and Use
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.017
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
46. Optimal Design and Experiment of Farmland Carbon Dioxide Concentration Gradient In-situ Synchronous Measuring System
Accession number: 20174104253141
Authors: Li, Yang (1, 2); Chen, Baolin (1); Zhao, Xinxue (1, 2); Zhang, Haishu (1); Wang, Kan (1); Yuan, Jin (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China
Corresponding author: Yuan, Jin(jyuan@sdau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 138-144
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to measure the distribution of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration gradient in farmland accurately, and reduce the interference error caused by manual measurement, a CO2concentration gradient in-situ synchronous measurement system was designed, which was equipped in farmland to measure CO2concentration gradient automatically, and the measurement data could be sent to the host computer server via GPRS wireless transmission technology. The system was composed of a mechanical collection module and an electrical control module. The mechanical acquisition module was responsible for the gas collection, and the system control module was used to realize the automatic measurement of CO2concentration. The overall structure of the measurement system and the design of each module were introduced, and the pumping process of carbon dioxide measurement was simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The relationships between the distance of the measurement pipeline and the pumping speed, as well as the diameter of the pipeline were analyzed to optimize the system design. The indoor system calibration and outdoor field measurement of carbon dioxide concentration were implemented. The experimental results showed that the system could measure the concentration gradient of farmland carbon dioxide, and the measurement error was not more than 4.17%. The system could realize the automatic acquisition of cropland information, which had important significance to the carbon sequestration information calculation.
Number of references: 15
Main heading: Carbon dioxide
Controlled terms: Computational fluid dynamics - Farms - Pipelines
Uncontrolled terms: Automatic measurements - Carbon dioxide concentrations - Carbon dioxide measurements - Concentration gradients - Farmland - Synchronous measurements - System control modules - Wireless transmissions
Classification code: 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
- 723.5 Computer Applications
Computer Applications
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
- 821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.17e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.018
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
47. Dynamics of Stability of Soil Crust under Natural Rainfall Event
Accession number: 20174104253152
Authors: Hu, Bo (1); Wang, Yujie (1, 2); Wang, Bin (1, 2); Wang, Yunqi (1, 2); Liu, Chunxia (1); Wang, Chenfeng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Yujie(wyujie@bjfu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 225-231
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Soil aggregate stability is a key parameter influencing soil fertility, environmental problems, and soil sensitivity to erosion. It is well established that aggregate stability changes over time. However, there is a lack of information considering the dynamics of aggregate at a short-term step in the field. In addition, aggregate stability is usually determined by using soil samples collected from the plough layer, while soil erosion occurs in the surface soil. The difference between the soil crust and plough layer is usually ignored. The objectives were to investigate the variations in aggregate stability under rainfall event, identify the factors controlling these variations of stability, and compare the difference of aggregate stability between soil crust and subsurface soil. A field experiment was conducted on a cropland with typical yellow soil in Three Gorges Reservoir area. Sampling was performed after rainfall events. Aggregate stability was measured for both crust soil and subsurface soil by the Le Bissonnais (LB) method. Rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, air temperature, soil temperature and soil water content at the time of sampling were measured as potential explanatory factors. The results showed that aggregate stability varied significantly (P<0.05) under rainfall event for both the soil crust and subsurface soil. During the experiment, the mean weight diameter (MWD) obtained under fast wetting, slow wetting, and pre-wetting shaking treatments was varied between 0.73 mm and 2.13 mm, 1.70 mm and 2.90 mm, and 2.27 mm and 3.16 mm, respectively, for the soil crust. While MWD of subsurface soil was varied between 0.70 mm and 1.27 mm, 1.69 mm and 2.83 mm, and 2.53 mm and 2.95 mm, respectively. Great differences between the aggregate stability of soil crust and subsurface soil were found. And the aggregate stability of soil crust was significantly higher than that of surface soil. For the soil crust, accumulative rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, air temperature, soil temperature and soil water content at the time of sampling greatly controlled the variations of aggregate stability in fast wetting and slow wetting treatments. The large differences in aggregate stability between soil crust and the plough layer implied large differences in soil erodibility. And the soil erodibility was varied greatly in the field over several rainfall events.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Soil surveys
Controlled terms: Aggregates - Agricultural machinery - Atmospheric temperature - Dynamics - Erosion - Rain - Reservoirs (water) - Soil moisture - Soils - Stability - Temperature - Well drilling - Wetting
Uncontrolled terms: Aggregate stability - Environmental problems - Influencing factors - Mean weight diameter - Rainfall intensity - Soil aggregate stability - Soil crusts - Three gorges reservoir area
Classification code: 406 Highway Engineering
Highway Engineering
- 441.2 Reservoirs
Reservoirs
- 443.1 Atmospheric Properties
Atmospheric Properties
- 443.3 Precipitation
Precipitation
- 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
- 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.69e-03m, Size 1.70e-03m, Size 2.27e-03m, Size 2.53e-03m, Size 2.83e-03m, Size 2.90e-03m, Size 2.95e-03m, Size 3.16e-03m, Size 7.00e-04m to 1.27e-03m, Size 7.30e-04m to 2.13e-03m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.029
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
48. Design and Experiment on Air Blowing Header of Plot Combine Harvester for Grain
Accession number: 20174104253133
Authors: Li, Yinian (1); Yi, Yingwu (1); Du, Shiwei (1); Ding, Qishuo (1); Ding, Weimin (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 79-87
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to solve some matters on residual seeds on header and clean the header during harvesting grain seed on the plot by using combine harvester of grain, an air blowing header, by that front airflow bent wheat and then cutter knife cut the wheat stalk, was designed. A blowing cereal model with uniform air flow velocity was established according to mechanics principle. The calculated air flow velocity of branch pipe outlet was more than 47.35 m/s under condition of the cut wheat smoothly entering into the harvester header without dropping. According to the theory of static regain design method of multiple-branch duct system, these calculated main structure parameters of airflow pipe which generated uniform air flow in each branch pipe were taper of air flow main pipe of 114.29 and interval distance of air flow branch pipe of 100 mm. Three key parameters, including vertical and horizontal distances between cutting knife and air flow branch pipe outlet, the angle between air flow branch pipe and level, that affected header residual amount and total loss rate, were regarded as experimental factors for conducting single factor and multi-factors orthogonal experiments. The single factor experiments showed that the total loss rate of header with firstly increase and then decrease was made by the vertical and horizontal distances between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe within a scope of 15~27 cm. The residues on the header were little affected by horizontal distance between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe causes. But there was larger effect on the residues on the header for the vertical distance between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe. The higher the vertical distance was, the more residues were, and even wheat ear was left. The residual and total loss rate of header slowly decreased in 0°~10°, but rapidly increased in 10°~20°, which was made by the angle between air flow branch pipe and level. The orthogonal experiments demonstrated that the effect of the angle between air flow branch pipe and level on total loss rate of header and residual amount was the greatest. The vertical distance between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe was 21 cm, horizontal distance between cutting knife and outlet of air flow branch pipe was 21 cm, and the angle between air flow branch pipe and level of 10° was the optimal orthogonal experiments combination. The total loss rate was 0.88% and the header residue was 1.21 g under the optimal orthogonal experiments combination. The developed air blowing header with small header residual amount and low total loss rate achieved the technical requirements of the plot harvesting wheat seed.
Number of references: 10
Main heading: Air
Controlled terms: Design - Experiments - Flow velocity - Grain (agricultural product) - Harvesters - Pipe
Uncontrolled terms: Air flow velocity - Combine harvesters - Experimental factors - Header - Orthogonal experiment - Single-factor experiments - Technical requirement - Wheat
Classification code: 619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
- 631 Fluid Flow
Fluid Flow
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
Agricultural Machinery and Equipment
- 821.4 Agricultural Products
Agricultural Products
- 901.3 Engineering Research
Engineering Research
Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.21e-03kg, Percentage 8.80e-01%, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 1.50e-01m to 2.70e-01m, Size 2.10e-01m, Velocity 4.74e+01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.010
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
49. Particulate Matter Load Estimation and Distribution Characteristics of Diesel Particulate Filter
Accession number: 20174104253169
Authors: Liu, Hongqi (1); Gao, Ying (1); Jiang, Hongpeng (2); Chen, Jinjun (2); Pei, Kasi (2); Zheng, Deyuan (2)
Author affiliation: (1) State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (2) China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co., Ltd., Ji’nan; 250101, China
Corresponding author: Gao, Ying(gaoying@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 349-355
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: A particulate matter estimation model was established to calculate the particulate retained in diesel particulate filter with consideration of catalytic reaction in filter. The filtration and catalytic regeneration parameters were identified by engine dynamometer test data, including permeability of carrier and activation energy and pre-exponential factors of the NO2catalytic reaction and thermal catalytic reaction. The estimation model was validated under different operation conditions and model error was less than 10%. Analysis based on the catalytic reaction sub-model approved that the weight of catalytic regeneration was increased with the rise of temperature. At 442, percentage of regeneration mass in all engine emission was risen to 45.42%. The regeneration during filtration can effectively prolong the active regeneration cycle. After thorough analysis of the model, most of the particulate mass was distributed in cake layer, accounting more than 98%. The particulate mass in deep bed was discrete in five slabs and mass distribution in deep bed was mainly in the first slab. Under different test conditions, the mass in the first slab accounted more than 85%. And the permeability of the first slab was less than half of those of the other slabs. At 272, the particulate mass in different slabs remained stable quickly and the second to the fifth slabs were decreased more than 35% at 442. Chemical catalytic reaction at high temperature was the reason for decreasing. For the first slab, cake layer can effectively replenish the regeneration mass. After the theoretical analysis and practical verify, the estimation model included NO2catalytic reaction and thermal catalytic reaction can effectively predict the retained particulate mass in filter.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Catalysis
Controlled terms: Activation energy - Air filters - Bandpass filters - Chemical analysis - Diesel engines - Engines - Estimation - Filters (for fluids) - Fuel filters - Nitrogen compounds - Nitrogen oxides - Temperature
Uncontrolled terms: Active regenerations - Catalytic regenerations - Diesel particulate filters - Distribution characteristics - Loading capacities - Particulate filters - Preexponential factor - Regeneration
Classification code: 451.2 Air Pollution Control
Air Pollution Control
- 612.2 Diesel Engines
Diesel Engines
- 641.1 Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
- 703.2 Electric Filters
Electric Filters
- 802.2 Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions
- 804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 3.50e+01%, Percentage 4.54e+01%, Percentage 8.50e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.046
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
50. Soil Stress Transmission Coefficient Based on Compaction Analytical Model
Accession number: 20174104253130
Authors: He, Tingfeng (1); Cong, Wenjie (1); Belal, Eisa Adam (1, 2); Ding, Qishuo (1); Yang, Yanshan (1); Huo, Lianfei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) Department of Agricultural Engineering, Zalingei University, Zalingei; 06, Sudan
Corresponding author: Ding, Qishuo(qsding@njau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 59-65
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Predicting soil stress with analytical models requires proper selection of the models’ concentration factor. But due to the insufficient knowledge about the effects of soil conditions on stress transmission, little is known about how the concentration factor varies with soil states and loading conditions. The function of the concentration factor was transformed and a dimensionless factor σz/σ0standing for soil-induced attenuation on the stress transmission was defined as the soil stress transmission coefficient and is denoted as STC. Since soil stress transmission property is affected by soil states and loading conditions, a modified oedometer testing setup with a soil stress sensor was used to evaluate controlled soil properties on STCs. Totally 30 soil states were tested by controlling soil water contents and bulk densities based on different soil styles. Correlation analysis was performed between measured STCs and soil state parameters, i.e. water content, bulk density and soil strength. The highly linear correlation between soil stress and applied surface stress indicated a stable STC for each particular soil state. STC was also found both linearly decreased with dry bulk density and precompression stress. The back-calculation of concentration factor from measured STCs illustrated that the proposed solution for soil stress transmission provided a means to define concentration factor for each soil state with measured result. Concentration factor varied from 1.20 to 12.39, being in agreement with the past reports. And the detail of how the concentration factor was affected by the changed states of soils was provided.
Number of references: 45
Main heading: Soil testing
Controlled terms: Analytical models - Compaction - Soil mechanics - Soil moisture - Soils - Stress analysis - Water content
Uncontrolled terms: Concentration factors - Correlation analysis - Dry bulk densities - Modified oedometers - Soil compaction - Soil conditions - Soil water content - Stress transmission
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 921 Mathematics
Mathematics
- 951 Materials Science
Materials Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.007
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
51. Temporal and Spatial Planting Regionalization Description of Spring Maize in Northeast China Based on Several Years Environmental Characteristics
Accession number: 20174104253139
Authors: Liu, Zhe (1); Liu, Wei (1); Zan, Xuli (1); Feng, Wei (1); Li, Shaoming (1); Zhang, Xiaodong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Xiaodong(zhangxd@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 125-131
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Maize is one of the main food crops in China. Due to too much scales of maize environmental regionalization description, the partition environmental characteristics are not satisfied with the test requirements of the fine varieties, and only using several years average values to describe the spatial characteristics of the environment can not enough recognize the multiple environment test of the environment. The geographical grid was taken as the unit, and the three northeastern provinces as the study area. By using the 21-year meteorological data, DEM, slope and the planting area of spring maize in the three provinces of Northeast China, the every year environment characteristic was used as index to build a multi-year environmental characteristic mean database and a several years environment characteristics database. From the temporal and spatial perspective, the attribute clustering method was used to research a maize environment fine division method. The result was that the environmental characteristics of the three provinces in Northeast China were divided into seven categories. The regionalization of maize planting environment in the three provinces of Northeast China was carried out by using the belonging degree analysis method for category, and compared with the spatial regionalization of the mean value of environmental characteristics for many years, the result of spatial-temporal regionalization was more precise and the environmental cognition was more full.
Number of references: 19
Main heading: Meteorology
Uncontrolled terms: Belonging degree for category - Environment test - Maize planting environment - Spatial regionalization - Spatial temporals
Numerical data indexing: Age 2.10e+01yr
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.016
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
52. Evolution of Cavitation Bubbles and Its Influence on Vibration in Centrifugal Pump
Accession number: 20174104253134
Authors: Ye, Yanghui (1); Zhu, Xiangyuan (1); Sun, Guangpu (1); Li, Guojun (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an; 710049, China
Corresponding author: Li, Guojun(liguojun@mail.xjtu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 88-93 and 137
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Visual analysis illustrated the steady and rotating cavitation in a centrifugal pump at different flow rates. The cavity structures under different NPSH were captured and the cavity lengths, including the supercavity length were obtained. The corresponding vibrations of the volute and bearing were measured by using acceleration sensors. The influences of the cavity structures on the vibrations were analyzed. Experimental results showed that the vibration was increased when the cavitation occurred at the pressure side, especially when the supercavitation occurred. The cavitation at the suction side was usually thin and its influence on the vibration was relatively small. The growth rate of the cavity length at the pressure side was increased after the appearance of supercavitation. At the flow rates of 0.6Qdand 0.8Qd, the vibration turned from increase to decrease soon after the rotating cavitation appeared, and the ratios of the cavitation number to attack angle at the turning point were close to each other. And then the vibration was increased again when the stable cavitation occurred at the pressure side, and finally it was decreased sharply when the pump head was extremely small. Besides, the vibration was increased when large shedding cavities blocked the flow channel. During the rotating cavitation, the cavity structures in the opposite channels were similar to each other, and the cloud shedding frequency was around 27 Hz according to visual observations and the fast Fourier transform of inlet pressure fluctuations.
Number of references: 18
Main heading: Vibration analysis
Controlled terms: Cavitation - Centrifugal pumps - Channel flow - Fast Fourier transforms - Flow visualization - Pumps
Uncontrolled terms: Acceleration sensors - Cavitation bubble - Cavitation number - Rotating cavitations - Shedding frequencies - Stable cavitation - Vibration - Visual observations
Classification code: 618.2 Pumps
Pumps
- 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Fluid Flow, General
- 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics
Liquid Dynamics
- 921.3 Mathematical Transformations
Mathematical Transformations
Numerical data indexing: Frequency 2.70e+01Hz
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.011
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
53. Effect of Different Water and Nitrogen Levels on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice
Accession number: 20174104253146
Authors: Zhang, Zhongxue (1, 2); Zheng, Ennan (1, 2); Wang, Changming (1, 2); Yun, Ninghan (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 176-183
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to establish water-saving, high quality and efficient production model in the black soil of cold region of rice, fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic characteristics were measured by using LI-6400XT photosynthetic apparatus in the main growth period of rice under different water and fertilizer treatments. The results showed that photochemical quantum efficiency of rice (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching factor coefficient qPand non-photochemical quenching coefficient qNwere decreased with the decrease of irrigation amount. With the increase of nitrogen, Fv/Fmat the bloom stage, qPat jointing stage showed inverted-V-trend, it showed that PSII reaction center was adjusted due to different treatments of water and fertilizer in black soil of cold area of rice, primary energy conversion efficiency of PSII, potential activity of PSII, photosynthetic electron transport, photosynthetic primary reaction process and heat dissipation capacity subjected to varying degrees of inhibition or improvement. The stomatal limitation of controlled irrigation was greater than that in flood irrigation, it did not affect the photosynthesis of rice leaves. Through simulated light response curves under fertilizer rate of 110 ~160 kg/hm2treatment, it showed that the curve was increased with the increase of nitrogen and the LSP and LCP were reduced significantly, but α, θ and Pnmaxwere increased to some extent. Through comparison among different treatments of irrigation, LSP, LCP and θ of the flood irrigation were less than those in control irrigation, and Pnmaxwas increased significantly, but the change of Rdand α were not obvious, it showed that high rate of fertilizer was benefit for utilization of low light in rice leaves, reduced water consumption was benefit for utilization of strong light. Therefore, water and nutrient coercion would improve the adaptability of rice leaves to light, and increasing of nitrogen amount can efficiently improve the light response characteristics.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Plants (botany)
Controlled terms: Conversion efficiency - Electron transport properties - Energy conversion - Fertilizers - Floods - Fluorescence - Irrigation - Nitrogen - Nitrogen fertilizers - Photosynthesis - Quenching - Soils - Water conservation - Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms: Cold area - Fluorescence parameters - Nitrogen treatment - Photosynthetic characteristics - Rice
Classification code: 444 Water Resources
Water Resources
- 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques
Water Treatment Techniques
- 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics
Soils and Soil Mechanics
- 525.5 Energy Conversion Issues
Energy Conversion Issues
- 537.1 Heat Treatment Processes
Heat Treatment Processes
- 741.1 Light/Optics
Light/Optics
- 804 Chemical Products Generally
Chemical Products Generally
- 821.3 Agricultural Methods
Agricultural Methods
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.023
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
54. On-line Detection Method of Raw Woody Breast Based on Characteristic Parameter
Accession number: 20174104253160
Authors: Sun, Xiao (1); Liu, Haolu (1); Chen, Cairong (1); Chen, Kunjie (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China
Corresponding author: Chen, Kunjie(kunjiechen@njau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Issue date: June 25, 2017
Publication year: 2017
Pages: 284-289
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Global attention has been drawn to the woody breast (WB) myopathy in modern poultry industry which is observed a distinct hardness of raw fillets. The test was conducted to determine effectiveness of compression force and air deformation of fillet surfaces to identify WB in raw fillets and meat quality with different WB categories in cooked fillets. Whole breast fillets were collected from 49 d broilers categorized in normal (NORM), moderate (MOD) and severe (SEV) categories of WB (n=30/category). Left part fillets were conducted compression force (CF) and air deformation measurement; right part fillets were cooked and sheared with MORS and BMORS. Cook loss (CL), shear energy (MORSE and BMORSE) and peak counts of shear curves (PC-MORS and PC-BMORS) were recorded on each fillet. In raw fillets, CF was increased remarkably with the increase of WB (P<0.05), diameter measurements of air deformation was decreased (P<0.05) as the increase of WB categories regardless of distance. In cooked fillets, WB negatively affected CL and shear properties. The result indicated that air deformation may be potentially used as tool for online raw fillet detection, and the new method of peak counting was useful in distinguishing among WB categories, which could be a good feature to describe WB inner muscle texture of cooked fillet.
Number of references: 34
Main heading: Deformation
Uncontrolled terms: Characteristic parameter - Compression force - Deformation measurements - Diameter Measurement - On-line detection - On-line detection method - Poultry meat - Woody breast
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.037
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Uncontrolled terms: Characteristic parameter - Compression force - Deformation measurements - Diameter Measurement - On-line detection - On-line detection method - Poultry meat - Woody breast
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.06.037
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
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