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2018年第11期共收錄51篇

1. Topological Structural Synthesis and Classification of 2T2R Parallel Mechanism Based on POC Equations

Accession number: 20190706505204

Authors: Sun, Chiyu (1); Shen, Huiping (1, 2); Yuan, Juntang (1); Yang, Tingli (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology and Engineering, Nanjing; 210094, China; (2) Research Center for Advanced Mechanism Theory, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213016, China

Corresponding author: Shen, Huiping(shp65@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 409-418

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The process of two translation and two rotation (2T2R) parallel mechanism (PM) type synthesis was systematically discussed according to the method of topological structural synthesis of parallel mechanism based on position ad orientation characteristic (POC) equations. The structure synthesis of complex branches, the method of judging geometric assembly condition of parallel mechanism and the judgment of drive unit of the parallel mechanism were all illustrated with examples. The type synthesis of hybrid single open chain (HSOC) branch chains was the foundation of the type synthesis of parallel mechanism, five new HSOC branches were proposed based on the complex branch synthesis method by the idea of equivalent substitution of topology structure. Totally 15 kinds of 2T2R parallel mechanisms were synthesized and classified according to branch structure and number of moving platform. Totally 10 kinds of them were new structures. Furthermore, the topological characteristics of them were analyzed, including the Assure kinematic chain (AKC), number of independent displacement equations for parallel mechanisms, degree of coupling, type of degree of freedom (DOF) and motion decoupling. In addition, according to the characteristics of topological structure, the 2T2R mechanism was classified and analyzed. These structures were simple and easy to be assembled and manufactured. All these new structures had practical value. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Mechanisms

Controlled terms: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Kinematics? - ?Topology

Uncontrolled terms: Degree of freedom (dof)? - ?Displacement equation? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Position and orientations? - ?Topological characteristics? - ?Topological structure? - ?Two translation and two rotation output? - ?Type synthesis

Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.050

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

2. Matching Optimization for Tractor Powertrain Based on Improved NSGA-Ⅱ Algorithm

Accession number: 20190706505196

Authors: Fu, Shenghui (1, 2); Li, Zhen (1, 2); Du, Yuefeng (1, 2); Mao, Enrong (1, 2); Zhu, Zhongxiang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Zhu, Zhongxiang(zhuzhonxiang@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 349-357

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to optimize matching of the tractor powertrain and improve the power and fuel economy of the tractor, a new matching optimization method for tractor powertrain was put forward based on the improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-. The normal distribution crossover operator (NDX) was introduced to expand the spatial search range on the premise of ensuring the quality of the non-dominated solution set. And meanwhile, the differential evolution mutation operator based differential evolutionary algorithm was used as directional guiding ideology to avoid falling into the local optimum and improve the uniformity of population distribution. Subsequently, by analyzing the design requirements and power-shift transmissions produced by New Holland, Case IH and John Deere, the optimization model of transmission ratios was established with constraints such as vehicle speed, ratio of gear ratios, driving adhesion restriction, and so on. In this model, gear ratios were taken as input variables, and the optimization objective was to get the lowest drive power loss rate and the lowest specific fuel consumption loss rate. The proposed algorithm was used to optimize the tractor powertrain and compared with the original NSGA- and the weighted genetic algorithm. The experimental results showed that the distributed index SP of the proposed algorithm was smaller than that of the original NSGA-, which meant that the improved NSGA- could obtain a more uniformly distributed and precise optimal solutions. And after optimization of the improved NSGA-, the drive power loss rate and the specific fuel consumption loss rate of the tractor could be theoretically reduced by 41.62% and 62.8%, respectively, and the climbing angle of the first transport gear could be increased by 2.35% than before, which was better than NSGA- and the weighted genetic algorithm. The overall performance of the tractor was improved obviously which verified the effectiveness of the improved NSGA- algorithm. To sum up, this method could provide a certain reference for the design and optimization of the tractor transmission. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Tractors (agricultural)

Controlled terms: Fuel economy? - ?Fuels? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Normal distribution? - ?Powertrains? - ?Tractors (truck)? - ?Vehicle transmissions

Uncontrolled terms: Design and optimization? - ?Differential evolutionary algorithm? - ?Drive power? - ?Loss rates? - ?Matching optimization? - ?Non- dominated sorting genetic algorithms? - ?Nondominated solutions? - ?Specific fuel consumption

Classification code: 525.2 Energy Conservation? - ?602.2 Mechanical Transmissions? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?663.2 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicle Components? - ?922.1 Probability Theory

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.35e+00%, Percentage 4.16e+01%, Percentage 6.28e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.042

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

3. Physico-chemical Characteristics and Evaluation of Cow Manure Hydrochar at Different Carbonization Temperatures and Durations

Accession number: 20190706505189

Authors: Zhang, Jinhong (1, 2); Lin, Qimei (3); Zhao, Xiaorong (3); Li, Guitong (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Shandong Institute of Agricultural Sustainable Development, Ji’nan; 250100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ji’nan; 250100, China; (3) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100193, China

Corresponding author: Lin, Qimei(linqm@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 298-305

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The high water content is one of factors limiting cow manure treatment approach. The hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), which can convert cow manure with high water content into hydrochar, is considered as a potential approach for safe disposal and resource utilization of cow manure. Fresh cow manure was hydrothermally treated at 190 and 260 for 1 h, 6 h and 12 h, respectively. And then the collected solid products were determined for the physico-chemical properties. Based on entropy-weight TOPSIS model, the agricultural value was evaluated. The aim was to investigate the effect of temperature and time on hydrochar nature, and then provide a theoretical reference for its agricultural application. The results showed that physico-chemical properties of hydrochar was changed with carbonization temperature and duration. Compared with the hydrochar produced at 190 for 1 h, carbon, total phosphorus and potassium concentrations of hydrochar produced at 260 for 12 h were increased by 17.88%, 39.06% and 85.19%, but yield, H/C atomic ratio, O/C atomic ratio, (O+N)/C atomic ratio, ammonium nitrogen, exchangeable P and K contents were reduced by 26.65%, 24.00%, 68.42%, 64.29%, 98.91%, 89.26% and 42.30%, respectively. Meanwhile, carbonization degree was increased significantly. With high temperature and long duration, position of functional group absorption peak was varied less, intensity of oxygen functional groups absorption peak was reduced, but intensity of metal-halogen chemical compound performed an opposite trend. The higher reaction temperature and longer residence time caused less surface charges, lower pH value dependence, smaller specific pore volume and specific surface area. Overall, temperature had a large impact on hydrochar nature compared with reaction duration. Cow manure hydrochar produced at low temperature for short time was more suitable as a soil conditioner due to its higher agricultural value. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 34

Main heading: Fertilizers

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Atoms? - ?Carbonization? - ?Chemical properties? - ?Halogen compounds? - ?Manures? - ?Soil conditioners? - ?Temperature? - ?Thermochemistry

Uncontrolled terms: Carbonization temperatures? - ?Cow manure? - ?Hydrochar? - ?Hydrothermal carbonization? - ?Oxygen functional groups? - ?Physicochemical characteristics? - ?Potassium concentrations? - ?Time

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes? - ?931.3 Atomic and Molecular Physics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.79e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 2.66e+01%, Percentage 3.91e+01%, Percentage 4.23e+01%, Percentage 6.43e+01%, Percentage 6.84e+01%, Percentage 8.52e+01%, Percentage 8.93e+01%, Percentage 9.89e+01%, Time 2.16e+04s, Time 3.60e+03s, Time 4.32e+04s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.035

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

4. Design and Experiment on Auto Leveling System and Control Strategy for Agricultural Chassis

Accession number: 20190706505197

Authors: Zhao, Jianzhu (1); Gao, Mingyuan (1); Ma, Chenxu (1); Wang, Zhice (1); Huang, Ying (1); Huang, Shaojiong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Huang, Shaojiong(shjhuang@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 358-364

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Conventional agricultural chassis was difficult to adapt to the slope which put a severe test during the operation. Taking the auto leveling system as the research content, a two-degree of freedom platform and its self-control system was developed. The mechanical-electrical-hydraulic multi-physics simulation model was established based on SimMechanics and SimHdraulics, which helped to analyze spatial kinematics through SimMechanics while hydraulic system simulation through SimHdraulics. Due to dual-acting asymmetric hydraulic cylinders, a dual-channel PID control strategy was used to control following response, displacement error, velocity respectively and dual-axis inclination. The hydraulic cylinder with push and return movements could be regarded as different hydraulic cylinders with different piston areas. The characteristic of dual-channel PID control meant when errors were adjusted with different PID parameter values. The simulation results showed that the maximum following error was 1.90 mm and the response time was 0.228 s under dual-channel PID control. The equilibrium time in the limit state was 2.98 s. Compared with single-channel PID control, the maximum control error was reduced by 49.3%, and the response speed was increased by 45.8%. Tests under eight different gradients were performed. These results showed that the response time of the auto leveling system was 0.328 s. With the increase of gradient, the maximum error of the test platform leveling was 1.14°, and the maximum root mean square error was 0.299°. The auto leveling system had a fast response, small following error, good follow-ability and high control accuracy under the dual-channel PID control and it can meet the requirements of ring slope operation. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Three term control systems

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Chassis? - ?Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Errors? - ?Hydraulic equipment? - ?Leveling (machinery)? - ?Mean square error? - ?Mechanical actuators? - ?Response time (computer systems) ? - ?Simulation platform

Uncontrolled terms: Dual channel? - ?Dual-axis inclinations? - ?Multiphysics simulations? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Self control systems? - ?Slope operation? - ?Test platforms? - ?Two-degree of freedom

Classification code: 603.1 Machine Tools, General? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.58e+01%, Percentage 4.93e+01%, Size 1.90e-03m, Time 2.28e-01s, Time 2.98e+00s, Time 3.28e-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.043

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

5. Design and Experiment of Seed Hill Feeding Device in Pneumatic Centralized Metering Device for Hybrid Rice

Accession number: 20190706505161

Authors: Lei, Xiaolong (1, 2); Yang, Wenhao (1); Liu, Liyang (1); Liu, Hongnan (1); Ren, Wanjun (2); Chen, Yong (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an; 625014, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu; 611130, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 58-67

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to adjust to the requirement of hill seeding for pneumatic centralized metering device for hybrid rice, a seed hill feeding device was designed to supply quantitative seeds. According to the mechanical and physical properties of rice seeds and agronomic requirement of hill seeding, the involute-type model-hole was introduced. The main structural parameters of the seed hill feeding device were determined and the mechanical models of seed filling and throwing processes were established. The effects of varieties of rice seeds, number of involute-type feeding unit and rotational speed on seed feeding and hill-forming performance were carried out in bench test. The results showed that when the number of involute-type feeding unit was 3~8 and rotational speed was 10~40 r/min, the seed quantity was increased with the increase of number of involute-type feeding unit and rotational speed. The range of seed quantity was 2 392~17 732 grains per minute. The variation coefficient of seed quantity was less than 1.0% for the rotational speed of 20~40 r/min. The seed hill feeding device could be applied in different varieties of rice seeds, but the seed quantity was affected by the length and bulk density of rice seed. The seed quantity per hill was increased with the increase of number of involute-type feeding unit, and decreased with the decrease of rotational speed. The optimum rotational speed which resulted in the variation coefficient of seed quantity per hill less than 25.0% was 20~30 r/min. The seed quantity per hill was 19~38 grains. The hill diameter was increased with the increase of number of involute-type feeding unit and rotational speed. The seed spacing was stable for different treatments. The field experiments indicated that the hill seeding could be realized by using the seed hill feeding device. The average seedlings and seed spacing were 3.07 seedlings per hill and 180.2 mm, respectively, which met the agronomic requirements of rice direct-seeding. The results can provide basis for structural design of pneumatic centralized metering device and hill seeding for hybrid rice. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Feeding

Controlled terms: Agronomy? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Pneumatics? - ?Speed? - ?Structural design

Uncontrolled terms: Different treatments? - ?Feeding devices? - ?Forming performance? - ?Hybrid rice? - ?Mechanical and physical properties? - ?Metering devices? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Variation coefficient

Classification code: 408.1 Structural Design, General? - ?632.3 Pneumatics? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 2.50e+01%, Rotational_Speed 1.00e+01RPM to 4.00e+01RPM, Rotational_Speed 2.00e+01RPM to 3.00e+01RPM, Rotational_Speed 2.00e+01RPM to 4.00e+01RPM, Size 1.80e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.007

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

6. Design and Experiment of Castor Dehulling and Cleaning Device with Double Curved Table

Accession number: 20190706505169

Authors: Hou, Junming (1); Bai, Jingbo (1); He, Tao (1); Yang, Yong (1); Li, Jinpeng (1); Yao, Enchao (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 132-140

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency of castor shelling, the method of tumbling shelling was determined, and the shelling device with double curved table structure was designed. The cleaning mechanism combined vibration screening and air suction was designed. Depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the castor fruit, the asymmetrical double circular table structure of the inner shell of husking device was designed. The taper angle was determined and the outer shell of the shelling drum was designed, the mathematical model of the position of the shelling drum and the shelling gap at different stages was established, and a theoretical basis was provided for the dynamic simulation of the shelling device;the ADAMS was used to extract the nettle. The kinematics simulation was carried out in different shelling stages to analyze the variation of the displacement and velocity of the material in the fracturing stage and the shelling stage, and analyze the influence of gap of discharge port of different unloading drums on each stage. The simulation results showed that in the fracturing stage, with the increase of gap of discharge port of upper shelling drum, the time after castor fruit reached the specific fracturing position was delayed, the displacement was increased, the speed of movement reached the maximum at 0.56 s. In the shelling stage, with the increase of gap of discharge port of lower shelling drum, the time when the castor seed reached the specific shelling position was delayed;when the castor seed reached the shell breaking condition, the displacement was increased, and the moving speed was firstly increased and then decreased. According to the ADAMS simulation results, the reasonable working parameter interval of the adjustable castor shelling and clearing device was selected, taking the speed of the shelling drum, the gap of the upper shelling drum outlet and the gap of the lower shelling drum outlet as the factors. The response surface analysis method was used to test the sealing device. After double target optimization, the rotation speed of the drum was 270 r/min, the gap of discharge port of upper shelling drum was 13.54 mm, and the gap of outlet of lower shelling drum was 5 mm. The test result showed that the performance of the sealing device was the best. The removal rate was 92.03% and the breakage rate was 3.1%. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Air cleaners

Controlled terms: Fracture? - ?Fruits? - ?Mechanical properties? - ?Surface analysis? - ?Unloading

Uncontrolled terms: Castor? - ?Filter? - ?Frustum? - ?Kinematics simulation? - ?Physical and mechanical properties? - ?Response surface analysis methods? - ?Shelling? - ?Vibration screenings

Classification code: 451.2 Air Pollution Control? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.10e+00%, Percentage 9.20e+01%, Rotational_Speed 2.70e+02RPM, Size 1.35e-02m, Size 5.00e-03m, Time 5.60e-01s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.015

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

7. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Vision Detection Technology of Green Mango on Tree in Natural Environment

Accession number: 20190706505157

Authors: Xiong, Juntao (1); Liu, Zhen (1); Lin, Rui (1); Chen, Shumian (1); Chen, Weijie (1); Yang, Zhengang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mathematics and Informatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China

Corresponding author: Yang, Zhengang(yzg@scau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 23-29

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to detect the mango yield on trees rapidly, a green mango visual detection method based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was proposed. The deep learning technology and the YOLOv2 model were adopted to detect the mango images captured by UAV. Firstly, totally 471 images of the mango on trees were collected by the UAV. To meet the demand of diversity, totally 360 images included different shooting distances and different lighting situations were selected. Among which, 300 images were selected randomly as the training set, the other 60 images were used as the test set. Also, the shooting plan of the whole tree was designed. By image collecting and image mosaic, the integrated images of five mango trees were worked out for the yield estimating experiment of mango. After image collection, these images were marked manually and used to build the training set and the test set. The batch size and the initial learning rate were determined by experiments. During the model training, the learning rate was reduced gradually as the training times were changed. The mean average precision (MAP) of the trained model on the training set was 86.43%. By designing the experiments, the accuracy of mango recognition with images that containing different fruit numbers and different lighting conditions was worked out. Also, the yield estimation experiment was designed. The experimental results showed that the average running time of an image using the given algorithm was 0.08 s, while the accuracy of the teat set was 90.64% and the false recognition rate was 9.36%; the highest recognition accuracy of image with different numbers of fruits was 94.55% and the lowest was 88.05%. The recognition accuracy was 93.42% under the condition of direct sunlight, and the recognition accuracy was 87.18% under the condition of backlight. The average error of the yield estimation of mango tree was 12.79%. The result demonstrated that the algorithm was effective for mango in natural environment, which can provide technical support for estimating the yield of fruits and vegetables in intelligent agricultural production. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Fruits

Controlled terms: Aircraft detection? - ?Antennas? - ?Deep learning? - ?Forestry? - ?Learning algorithms? - ?Lighting? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural productions? - ?Average running time? - ?Detection technology? - ?False recognition rate? - ?Fruits and vegetables? - ?Green mango? - ?Learning techniques? - ?Visual detection

Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.28e+01%, Percentage 8.64e+01%, Percentage 8.72e+01%, Percentage 8.80e+01%, Percentage 9.06e+01%, Percentage 9.34e+01%, Percentage 9.45e+01%, Time 8.00e-02s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.003

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

8. Detection of Soil Moisture Content Based on UAV-derived Hyperspectral Imagery and Spectral Index in Oasis Cropland

Accession number: 20190706505173

Authors: Wang, Jingzhe (1, 2); Ding, Jianli (1, 2); Ma, Xuankai (3); Ge, Xiangyu (1, 2); Liu, Bohua (1, 2); Liang, Jing (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (3) Xinjiang Lianhaichuangzhi Information Technology Co., Ltd., Urumqi; 830011, China

Corresponding author: Ding, Jianli(watarid@xju.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 164-172

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Soil moisture content (SMC) is one of the most critical soil components for successful plant growth and land management, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas. In existing researches, it was determined by a conventional method based on oven drying of samples collected from fields. The first derivative (FD), absorbance (Abs) and continuum-removal (CR) algorithm were brought into the preprocessing of hyperspectral data based on the initial Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing. With SMC data and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform derived imaging hyperspectral imagery collected from the cropland in Fukang Oasis, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. Then, the raw hyperspectral reflectance data were transformed into five preprocessing, i.e., SG, SG-FD, CR, Abs and Abs-FD. In addition, the relationships between SMC and pretreated difference index (DI), ratio index (RI), normalization index (NDI) and perpendicular vegetation index (PVI) were discussed. The correlation coefficients between each spectral index and SMC were also computed. Based on the optimal spectral index and pretreatment scheme, the hyperspectral quantitative estimating model was constructed for the dictation of SMC in oasis cropland in arid area. The result showed that the correlation between pretreated spectral index and SMC was improved to some extent, and the PVI (R644, R651) based on Abs preprocessing was the best with correlation coefficient of 0.788. The cubic fitting function was optimal. On the basis of noise elimination, the multivariable SMC estimation model based on different preprocessing schemes could detect much finer spectral information from reflectance data, reduce the error caused by the single spectral index, and further improve the quantitative estimation effect of the model. The prediction accuracy of the Abs model was the most prominent, with Rc2 of 0.84, RMSE of 2.16%, Rp2 of 0.91 and RMSE of 1.71%. The effect of the SMC estimation model constructed was based on the preprocessing and noise elimination. The constructed SMC estimation model could reduce the error of independent single variable;and further resolve the problem of over fitting. The model could be used for hyperspectral mapping and performance estimating. The research result could provide a novel perspective and scheme for the remote sensed detection of soil water condition, especially in the arid and semi-arid areas. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Aircraft detection

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Arid regions? - ?Autonomous vehicles? - ?Finite difference method? - ?Hyperspectral imaging? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Reflection? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Spectroscopy ? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

Uncontrolled terms: Arid and semi-arid areas? - ?Correlation coefficient? - ?Hyper spectra? - ?Hyper-spectral imageries? - ?Hyperspectral reflectance? - ?Perpendicular vegetation index? - ?Quantitative estimation? - ?Spectral indices

Classification code: 443 Meteorology? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.71e+00%, Percentage 2.16e+00%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.019

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

9. Simulation and Experiment on Stubble Clearance Mechanism with Concave Claw-type for No-tillage Planter

Accession number: 20190706505162

Authors: Jia, Honglei (1, 2); Liu, Hang (1, 2); Yu, Haibo (1, 2); Lu, Yun (1, 2); Guo, Chunjiang (1, 2); Qi, Jiangtao (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China; (2) School of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China

Corresponding author: Qi, Jiangtao(qijiangtao@jlu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 68-77

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The stubble clearance efficiency of instrument is an important indicator of no-tillage seeding under the mode of protective farming mode. Based on the conservation tillage model in Northeast China, a straw cleaning mechanism with concave structure was designed and improved on the 2BMZF-2 no-till planter produced by Jilin Kangda Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. In addition, factors such as the operating speed of planter in the stubble clearance mechanism, the soil contacting depth of stubble clearance wheel and the movement declination angle of stubble clearance wheel were analyzed. The key parameters of stubble clearance mechanism were identified according to the simulation analysis and the analysis on the results of field trial, which can be listed as follows: the diameter of stubble clearance wheel disc was 350 mm, the angle between the movement direction of the stubble clearance wheel and the working direction of no-tillage planter was 37.5°, and the soil contacting depth was 70 mm. The result of the experiment indicated that the stubble clearance rate could reach up to as high as 83.61% at the operating speed of 2.77 m/s. The stubble clearance mechanism designed could effectively clean the seedbed and prevent the blocking of instrument, which, in the meantime, was suitable for the uniform ridge farming mode of maize as well as the wide and narrow row farming mode of maize. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Seed

Controlled terms: Cultivation? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Soil conservation? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Concave structures? - ?Conservation tillage? - ?Declination angles? - ?Field trial? - ?No-tillage planter? - ?No-tillage seeding? - ?Simulation analysis? - ?Straw mulching

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?601.3 Mechanisms? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.36e+01%, Size 3.50e-01m, Size 7.00e-02m, Velocity 2.77e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.008

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

10. An Automatic Drive Control Technique for Rice Drill Seeder in Uneven Paddy Fields

Accession number: 20190706505156

Authors: Zhang, Yan (1); Li, Yanming (1); Liu, Xiangpeng (1); Tao, Jianfeng (1); Liu, Chengliang (1); Li, Ruichuan (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China; (2) Shandong Wuzheng (Group) Co., Ltd., Rizhao; 262399, China

Corresponding author: Li, Yanming(ymli@sjtu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 15-22

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: For the purpose of overcoming the obstacles in application of autonomous rice drill seeder in paddy fields, a path tracking algorithm with high accuracy used for steering control during straight traveling in uneven mud paddy fields was introduced. Combining lateral deviation and heading angle deviation as feedback, a nonlinear steering control model was developed in the algorithm. Integrators were added to the nonlinear control model to eliminate the steady-state errors. Moreover, the velocity of vehicle was also taken into account in the model to improve the path tracking accuracy of the algorithm. To avoid the position error caused by incline, the influence caused by the roll angle and the pitch angle of the vehicle on position coordinates given by GPS were taken into account when the vehicle was on a slant. The algorithm about turn control at the edge of the field was introduced. The overall control scheme was implemented and the experiments carried out in arable paddy fields showed that the mean absolute lateral deviation of the algorithm was 0.027 m and the mean heading angle deviation was 0.027°. The path tracking algorithm was able to meet the required precision for autonomous rice drill seeder in paddy fields of China. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 31

Main heading: Infill drilling

Controlled terms: Automobile steering equipment? - ?Drills? - ?Steering? - ?Tracking (position)

Uncontrolled terms: Control methods? - ?Lateral deviation? - ?Non linear control? - ?Paddy fields? - ?Position coordinates? - ?Required precision? - ?Rice drill seeder? - ?Steady state errors

Classification code: 511.1 Oil Field Production Operations? - ?603.2 Machine Tool Accessories? - ?662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components

Numerical data indexing: Size 2.70e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.002

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

11. Design and Test of Combined Probe for Compactness and Water Content of Silage

Accession number: 20190706505174

Authors: Meng, Fanjia (1); Wei, Hongyi (1); Meng, Delun (2); Li, Li (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Li, Li(lily@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 173-179

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In the process of silage production, the compactness and moisture content will affect the quality of silage and even lead to failure of silage. But most instruments are designed to obtain a specified parameter which is unable to accurately evaluate the silage quality. A combined probe was designed to simultaneously measure the compactness and water content of silage based on the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) standard. Cone angle was 30°, probe diameter was 12.83 mm and probe length was 50 mm. According to the principle of resistance strain and frequency domain method, the moisture electrode and resistance strain gauge were designed in the cone probe. In order to evaluate the applicability of the combined probe, calibration and validation were carried out with a motor-operated penetrometer. The calibration included two processes: power stroke and return stroke. The force calibration test showed that, in each process, there was a linear equation with a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.99 relating the output of the combined probe to force values within the range of 0~1 kN. The water content calibration was tested by ten kinds of silage samples, and it was showed that the water content was linearly related to the outputs of the combined probe in the range from 29.9% to 67.8%, and the determination coefficient reached 0.909. The validation was tested by three kinds of silage samples, and it was demonstrated that the combined probe could response the variation of the compactness and water content of silage simultaneously and eliminate the effect of penetration friction component. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 29

Main heading: Probes

Controlled terms: Calibration? - ?Frequency domain analysis? - ?Moisture? - ?Quality control? - ?Strain gages? - ?Water content

Uncontrolled terms: Biological engineers? - ?Calibration and validations? - ?Combined probes? - ?Compactness? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Resistance strain gauges? - ?Silage? - ?Strain and frequency

Classification code: 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?943.1 Mechanical Instruments

Numerical data indexing: Force 0.00e+00N to 1.00e+03N, Percentage 2.99e+01% to 6.78e+01%, Size 1.28e-02m, Size 5.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.020

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

12. Theoretical Analysis and Experiment on Compliant Microgripper Mechanism

Accession number: 20190706505201

Authors: Yu, Yueqing (1); Zhang, Yatao (1); Zhang, Xuping (2); Song, Peng (1); Tian, Dongming (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus; 8000 C, Denmark

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 386-391

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As an end-effector in the micromanipulation system, the compliant microgripper is of great importance in micro manipulations. A pseudo-rigid-body model of a novel compliant microgripper was established, and the kinematic equations were formulated based on developing and analyzing the pseudo-rigid-body model by using the principle of virtual work. The relationship between input and output displacements as well as the relationship between input force and output displacement were then derived. The analytical model was verified via 3D simulations by using ANSYS software. The simulation results were compared with the theoretical results and the error was less than 2.8% within the required range. Finally, the compliant microgripper was fabricated and the micromanipulation system was established. Then displacement experimental tests were conducted by using the fabricated microgripper. Experimental data was compared with both analytical and simulation results to further validate the accuracy of the analytical model. It was proved that the new microgripper displacement can get 89.65 μm with 1 V voltage applied. And the error between the analytical results and experimental data was not more than 3.2% in useable range. The displacement characteristics were got by the pseudo-rigid-body model and verified by the simulation results and the experiments data. The microgripper can manipulate suitable subjects with size within 500 μm to 679 μm from the analysis results. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Grippers

Controlled terms: Analytical models? - ?Compliant mechanisms? - ?Experiments? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Micromanipulators? - ?Rigid structures

Uncontrolled terms: Analytical results? - ?Displacement characteristic? - ?Kinematic equations? - ?Micro manipulation systems? - ?Microgripper? - ?Principle of virtual work? - ?Pseudo rigid bodies? - ?Pseudo-rigid body models

Classification code: 408 Structural Design? - ?601.3 Mechanisms? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?901.3 Engineering Research? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.80e+00%, Percentage 3.20e+00%, Size 5.00e-04m to 6.79e-04m, Size 8.96e-05m, Voltage 1.00e+00V

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.047

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

13. Tree Species Identification Methods Based on Point Cloud Data Using Ground-based LiDAR

Accession number: 20190706505175

Authors: Wang, Jia (1, 2); Zhang, Longyu (1, 2); Lü, Chundong (1, 2); Niu, Liwei (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Surveying and 3S Technology Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 180-188

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The traditional tree species identification depends on time-consuming and labor-intensive efficiency of artificial field survey. In order to more effectively utilize the point cloud data identification tree of ground-based LiDAR, taking Beijing Forestry University as the research area, and FARO Photon 120 ground-based LiDAR was used to obtain point cloud data of a sample set of 92 trees, four tree species in the study area. According to the three-dimensional coordinate values of point cloud, the six tree-measuring factors of breast diameter, height of branches, height of tree, height of crown, width of crown, and the longest direction of vertical trees in the study area were extracted, and the extracted tree-measuring factors were combined. The robust tree features six parameters, namely crown length tree height ratio, DBH height ratio, crown height tree height ratio, branch angle, crown length ratio, maximum crown width and vertical direction. For the ratio of crown width, the tree species were automatically identified by using the tree-measuring factor and the combined feature point parameters to support the tree sample by using the support vector machine, the classification regression decision tree and the random forest. The results showed that for the tree identification method using tree-measuring factor, the average accuracy of recognition was 0.765, and the average recall rate was 0.778. Among the three identification methods, the best effect was classification regression decision, followed by random forest, and finally support vector. Using the combined feature parameter tree identification method, the average accuracy of recognition was 0.891, and the average recall rate was 0.896. The best method was random forest and support vector machine, followed by classification regression decision. In general, the combined feature parameter method had higher accuracy and recall rate of single tree species or overall than those of the tree-measuring factor method, random forests were relatively the best for three different classification methods. The research result showed that the tree species identification classification combining the point cloud obtained by ground-based LiDAR and different machine learning classification methods could achieve satisfactory results and save a lot of time and manpower. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Main heading: Optical radar

Controlled terms: Decision trees? - ?Forestry? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Support vector machines

Uncontrolled terms: Combined features? - ?Ground-based lidars? - ?Point cloud? - ?Tree measuring factor? - ?Tree species

Classification code: 716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?961 Systems Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.021

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

14. Online Identification of Apple Scarring and Stems/Calyxes Based on Texture and Edge Gradient Features

Accession number: 20190706505193

Authors: Li, Long (1, 2); Peng, Yankun (1, 2); Li, Yongyu (1, 2); Wang, Fan (1, 2); Zhang, Jie (3)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) National R&D Center for Agro-processing Equipment, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center of Beijing Entry Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Beijing; 100026, China

Corresponding author: Peng, Yankun(ypeng@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 328-335

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve problems relating to online recognition of stems/calyxes and bruise of apples, a self-designed machine vision inspection system was applied to online image acquisition of apples, images of three different motion states were synthesized by the automatic segmentation synthesis algorithm, and stems/calyxes and bruise in images of apples were extracted by the area-of-interest extraction algorithm. To study applicability of different characteristics of images, early bruise mid-term bruise and later bruise were identified through variables of textural features and edge gradient features respectively. As textures of stems and calyxes were more complex than those of early and middle bruise, the support vector machine model based on two variables of textural features, namely entropy and energy/angular second moment, was used and showed a good effect with an overall accuracy of 97%. Due to brown stain and depression of the most later bruises, its textural characteristics were similar to those of stems and calyxes. Hence, later bruise can not be distinguished from stems and calyxes with parameters of textural characteristics. As a result, an edge gradient features extraction algorithm was designed to extract peak intensity and peak positions of later bruises, stems and calyxes and a support vector machine model was created with an overall accuracy of 96%. On this basis, a comprehensive inspection algorithm about stems/calyxes and bruise of apples was designed. Totally 80 different types of bruise-related algorithms were purchased to verify this algorithm and its accuracy reached 95%. Testing results showed that online recognition of stems/calyxes and bruise of apples could be realized through this algorithm. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Fruits

Controlled terms: Computer vision? - ?Extraction? - ?Image acquisition? - ?Image segmentation? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Textures

Uncontrolled terms: Apple? - ?Automatic segmentations? - ?Machine vision inspection? - ?On-line identification? - ?Scars? - ?Stems/calyxes? - ?Support vector machine models? - ?Textural characteristic

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.50e+01%, Percentage 9.60e+01%, Percentage 9.70e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.039

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

15. Theoretical Analysis and Experiment of Multi-pump and Multi-motor Regulating System

Accession number: 20190706504957

Authors: Wen, Desheng (1); Sui, Guangdong (1); Liu, Xiaoxue (1); Tian, Shanheng (1); Wang, Shaopeng (1); Feng, Peikun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 419-426

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In traditional pressure control loops, the power elements use a conventional single-acting pump. When the circuit uses only one pump to provide pressure, the pressure control loop cannot meet the system’s need for multiple flows. The new multi-pump and multi-speed motors were based on the double stator theory and a new type of hydraulic components was developed, which can achieve a pump (motor) multi-output. When the conventional single-acting pump and single-acting motor were used in the conventional hydraulic circuit, the hydraulic circuit at this time was a new type of hydraulic circuit. Due to the special nature of the components, the system can meet the needs of multiple outputs and multiple powers. Since the new hydraulic circuit reduced a lot of control elements, the new hydraulic circuit can save a lot of energy when implementing the same functions as the traditional hydraulic circuit. The experimental results of the new multi-pump and multi-speed motor pressure control circuit showed that with the increase of the system pressure, the measured flow of the double stator pump was decreased;the volumetric efficiency of the double stator pump was decreased with the increase of pressure difference, the mechanical efficiency and total efficiency were increased with it. Although the error was caused by some uncontrollable factors, it verified the feasibility of the circuit and the rationality of hydraulic components. The experimental results laid the foundation for the innovation and development of multi-pumps (motors) for other hydraulic circuits. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Hydraulic equipment

Controlled terms: Experiments? - ?Hydraulic machinery? - ?Pressure control? - ?Pumps? - ?Stators

Uncontrolled terms: Mechanical efficiency? - ?Multi motors? - ?Multiple outputs? - ?Pressure control loops? - ?Pressure differences? - ?Pressure regulating system? - ?Uncontrollable factors? - ?Volumetric efficiency

Classification code: 618.2 Pumps? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?705.1 Electric Machinery, General? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?901.3 Engineering Research

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.051

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

16. Water Temperature Prediction in Pond Aquaculture Based on EMD-IGA-SELM Neural Network

Accession number: 20190706505191

Authors: Shi, Pei (1, 2); Yuan, Yongming (1); Kuang, Liang (3); Li, Guanghui (2); Zhang, Hongyan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi; 214081, China; (2) School of IoT Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi; 214122, China; (3) School of IoT Engineering, Jiangsu Vocational College of Information Technology, Wuxi; 214153, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 312-319

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to guide the intensive aquaculture effectively and improve the accuracy and stability of water temperature prediction, based on the analysis of water temperature factors, a prediction model (EMD-IGA-SELM) was proposed with the combination of empirical mode decomposition (EMD), improved genetic algorithm (IGA) and improved extreme learning machine (SELM). Firstly, the outlier and missing data were corrected with the calculation of composite meteorological index. Secondly, the Pearson correlation was utilized to explore the relationships between affecting factors and water temperature, and construct the input and output of prediction model. Then, Softplus function was used as activation function of SELM to replace Sigmoid. The best weight and threshold of SELM were obtained from the IGA, which introduced the chaotic sequence to traditional GA. Finally, EMD algorithm was applied to decompose the original water temperature time series into a series of intrinsic mode function (IMF). IGA-SELM prediction models were trained in each IMF sequence, and the predicted values were calculated by the sum of predicted value in each IMF sequence. The experimental results showed that EMD-IGA-SELM had better prediction accuracy, and the mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of GA-SELM were 0.123 3, 0.004 3 and 0.147 8, respectively. Research results met the practical needs of the aquaculture and provided decision support for water quality management and control. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 28

Main heading: Signal processing

Controlled terms: Aquaculture? - ?Correlation methods? - ?Decision support systems? - ?Errors? - ?Fish ponds? - ?Forecasting? - ?Genetic algorithms? - ?Knowledge acquisition? - ?Learning algorithms? - ?Machine learning ? - ?Mean square error? - ?Quality control? - ?Quality management? - ?Temperature? - ?Water conservation? - ?Water management? - ?Water quality

Uncontrolled terms: Activation functions? - ?Empirical Mode Decomposition? - ?Extreme learning machine? - ?Intensive aquacultures? - ?Intrinsic Mode functions? - ?Mean absolute percentage error? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Water temperatures

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?445.2 Water Analysis? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?912.2 Management? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.037

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

17. Performance Simulation and Experiment on Rigid Press Wheel for Hilly Area

Accession number: 20190706505167

Authors: Liu, Hongjun (1); Han, Jiyuan (1); Chen, Jiaqi (1); Lü, Jinqing (1); Zhao, Shuhong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Zhao, Shuhong(shhzh091@sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 114-122

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: For the repression of hilly area in Northeast China, the soil moisture content of different topography is different and the topography varies greatly. To achieve better repression effect, the corresponding load and forward speed need to be matched. In order to find the optimal level combination of rigid crushing wheel operation in hilly areas, velocity variables were firstly added to establish a dynamic repression and soil mechanism model based on quasi-static principle of repressive and soil mechanism model, and seek soil moisture content, load and advancement. The relationship between speed and soil subsidence and working resistance was then obtained based on SPH algorithm to construct a three-dimensional simulation model of rigid repression wheel and soil in LS-DYNA software to simulate the dynamic process of interaction between rigid repressing wheel and soil. The numerical simulation method was combined with the central surface composite response test scheme to carry out the simulation test. The mathematical regression model of soil water content, load, forward speed, soil subsidence and working resistance was obtained by simulation test. On this basis, the R language was used. The ant colony algorithm performed multi-objective optimization on the mathematical regression model to obtain the Pareto optimal solution set, and the water contents of(12±0.1)%,(14±0.1)%,(16±0.1)%,(18±0.1)% and (20±0.1)% were selected to find the five optimal solutions. The soil trough test was carried out to verify the optimal solution. The error between the test result and prediction result was less than 12%, which indicated the reliability of test optimization result and also verified the feasibility of simulation. The research result can provide theoretical and data basis for the research of planter and supporting technology in hilly area. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Three dimensional computer graphics

Controlled terms: Ant colony optimization? - ?Computer software? - ?Dynamics? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Multiobjective optimization? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Optimal systems? - ?Pareto principle? - ?Presses (machine tools)? - ?Regression analysis ? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Subsidence? - ?Topography? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Hilly areas? - ?Numerical simulation method? - ?Pareto optimal solutions? - ?Performance simulation? - ?Sinkage? - ?SPH methods? - ?Supporting technology? - ?Three dimensional simulations

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?603.1 Machine Tools, General? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements? - ?951 Materials Science? - ?961 Systems Science

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.20e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.013

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

18. Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Regulation Models on Nitrogen Distribution and Availability in Paddy Soils

Accession number: 20190706505179

Authors: Zhang, Zhongxue (1, 2); Chen, Peng (1, 2); Nie, Tangzhe (1, 2); Jiang, Hao (1, 2); Meng, Xiangyan (3); Yang, Junming (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China; (3) College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 210-219

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to further elucidate the effects of different water and nitrogen regulation models on the accumulation of ammonium and nitrate in different soil layers and the effectiveness of soil nitrogen in the black soil region of cold area, based on field plot experiment and 15N tracing micro-zone test, the inorganic nitrogen and NH4+-15N and NO3--15N accumulations of nitrogen in soil profiles under different water and nitrogen regulation models were studied, and the effect of different water and nitrogen regulation models on soil nitrogen availability was calculated according to the results of isotopic determination. The results showed that the accumulation of soil inorganic nitrogen and fertilizer nitrogen with inorganic nitrogen form residue in the soil profile was increased with the increase of nitrogen application and decreased with the increase of soil depth in two irrigation modes under controlled irrigation and conventional irrigation. The accumulation of inorganic nitrogen and nitrogen in the form of inorganic nitrogen in surface soil (0~20 cm) of paddy-controlled irrigation mode under different nitrogen application rates was higher than that of conventional irrigation. The total amount of inorganic nitrogen and NO3--15N in 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil layers was lower than that of conventional irrigation, and the accumulation of NH4+-15N in 40~60 cm soil layer under low nitrogen fertilization between two irrigation modes was not significant (P>0.05). The NO3--15N accumulation of 20~40 cm soil layer in conventional irrigation mode at the same nitrogen application rate was 10~11 times than that of controlled irrigation mode. The NO3--15N accumulation of 40~60 cm soil layer was nearly three times higher than that of control irrigation mode. Totally 77.77%~84.51% of the accumulation of nitrogen under rice-controlled irrigation mode at different nitrogen application rates was from soil nitrogen, which was 12.91%~23.12% higher than that under conventional irrigation, and the “A” value expressing soil nitrogen availability in rice-controlled irrigation mode under the same nitrogen application was increased by 9.41%, 5.65% and 3.69%, respectively. Compared with conventional irrigation, the rice-controlled irrigation mode can effectively improve the nitrogen efficiency of paddy soil, reduce the leaching loss of fertilizer nitrogen, and play an important role in saving water and reducing emissions, and the research results can provide a reference for the formulation of reasonable water and nitrogen control measures in the black soil area. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Soil pollution

Controlled terms: Irrigation? - ?Isotopes? - ?Nitrates? - ?Nitrogen fertilizers? - ?Soils

Uncontrolled terms: Ammonium nitrogen? - ?Isotope-tracer techniques? - ?Nitrate nitrogen? - ?Nitrogen availability? - ?Rice

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.69e+00%, Percentage 5.65e+00%, Percentage 9.41e+00%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m, Size 4.00e-01m to 6.00e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.025

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

19. Coupling Effect of Biochar and Fertilizer on Soil Water Content and Tomato Yield

Accession number: 20190706505187

Authors: Gou, Mangmang (1); Qu, Zhongyi (2, 3)

Author affiliation: (1) Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Department, Inner Mongolia Technical College of Mechanics and Electrics, Huhhot; 010070, China; (2) College of Water Conservation and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China; (3) Institute of Irrigation and Drainage in Cold and Arid Regions, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China

Corresponding author: Qu, Zhongyi(quzhongyi@imau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 283-288

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: To explore the effects of biochar and fertilizer interaction on tomato soil moisture content and yield, five biochar levels were set at 0 t/hm2 (B1), 10 t/hm2 (B2), 20 t/hm2(B3), 40 t/hm2 (B4) and 60 t/hm2 (B5);two fertilization levels were set at mid-fertilizer (F1) and low-fertilizer (F2). The results showed that with the increase of biochar application, the soil water content of the high-biochars were increased. Among them, B4F1 was the most significant and was increased by 40%. However, the soil water content in 20~40 cm was opposite to that of 0~20 cm. Compared with the control, it showed a downward trend. Among them, B4F1 and B4F2 had the smallest soil water content, which was only 70% of the control. The overall changing trend of soil water content in 40~80 cm was consistent with that in 20~40 cm. After the application of biochar, the changing range (Ka) and variation degree (Cv) of soil water content were decreased. For the same depth of soil, with the increase of application rate, the biochar Ka and Cv appeared decreasing trend. Compared with the control, the Cv under high application of charcoal (B4F1, B4F2, B5F1 and B5F2) was relatively small. With the growth of tomatoes, the effect of soil water content on the vertical profile showed that compared with the control the higher application of biochar (B4F1, B4F2, B5F1 and B5F2) effectively maintained the effective water. With the increase of biochar application, the increase in tomato yields was firstly increased and then decreased, and both were higher than that of control. The yield of B4F1, B4F2, B5F1 and B5F2 were increased by 46.34%, 58.61%, 49.63% and 39.18%, respectively. Among them, the yield of B4F2 treatment was the highest. There was no significant difference in different fertilization treatments. The research results can provide a basis for agricultural production in semi-arid regions of Inner Mongolia. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Soil moisture

Controlled terms: Arid regions? - ?Charcoal? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Fruits

Uncontrolled terms: Bio chars? - ?Inner Mongolia? - ?Soil water content? - ?Tomato? - ?Yield

Classification code: 443 Meteorology? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?524 Solid Fuels? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.92e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 4.63e+01%, Percentage 4.96e+01%, Percentage 5.86e+01%, Percentage 7.00e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m, Size 4.00e-01m to 8.00e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.033

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

20. Experiment and Design of Fresh Air Ventilation System for Chicken House

Accession number: 20190706505192

Authors: Chen, Hui (1); Tong, Yaguang (1); Zhang, Yan (2); Song, Jiangfei (3); Zhou, Rongyan (1); Huang, Renlu (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding; 071000, China; (2) Shenyang Shenhai Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Shenyang; 110000, China; (3) Hebei Shangfei Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang; 050065, China

Corresponding author: Huang, Renlu(531613107@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 320-327

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to explore a kind of ventilation method with heat preservation, high efficiency and low operating cost about the chicken house, according to the principle of thermal balance, the fresh air ventilation system was adopted for the ventilation of chicken house, which used a high efficiency gas-air plate heat exchanger. It was different from the traditional plate-fin sandwich type heat exchange core body, but the special design at the inlet and outlet increased the length of countercurrent portion and reduced the length of cross-flow portion. The fresh air passage and exhaust passage were arranged at intervals in honeycomb body. It was a heat recovery ventilation system with low production cost, simple manufacturing process and high heat exchange efficiency. The temperature, relative humidity, sensible heat exchange efficiency, and growth performance of the chicken house were monitored with a fresh air ventilation system installed, and the cost of regenerative fresh air ventilator was analyzed. The test results showed that the temperature and relative humidity of test group and control group can meet the requirements of each week. And at the fourth week, the air temperature and relative humidity in the test group were 24.91 and 48.96%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (P3, 7.28 mg/m3, 12.54 mg/m3 and 107.58 mg/m3, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (P0.05), which indicated that the heat recovery and fresh air ventilator can meet the growth needs of the chickens;from the heat recovery effect point of view, when the outdoor temperature during the test was-8~8, the recovery cost days was about 80 d. When the outdoor temperature was lower than 19, the fresh air ventilation system can balance the heat recovery efficiency and ventilation requirements and meet the ventilation and energy saving needs of livestock houses. It was concluded that it had a good ventilation effect when the fresh air ventilation system was used in a chicken house. It was an effective way to solve the contradiction between heat insulation and ventilation of a chicken house. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Ventilation

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Air? - ?Air quality? - ?Ammonia? - ?Animals? - ?Atmospheric temperature? - ?Carbon dioxide? - ?Energy conservation? - ?Heat exchangers? - ?Heating ? - ?Houses? - ?Humidity control? - ?Quality control? - ?Space heating? - ?Testing? - ?Ventilation exhausts? - ?Waste heat? - ?Waste heat utilization

Uncontrolled terms: Fresh air? - ?Heat exchange efficiency? - ?Heat recovery efficiency? - ?Manufacturing process? - ?Plate heat exchangers? - ?Temperature and relative humidity? - ?Ventilation requirements? - ?Ventilation systems

Classification code: 402.3 Residences? - ?443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?451.2 Air Pollution Control? - ?525 Energy Management and Conversion? - ?616.1 Heat Exchange Equipment and Components? - ?643.1 Space Heating? - ?643.5 Ventilation? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.08e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 1.25e-05kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.61e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 7.28e-06kg/m3, Percentage 4.90e+01%, Percentage 8.00e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.038

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

21. Modeling and Experiment on Mechanical Properties of Barley Grain Based on 3D Laser Scanning

Accession number: 20190706505195

Authors: Peng, Fei (1); Fang, Fang (2); Wang, Hongying (3)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) College of Chemistry and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou; 450001, China; (3) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Fang, Fang(fangf@zzu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 342-348

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to explore the mechanical properties of barley grain in the operation process of harvesting, threshing, storage, transportation and so on, the compression experiment and finite element simulation method (FEM) of barley grain were carried out. At present, the conventional modeling method of irregular shape agricultural material was simplified into regular body to deal with. Because of the difference between barley grain and simulation model in size and surface shape, the actual physical parameters of barley grain were not suitable for the finite element model which was approximately treated, thus existing a few problems, such as more sample consumption and cumbersome measurement. Five wet basis moisture content (7.94%, 11.02%, 14.29%, 16.85% and 20.37%) and three kinds of loading directions (horizontal, width and vertical directions) of barley grain were selected as test materials. Mechanical parameters like and different forms of damage, rupture strength, elastic modulus and compression work of barley grain were measured by universal materials tester. The compression tests results showed that under these conditions the elastic modulus of barley grain was 87.39~167.84 MPa, the rupture strength of barley grain was 70.40~157.32 N, the yield strength of barley grain was 0.85~2.12 MPa, and the maximum strain of barley grain was 0.26%~1.15%. The results showed that the elastic modulus, rupture strength and yield strength of barley grain were descended obviously with the increase of moisture content. The rupture strength in width direction was the maximum and in vertical direction was the minimum under the condition of the same moisture content. The elastic modulus in horizontal direction was bigger than that in vertical direction. Then the three-dimensional finite element model of barley grain was built based on 3D laser scanning technology, point clouds of barley grain were acquired by the software Geomagic Studio which were processed by cloud processing and reverse modeling techniques to get high quality point clouds, thus a geometric model highly similar to the real barley grain was obtained. And mechanical analogue simulation was performed based on the geometric model. The compression test results and finite element solutions were compared, and the maximal difference was 7.2%, which showed that the modeling method of barley grain based on 3D laser scanning technology was effective and accurate. The modeling method of barley grain provided a new technology to improve the accuracy of the irregular agricultural material model and reduce the simulation error. Meanwhile, the mechanics parameters and the rules of barley grain could provide reference for its utilization and optimization of related processing machinery. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Grain (agricultural product)

Controlled terms: 3D modeling? - ?Compression testing? - ?Compressive strength? - ?Elastic moduli? - ?Finite element method? - ?Geometry? - ?Laser applications? - ?Machinery? - ?Mechanical properties? - ?Moisture ? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Scanning? - ?Yield stress

Uncontrolled terms: 3D Laser scanning? - ?3D-laserscanning technology? - ?Compression experiments? - ?Finite element simulations? - ?Finite element solution? - ?Mechanical model? - ?Mechanical parameters? - ?Three dimensional finite element model

Classification code: 744.9 Laser Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements? - ?951 Materials Science

Numerical data indexing: Force 7.04e+01N to 1.57e+02N, Percentage 1.10e+01%, Percentage 1.43e+01%, Percentage 1.69e+01%, Percentage 2.04e+01%, Percentage 7.20e+00%, Percentage 7.94e+00%, Pressure 8.50e+05Pa to 2.12e+06Pa, Pressure 8.74e+07Pa to 1.68e+08Pa

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.041

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

22. Effects of Ammoniated Straw Incorporation on Soil Water and Yield of Summer Maize (Zea mays L.)

Accession number: 20190706505180

Authors: Dong, Qin’ge (1, 2); Li, Yue (1, 3); Feng, Hao (1, 2); Yu, Kun (4); Dong, Wenjun (1, 3); Ding, Dianyuan (5)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) College of Water Resource and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (4) Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited of Power China, Xi’an; 710065, China; (5) School of Hydraulic Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225009, China

Corresponding author: Feng, Hao(nercwsi@vip.sina.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 220-229

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: It is of great significance for the sustainable development of agriculture in the arid and semi-arid region to seek effective straw resources returned to the farmland. A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different pre-treated straw returned to the farmland on the dynamics of several eco-physical characteristics of plant shoot height, leaf area index (LAI), aboveground biomass, canopy cover (CC), corn yield, soil water content, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency (WUE) so as to investigate the optimal scheme of the pretreated straw practices in 2014 and 2015. The experiments included two ammoniated straw levels (A0: no ammoniated straw;A1: ammoniated straw) and two straw length levels (L0: wheat straw was crushed into straw debris;L1: length of wheat straw was greater than 50 mm). The results indicated that the average volumetric soil water contents of ammoniated short wheat straw (wheat straw was crushed into straw debris) plowed into the soil (A1L0) were significantly higher than those of long wheat straw (length of wheat straw was greater than 50 mm) plowed into the soil (A0L1) by 10.7% in 2014 and 6.4% in 2015 during the summer maize growing season, respectively. Meanwhile, the treatment of ammoniated short wheat straw (wheat straw was crushed into straw debris) plowed into the soil (A1L0) could significantly increase average green canopy (CC) than other treatments by 3.7%~10.7% during the filling stage in two years, consecutively. Compared with other treatments, the treatment of A1L0 could significantly enhance average biomass, average corn yield and water use efficiency (WUE) by 2.1%~9.5%, 2.8%~9.1% and 1.7%~7.4% during the maturity stage in two years, respectively. The treatment of A1L0 could significantly increase the average corn yield and water use efficiency of summer maize. The average volumetric moisture content at 0~160 cm soil layers of ammoniated treatments were significantly higher than that of A0L0 and A0L1 treatments, and the ammoniated treatments (A1L0 and A1L1) significantly increased the crop water use efficiency in different growth periods. While the tendency between different treatments of water consumption was not significant, therefore, the treatment of ammoniated short wheat straw plowed into the soil (A1L0) can effectively promote the growth and yield of summer maize, which was a better measure for keeping soil water, promoting corn yields and enhancing water use efficiency (WUE). ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 51

Main heading: Straw

Controlled terms: Debris? - ?Efficiency? - ?Farms? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Water supply

Uncontrolled terms: Green canopy covers? - ?Straw incorporations? - ?Summer maize? - ?Water use efficiency? - ?Yield

Classification code: 446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.07e+01%, Percentage 2.01e+03%, Percentage 6.40e+00%, Size 0.00e+00m to 1.60e+00m, Size 5.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.026

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

23. Effect and Comprehensive Evaluation of Biochar Application Mode on Slope Farmland in Black Soil Region

Accession number: 20190706505183

Authors: Wei, Yongxia (1, 2); Shi, Guoxin (1); Wu, Yu (3, 4); Liu, Hui (2, 5)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China; (3) Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Survey and Research Institute, Harbin; 150090, China; (4) College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin; 150040, China; (5) School of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Hui(xiaolaida@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 251-259

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to study the mode of application of biochar in the black soil area, a field runoff plot of 3° slope cultivated land in Northeast China was studied for a period of three years. In 2015, according to the amount of biochar applied, five treatments of C0 (0 t/hm2), C25 (25 t/hm2), C50 (50 t/hm2), C75 (75 t/hm2) and C100 (100 t/hm2) were set up. The treatments were applied with the same amount of biochar in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The changes of soil physical and chemical properties, the effects of soil and water conservation and the effects of water-saving and yield-increasing were studied after applying biochar for three consecutive years in black soil area. And a model was established based on an improved TOPSIS to comprehensively evaluate the application mode of biochar. The results showed that the soil organic carbon density, pH value and the applied amount of biochar presented a linear increasing trend, the soil bulk density and the applied amount of biochar showed a linear decreasing trend, and the longer the service life was, the more obvious the effect was. The field water holding capacity and the applied amount of biochar were increased linearly in the first year. The C100 treatment had the largest amount of water in the field, which was 35.48%. And the field water capacity and applied amount of biochar during the two-year and three-year continuous applications showed a quadratic parabola changes. The parabola changes reached the maximum at C50 treatment, which were 36.20% and 36.24%. The three-year annual runoff, annual soil erosion and applied amount of biochar were firstly reduced and then increased by the quadratic parabola. Continuous application of two years of 50 t/hm2 biochar had the best reduction effect and anti-erosion effect. The application of biochar for three consecutive years increased soybean yield and water use efficiency, The highest increase in yield and water use efficiency in each year were C75 (21.8%, 25.3%), C50 (33.3%, 27.6%) and C50 (24.1%, 19.8%), respectively. Under the conditions of different biochar application rates and application years, the improved TOPSIS model can objectively and clearly describe the process of soil productivity changes, and summarize the proposed biochar application mode. That was, continuous application of 50 t/hm2 biochar for two years gave the best improvement in soil productivity, which followed by 75 t/hm2 for a year. The results of this research can provide a theoretical basis for practical production. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Soil conservation

Controlled terms: Efficiency? - ?Erosion? - ?Organic carbon? - ?Productivity? - ?Runoff? - ?Soils? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Application modeling? - ?Bio chars? - ?Comprehensive evaluation? - ?Soil productivity? - ?TOPSIS models

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?444.1 Surface Water? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.98e+01%, Percentage 2.18e+01%, Percentage 2.41e+01%, Percentage 2.53e+01%, Percentage 2.76e+01%, Percentage 3.33e+01%, Percentage 3.55e+01%, Percentage 3.62e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.029

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

24. Analysis of Research Status and Development on Engineering Technology of Swine Farming Facilities

Accession number: 20190706505155

Authors: Wang, Defu (1, 2); Huang, Huinan (1, 2); Zhang, Hongjian (1); Liu, Jianyu (1, 2); Dong, Xin (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 1-14

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The swine industry is the pillar industry of animal husbandry in China. With the development of national economy and the scale farming, the demand for engineering technology of swine facilities is increasing in China. In order to provide reference and support for the development of swine farming, the research and application of key facilities engineering technology in swine farming were summarized and analyzed. The research and development of pig houses, piglet breading facilities, feeders and manure disposal facilities were mainly analyzed. At present, the engineering technology system for swine facilities and equipment was established in China, which can meet the demand of swine farming in China, but there was still a certain gap compared with the engineering technology of swine facilities in developed countries in animal husbandry, the development of various links in swine facilities engineering was not balanced, and the technical level of mechanization, automation and intellectualization of the facilities engineering was low. The basic researching system of key facilities engineering technology was not perfect, the matching of swine facilities was poor, and the applicability and reliability of swine farming equipment was low. Establishing a perfect researching system for the engineering technology of swine facilities, and strengthening the integration and cooperation of breeding, feed, facilities, resources and environment, and then boosting the research and development of swine facilities and equipment suitable for the supporting applications in the North and South China, so as to realize the health/welfare, ecology, automation and intellectualization of the swine farming process, which would be the development trend of swine facilities engineering technology in China. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 110

Main heading: Facilities

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Engineering? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Machinery? - ?Mammals

Uncontrolled terms: Developed countries? - ?Development trends? - ?Facilities engineering? - ?Research and application? - ?Research and development? - ?Swine? - ?Swine facilities? - ?Technical levels

Classification code: 804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.001

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

25. Design and Experiment of Automatic Fermenting and Feeding Equipment for Solid-state Fermented Feed

Accession number: 20190706505170

Authors: Liu, Mochen (1, 2); Ma, Junxiang (1); Han, Shouqiang (1); Li, Cheng (1); Li, Yudao (1, 2); Li, Fade (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machineries and Equipments, Tai’an; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Li, Fade(li_fade@sdau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 141-147

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The microorganism fermented feed can improve the production performance, enhance immunity and improve meat quality in pigs, and the production of fermented feed is solid-state fermentation in domestic. In order to produce fermented feed in feeding field and automatic feeding, an automatic fermenting and feeding equipment was designed. The equipment was composed of feed fermentation system, PLC and PIC MCU control system and feeding system. The complete diet mixed with bacterial liquid was placed in the hopper, and conveyed to the transverse screw conveyor through the metering grooved wheel under the hopper, and then conveyed to the fermentor by a longitudinal screw conveyor. In the screw conveyors, bacteria and feed were fully mixed. The fermentor was designed with 100 L in volume and 7 in number, which can ensure punctual feeding for different breeding objects. When fermentation was over,feed was lay-out from the fermentor to the feeding vehicle automatically, and then discharged into different trough quantitatively. The PLC system and the PIC MCU system constituted the control system, and wireless communication was used between them. The operator only needed to pour the feed to be fermented into the hopper, and then set the parameters of the fermentation time, the volume of the feed and the feeding object in the human-computer interface. This equipment would automatically accomplish the whole process from fermentation to feeding. The test result showed that the volume errors of screw conveyors and feeding vehicle were both less than 6%;the positioning error of feeding vehicle to the troughs was less than 11.75 mm;the parameters included fermentation time, feeding object and feeding vehicle speed were controlled accurately. The equipment worked stable and reliable, which can reduce labor intensity significantly and meet the requirements of solid-state fermented feed production and feeding in feeding field. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Feeding

Controlled terms: Bacteria? - ?Control systems? - ?Fermentation? - ?Fermenters? - ?Hoppers? - ?Human computer interaction? - ?Mammals? - ?Microcontrollers? - ?Screw conveyors? - ?Screws ? - ?Vehicles

Uncontrolled terms: Automatic feeding? - ?Feeding equipment? - ?Fermentation systems? - ?Fermentation time? - ?Human computer interfaces? - ?Production performance? - ?Solid-state fermentation? - ?Wireless communications

Classification code: 605 Small Tools and Hardware? - ?691.1 Materials Handling Equipment? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?692.1 Conveyors? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?802.1 Chemical Plants and Equipment

Numerical data indexing: Volume 1.00e-01m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.016

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

26. Co-combustion Characteristics of Bituminous Coal Blended with Wheat Straw of Different Ratios

Accession number: 20190706505190

Authors: Ma, Qiulin (1); Yang, Zhendong (1); Han, Lujia (1); Huang, Guangqun (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Huang, Guangqun(huanggq@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 306-311

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Taking rape straw and anthracite and bituminous coal as the research object, based on the simultaneous thermogravimetric technology, the dynamic characteristics of co-combustion were studied systematically with different mass fractions of wheat straw (100%, 60%, 40%, 20%, 10% and 0) and the ratio was optimized. The results showed that WS was rich in volatile matter with a content of 75.69%, while bituminous coal had the highest fixed carbon content (54.77%). Therefore, the fuel ratio (fixed carbon/volatile) of BTC (1.67) was much larger than that of WS (0.14), indicating that bituminous coal was more conducive to combustion. There was significant difference on co-combustion characteristics under different mass fractions from TG and DTG curves. From DTG curves of co-combustion, it can be seen that as the proportion of wheat straw was decreased, the volatile combustion peak was gradually decreased from 20.79%/min to 2.08%/min (WS10%). The maximum rate of fixed carbon combustion of wheat straw (40.33%/min) appeared at 419. The ignition temperature was not significantly improved when the ratio of straw was declined to 10%, which was within 260~268, indicating a desirable performance of ignition. While the burn out temperature was significantly improved along with the decrease of straw from 520 (WS) to 596 (BTC). The comprehensive index (SN) value was decreased from 8.78×10-7%2/(K3?min2) to 1.17×10-7%2/(K3?min2) as the straw ratio was decreased, indicating that the combustion performance was gradually weakened. However, the group WS40% with a SN value of 3.60×10-7%2/(K3?min2) can ensure better combustion behavior. From DSC analysis, mixture with 40% propotion of WS can release heat up to 84.14% of BTC’s.In summary, based on the evaluation of combustion performance and improving heating value of mixture, the mass fraction of 40% was recommended for wheat straw when blended with bituminous coal for co-combustion. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Coal combustion

Controlled terms: Anthracite? - ?Bituminous coal? - ?Carbon? - ?Mixtures? - ?Straw

Uncontrolled terms: Cocombustion? - ?Combustion performance? - ?Comprehensive indices? - ?Dynamic characteristics? - ?Ignition temperatures? - ?Optimal proportion? - ?Volatile combustion? - ?Wheat straws

Classification code: 524 Solid Fuels? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+01%, Percentage 5.48e+01%, Percentage 6.00e+01%, Percentage 7.57e+01%, Percentage 8.41e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.036

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

27. Early Diagnosis Method of Disease and Pest Level on Lagerstroemia indica Based on Stem Water Content

Accession number: 20190706505176

Authors: Gao, Chao (1, 2); Zhao, Yue (1, 3); Zhao, Yandong (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Forestry Equipment and Automation, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Zhao, Yandong(yandongzh@bjfu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 189-194 and 250

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: A new method was proposed for early diagnosis of disease and pest level based on stem water content, which provided early warning for diseases and pests. Lagerstroemia indica seedlings with different health levels were monitored for acquiring stem water content. Then the features of stem water content were respectively extracted by two methods, including key parameter and principle component analysis. Ultimately, some supervised and unsupervised models were established for early diagnosis of disease and pest level on Lagerstroemia indica. Judging from variance analysis, the effects of health level on four key parameters (daily minimum, maximum, average and range of stem water contents) were all in very significant difference. Judging from principle component analysis, the cumulative contribution rate of the first four principal components of stem water content reached 99.7%. Among supervised models, BP model with input of PCA features performed the best and its average recognition reached 98%. Among unsupervised models, K-means model with input of PCA features performed the best and its average recognition rate reached 92%. Hence, stem water content can be chosen as a reliable index for early diagnosis of plant disease and pest level. The PCA features were superior to the key parameter features. The performance of supervised models was better than that of unsupervised models. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Principal component analysis

Controlled terms: Diagnosis? - ?Extraction? - ?Feature extraction

Uncontrolled terms: Contribution rate? - ?Early diagnosis? - ?Lagerstroemia indica? - ?Learning models? - ?Principal Components? - ?Principle component analysis? - ?Stem water content? - ?Variance analysis

Classification code: 461.6 Medicine and Pharmacology? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.20e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%, Percentage 9.97e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.022

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

28. Estimation of Soil Organic Matter Content Based on Optimized Spectral Index

Accession number: 20190706505172

Authors: Nijat, Kasim (1, 2); Rukeya, Sawut (2, 3); Shi, Qingdong (2, 3); Maihemuti, Balati (3); Mireadili, Kuerban (3); Subinuer, Julaiti (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Arid Ecology Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China; (3) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi; 830046, China

Corresponding author: Subinuer, Julaiti(bmaihemuti@xju.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 155-163

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The rapid monitoring of soil organic matter content based on hyperspectral data is of great significance for evaluating soil fertility. The best spectral parameters for predicting soil organic matter content were tried to find and non-destructive monitoring of soil nutrients was achieved. ASD Field-Spec3 spectrometer was used to measure the indoor spectra of soil samples collected in the field, and the organic matter content of soil samples was measured by the potassium dichromate oxidation capacity method;the nitrogen planar component index (SOMCI/ND) was optimized by two-band optimization algorithm. Band optimization, screening the most sensitive spectral parameters of different spectral data (the original spectral reflectance and its corresponding four mathematical transformations), thus establishing a hyperspectral estimation model of soil organic matter content. The results showed that the correlations between soil organic matter content and the new algorithm (SOMCI/ND) optimized by the normalized spectral index (IND) and conceptual index (ICI) ratios were significantly improved. The raw data in the spectrum and its square root and reciprocal transformation form, the absolute value of correlation coefficient reached 0.82, and the sensitive combination bands were concentrated in 2 220~2 240 nm and 2 160~2 195 nm. The prediction model based on the square root band optimization had the best effect. The prediction accuracy was RP2 of 0.84,RMSEP of 2.24 g/kg and RPD of 2.89. Therefore, the appropriate mathematical transformation of the spectral data was conducive to optimizing the spectral index to better estimate the soil organic matter content, and further achieve high-precision dynamic monitoring of soil organic matter. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 32

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Biogeochemistry? - ?Biological materials? - ?Chromates? - ?Estimation? - ?Forecasting? - ?Mathematical transformations? - ?Metadata? - ?Organic compounds? - ?Potassium compounds? - ?Soil surveys ? - ?Spectrum analysis

Uncontrolled terms: Correlation coefficient? - ?Hyper spectra? - ?Non-destructive monitoring? - ?Organic matter content? - ?Soil organic matter contents? - ?Soil organic matters? - ?Spectral indices? - ?Spectral reflectances

Classification code: 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering? - ?481.2 Geochemistry? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations

Numerical data indexing: Size 2.16e-06m to 2.20e-06m, Size 2.22e-06m to 2.24e-06m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.018

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

29. Evapotranspiration Estimation of Summer Maize with Plastic Mulched Drip Irrigation Based on Dual Crop Coefficient Approach in Xinjiang

Accession number: 20190706505185

Authors: Li, Fengxiu (1); Ma, Yingjie (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi; 830052, China

Corresponding author: Ma, Yingjie(342834436@qq.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 268-274

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to evaluate the reliability of dual crop coefficient approach on calculating evapotranspiration of summer maize with mulched drip irrigation in arid region, the evapotranspiration of maize was measured by stable carbon isotope technique and water balance methods in measurement pits in 2016 and 2017. Five treatments were set up according to fixed irrigation cycle (W1, W2 and W3) and variable irrigation cycle (W4, W5) and the corresponding values were also calculated by dual crop coefficient approach. Experimental results showed that evapotranspiration calculated by dual crop coefficient approach had positive correlation with those values obtained by water balance methods, and the root mean square error was about 10 mm. The crop transpiration calculated by dual crop coefficient approach also had positive correlation with those values obtained by stable carbon isotope technique, and the root mean square error was about 20 mm. By calculation and analysis on the root mean square error, regression coefficient and consistency index, it can be concluded that dual crop coefficient approach was an effective method to calculate and distinguish evapotranspiration of summer maize with partial mulched drip irrigation in arid region. In whole growing season of summer maize, the simulated soil evaporation accounted for 21.33% and 23.97% of evapotranspiration and plant transpiration accounted for 78.67% and 76.03% of evapotranspiration in 2016 and 2017, respectively. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Evapotranspiration

Controlled terms: Arid regions? - ?Carbon? - ?Crops? - ?Errors? - ?Irrigation? - ?Isotopes? - ?Mean square error? - ?Transpiration

Uncontrolled terms: Crop transpirations? - ?Mulched drip irrigations? - ?Positive correlations? - ?Regression coefficient? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Stable carbon isotopes? - ?Summer maize? - ?Water balance method

Classification code: 443 Meteorology? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?461.9 Biology? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.13e+01%, Percentage 2.40e+01%, Percentage 7.60e+01%, Percentage 7.87e+01%, Size 1.00e-02m, Size 2.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.031

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

30. Influence of Maximum Airfoil Camber Position on Hydraulic Performance of Axial-flow Pump

Accession number: 20190706505171

Authors: Shi, Lijian (1); Fu, Lingling (2); Xia, Ye (1); Tang, Fangping (1); Sun, Dandan (3); Zhai, Linpeng (4)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Hydraulic Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225127, China; (2) Guangling College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225000, China; (3) Xuzhou Water Conservancy Architectural Design and Research Institute, Xuzhou; 221002, China; (4) Rural Water Resources Science and Technology Development Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing; 210029, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 148-154

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to study the influence of airfoil camber on the hydraulic performance of the axial-flow pump, the methods of numerical simulation and model test were adopted to do the research. The position and height of the maximum camber of the airfoil were changed to maintain the similar lift coefficient. Based on the parametric airfoil, different airfoils with different airfoil cambers were designed. The corresponding axial-flow impellers on the hydraulic characteristics were analyzed. Firstly, the airfoil optimization method was adopted for the maximum camber position of the two-dimensional airfoil at 0.3L~0.65L, which ensured that the lift coefficient of the airfoil was basically the same. So the airfoil design schemes with different maximum airfoil degrees were obtained. Secondly, the two-dimensional cascade theory was used to design the axial flow pump impeller based on the three designed airfoil schemes of the maximum airfoil camber position of 0.4L, 0.5L and 0.6L. The rest of the design parameters remained unchanged, and the three different axial-flow impellers were obtained. The matching guide vane, elbow and impeller were combined into a pump section for numerical simulation calculation. Finally, the reliability of the numerical calculation results was verified by the pump section model test. The research results showed that in order to ensure better energy and cavitation performance of the axial-flow pump, the maximum airfoil camber position was preferably selected as 0.4L~0.6L. When the maximum airfoil camber position was 0.5L, the pump had a wide range of high-efficiency area, and the flow-head curve was relatively smooth. In the large flow area, as the maximum airfoil camber position was closer to the airfoil trailing edge, the cavitation and the energy performance of the pump would increase. The research had important theoretical significance and guiding significance in the design of axial-flow pump and practical engineering application. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Airfoils

Controlled terms: Axial flow? - ?Cambers? - ?Cavitation? - ?Experiments? - ?Impellers? - ?Lift? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Numerical models? - ?Pumps

Uncontrolled terms: Axial flow pump? - ?Cavitation performance? - ?Hydraulic characteristic? - ?Numerical calculation? - ?Numerical simulation calculation? - ?Practical engineering applications? - ?Simulation and modeling? - ?Two-dimensional airfoils

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?618.2 Pumps? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics? - ?651.1 Aerodynamics, General? - ?652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?901.3 Engineering Research? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Volume 4.00e-04m3, Volume 5.00e-04m3, Volume 6.00e-04m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.017

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

31. Combed Safflower Picking Device Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA

Accession number: 20190706505168

Authors: Cao, Weibin (1); Sun, Weiling (1); Niu, Chi (1); Jiao, Haobo (1); Chen, Bangbang (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi; 832003, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 123-131

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the increase of planting area of safflower in Xinjiang, problems such as low efficiency of artificial picking, high labor intensity and serious filaments residue are becoming increasingly prominent. The development of safflower industrialization is seriously restricted, so it is urgent to realize mechanized picking of safflower. The clamping comb-type picking device was developed. The motion attitude of safflower had an important influence on picking effect, in order to reveal the relationship between different structure parameters and motion parameters of picking device and safflower movement, a comb-picking model was established based on the material characteristics of safflower. The picking process was simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, and the structure and motion parameters of the picking device were adjusted continuously until the safflower ball and branch reached the ideal picking position. The simulation results showed that the movement of safflower balls and branches picked in low position was more stable than that in high position, and picking device can realize ideal picking. When walking velocity was 2.5 km/h,rotation velocity was 150 r/min,and the horizontal distance between the limit rod and the rotating center of comb teeth was 30 mm, the picking effect was the best. According to the field picking requirements of safflower, the experiment platform was built and the picking experiment was carried out. The result of picking test showed that 56% of safflower can realize ideal picking and average recovery rate was 48.5%. The results provided a theoretical basis for the parameter optimization design of combed safflower picking device. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Uncontrolled terms: Average recovery rate? - ?Experiment platforms? - ?Material characteristics? - ?Parameter optimization? - ?Picking device? - ?Safflower? - ?Simulation analysis? - ?Structure and motions

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.85e+01%, Percentage 5.60e+01%, Rotational_Speed 1.50e+02RPM, Size 3.00e-02m, Velocity 6.95e-01m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.014

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

32. Design and Experiment of Micro-image Remote Acquisition System of Uredinispores of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

Accession number: 20190706505159

Authors: Lei, Yu (1, 2); Yao, Zhifeng (1, 3); He, Dongjian (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: He, Dongjian(hdj168@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 39-47

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Collecting airborne urediniospores of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) in wheat fields using spore trap devices has currently become an important approach for devising strategies early and effectively controlling wheat stripe rust. However, the existing spore trap devices have some shortcomings, such as low efficiency, time-consuming and requiring manual replacement of slides or plastic tapes. To this end, a high-magnification and high-resolution micro-image remote acquisition system of uredinispores of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici was designed and manufactured based on ARK-1123C embedded industrial computer and microscope CCD digital camera. The hardware and software architectures of the micro-image remote acquisition system were designed, which realized a series of functions, including automatic supply of slide, coating a thin film of petroleum jelly, aerial urediniospore capture, urediniospore micro-image acquisition, and slide recycling. Besides, the parameters of urediniospore capture and micro-image acquisition could be set remotely according to user’s requirement, and the collected images could be transmitted to the remote server by 4G wireless network. In order to verify the performance of the system, the system was deployed and tested in a wheat field for 40 d. Experimental results showed that the system worked stably for a long time, which could capture the micro-images of uredinispores, with 400 times magnification and 4 096 pixels×3 288 pixels resolution. The experiments validated that the proposed remote acquisition system can automatically collect and remotely transmit the microscopic image of uredinispores in real time, which provided important technical support for the automatic counting of the airborne uredinispores and the prediction of the wheat stripe rust in the field. It can also provide a reference for monitoring other airborne fungal spores. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Image acquisition

Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Pixels? - ?Plastic tapes

Uncontrolled terms: 4G wireless networks? - ?Acquisition systems? - ?Hardware and software architectures? - ?Industrial computers? - ?Microimage? - ?Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici? - ?Stripe rust? - ?Urediniospores

Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?817.1 Polymer Products

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.005

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

33. Investigation on Growth and Water Use of Spring Maize under Mulched Drip Irrigation Based on Soil Matric Potential

Accession number: 20190706505181

Authors: Ji, Xiangxiang (1, 2); Xu, Fang (1, 2); Liu, Meihan (3); Feng, Hao (1, 4); He, Jianqiang (1, 2); Zhang, Tibin (1, 4)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) College of Water Conservation and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China; (4) Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Tibin(zhangtibin@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 230-239

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The Hetao Irrigation District in the Inner Mongolia is one of the most important bases for commodity grains in China. However, there was a substantial reduction in the total water quantity diverted from the Yellow River. In order to alleviate the crisis of water shortage and promote agricultural water-saving in the irrigation district, a two-year field experiment was conducted, in which five different threshold values of soil matric potentials (SMP) were set to trigger the mulched drip irrigation for spring maize, i.e.,-10 kPa (S1),-20 kPa (S2),-30 kPa (S3),-40 kPa (S4) and-50 kPa (S5). The soil water distribution, crop growth, and water use efficiency (WUE) were studied for the different treatments. The results showed that soil water contents varied significantly at different SMP threshold values during the two growing seasons of spring maize. The weighted averages of volumetric water content in the 0~60 cm soil profile were increased significantly with the increase of SMP (p ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 40

Main heading: Irrigation

Controlled terms: Efficiency? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Water conservation? - ?Water supply? - ?Water supply systems

Uncontrolled terms: Hetao irrigation districts? - ?Mulched drip irrigations? - ?Soil matric potential? - ?Spring maize? - ?Water use efficiency

Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Size 0.00e+00m to 6.00e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.027

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

34. Preparation of Sulfonic Ionic Liquids and Investigation on Catalytic Alcoholysis of Carbohydrates to Ethyl Levulinate

Accession number: 20190706505188

Authors: Liu, Huan (1); Lü, Huanhuan (1); Zhao, Tingting (1); Zhao, Guanglu (1); Han, Lujia (1); Xiao, Weihua (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Xiao, Weihua(xwhddd@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 289-297

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Acidic ionic liquids (ILs) are used as promising and environmentally-friendly catalysts for levulinates synthesis, which can replace the sulfuric acid owing to their beneficial characteristics such as high catalytic activity, high selectivity, low corrosion of equipment and ease of recycling. Eight different acidic ILs were examined as catalysts in the synthesis of ethyl levulinate (EL) from carbohydrates with ethanol. Among them, the cations of ILs were imidazole, pyridine and triethylamine salts, and the anion ions were inorganic acids and organic acids. The structures of ILs were confirmed by 1H NMR and 13C NMR. All of the ILs exhibited excellent thermal stability over 200 through the TG-DTG. The acidity of the ILs was investigated by determining the Hammett acidity functions under UV-visible spectroscopy by using 4-nitroaniline as indicator. The introduction of a SO3H group into the IL greatly increased its Br?nsted acidity. Anions of ILs had a great influence on the acidity of ionic liquids, and cations with imidazoles were more acidic than pyridine and triethylamine salts. It was found that the [Bmim-SO3H]HSO4 showed the best catalytic activity among all the ILs. The activity of catalytic synthesis of EL was closely related to the Br?nsted acid. The highest EL yield of 56.79% was obtained for the reaction carried out at 170 for 60 min with 2 mmol [Bmim-SO3H]HSO4 as catalyst and using glucose as the substrate. Furthermore, the ILs remained high activity and stability after reused for 5 times. On the whole, [Bmim-SO3H]HSO4 had stable structural properties in the process of catalytic alcoholysis of carbohydrates into EL, showing a better catalytic conversion efficiency. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 30

Main heading: Catalyst activity

Controlled terms: Bromine compounds? - ?Carbohydrates? - ?Catalyst selectivity? - ?Corrosion? - ?Ionic liquids? - ?Negative ions? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Positive ions? - ?Pyridine? - ?Salts ? - ?Synthesis (chemical)? - ?Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy

Uncontrolled terms: Acidic ionic liquids? - ?Alcoholysis? - ?Catalytic conversion efficiencies? - ?Catalytic synthesis? - ?Ethyl levulinate? - ?Hammett acidity function? - ?High selectivity? - ?UV visible spectroscopy

Classification code: 802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds

Numerical data indexing: Time 3.60e+03s, Percentage 5.68e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.034

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

35. Fast Identification of Field Weeds Based on Deep Convolutional Network and Binary Hash Code

Accession number: 20190706505158

Authors: Jiang, Honghua (1); Wang, Pengfei (1); Zhang, Zhao (2); Mao, Wenhua (3); Zhao, Bo (3); Qi, Peng (4)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) College of Electron and Electricity Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji; 721016, China; (3) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (4) Shandong Yongjia Power Co., Ltd., Linyi; 276000, China

Corresponding author: Mao, Wenhua(mwh-924@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 30-38

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Corn is one of the main grain crops in China and its production accounts for more than 20% of the World’s corn production. Weed is one of the most important factors influencing maize yield. Effective recognition method of cron and weed can improve corn quality and production accounts. At present, pesticide spraying is the main way of removing weed in China. Excessive spraying of pesticides brings problems such as environmental pollution and food safety, and therefore precise spraying is the key of weeding to reduce the amount of pesticides and increase the utilization of pesticides. Precise application of pesticides is based on accurate identification of weeds, researchers at home and abroad have done a lot of research. Most existing weed identification methods rely on manually selected weed features, such as shape, texture, etc., which takes longer time to identify the image, and the accuracy of identification still needs further improvement. The deep learning method was used to achieve automatic extraction of weed image features without relying on artificial feature screening, and combined the binary Hash code to compress high-dimensional weed feature data to achieve rapid weed identification and provide information support for subsequent field drug spraying. In order to improve accuracy of crop and weed identification, combining with the strong feature extraction capabilities of the deep convolutional network and the ease of storage and fast retrieval of the Hash code, a fast field weed identification method was proposed based on the deep convolutional network and binary Hash code. A pre-trained multilayer convolutional neural network was used to construct a weed identification model with a binary Hash layer, and the model was fine-tuned with the collected weed data set. The binary Hash layer proposed could effectively compress the high-dimensional weed image features to facilitate the storage and subsequent calculation of the high-dimensional weed image features. During tests of weed identification, the trained model was used to extract the full-connection layer feature codes and binary Hash codes of the input image, and then compared with the full-connection layer feature codes and binary Hash codes stored in the database to calculate the Hamming distance and the Euclidean distance. After that, the most similar K images could be found out according to last step’s results. Finally, the labels’ frequency of the K images was counted and the original image was classified into the highest frequency category of label to achieve the purpose of weed identification. The effects of different layers of convolutional networks and different length binary Hash code on weed identification were compared, and finally the weed identification model was determined, which included four layers convolutional neural network and 128-bit binary Hash code. The experimental results showed that the method proposed could achieve 98.6% accuracy in field weed identification, and the loss function stability was improved compared with the ordinary model. At the same time, it also performed well on other weeds datasets with an accuracy of 95.8%, which meant that the proposed method was universal. The research results could provide reference for precision weeding. The experiment carried out in corn field showed that the method could achieve 92.7% accuracy, and it could effectively reduce pesticide waste which was suitable for precision spray. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Hash functions

Controlled terms: Chemical contamination? - ?Codes (symbols)? - ?Convolution? - ?Crops? - ?Deep learning? - ?Digital storage? - ?Extraction? - ?Hamming distance? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Network coding ? - ?Network layers? - ?Neural networks? - ?Pesticides? - ?Textures

Uncontrolled terms: Convolution neural network? - ?Convolutional networks? - ?Convolutional neural network? - ?Environmental pollutions? - ?Extraction capability? - ?Feature compression? - ?Hash code? - ?Weed identification

Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?822.3 Food Products

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 9.27e+01%, Percentage 9.58e+01%, Percentage 9.86e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.004

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

36. Simulation of Cleaning Effect of PM10 and PM2.5 in High-power Tractor Cab

Accession number: 20190706505198

Authors: Yang, Xiao (1, 2); Mao, Enrong (1, 2); Zhang, Jianshun (3); Song, Zhenghe (1, 2); Jin, Xiaoping (1, 2); Du, Yuefeng (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) College of Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse; NY; 13244, United States

Corresponding author: Mao, Enrong(gxy15@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 365-371

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the dramatically growing use of agricultural high-power tractors, comfort of cab is an important problem in China. Because of the indirect impact with low comfort of cab, the productivity is restricted. Health of tractor drivers was also undermined by low comfort of the cab. High-power tractors play an important role in tilling machine. The PM concentration in ambient air is very high (512 mg/m3). Foreign mainstream tractor comfortable cabs are enclosure cabs to protect PM into cabs. In the field research, enclosure cab can protest PM10 and PM2.5 very well except tilling work. The PM10 and PM2.5 concentration cannot reach the human healthy standard when tractor is tilling. The foreign research of PM cleaning system in tractor cab is at an initial stage and the research in Chins is empty. So, the PM research is meaningful. The concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 simulation was done based on collection data in other researches. Firstly, the concentration variety model and cleaning model were deduced according to the mass conservation theory. Then, the simulation was done under different cleaning methods (return, supply and free-standing filter) and cleaning efficiency (50%, 75% and 90%) by IAQx1.1-PM. The results showed that the relative cleaning efficiency of return and supply were 92.78% and 96.13%, respectively. These two methods could reach the international human healthy standard. The PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in supply method could be lower than 800 μg/m3. Although the relative cleaning efficiency of free-standing filter was between 48% and 66%, the international human healthy standard still could not be reached. The curve of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations showed that supply method was the fastest to get stable statues (1 h). Finally, the human inhalation exposure was calculated. It was indicated that HVAC design method should be used in comfort cab. This method could save the volume of air conditioner volume and control the temperature and PM concentration. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Tractors (agricultural)

Controlled terms: Air conditioning? - ?Cleaning? - ?Efficiency? - ?Enclosures? - ?Tractors (truck)

Uncontrolled terms: Cumulative inhalation? - ?Filter? - ?High power? - ?Inhalable? - ?Simulation

Classification code: 643.3 Air Conditioning? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?913.1 Production Engineering

Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 5.12e-04kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.00e-07kg/m3, Percentage 4.80e+01% to 6.60e+01%, Percentage 5.00e+01%, Percentage 7.50e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Percentage 9.28e+01%, Percentage 9.61e+01%, Time 3.60e+03s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.044

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

37. Effects of Water-saving Irrigation on Residues of Different Periods Fertilizer Nitrogen in Black Soils

Accession number: 20190706505182

Authors: Zhang, Zhongxue (1, 2); Chen, Peng (1, 2); Chen, Shuaihong (1, 2); Shang, Wenbin (1, 2); Jiang, Lili (1, 2); Hou, Jingxiang (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 240-250

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to reveal the residue of fertilizer nitrogen in paddy soil under the water-saving irrigation model in the low temperature black soil area of Songnen Plain, two irrigation modes were set up in the field experiment, which were controlled irrigation and conventional flooding, and three nitrogen levels (85 kg/hm2, 110 kg/hm2 and 135 kg/hm2) and six treatments. At the same time, by using the method of 15N tracer in situ in the field plot, the basal, tillering and panicle nitrogen fertilizers were labeled and treated with a total of 18 parts. The residue of fertilizer nitrogen in paddy soil after rice harvest was studied, and the distribution of fertilizer nitrogen in 0~60 cm soil in paddy field was investigated. The results showed that the residual rate of basal nitrogen in paddy soil was 29.7%~32.7% under different nitrogen levels, and the residue rate of tillering fertilizer was 54.9%~57.3%, and the residue rate of panicle was 29.4%~35.4%;the total residue rate of fertilizer nitrogen in soil was 36.4%~37.1%, the residual rate of the fertilizer nitrogen in the soil was higher than that of the conventional flooding irrigation under the same nitrogen application. There were significant differences in the residues of fertilizer nitrogen in the same depth soil under different irrigation modes. Under different nitrogen application conditions, the residue in rice paddy soil (0~20 cm) was higher than that in the normal flooded irrigation mode during the growth period of paddy-field. The residual amount of 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil was lower than that of conventional flooded irrigation. Compared with the conventional flooding irrigation, the rice-irrigated model can improve the residue of fertilizer nitrogen in root soil (0~20 cm), and reduce the loss of fertilizer nitrogen, and the residual fertilizer nitrogen can supplement the soil nitrogen reservoir in the black soil area to some extent. It was beneficial to soil protection and fertility improvement of paddy field in black soil area. The correlation analysis showed that the total residue of fertilizer nitrogen in soil was positively correlated with the residue of fertilizer nitrogen in soil, and the residue of basal and spike fertilizer was significantly positive. The research results provided a reference for the formulation of suitable water and nitrogen regulation model in the black soil region, effectively managed and made full use of residual nitrogen fertilizer, and improved the paddy field ecological environment in black soil area. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 35

Main heading: Soil surveys

Controlled terms: Floods? - ?Irrigation? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Nitrogen fertilizers? - ?Reservoirs (water)? - ?Soil conservation? - ?Soils? - ?Temperature? - ?Trace analysis? - ?Water conservation

Uncontrolled terms: Black soil? - ?Controlled irrigations? - ?Correlation analysis? - ?Ecological environments? - ?Isotope tracers? - ?Nitrogen regulation? - ?Nitrogen residue? - ?Water-saving irrigation

Classification code: 441.2 Reservoirs? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods

Numerical data indexing: Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 6.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m, Size 4.00e-01m to 6.00e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.028

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

38. Design and Experiment of Separated Layer Fertilization Furrow Opener for Potato Planter

Accession number: 20190706505166

Authors: Yang, Ranbing (1, 2); Yang, Hongguang (1); Lian, Zhengguo (1, 3); Zhang, Huan (1); Guo, Dong (1); Zheng, Yuanyuan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao; 266109, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre of Mechanized Production Equipment for Staple Crops, Qingdao; 266109, China; (3) Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Root Crops Production Equipment, Qingdao; 266109, China

Corresponding author: Lian, Zhengguo(zglian64@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 104-113

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Aiming at the inaccuracy of fertilizer location in potato planter popularized in China, combined with the distribution law of potato root system and the planting pattern characteristics of one ridge two rows for potato, and the separated layer fertilization technology based on surface drainage and V type anti blocking structure was proposed. The design and analysis of separated layer fertilization furrow opener and a depth adjustable separated layer fertilization furrow opener was developed. The motion relationship between the soil and furrow opener was studied, and the movement process of fertilizer on curved surface fertilizing plate was analyzed. The variation coefficient of the stability of the lower layer was experimented by single factor bench test, and the optimum working length of groove wheel was 50 mm. Under the condition of optimum working length of groove wheel, the quadratic universal rotary assembly experiment of two factors were carried out with the rotation speed of manure shaft and the curved surface angle of fertilizing plate as experimental factors, the variation coefficient of the stability of left and right sides for upper layer fertilizing box as experimental index. The saliency analysis of regression equation and parameter optimization were obtained by using the DPS and Matlab software. The results showed that the rotation speed of fertilizing shaft of 20.5 r/min and the curved surface angle of fertilizing plate of 15° were the best combination factors, which led to the variation coefficient of the stability of left and right sides for upper layer fertilizing box of 3.30%. Five repeated experiments were carried out under the optimal parameters. The results showed that the average variation coefficient of the stability of left and right sides for upper layer fertilizing box was 3.71%, and the experimental value was similar to that of the theoretical value. Meanwhile, the field performance experiment showed that the performance of separated layer fertilization furrow opener completely met the relevant standards of potato planting. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 23

Main heading: Separation

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Fertilizers? - ?MATLAB? - ?Plates (structural components)? - ?Stability? - ?Wheels

Uncontrolled terms: Experimental factors? - ?Furrow openers? - ?Parameter optimization? - ?Pattern characteristic? - ?Planter? - ?Potato? - ?Separated layer? - ?Variation coefficient

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.30e+00%, Percentage 3.71e+00%, Rotational_Speed 2.05e+01RPM, Size 5.00e-02m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.012

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

39. Design of Seed Orchard Based on Improved Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm

Accession number: 20190706505177

Authors: Qi, Jiandong (1); Liu, Chunxia (1); Cui, Xiaohui (1); Li, Wei (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 195-200

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The seed orchards design is the basic work for forest tree breeding. The goal of seed orchards design is to minimize the inbreeding between clones and guarantee the high genetic effects in seed orchards. The data source was genetic distance between the 1st, 1.5th and 2nd seed orchards of Pinussylvestris var. mongolica in Inner Mongolia Honghuaerji Sylvestris National Seed Areas by using SSR molecular marker technique. Considering the complex relationships between parents, the scheme of seed orchards was achieved by improved fruit fly optimization algorithm. The result was compared with other intelligent optimization algorithms and traditional algorithms, and it was showed that the speed and effectiveness of the improved fruit fly optimization were significantly better than those of other algorithms. After executing 200 times respectively, its maximum value was significantly lower than the minimum value of other algorithms. Finally, the improved fruit fly optimization design scheme was compared with the completely random design scheme and the genetic algorithm design scheme. Multiple same clones existed adjacent to each other in the completely random algorithm design, but the genetic algorithm and the improved fruit fly optimization design program did not appear as close neighbors of the same clonal ramets. However, the preferred mating of the improved fruit fly optimization design scheme was superior to the genetic algorithm design scheme. Based on the genetic distance to deal with the complex relationships of the parents, using the intelligent optimization algorithms to design seed orchard can provide reference for the design of high-generation seed orchards. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Orchards

Controlled terms: Cloning? - ?Fruits? - ?Genetic algorithms

Uncontrolled terms: Algorithm design? - ?Complex relationships? - ?Fruit flies? - ?Genetic distances? - ?Intelligent optimization algorithm? - ?Optimization design? - ?Random algorithms? - ?Seed orchard

Classification code: 461.8.1 Genetic Engineering? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.023

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

40. Explicit-Implicit Multi-time-step Computational Method for Structural Dynamics with Sparse Direct Solution

Accession number: 20190706505203

Authors: Ma, Zhiqiang (1, 2); Kong, Lingshuang (1, 2); Lou, Yunfeng (1, 2); Jin, Xianlong (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai; 200240, China

Corresponding author: Jin, Xianlong(jxlong@sjtu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 403-408

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Dynamic analysis of complex and fine structure often involves external load with different time scales. Meanwhile, a local refined mesh is needed at the analysis zone. The classical explicit-implicit mixed method was used to deal with such problems with the interpolation process of boundary data which was likely to cause computational instability. At the same time, a single time step would cause waste of computing resources. An improved explicit-implicit mixed asynchronous time step computing method was proposed with multiple boundary mesh. Node segmentation was used to divide the finite element model into explicit and implicit partitions. A compatible format predictive correction Newmark integration scheme was adopted in different partitions. A larger time step was used for implicit partition and a smaller time step for explicit region. The prediction waveform for explicit partition can be transmitted completely in the boundary mesh without truncation. Sparse storage row compression CRS format was used in the implicit partition and node data can be obtained by sparse direct solver. The node acceleration data for explicit and implicit partition were solved sequentially and efficiently. Numerical examples showed that the accuracy of the proposed method was higher than that of the traditional explicit-implicit mixed method and the computation time for dynamics analysis was further reduced. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Numerical methods

Controlled terms: Digital storage? - ?Dynamics? - ?Mesh generation? - ?Structural dynamics

Uncontrolled terms: Computational instabilities? - ?Different time scale? - ?Explicit-implicit mixed? - ?Multi-time step? - ?Newmark integration? - ?Sequential format? - ?Sparse direct solver? - ?Sparse solutions

Classification code: 408 Structural Design? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.049

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

41. Effects of Tillage on Stocks and Stratification of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen in Rice-Wheat System

Accession number: 20190706505186

Authors: Cui, Siyuan (1, 2); Cao, Guangqiao (2); Zhu, Xinkai (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou; 225009, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment, Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing; 210014, China

Corresponding author: Zhu, Xinkai(xkzhu@yzu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 275-282

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Effects of tillage on soil carbon and nitrogen retention and stratification in rice-wheat system were studied to provide a theoretical basis for exploring tillage methods which could be beneficial to the construction of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) pools and the improvement of soil fertility in farmland. A four-year field experiment was conducted based on Heheng demonstration park of eco-agricultural science and technology, including four treatments of minimum tillage with straw retention (MT), rotary tillage with straw retention (RT), conventional tillage with straw retention (CT) and conventional tillage without straw retention (CT0). Soil at 0~20 cm depth was collected to determine soil bulk density, content of SOC and TN. Then the ratio of C to N, the stratification ratio and the SOC and TN storage (using the equivalent soil mass approach) were calculated. Results showed that the contents of SOC and TN in 0~5 cm, 5~10 and 10~20 cm depths were increased by MT, RT and CT, respectively. Soil C:N ratio at 10~20 cm depth was decreased with the increase of tillage intensity. MT significantly increased the stratification ratio of SOC and TN, while the stratification ratio of C:N ratio at 0~5 cm and 10~20 cm depths was increased with the increase of tillage intensity. MT increased the SOC stocks at 0~20 cm depth and the TN stocks at 0~10 cm depth, but the TN stocks at 0~20 cm depth were lower than those of RT and CT. Straw retention significantly increased SOC and TN contents and C:N ratio, which were beneficial to SOC and TN sequestration, but it had no significant effect on stratification ratio of SOC and TN contents at 0~20 cm depth. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 53

Main heading: Soils

Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Organic carbon

Uncontrolled terms: C:N ratio? - ?Soil organic carbon? - ?Soil organic Carbon stocks? - ?Soil total nitrogen? - ?Tillage methods

Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control

Numerical data indexing: Size 0.00e+00m to 1.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 5.00e-02m, Size 1.00e-01m to 2.00e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.032

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

42. Simulation and Experiment of Corn Air Suction Seed Metering Device Based on DEM-CFD Coupling Method

Accession number: 20190706505160

Authors: Ding, Li (1, 2); Yang, Li (1, 2); Wu, Dehao (1); Li, Dongyi (1, 2); Zhang, Dongxing (1, 2); Liu, Shourong (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant System Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Liu, Shourong(lsr@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 48-57

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of large amount of DEM-CFD calculation, the Fluent simulation was firstly used and three-factor three-level orthogonal test of the position of the air inlet was designed. The mean of pressure in seed filling area holes, mean of pressure in self cleared area holes, mean of pressure in clearing seed area and pressure of other holes were taken. The mean value was the evaluation index, the range and variance analysis were carried out to determine the optimum inlet location parameters. Secondly, the Bonding model of corn grain adhesive particles was established. The structure grid of the airways flow field was divided and the relevant parameters were set up to realize the DEM-CFD gas solid coupling simulation of corn gas suction seed metering device. The pressure of the plate holes was extracted from the flow field when the corn seeds adsorbed. It was concluded that the pressure changes in each region were stable, and the pressure ranges from large to small was filling area, self cleaning area, clear seed area, seed carrying area and seed unloading area. Through theoretical calculation, the minimum pressure of adsorption was obtained, which was compared with the results obtained by simulation. The results showed that the simulation results were higher than the theoretical calculation of the minimum adsorption pressure. The first generation of conventional chamber structure seed metering device and the designed seed metering device were used to test and analyze the air pressure, which verified the rationality of the selected inlet position parameters. Finally, by changing the speed of the plate, the common operating speed of the seed metering device was 8 km/h, 10 km/h, 12 km/h and 14 km/h, and the qualified index, multiple index and missing index were used to evaluate the performance of seed metering performance under different conditions by simulation test, and the comparison was carried out through the bench test. The results showed that in the simulation test, when the operation speed was not more than 14 km/h and the negative pressure was 3 kPa, the qualified index was not less than 89.7%, the missing index was less than 7.8% and the multiple index was less than 2.5%. In the bench test, under the same operating speed and negative pressure value, the seed spacing qualified index can reach 90.3%, the multiple index was less than 2.7%, and the missing index was less than 7%. The simulation test was close to the bench test, which verified the feasibility of the simulation. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 33

Main heading: Computational fluid dynamics

Controlled terms: Adhesives? - ?Finite difference method? - ?Flow fields? - ?Plates (structural components)? - ?Pneumatic materials handling equipment? - ?Testing? - ?Unloading

Uncontrolled terms: Adsorption pressure? - ?Corn? - ?Gas-solid couplings? - ?Location parameters? - ?Negative pressure value? - ?Position parameters? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Theoretical calculations

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?691.1 Materials Handling Equipment? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.50e+00%, Percentage 2.70e+00%, Percentage 7.00e+00%, Percentage 7.80e+00%, Percentage 8.97e+01%, Percentage 9.03e+01%, Pressure 3.00e+03Pa, Velocity 2.22e+00m/s, Velocity 2.78e+00m/s, Velocity 3.33e+00m/s, Velocity 3.89e+00m/s

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.006

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

43. Design of Flexible Fertilizer Protection Mechanism for Hole-fertilizing Apparatus with Notched Plate

Accession number: 20190706505165

Authors: Liu, Zhengdao (1); Wang, Qingjie (1); Li, Hongwen (1); He, Jin (1); Lu, Caiyun (1); Xie, Lijuan (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Wang, Qingjie(wangqingjie@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 97-103

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Hole-fertilizing technology can be used for fixed-point, quantitative and accurate fertilization while seeding is in operation, which is an effective method to improve the fertilizer use efficiency of corn, soybean and other crops. During the fertilizer transfer process of the hole-fertilizing apparatus, the rigid contact of fertilizer plate with fertilizer protection cavity caused the phenomenon of fertilizer blocking, which seriously affected the stability of fertilizer delivery. Thus a flexible fertilizer protection method was put forward and a flexible fertilizer protection mechanism was designed by using the nylon fiber which was in the shape of plum flowers. The theoretical calculation and finite element analysis of the mechanical property of single nylon fiber was carried out, the effect of the structural parameters of nylon fiber on the stress was obtained and the diameter of the selected fiber was determined as 0.1 mm. The analysis of fiber bundle structure showed that the fiber length should be 13 mm and the mounting hole diameter should be 4 mm, to ensure the safe distance of mounting hole and reasonable clearance of brush bundle. EDEM software was used to simulate the stress changes of each wall during the process of fertilizer group compressed in fertilizer cavity, the negative clearance between fertilizer plate and bottom fertilizer protection brush was designed as 1.6 mm and 0.5 mm with side fertilizer protection brush. Flexible fertilizer protection mechanism was designed and the test results showed that there was no fertilizer blocking problem, the rotary torque of the fertilizer plate was 4.71 N?m which was reduced by 58.54% compared with the original mechanism without flexible fertilizer protection mechanism. This mechanism could effectively avoid the fertilizer blocking problem, reduce the resistance of fertilizer delivery and insure the stability of the fertilizer delivery. The research result might provide a new approach for precise fertilizer delivery. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 27

Main heading: Fertilizers

Controlled terms: Mountings? - ?Nylon textiles? - ?Plates (structural components)? - ?Polyamides? - ?Rayon

Uncontrolled terms: Fertilizing apparatus? - ?Flexible fertilizer protection? - ?Hole-fertilization? - ?Negative clearances? - ?Protection mechanisms? - ?Protection methods? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Theoretical calculations

Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?815.1.1 Organic Polymers? - ?819.2 Synthetic Fibers

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.85e+01%, Size 1.00e-04m, Size 1.30e-02m, Size 1.60e-03m, Size 4.00e-03m, Size 5.00e-04m, Torque 4.71e+00N*m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.011

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

44. Stiffness Analysis of 3-RRS Parallel Mechanism with Consideration of Gravity

Accession number: 20190706505202

Authors: Wang, Manxin (1); Chen, Qiusheng (1); Zu, Li (1); Liu, Haitao (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing; 210094, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin; 300072, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 392-402

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Stiffness is one of the most important performance factors that should be considered for parallel mechanism. A semi-analytical approach for the stiffness analysis of a 3-RRS parallel mechanism was presented with consideration of gravity. The force analysis was carried out by taking both gravity of all moving components and the externally applied wrench imposed upon the platform into account. The deflection analysis that considered the distributed gravity of all limbs and joint/link compliances was investigated. On the basis of the formulation of component stiffness matrices in the joint space, the stiffness model of the parallel mechanism was achieved. Based on a numerical example, the stiffness distributions and deflection distributions induced by gravity throughout the entire task workspace were evaluated, and the contributions of the component stiffness to the global stiffness and the contributions of the components gravity to platform deflection were investigated. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of the proposed modeling approach was verified by the FEA software at a typical configuration. Numerical example showed that in order to make the parallel mechanism with lightweight yet rigid design, the rigidities of different components, as well as the actuated and constraint rigidities of each component should be matched each other. For the considered 3-RRS parallel mechanism, the rigidity of the spherical joint should be improved while the rigidity of the revolute joint should be reduced, the actuated rigidity of the limb should be enhanced while the constraint rigidities of that should be reduced. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 24

Main heading: Stiffness

Controlled terms: Gravitational effects? - ?Joints (anatomy)? - ?Magnesium printing plates? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Rigidity? - ?Stiffness matrix

Uncontrolled terms: Component stiffness? - ?Deflection analysis? - ?Moving components? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Performance factors? - ?Semi-analytical approaches? - ?Stiffness analysis? - ?Stiffness distributions

Classification code: 461.3 Biomechanics, Bionics and Biomimetics? - ?601.3 Mechanisms? - ?745.1.1 Printing Equipment? - ?921.1 Algebra? - ?931.5 Gravitation, Relativity and String Theory? - ?951 Materials Science

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.048

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

45. Mechanism Analysis and Test of Adjusting Garlics Upwards Using Two Duckbill Devices

Accession number: 20190706505164

Authors: Hou, Jialin (1, 2); Huang, Shenghai (1); Niu, Ziru (1); Wu, Yanqiang (1); Li, Tianhua (1, 2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China

Corresponding author: Li, Tianhua(13518683945@163.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 87-96

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: Due to the problem of low rate of garlic bulbil with upward direction after mechanical sowing in China recently, the physical and geometric parameters of Cangshan garlic were measured, and the discrete element method was used. The dynamics model of mechanism with double duck bill shape adjusting the direction of the garlic bulbil was established. The movement law of garlic in three kinds of garlic adjusting mechanism and different factors’ influences on the rate of garlic bulbil with upward direction were studied, such as the different curves of duck bill, gravity of garlics, speed of seeding and the secondary bouncing of garlics. Besides, the principle of adjusting the garlics to upward direction was also studied. The indoor planting test-bed and the field prototype were manufactured. The seeding experiment was carried out, and the dynamic images of garlics’ movement at one point were recorded by visual method. It was found that the result was consistent with the simulation process, and the deviation between the rate of garlic bulbil with upward direction of the experiment and that of the simulation was less than 5%. The results showed that it was effective to use the discrete element method to analyze the movement of garlics during sowing. The rate of garlic bulbil with upward direction of the test in field can be up to 95.67%, which was increased by 4.67 percentage points. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 22

Uncontrolled terms: Devices of adjusting garlics? - ?Double duckbill? - ?Element method? - ?Garlic planter? - ?Mechanism analysis

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.00e+00%, Percentage 9.57e+01%

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.010

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

46. Effects of Biochar Combined with Biogas Slurry on Soil Nutrients in Leaching State

Accession number: 20190706505184

Authors: Wang, Zhongjiang (1, 2); Zhang, Zheng (1); Liu, Zhuo (1); Wang, Lili (1); Si, Ailong (1); Cao, Zhen (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Technology and Equipment for the Utilization of Agricultural Renewable Resources, Harbin; 150030, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 260-267

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The leaching loss of soil nutrients along with water is serious in the process of agricultural planting, it not only wastes fertilizer resources, but also causes eutrophication of surface water and further threatens groundwater quality, and the phenomenon is more serious during the application of liquid bio-organic fertilizer biogas slurry. Biochar has strong adsorption due to its special physical and chemical properties, adding biochar to soil to reduce the loss of nutrient has become a research focus. However, its leaching process and law still need to be further studied. To investigate the effects of soil nutrient leaching after biogas slurry was applied under different conditions, the orthogonal design of three-factor and three-level L9 (33) was adopted through indoor soil column simulation test. The effects of biochar addition amount(2%, 5% and 10%), leaching intensity(46 mL, 137 mL and 250 mL) and biogas slurry addition amount(100 mL, 200 mL and 300 mL)on soil nutrient leaching and vertical distribution of soil nutrients after leaching were systematically studied. The results showed that soil nutrient leaching was mainly concentrated in the early stage of leaching (leaching was mainly concentrated in the first five times of leaching), the leaching loss amount remained at a low level and gradually became stable at later stage. The effects of various factors on the leaching loss of ammonia nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium were successively the leaching strength, amount of biochar added and amount of biogas slurry applied, however, the effects on the loss amount of nitrate nitrogen leaching were successively the amount of biochar, amount of biogas slurry and leaching intensity. Compared with the control group, the nutrient leaching loss of biochar treatment was significantly reduced. The content of various nutrients of the soil with depth of 0~20 cm added with biochar was significantly higher than that of the soil with depth of 20~40 cm without biochar. The effects of various factors on the content of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and rapidly available potassium in soil were significantly different in longitudinal depth, but there was no significant difference on the content of rapidly available phosphorus. The experiment laid a theoretical foundation for the research on leaching effect of biochar addition and biogas slurry application on soil nutrients, the research and application of biochar as a soil improvement additive as well as the scientific and reasonable application of biogas slurry in the field production can be accelerated. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 26

Main heading: Nutrients

Controlled terms: Ammonia? - ?Biogas? - ?Eutrophication? - ?Fertilizers? - ?Groundwater? - ?Groundwater resources? - ?Leaching? - ?Nitrates? - ?Phosphorus? - ?Potassium ? - ?River pollution? - ?Soil testing? - ?Soils? - ?Surface water resources? - ?Surface waters? - ?Water quality

Uncontrolled terms: Available phosphorus? - ?Available potassiums? - ?Bio chars? - ?Biogas slurry? - ?Physical and chemical properties? - ?Research and application? - ?Theoretical foundations? - ?Vertical distributions

Classification code: 444.1 Surface Water? - ?444.2 Groundwater? - ?445.2 Water Analysis? - ?453 Water Pollution? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?522 Gas Fuels? - ?549.1 Alkali Metals? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+00%, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 4.00e-01m, Volume 1.00e-04m3, Volume 1.37e-04m3, Volume 2.00e-04m3, Volume 2.50e-04m3, Volume 3.00e-04m3, Volume 4.60e-05m3

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.030

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

47. Investigation on Active Control of Spacecraft Micro-vibration

Accession number: 20190706505200

Authors: Li, Yao (1); Wu, Hongtao (1); Yang, Xiaolong (1); Kang, Shengzheng (1); Cheng, Shili (2)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing; 210016, China; (2) School of Automotive Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng; 224051, China

Corresponding author: Wu, Hongtao(mehtwu@126.com)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 379-385

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: With the development of space technology, the high-precision instruments carried by spacecraft have higher requirements on the vibration environment. Active control of spacecraft micro-vibration was studied and analyzed. Firstly, according to the different vibration isolation requirements, the open-loop transfer function of disturbance displacement transmission and disturbance force transmission of single-axis vibration isolator and the closed-loop transfer function based on force feedback were established respectively. Then, the disturbance displacement suppression was taken as an example to theoretically derive. The active vibration isolation effect based on force feedback PI control and linear active disturbance rejection control was analyzed, and the influence of Butterworth filter on active vibration isolation system was discussed. Finally, a single-axis active vibration isolation experimental platform was built to verify the correctness of the theoretical derivation results. Linear active disturbance rejection control can achieve better vibration isolation effect in the full frequency range of 20~500 Hz. The attenuation rate of micro-vibration can reach 10 dB in the low frequency band and 20 dB in the resonant frequency and high frequency. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 25

Main heading: Vibration analysis

Controlled terms: Butterworth filters? - ?Disturbance rejection? - ?Feedback? - ?Natural frequencies? - ?Transfer functions? - ?Vibration control

Uncontrolled terms: Active vibration controls? - ?Active vibration isolation systems? - ?Closed loop transfer function? - ?Displacement suppression? - ?Filter? - ?Linear active disturbance rejection controls? - ?Open-loop transfer functions? - ?Vibration isolation effects

Classification code: 703.2 Electric Filters? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?921 Mathematics

Numerical data indexing: Decibel 1.00e+01dB, Decibel 2.00e+01dB, Frequency 2.00e+01Hz to 5.00e+02Hz

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.046

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

48. Ecological Balance of Leaf Ecological Characteristics and Their Correlation to Thermal Effects of Underlying Surfaces

Accession number: 20190706505178

Authors: Zhu, Jiyou (1); Yu, Qiang (1); Di, Yang (2); He, Weijun (3); Xu, Chengyang (1); Kong, Xiangqi (1)

Author affiliation: (1) College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville; FL; 32611, United States; (3) College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning; 530005, China

Corresponding author: Xu, Chengyang(cyxu@bjfu.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 201-209

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The object was to study the response of plant leaf traits and their related relationships to the thermal environment effect of urban underlying surface and its ecological trade-off strategy. Results showed that specific leaf area, chlorophyll content, stomatal area, stomatal aperture and leaf nitrogen-phosphorus ratio were all increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of environmental surface temperature, which was expressed as grass-planting bricks surface, grass surface, marble surface, cement surface, brick surface, asphalt surface from large to small. While the leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density, stomatal density, leaf nitrogen content, leaf phosphorus content and leaf vein density showed opposite changes, which were expressed as asphalt surface, brick surface, cement surface, marble surface, grass surface and grass-planting brick surface from large to small. There was a certain correlation between plant leaf functional traits. Specific leaf area showed a significant negative correlation with leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density and stomatal density (P ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 40

Main heading: Plants (botany)

Controlled terms: Asphalt? - ?Atmospheric temperature? - ?Brick? - ?Cements? - ?Chlorophyll? - ?Ecology? - ?Economic and social effects? - ?Economics? - ?Investments? - ?Marble ? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Phosphorus? - ?Surface properties? - ?Tissue

Uncontrolled terms: Ecological characteristics? - ?Environmental surfaces? - ?Functional traits? - ?High temperature stress? - ?Leaf nitrogen content? - ?Thermal environment? - ?Trade off? - ?Urban underlying surfaces

Classification code: 411.1 Asphalt? - ?412.1 Cement? - ?414.2 Brick Materials? - ?443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?951 Materials Science? - ?971 Social Sciences

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.024

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

49. Optimization Design and Experiment on Planetary Gears Planting Mechanism of Self-propelled Transplanting Machine

Accession number: 20190706505163

Authors: Hu, Jianping (1); Pan, Jie (1); Zhang, Chendi (1); Zhang, Siwei (1); Fei, Weizheng (1); Pan, Haoran (1)

Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Eduction, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 78-86

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: As one of the core working parts of automatic transplanter, the planting mechanism directly determines the effect of transplanting seedlings. The problem of different plant spacings of different crops was focused on. With the self-made planting mechanism with planetary gears as the research object, the composition and working principle of the planting mechanism were clarified. On this basis, a theoretical model of the planting mechanism was constructed, and the mathematical model of the trajectory about the planting points on front and back duckbills were analyzed and established. The mathematical model was programmed by using Matlab to establish its analysis program. Computer-aided optimization of human-computer interaction interface was developed based on the Matlab GUI platform. With the aid of the optimized design interface, the mathematical model of the trajectory on planting points was solved to simulate the trajectory curve of the planting points on front and back duckbills. The effects of changes in the main parameters of the planting mechanism such as the rotation radius of planet frame, the length of the duckbill, the angle between the initial position of the duckbill and the horizontal line, and the distance from the end point of duckbill to the center of the rotation on the trajectory of the planting site were analyzed. With the value of characteristic parameter λ being greater than 1, the height of the buckle on the planting section being greater than the height of the pot seedling, the front and back duckbills without dragging and hanging seedlings, the size of the hole formed by duckbills on the ridge surface being relatively small and other conditions as optimization goals, through simulation analysis on the influence of main parameters of planting mechanism on trajectory of planting points, institutional parameters that can meet the planting requirements of 280 mm, 310 mm and 345 mm at the same time were obtained and the planting trajectory of parameter combination was verified under three planting distances by simulation. The cucumber seedlings cultivated by 72-hole plug trays were selected as the test objects. With the variation coefficient and planting verticality as the evaluation index, prototype performance tests were conducted on the optimized mechanical parameters. The results showed that the excellent rate of planting verticality on three plant distances was higher than 81%, the total passing rate was over 94.8%, and the variation coefficient of spacing distances was less than 3.2%. This proved that the optimized design of the planting mechanism with planetary gears had good transplanting performance, which can meet the requirements for transplanting of multiple planting distances, and verified the correctness and feasibility of theoretical models and optimization methods. The research results provided an effective method for transplanter design. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 20

Main heading: Seed

Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Curve fitting? - ?Design? - ?Gears? - ?Human computer interaction? - ?Kinematics? - ?MATLAB? - ?Trajectories

Uncontrolled terms: Computer-aided optimizations? - ?Human computer interaction interface? - ?Kinematic model? - ?Mechanical parameters? - ?Optimization design? - ?Parameter combination? - ?Transplanter? - ?Transplanting machine

Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?931.1 Mechanics

Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.20e+00%, Percentage 8.10e+01%, Percentage 9.48e+01%, Size 2.80e-01m, Size 3.10e-01m, Size 3.45e-01m

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.009

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

50. Parameter Calibration Model and Redundancy Analysis of Robot Based on Distance Error

Accession number: 20190706505199

Authors: Shen, Jingjin (1); Guo, Jiazhen (1); Masoud, Kalantari (2)

Author affiliation: (1) School of Automation, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing; 210023, China; (2) Department of Advanced Technology, NOV Wellbore Technologies, Calgary; T2P 3G3, Canada

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 372-378

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: In kinematic calibration of a serial manipulator, to avoid the complex process and determine the relation between measurement coordinates and robot base coordinates when using pose error, a distance-error model was proposed, which placed its base on the geometric property of joint screw and error compensation scheme of adjoint transform. Comparing with other distance-error models such as DH model and MDH model, the proposed model can guarantee the geometric constraints on the joint screw to be naturally satisfied. Furthermore, the physical meanings of the kinematic parameters involved in this model were explicit. As a result, it was relatively easy to evaluate the influence of each kinematic parameter on the distance errors. To enhance the robustness of the model, the kinematic parameters redundancy was studied by investigating the null space of the Jacobian matrix. It was found that the number of independent parameters was determined by the measurement method used to measure the distance errors. Specifically, let r be the number of revolute joints, then, the maximum number of the calibrated parameters was 4r-2, and the number became 2r and 3r-1 when measuring the errors by rotating the corresponding joint and taking the initial configuration as the reference, respectively. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and the correctness of the redundancy analysis, calibration experiments were performed on KUKA youBot with five degrees of freedom. It was found that the result about calibrated parameters obtained from the theoretic analysis was the same as that of experiment. Meanwhile, the mean distance error was decreased by 11.6 times after calibration than before calibration. Therefore, the kinematic accuracy of the robot can be greatly improved by the proposed distance-error model. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Error compensation

Controlled terms: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Jacobian matrices? - ?Kinematics? - ?Manipulators? - ?Mathematical transformations? - ?Redundancy? - ?Robots? - ?Screws

Uncontrolled terms: Adjoints? - ?Calibration experiments? - ?Geometric properties? - ?Independent parameters? - ?Initial configuration? - ?Kinematic Calibration? - ?Parameter calibration? - ?Redundant parameters

Classification code: 605 Small Tools and Hardware? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?921.1 Algebra? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?931.1 Mechanics

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.045

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village

51. Matching Method of Time Temperature Indicator Based on Consistency of Reaction Extents

Accession number: 20190706505194

Authors: Ma, Changyang (1); Xu, Ying (2); Kang, Wenyi (1); Fu, Zetian (3); Zhang, Xiaoshuan (3)

Author affiliation: (1) Joint International Research Laboratory of Food and Medicine Resource Function of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng; 475004, China; (2) College of Applied Science and Technology, Shangqiu University, Kaifeng; 475004, China; (3) Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China

Corresponding author: Zhang, Xiaoshuan(zhxshuan@cau.edu.cn)

Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao

Volume: 49

Issue: 11

Issue date: November 25, 2018

Publication year: 2018

Pages: 336-341 and 371

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 10001298

CODEN: NUYCA3

Document type: Journal article (JA)

Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery

Abstract: The matching method for time temperature indicator (TTI) is the critical factor affecting the application of intelligent indicator. Most current methods depend mainly on the corresponding parameters coupling, correlation analysis and practice logistics verifying without concerning about the reaction extent in matching mechanisms between TTI and agri-produce which needs to be monitored. The relationship between remain shelf life and reaction extent was established and a new matching method between TTI and agri-produce was constructed through keeping the consistency of their reaction extents based on the n-order kinetic models. After a series of analysis and formula, the condition for matching between them was the valid reaction time or remain shelf life of them under any reasonable isothermal process were equal, or the contour lines of them were coincident, no matter whether the orders of their kinetic models were equal or not. In this case, there was a proportional relationship between the reaction speeds of them which was a key character under matching condition. By using the result above, three kinetic models with different orders were constructed, and the matching method was verified based on the consistency of their reaction extents, the appreciate kinetic functions of TTIs for indicating the firmness quality of Crimson seedless grape precisely under alternative and constant temperature logistic was deduced in different order kinetic models. The conclusions validated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, which could promote the application of TTIs. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.

Number of references: 21

Main heading: Time series analysis

Controlled terms: Kinetic parameters? - ?Kinetic theory? - ?Temperature measuring instruments

Uncontrolled terms: Constant temperature? - ?Correlation analysis? - ?Matching mechanisms? - ?Matching methods? - ?Proportional relationships? - ?Reaction extent? - ?Shelf life? - ?Time-temperature indicators

Classification code: 922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity? - ?944.5 Temperature Measuring Instruments

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.040

Compendex references: YES

Database: Compendex

Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Data Provider: Engineering Village