2018年第12期共收錄50篇
1. Reconstruction and Modal Analysis for Flow Field of Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump Impeller
Accession number: 20190706495344
Authors: Zhang, Renhui (1, 2); Chen, Xuebing (1); Guo, Guangqiang (1); Li, Rennian (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems, Lanzhou; Gansu Province; 730050, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 143-149
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: According to the complexity of traditional hydraulic performance optimization design of centrifugal pump, the hybrid surrogate model method which is the combination of proper orthogonal decomposition and radial basis function was proposed for the flow reconstitution of centrifugal pump impeller. The blade of low specific speed centrifugal pump was parameterized by cubic Bezier curve, and the experiment samples can be designed by introducing small perturbation of control parameters which included wrap angle, inlet and outlet blade angles. The snapshot set consisted of the control parameter for blade shape and the flow field data. According to the geometric similarity of the impeller flow passage and the mesh deformation technology, the flow field data of the similar position were interpolated. The snapshot set can be decomposed as linear combination of orthogonal basis by using proper orthogonal decomposition. The orthogonal basis coefficients for the objective blade were fitted by using radial basis function. The flow field data of the objective impeller were reconstructed. In the calculation case for the type of MH48-12.5 centrifugal pump, the flow field in impeller was reconstructed. The root-mean-square error for pressure prediction was 0.84%, and the velocity prediction error was within 0.5m/s. The computation time for the flow field prediction was less than 1/240 of the CFD. POD base modal analysis was carried out on the sample set. The base modal characteristic of flow field and its energy distribution were analyzed. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Modal analysis
Controlled terms: Centrifugal pumps? - ?Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Flow fields? - ?Forecasting? - ?Impellers? - ?Mean square error? - ?Orthogonal functions? - ?Principal component analysis? - ?Radial basis function networks
Uncontrolled terms: Centrifugal pump impellers? - ?Hydraulic performance? - ?Low specific speed centrifugal pump? - ?Modal characteristics? - ?Optimization design? - ?Proper orthogonal decompositions? - ?Radial basis functions? - ?Root mean square errors
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?618.2 Pumps? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.40e-01%, Velocity 5.00e-01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.018
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
2. Effect of Alternate Irrigation with Fresh and Slight Saline Water on Physiological Growth of Summer Maize in Coastal Reclamation Area
Accession number: 20190706495357
Authors: Zhu, Chengli (1, 2); Qiang, Chao (1); Huang, Mingyi (2); Zhai, Yaming (1, 2); Lü, Wen (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-drainage and Agricultural Soil-water Environment in Southern China, Ministry of Education, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 253-261
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Coastal areas in eastern China have a large amount of reclaimed land and slight saline water resources. In order to exploit the reasonable and sustainable utilization of them, a pot experiment was carried out to investigate the characteristics of soil salinity, photosynthesis parameters, oxidation parameters, antioxidant enzymes activities, growth, yield and water use efficiency of summer maize (Zea mays L. ) subjected to three alternate sequences (i. e., BFF: in which maize was irrigated with saline water at the seedling stage and fresh water at other stages; FBF: in which saline water was irrigated at the jointing stage and fresh water at other stages; FFB: in which plants were watered with saline water at the reproductive stage and fresh water at other stages) with three levels (i. e., 1 was 1 g/L NaCl; 3 was 3 g/L NaCl; 5 was 5 g/L NaCl). The result showed that under the same salinity of saline water irrigation, the descending order of soil salt content distribution in upper layer was FBF, FFB and BFF. Net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of summer maize leaves under slight saline water irrigation were decreased compared with that under fresh water irrigation throughout the whole growth period (CK). Under the same salinity irrigation, the descending order of Pn and Gs was FFB, BFF and FBF. Intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) was decreased due to stomatal limitation, but with the increase of irrigation water salinity, non-stomatal limitation caused Ci to increase in 5 g/L treatment. FBF5 had a maximum increase of 19. 44% at 81 d and FFB5 had a minimum increase of 1.38% at 108 d. Hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) in maize leaves under saline irrigation was higher than those under freshwater irrigation. At the same time, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were also increased. However, limitation of the activities of POD and CAT was observed in FBF5 treatment, but it was still higher than those of CK by 37.67% and 13.71%. Compared with CK, alternate irrigation with fresh and slight saline water inhibited the growth and production of maize, resulting in the reduction of plant height, leaf area, growth, yield and water use efficiency. In addition, these adverse effects were more evident in BFF and FBF, because the salt resistance of summer maize was not fully developed and it was more sensitive to salt stress caused by brackish water irrigation. Maize suffered from the most deleterious impact due to saline irrigation during the jointing stage, leading to the most loss of growth and yield. It was confirmed that although maize became more tolerance as crops developing, enhanced crop evapotranspiration also caused more intense salt stress at the jointing stage. Its increasing salt resistance was still insufficient to overcome the corresponding salt stress. In all alternate sequences, the order of water use efficiency (WUE) of summer maize from high to low was FBF, BFF and FFB. As the degree of salinity was increased, the WUE of FBF5 was the lowest, which was decreased by 38.04% compared with that of CK. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, 1 g/L and 3 g/L salinity water irrigation can be applied at the seedling stage with negligent negative impacts on maize production, and higher salinity irrigation can be used at the reproductive stage, while freshwater irrigation was more appropriate during the jointing stage. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 33
Main heading: Saline water
Controlled terms: Carbon dioxide? - ?Crops? - ?Efficiency? - ?Enzymes? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Irrigation? - ?Oxidative stress? - ?Photosynthesis? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Sodium chloride ? - ?Water conservation? - ?Water resources? - ?Water supply
Uncontrolled terms: Carbon dioxide concentrations? - ?Crop evapotranspiration? - ?Net photosynthetic rate? - ?Saline water irrigations? - ?Summer maize? - ?Superoxide dismutases? - ?Sustainable utilization? - ?Yield
Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?461.9 Biology? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?913.1 Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.00e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 3.00e+00kg/m3, Mass_Density 5.00e+00kg/m3, Percentage 1.37e+01%, Percentage 1.38e+00%, Percentage 3.77e+01%, Percentage 3.80e+01%, Percentage 4.40e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.031
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
3. Design and Experiment of Implantable Sensor and Real-time Detection System for Temperature Monitoring of Cow
Accession number: 20190706495351
Authors: He, Dongjian (1, 2); Liu, Chang (1, 2); Xiong, Hongting (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (3) Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 195-202
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Considering the shortcomings of contact thermometer, such as low precision, poor real-time performance and cross-infection, a body temperature implantable sensor of cow was developed to realize the intelligent detection of cow body temperature signal by using wireless sensor network. PT1000 was used as temperature measuring probe, and the analog-to-digital converter ADS1256 and control chip MSP430 were used to filter the acquisition voltage and improve the accuracy. The 433M wireless signal module was used in conjunction with the ZigBee network to design the collar node, as a relay node that transmitted cow body temperature data from body to outside. In details, the 433M wireless signal was transmitted from cow to collar node, then the 2.4 GHz ZigBee network was used from collar node to remote monitoring center, which worked more stable and reliable, realizing high-precision real-time monitoring of temperature. The sensor accuracy, stability, reaction speed, transmission performance and system packet loss rate were tested, respectively. The results showed that the designed sensor temperature measurement error was less than 0.05, the maximum fluctuation of 12 h temperature measurement was 0.02, which was stable within 15 s. The information can be effectively transmitted to the collar node by using implantable sensor RF. Inside one cattle farm, the packet loss rate of the whole system was no more than 1.2%, providing important data for cow estrous prediction and disease prevention. Vaginal temperature could become a good indicator for predicting not only the onset of calving, but also the necessity of assistance. The research result can also be a reference for other animals’ temperature detection. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Temperature sensors
Controlled terms: Analog to digital conversion? - ?Packet loss? - ?Physiology? - ?Sensor nodes? - ?Signal detection? - ?Temperature measurement? - ?Zigbee
Uncontrolled terms: Analog to digital converters? - ?Implantable? - ?Intelligent detection? - ?Temperature detection? - ?Temperature measuring? - ?Temperature monitoring? - ?Transmission performance? - ?Wireless transmissions
Classification code: 461.9 Biology? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?722 Computer Systems and Equipment? - ?722.3 Data Communication, Equipment and Techniques? - ?944.5 Temperature Measuring Instruments? - ?944.6 Temperature Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Frequency 2.40e+09Hz, Percentage 1.20e+00%, Time 1.50e+01s, Time 4.32e+04s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.025
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
4. Recognition of Wheat Leaf Diseases Based on Elliptic Metric Learning
Accession number: 20190706495329
Authors: Bao, Wenxia (1); Zhao, Jian (1); Zhang, Dongyan (1); Liang, Dong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis and Application, Anhui University, Hefei; 230601, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 20-26
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Feature extraction and similarity measurement are two key problems of crop pest recognition based on image processing. The leaves of wheat powdery mildew were treated as the research objects, and an algorithm of wheat leaf disease severity recognition based on elliptical metric learning was proposed. Firstly, a method of moving window maximum (MWM) feature extraction was presented in the algorithm. The HSV color features and LBP texture features were extracted by using the sliding window method from the segmented lesion images. The maximum value of each dimension feature on the same horizontal sliding window was taken as the feature of this horizontal bar. The MWM feature representation method can effectively reduce the influence of curvature, tilt and different shooting angles of wheat leaves on the recognition rate. Then, an elliptical metric with better distinguishability for sample data was introduced, and the elliptic metric matrix was defined based on the log-likelihood ratio of Gaussian distributions on the intrapersonal sample and the extrapersonal sample. In order to maintain the maximal classification information, the feature subspace learning and elliptic metric learning were performed simultaneously. Finally, to recognize the severity of diseases, the elliptic metric was used to calculate the distance between the eigenvectors. The results of comparison experiments showed that the recognition rate of wheat powdery mildew severity was 100%, which was better than 88. 33% for SVM method and 90% for BP neural network method. The research result can provide valuable help for the intelligent recognition of crop disease severity. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Classification (of information)
Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Extraction? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Fungi? - ?Image processing? - ?Neural networks? - ?Textures
Uncontrolled terms: Classification informations? - ?Elliptical metrics? - ?Intelligent recognition? - ?Leaf disease? - ?Moving window? - ?Powdery mildew? - ?Similarity measurements? - ?Sliding window methods
Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 3.30e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.003
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
5. Influence of Length of Shroud on Performance of Agricultural Axial Fan
Accession number: 20190706495343
Authors: Ding, Tao (1); Zhao, Yang (1, 2); Shi, Zhengxiang (1, 3); Wang, Chaoyuan (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Engineering Research Center of Safety and Energy Saving Technology for Water Supply Network System, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 135-142 and 187
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The geometric model of a 50-inch agricultural axial fan was established by a 3D laser scanner. The experimentally verified numerical model was used to study the influence of length of shroud of agricultural axial fan on the internal and external characteristics of fan. Keeping the inlet position of the shroud, the rounded corner radius and the diffusion angle were unchanged, and defining the ratio of length of shroud to axial width of tip as K. The value of K was chosen as 0.50, 0.78, 0.90, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.5 and 2.0. Totally seven different imported static pressure operating points were chosen for numerical simulation. The results showed that during the process of increasing the K from 0.50 to 1.0, the air volume and energy efficiency ratio of fan were obviously improved. When K was from 1.0 to 1.1, the fan air volume and energy efficiency ratio were the highest, which was about 10% higher than those of the prototype fan with K=0.78. When the K was from 1.1 to 2.0, the air volume was slightly decreased. The energy efficiency ratio was decreased significantly. Using the Q criterion to identify the vortex structure in the tip and outer frame regions, it was found that with the growth of K, the tip leakage vortex underwent three processes of division, attenuation and redevelopment. When K was 1.0 it can effectively inhibit the development of tip leakage vortex and minimize the strength of tip vortex. The lengthening of the shroud can significantly reduce the outer frame vortex. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Energy efficiency
Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Axial flow turbomachinery? - ?Computer simulation? - ?Fans? - ?Numerical models? - ?Scanning? - ?Vortex flow
Uncontrolled terms: 3D laser scanners? - ?Axial fans? - ?Energy efficiency ratio? - ?External characteristic? - ?Geometric modeling? - ?Length of shroud? - ?Tip leakage vortex? - ?Vortex structures
Classification code: 525.2 Energy Conservation? - ?618.3 Blowers and Fans? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?921 Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Size 1.27e+00m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.017
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
6. Improvement and Experiment of Cleaning Loss Rate Monitoring Device for Corn Combine Harvester
Accession number: 20190706495338
Authors: Wang, Zhuo (1); Che, Dong (1, 2); Bai, Xiaoping (1); Hu, Hechun (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang; 110016, China; (2) College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang; 110819, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 100-108
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Piezoelectric films were used as sensor sensitive materials. A grain cleaning loss rate monitoring device suitable for corn harvesting was designed. The impact sensor, signal processing circuit and mounting device were designed, and the corresponding processing algorithm was used to collect the impact signal. Firstly, under different experimental conditions of impact angle and height, the impact signal acquisition experiments of different sizes of corn kernels and impurities were carried out. The main characteristics of impact signal were also extracted. Secondly, the support vector machine was used for multi-classification. The model was trained by the support vector machine multi-classification algorithm and real-time classification was implemented on the monitoring device. And the classification model was validated by using different corn varieties and moisture content. Then, under the conditions of different fan speeds and cleaning screen opening degrees, the relationship between the number of grains detected by the sensor and the total loss during the test time was obtained. And the real-time cleaning loss rate was calculated according to the grain flow value. Finally, the monitoring device was mounted on a 4YL-8 combine harvester and field trials were conducted. The results showed that the average relative error of the monitoring device compared with manual detection was 12.98%, which can provide feedback for the control of the harvester. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Combines
Controlled terms: Cleaning? - ?Films? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Harvesters? - ?Monitoring? - ?Piezoelectricity? - ?Signal processing? - ?Support vector machines
Uncontrolled terms: Average relative error? - ?Cleaning loss? - ?Combine harvesters? - ?Experimental conditions? - ?Monitoring device? - ?Multi-classification algorithms? - ?Piezoelectric film? - ?Signal processing circuits
Classification code: 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.30e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.012
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
7. Technology of Coring Drill with Flexible Tube for Sand Layers Continuous Sampling
Accession number: 20190706495356
Authors: Tian, Ye (1); Chen, Mengmeng (1); Yang, Fei (2); Hou, Xuyan (2); Tang, Junyue (2); Deng, Zongquan (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Department of Light Industry, Harbin Commercial University, Harbin; 150028, China; (2) School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150006, China
Corresponding author: Yang, Fei(378357009@qq.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 246-252
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Sand layer is a common covering material on the surface of earth. The sample can provide more information for geological analysis in the area. Sand particles were carried by water and wind easily. Therefore, the shallow sample obtained by traditional cutting ring method would lose some important characters. For the high fluidity and low cohesive of sand, the traditional cutting ring sample method cannot collect the samples from the length greater than 20 cm with continuous layers information. A new sample drilling technology with flexible tube mechanism was proposed to resolve this problem. It was composed by flexible tube which was fixed in the auger. The sample drilling technology had ability to increase coring length and protect layers. The contact principle and disturbance between the coring drill and sand were analyzed. Based on the simulation results analysis, the reasons for the failure of continuous sampling were revealed. An experimental bench was built to test the difference between the traditional cutting ring and flexible tube drilling method on sampling rate. The results showed that the coring rate was decreased by 10.4% and increased by 16.4% to the flexible tube and traditional cutting ring, respectively. The sampling rate and efficiency of flexible tube were much higher and less adverse the sequence of sand layers. The coring rate of flexible tube was increased from 13.08% to 84.08%. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Tubes (components)
Controlled terms: Drills? - ?Infill drilling? - ?Sand
Uncontrolled terms: Continuous layers? - ?Continuous sampling? - ?Covering material? - ?Drilling technology? - ?Experimental bench? - ?Flexible tubes? - ?Geological analysis? - ?Sand layer
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?511.1 Oil Field Production Operations? - ?603.2 Machine Tool Accessories? - ?619.1 Pipe, Piping and Pipelines
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.04e+01%, Percentage 1.31e+01% to 8.41e+01%, Size 2.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.030
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
8. Evaluation on Combustion Characteristics of Straw Hydrothermal Bio-char
Accession number: 20190706495366
Authors: Ma, Teng (1); Hao, Yanhui (2); Yao, Zonglu (1); Zhao, Lixin (1); Cong, Hongbin (1); Meng, Haibo (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing; 100125, China; (2) School of Mechanics and Electrics Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou; 570228, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Lixin(zhaolixin5092@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 340-346
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Hydrothermal bio-char (ht-biochar) produced from hydrothermal carbonization at different temperatures (200, 240, 280, 320 and 360) were used as material. Chemical composition, kinetic parameters, combustion index were applied in evaluating the combustion characteristics of ht-biochar. The effects of hydrothermal temperature on the combustion characteristics were also studied. It can be concluded that with the temperature increasing from 200 to 360, the weight ratio of fixed carbon to volatiles in ht-biochar was increased from 0.34 to 1.2, accompanying with the decrease of O/C (mol/mol) and H/C (mol/mol) from 0.5 and 1.17 to 0.07 and 0.67, respectively. The increase of temperature deepened the coalification degree of ht-biochar. When the hydrothermal temperature was amounted to 320, the chemical composition of ht-biochar resembled that of bitumite. At elevated temperature, combustion index Z of ht-biochar was decreased from 3.49×10-2 to 6.64×10-3, indicating that the increase of temperature reduced the combustion activity, which could be confirmed by the variation of chemical composition and calculation results of kinetic parameters. This proved that dimensionless combustion index Z could be used to rate the combustion characteristics accurately. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 37
Main heading: Combustion
Controlled terms: Carbonization? - ?Kinetic parameters? - ?Straw
Uncontrolled terms: Bio chars? - ?Calculation results? - ?Chemical compositions? - ?Combustion characteristics? - ?Combustion indices? - ?Elevated temperature? - ?Hydrothermal carbonization? - ?Hydrothermal temperature
Classification code: 802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?821.5 Agricultural Wastes? - ?931 Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.040
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
9. Design and Test of Cone Diversion Type Horizontal Plate Wheat Precision Seed-metering Device
Accession number: 20190706495333
Authors: Liu, Cailing (1); Du, Xin (1); Zhang, Fuyin (1); Ma, Tuo (1); Zhang, Haoyang (1); Li, Yanni (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Soil-Machine-Plant System Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 56-65
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to achieve precision seeding of low sowing quantity of wheat and improve the accuracy of precision seeding of wheat, a kind of cone diversion type horizontal plate wheat precision seed-metering device was proposed. The design and theoretical analysis of key parameters were carried out. Single factor test on the effects of the guide bar form, number of holes, cone disc speed and cone disc angle on seed-filling performance were studied by EDEM discrete element software, and then the parameters were determined. On this basis, the multiple quadratic regression rotation orthogonal combination test was carried out with cone speed, seed-layer thickness and length of hole, and then the test data was analyzed by Design-Expert 8.0.6 software. The regression model and the influence of factors on the index were obtained. The influence relation of factors on the single rate was determined and the order of importance was the cone disc speed, length of hole and seed-layer thickness in turn. The order of importance of the qualified rate was the cone disc speed, seed-layer thickness and length of hole in turn. Interaction between the length of a hole and the seed-layer thickness, cone disc speed and seed-layer thickness cannot be ignored. Based on the regression model, the parameters were optimized and the seed metering device under the optimized parameter combination was tested for seed-metering performance. The results showed that the qualified seed-metering rate, the leakage rate and single rate was 90.13%, 9.87% and 49.50%, raspectively, and the test results matched the simulation optimization results. The reliability of the simulation optimization result was verified. The performance comparison tests with the original cone seed-metering device showed that the designed cone diversion type horizontal plate wheat precision seed-metering device was better than the original cone disc seed-metering device in both metering performance and breakage index. The qualified rate was increased by 3.4 percentage points, 2.1 percentage points and 1.9 percentage points at 3 km/h, 4 km/h and 5 km/h, respectively, and the damage rate was decreased by 0.2 percentage point at 3 km/h. The designed cone diversion type horizontal plate wheat precision seed-metering device can effectively improve seed filling performance and qualification index and reduce sowing quantity and breakage rate. The research results provided a reference for the design of wheat precision seeder used in wide seedling strip. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Software testing
Controlled terms: Design? - ?Finite difference method? - ?Pneumatic materials handling equipment? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Speed? - ?Testing
Uncontrolled terms: Optimized parameter? - ?Performance comparison? - ?Precision seed-metering devices? - ?Quadratic regression? - ?Seed layer thickness? - ?Seed metering devices? - ?Simulation optimization? - ?Wheat
Classification code: 632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.95e+01%, Percentage 9.01e+01%, Percentage 9.87e+00%, Velocity 1.11e+00m/s, Velocity 1.39e+00m/s, Velocity 8.33e-01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.007
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
10. Structure Optimization Method of Machine Tool Weak Part Based on Mapping Model between Structure and Whole Machine Performance
Accession number: 20190706495376
Authors: Yang, Yong (1, 2); Sun, Qun (3); Shen, Yehu (1, 2); Cai, Xiaotong (1, 2); Li, Hua (1, 2); Zhang, Ziyue (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (2) Key Laboratory for Precision and Efficient Processing Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou; 215009, China; (3) College of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai; 201306, China
Corresponding author: Li, Hua(lihua@mail.usts.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 420-428
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: A structure optimization method of machine tool weak part based on mapping model between structure and whole machine performance was proposed. In this method, firstly the structure weak component was determined by the dynamic and static characteristics analysis of machine tools. Secondly, the structure-performance mapping modeling method based on elliptical basis function (EBF) neural network, whose extended constant was selected adaptively, was proposed. In this section, the elliptical basis function neural networks was modified and improved, and the EBF modeling method based on self-adaptive extended constant was proposed. The self-organizing selection of expansion coefficients was used to determine the reasonable participation and overlap of different elliptic basis functions, and it can avoid all elliptical basis functions from too flatting or too slant effectively, which may affect the accuracy of EBF modeling. Then, the structure-performance mapping model based on improved elliptic basis function neural network was structured. Also the validity and correctness of the mapped model was verified based on the sample data: the correlation coefficients between actual values and calculation results from mapped model were all above 0.995. Thirdly, on the above basis, according to the physical mapping relation between structure and static/dynamic performance of the whole machine tool, considering the effect of boundary constraint of the whole assembly, by taking dynamic and static performances as evaluation, and choosing the structure of weak component as the optimization object, based on multi-objective optimization algorithm, the optimization of weak structure part and the whole dynamic performance of machine tool were realized finally. After optimization, the center point deformation of tool was reduced by 12.8%, the mass of structure part was reduced by 9.7%, while the first order natural frequency of the whole machine tool was increased by 6.9%. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Shape optimization
Controlled terms: Functions? - ?Machine tools? - ?Mapping? - ?Multiobjective optimization? - ?Optimization? - ?Structural optimization
Uncontrolled terms: Basis function neural networks? - ?Correlation coefficient? - ?Expansion coefficients? - ?First order natural frequency? - ?Static characteristic? - ?Structure optimization? - ?Structure performance? - ?Whole machine
Classification code: 405.3 Surveying? - ?603.1 Machine Tools, General? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.28e+01%, Percentage 6.90e+00%, Percentage 9.70e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.050
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
11. Path Planning Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Accession number: 20190706495370
Authors: Jia, Huiqun (1, 2); Wei, Zhonghui (1); He, Xin (1); Zhang, Lei (1); He, Jiawei (1); Mu, Zhiya (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun; 130033, China; (2) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; 100049, China
Corresponding author: Wei, Zhonghui(wzhlvp@sohu.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 371-377
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm has some shortcomings such as low convergence precision, stagnant search and so on, which lead to the low precision of robot path planning. In order to improve the precision of path planning, the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm was improved. Firstly, the inertia weight factor and acceleration factor were adjusted adaptively by the trigonometric function in each stage of the algorithm operation, so that the parameters in the algorithm were optimized in each stage of the algorithm operation, and the search ability of the algorithm was improved. Secondly, the hen equation and chick equation of chicken swarm algorithm were introduced to perturb the search stagnation particles, and the global optimal solution was used in the introduced equation to make the disturbed particle approach the global optimal solution. Finally, through two sets of comparative experiments of function optimization and path planning, it was proved that the improved algorithm had the advantages of high searching precision and good robustness. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Particle swarm optimization (PSO)
Controlled terms: Animals? - ?Motion planning? - ?Optimal systems? - ?Robot programming? - ?Robots? - ?Swarm intelligence
Uncontrolled terms: Comparative experiments? - ?Function Optimization? - ?Global optimal solutions? - ?Improved particle swarm optimization algorithms? - ?Inertia weight factors? - ?Particle swarm optimization algorithm? - ?Swarm algorithms? - ?Trigonometric functions
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?961 Systems Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.044
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
12. Design and Analysis of Structure Coupling Reduction on Novel 3T1R Parallel Mechanism
Accession number: 20190706495373
Authors: Zhu, Xiaorong (1); Hu, Yang (1); Shen, Huiping (1); Yang, Tingli (1); Zhu, Wei (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213164, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 393-401
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: According to the design theory for parallel mechanisms (PMs) based on position and orientation characteristic (POC) equation and the principle for coupling degree reduction, a novel 3T1R PM with lower coupling degree was proposed. Firstly, the structure coupling-reducing optimization design for a kind of 3T1R PM was performed, whose POC and degree of freedom were unchanged with lower coupling degree (κ1=1 and κ2=0). Moreover, the topological structure and the decoupling characteristic were analyzed and the results showed the motion of the mechanism was partially decoupled. Secondly, the positive and inverse analytic solutions were analyzed, and the singularity analysis was also performed based on Jacobian matrix, from which two singularity-free workspace regions were obtained. Finally, the workspace and rotation capability were also analyzed, which showed that workspace and rotation capability of the coupling reduction PM were enhanced compared with that of the original PM under the same structural parameters. The results showed that the coupling reduction mechanism had good motion-decoupling property, simple mechanical structure, large workspace and remarkable consistent rotational capacity in full workspace, and avoided the shortcomings of bad rotational capacity and strong coupling, which made it a promising prospect in the application of industry. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 23
Main heading: Structural optimization
Controlled terms: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Jacobian matrices? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Steel beams and girders? - ?Topology
Uncontrolled terms: Coupling degree? - ?Motion decoupling? - ?Parallel mechanisms? - ?Rotation capacity? - ?Singularity-free? - ?Topological structure
Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?601.3 Mechanisms? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?931.1 Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.047
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
13. Design on Trajectory Tracking Controller of Agricultural Vehicles under Disturbances
Accession number: 20190706495371
Authors: Liu, Zhengduo (1, 2); Zhang, Wanzhi (1, 2); Lü, Zhaoqin (1, 2); Zheng, Wenxiu (1, 2); Mu, Guizhi (1, 2); Cheng, Xiangxun (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China
Corresponding author: Lü, Zhaoqin(lzqsdau2003@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 378-386
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to improve the trajectory tracking robust stability of agricultural vehicles, a path tracking control method was proposed based on the linear predictive model. Through the proposed method, the path tracking problem can be divided into two problems: the trajectory planning problem and the trajectory tracking optimization problem with speed and steering angle constraints. Firstly, a dynamic model of the agricultural vehicle was established and discretized to deduce the system error model, based on which the prediction model was obtained for the controller. Then the Lyapunov function was introduced to validate the convergence and robust of the controller. Secondly, an objective function based on system variables and control inputs was coined. And the constraints of system state variables and control inputs were taken into consideration. The optimal control system was transformed into an optimization problem. Finally, the interior point method was brought forward to solve the optimization problem. The Matlab simulation results validated the road tracking ability of the tested road with enough robust performance. When front wheel disturbance was not more than 15° and tracking disturbance in lateral direction was not more than 1.5 m, the controller can quickly adjust the vehicle to the reference track. Meanwhile, the corresponding experiments were conducted. It was showed that the maximum lateral tracking deviation was 10.57 cm and the mean was 8.49 cm with forward speed of 2 m/s. During circular sections or after injecting the disturbance, the deviation was significantly increased and the maximum lateral deviation was 23.89 cm, but the effective tracking can still be achieved. It can be concluded that the controller can satisfy the requirements of the precision and robustness of agricultural vehicles when the speed was less than 2 m/s. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Controllers
Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Linear programming? - ?Lyapunov functions? - ?MATLAB? - ?Optimal control systems? - ?Problem solving? - ?Roads and streets? - ?Trajectories? - ?Vehicles
Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural vehicles? - ?Disturbances? - ?Linear predictive models? - ?Path tracking? - ?Robust stability? - ?System state variables? - ?Trajectory tracking controllers? - ?Transport vehicles
Classification code: 406.2 Roads and Streets? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?921 Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.06e-01m, Size 1.50e+00m, Size 2.39e-01m, Size 8.49e-02m, Velocity 2.00e+00m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.045
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
14. Design and Experiment of Bionic Soil-cutting Blade Based on Multi-claw Combination of Mole Rat
Accession number: 20190706495341
Authors: Yang, Yuwan (1, 2); Tong, Jin (1, 2); Ma, Yunhai (1, 2); Li, Mo (1, 2); Jiang, Xiaohu (1, 2); Li, Jinguang (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Bionics Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China; (2) College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China
Corresponding author: Tong, Jin(jtong@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 122-128
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Soil tillage is an important operation to create a better soil condition for crop growing. However, larger draught forces exist in the tillage operation so that it is urgent to need some methods to solve these problems. Mole rat has the outstanding digging performance, and its multi-claw combination would inspire the development of new efficient tillage implements. The mathematical model of the multi-claw combination was established, and bionic soil-cutting blades were designed for investigating the effects of the bionic structural elements (m and n), soil moisture content and rake angle on the draught force. By the quadratic regression orthogonal test, it was found that the soil moisture content and rake angle had more significant effects on the draught force. Optimal combination with the least draught force was m=5 and n=1.75. Through the comparison test of the draught force between conventional and bionic soil-cutting blades at the rake angle of 10° to 90° and the soil moisture content of 10% to 30%, the bionic structural elements had no significant effects on the critical rake angle of blades, but soil moisture content had a significant effect on that. Particularly, the bionic blade showed the best cutting performance. When the soil moisture content was 10%, 20% and 30%, the draught force of the bionic blade was decreased by 11.48% to 39.16%, 17.81% to 28.00% and 11.19% to 33.26%, respectively. Moreover, the bionic blade had better soil cutting performance at the soil moisture content of 10%~20%. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Soil moisture
Controlled terms: Bionics? - ?Cultivation? - ?Cutting tools? - ?Design? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Rats
Uncontrolled terms: Cutting performance? - ?Multi-claw combination? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Quadratic regression? - ?Soil conditions? - ?Soil cuttings? - ?Structural elements? - ?Tillage implement
Classification code: 461.1 Biomedical Engineering? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?603.2 Machine Tool Accessories? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.00e+01% to 3.00e+01%, Percentage 1.12e+01% to 3.33e+01%, Percentage 1.15e+01% to 3.92e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.015
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
15. Review on Crop Type Fine Identification and Automatic Mapping Using Remote Sensing
Accession number: 20190706495327
Authors: Liu, Zhe (1, 2); Liu, Diyou (1, 3); Zhu, Dehai (1, 2); Zhang, Lin (1, 3); Zan, Xuli (1, 3); Tong, Liang (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing for Agri-Hazards, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Zhu, Dehai(zhudehai@263.net)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 1-12
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Crop type identification and mapping products are required for the monitoring of crop growth, risk stress, crop yield and other parameters, as well as the planting structure adjustment, decision analysis of supply and demand, arable land resource security and ecological effect assessment. Remote sensing data have become the most important data source for crop type mapping, and the emerging digital technology also provides a series of new approaches. However, with the advent of smart agriculture era, new demands are placed on crop type mapping with higher spatial and temporal resolution, higher product accuracy and more automated. The object was to provide a review of technology trends, key issues and demand gaps of crop type mapping based on remote sensing. It was concentrated on the main problems and main research work from the three perspectives of small-scale crop type fine identification, large-scale crop type automated mapping and crop type mapping mode change. It was highlighted that crop type mapping products needed more precise, near real-time and higher accuracy on the small scale, mainly using super-high spatialresolution image data, such as one meter or less. Furthermore, it still faced significant challenges to improve crop type mapping accuracy, such as more than 95%, for extracting high accuracy crop phenotypes information to meet application needs. On the large-scale crop type mapping, it needed to be more automated and meet the reliable accuracy, such as around 90%. High spatial and temporal resolution image data were mainly used, such as 2~5 d and 10~30 m, and also the issues of how to deal with the storage management and analysis were faced when it came to big data, to develop the classification method in a robust manner over the large scale, and to fine a scientific and efficient ground true sample acquisition approach. It was also presented that the pattern of crop type mapping would also shift from confirming monitoring to early prediction and specific crop detection. Moreover, five prospects were proposed from the perspectives of strengthening scientific research and accelerating application, which provided some ideas for the development of remote sensing crop type identification and mapping products that met the different needs of smart agriculture and smart land. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 102
Main heading: Mapping
Controlled terms: Automation? - ?Crops? - ?Digital storage? - ?Information management? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Risk assessment? - ?Storage management? - ?Yield stress
Uncontrolled terms: Classification methods? - ?Crop identification? - ?Digital technologies? - ?Research process? - ?Review of technologies? - ?Scientific researches? - ?Spatial and temporal resolutions? - ?Structure adjustments
Classification code: 405.3 Surveying? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?723.3 Database Systems? - ?731 Automatic Control Principles and Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention? - ?951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.00e+01%, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Size 1.00e+01m to 3.00e+01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.001
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
16. Design and Test of Conveying Device of Pneumatic Straw Deep Burying and Returning Machine
Accession number: 20190706495331
Authors: Tian, Yang (1); Lin, Jing (1); Li, Baofa (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang; 110866, China
Corresponding author: Lin, Jing(synydxlj69@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 36-44
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The pneumatic style straw deep burying and returning machine enjoys comprehensive functions in the aspect of stubble breaking, straw picking and crushing, ditching and crushing, inter-row deep loosening, deep-buried straw, soil covering, and finally buries the straw below 20 cm between rows and at the same time constructs the furrow loose and ridge compaction plough layer structure. According to the technical requirements of reasonable tillage construction, the pneumatic conveying device was designed. The main structural parameters of the conveying device were as follows: the cross section of the conveying pipe was 0.2 m×0.2 m square pipe; the impeller diameter was 0.55 m; the width of impeller was 0.17 m; the inlet diameter was 0.26 m; the width of fan shell was 0.2 m; the outer diameter of screw blade was 0.25 m; the diameter of the screw shaft was 0.09 m; the screw pitch was 0.2 m; the thickness of the screw blade was 0.003 m; and the clearance between the outer diameter and the inner surface of the conveying pipe was 0.005 m. According to the test of suspended velocity for corn, the suspended velocity of upper, middle and lower parts of 10 cm corn stalk was 10.4 m/s, 12.3 m/s and 12.7 m/s, respectively, with an average of 11.9 m/s. The test results and simulation error was 7%. On the basis of gas-solid coupling theory, the CFD-DEM method was used to simulate the two-phase flow of gas-solid in the conveyor. When the angle was 30° and rotation speed was 1 800 r/min, the minimum velocity of straw in the conveying pipeline was 5.21 m/s. And the corresponding velocity of air flow was 17~27 m/s. At the outlet, the velocity of straw reached 6.06 m/s, and 2~27 m/s at the air flow rate. The number of straw inside the fan was 24 at 1.2 s, and then it had the most effective delivery. The results of field experiment showed that the optimum combination of performance parameters of pneumatic conveyor was as follows: blade bending angle was 30°, straw coverage was 1.2 kg/m2, fan speed was 1 800 r/min and the qualified rate of deep-buried was 93.2%. The research had effectively improved the deep-buried quality and also can provide reference on further study on performance improvement of pneumatic straw deep burying and returning machine as well as the promotion of agriculture mechanization level. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Two phase flow
Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Air? - ?Computational fluid dynamics? - ?Couplings? - ?Crushing? - ?Impellers? - ?Pneumatic conveyors? - ?Pneumatics? - ?Screws? - ?Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Gas-solid couplings? - ?Minimum velocities? - ?Optimum combination? - ?Performance parameters? - ?Pneumatic conveying? - ?Simulation error? - ?Structural parameter? - ?Technical requirement
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?605 Small Tools and Hardware? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?632.3 Pneumatics? - ?632.4 Pneumatic Equipment and Machinery? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 7.00e+00%, Percentage 9.32e+01%, Rotational_Speed 1.80e+03RPM, Size 1.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m, Size 5.00e-03m, Surface_Density 1.20e+00kg/m2, Time 1.20e+00s, Velocity 1.04e+01m/s, Velocity 1.19e+01m/s, Velocity 1.23e+01m/s, Velocity 1.27e+01m/s, Velocity 1.70e+01m/s to 2.70e+01m/s, Velocity 2.00e+00m/s to 2.70e+01m/s, Velocity 5.21e+00m/s, Velocity 6.06e+00m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.005
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
17. Characteristics of Temporal-spatial Solar Radiation Distribution in Northwest China Based on Cloud Model
Accession number: 20190706495354
Authors: Guan, Jing (1, 2); Liang, Chuan (1, 2); Zhao, Lu (1, 2); Cui, Ningbo (1, 2); Wang, Chunyi (1, 2); Jiang, Shouzheng (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu; 610065, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Lu(luya1121@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 226-235
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to study the temporal-spatial distribution of solar radiation (Rs) in Northwest China, daily Rs of 16 stations in Northwest China from 1961 to 2015 were calculated by ?ngstr?m-Prescott (A-P) model, and cloud model was used to describe the temporal-spatial distribution of Rs in Northwest China. To obtain the best parameters calibrated method and assess its adaptability, Northwest China was divided into four areas. area included northern Xinjiang, middle and west section of Hexi Corridor of Gansu, central and northern Ningxia, western Inner Mongolia. area included southern Xinjiang. area included Qinghai. area included southeast Gansu, southern Ningxia, Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi. Daily climatic data radiation (Rs) and sunshine hour (n) of 16 stations from 1995 to 2015 were used to calibrate A-P model parameters, and four different parameters calibrated methods for A-P model were used, including monthly (M1), seasonally (M2), bi-annualy (M3) and annually (M4), in which high precision and simple calculation method for each area was finally selected to calculate Rs. The results showed that the fitting results of four parameters calibrated methods conformed the measured values well both in daily and monthly scales. RMSE and nRMSE of four parameters calibrated methods changed little. The values of t-statistic showed that there was no difference among the three methods (M1, M2 and M3) in use of data calculation in area and area, no difference between the two methods (M1 and M3) in use of data calculation in area, no difference between the two methods (M1 and M2) in use of data calculation in area. When cloud model was used to analyze the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of Rs in Northwest China, as a consequence, there was good homogeneity but poor stability of Rs in area in the time. There was good homogeneity and stability of Rs in area and area in the time. There was poor homogeneity and stability of Rs in area in the time. Besides, spatial distribution of Rs in Northwest China was uneven. Rs of the four seasons in area (Qinghai Province) was larger than those of other areas. In general, the homogeneity and stability of Rs in the space was worse than that in the time. The results can be used to construct a complete Rs time series in Northwest China and provide a scientific reference for the study of temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of Rs in Northwest China. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Spatial distribution
Controlled terms: Cloud computing? - ?Solar radiation? - ?Stability
Uncontrolled terms: Cloud modeling? - ?Northern shaanxi? - ?NorthWest China? - ?Scientific references? - ?Simple calculation method? - ?Solar radiation distribution? - ?Sunshine Hour? - ?Temporal spatial distribution
Classification code: 657.1 Solar Energy and Phenomena? - ?722.4 Digital Computers and Systems? - ?921 Mathematics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.028
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
18. Analysis and Experiment of Torque Speed Characteristics of Coupled Radial Piston Motor
Accession number: 20190706495374
Authors: Wen, Desheng (1); Wang, Lei (1); Liu, Chunxiao (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 402-408
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the existing hydraulic motor is easy to be damaged due to unbalanced radial force, a couple force-type radial piston motor was designed based on the idea of double stators. The radial force balance of motor output shaft was not affected by the lateral force, and the torque was output through the force couple. The inner and outer motors were formed in one shell of the motor, and three kinds of torque and rotational speed can be output through different flow distribution modes. The structural characteristics and working principle of the motor were introduced, and the relationship between curve of guide rail and pulsation of motor torque and rotational speed were analyzed through the analysis of instantaneous torque of motor, the condition that torque and rotational speed of the motor without pulsating was obtained, and the law of angle distribution of guide rail curve when the torque ripple was zero was obtained. A motor test bench was built to test and measure the output characteristics of the motor. When the inner motor worked alone, the output torque was low and the rotation speed was high; when the outer motor worked alone, the torque was high and the rotation speed was low; when the inner and outer motors worked together, the maximum torque and minimum rotation speed were output. The motor prototype was processed and tested, and the output characteristics of the motor under three working modes were tested. The results showed that the torque pulsation was related to the sum of velocities of plungers in the oil inlet section. If the sum of the velocities was constant, there was no torque-speed pulsation in theory. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Torque
Controlled terms: Experiments? - ?Hydraulic motors? - ?Pistons? - ?Speed
Uncontrolled terms: Angle distribution? - ?Characteristics? - ?Force couple? - ?Output characteristics? - ?Structural characteristics? - ?Torque ripples? - ?Torque speed characteristic? - ?Unbalanced radial forces
Classification code: 612.1.1 Internal Combustion Engine Components? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?901.3 Engineering Research? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.048
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
19. Numerical Simulation and Experiment on Raw Material in Feed Conditioner Based on Coupled CFD-DEM
Accession number: 20190706495368
Authors: Peng, Fei (1); Fang, Fang (2); Wang, Hongying (3); Huang, Zhigang (1); Fu, Zongqiang (1); Gao, Dongming (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) College of Chemistry and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou; 450001, China; (3) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Fang, Fang(fangf@zzu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 355-363
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Feed conditioner is a key component in the pellet mill, and conditioning is a very process during the pelleting and extrusion. To explore the movement rule and bonding state of materials in feed conditioner, the working process of small axial conditioner was simulated and optimized based on the CFD-DEM gas-solid coupling mathematical model. The method of establishing the coupling model was as follows: the structure model of the conditioner was built by the 3D software Pro/E, and the grid of the model was meshed by the software Gambit. The RNG k-Ε turbulence model in the software Fluent was used as the fluid model. Afterwards, the discrete element model of wet stick feed materials was established by the software EDEM, and then the boundary parameters and coupling parameters of coupling models were set to be the basis of simulation. The blade installation angle, speed of conditioner and filling rate were selected as the influencing factors, and the output result was selected as evaluating indicator, thus the performance optimization experiments were carried out under the quadratic orthogonal rotation design. Based on the software regression analysis of Design-Expert 8.0.6 and response surface analysis method, the relationship between the three influencing factors and evaluating indicator was established. The results of the study showed that speed regulator and filling rate had an extremely significant effect on the evaluating indicator (P ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Computational fluid dynamics
Controlled terms: Computer simulation? - ?Computer software? - ?Feeding? - ?Filling? - ?Finite difference method? - ?Numerical methods? - ?Numerical models? - ?Pelletizing? - ?Regression analysis? - ?Surface analysis ? - ?Surface properties? - ?Turbulence models
Uncontrolled terms: Conditioner? - ?Discrete element modeling? - ?Parameters optimization? - ?Performance optimizations? - ?Processing technologies? - ?Quadratic orthogonal rotation? - ?Response surface analysis methods? - ?Response surface method
Classification code: 691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Flow_Rate 1.31e-02kg/s, Percentage 5.84e+01%, Rotational_Speed 1.82e+02RPM
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.042
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
20. Spruce Image Segmentation Algorithm Based on Fully Convolutional Networks
Accession number: 20190706495350
Authors: Chen, Fengjun (1, 2); Wang, Chenghan (1, 2); Gu, Mengmeng (3); Zhao, Yandong (1, 4)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing Municipal Education Commission, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) Department of Horticultural Science, Texas A&M University, College Station; TX; 77843, United States; (4) Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Forestry Equipment and Automation, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Yandong(yandongzh@bjfu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 188-194 and 210
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Existing nursery inventory methods require people hand-counting, which is very labor consuming and not efficient. Using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to facilitate counting the number of nursery-grown plants automatically with high accuracy provides an alternative to inventory management. The segmentation of individual plants in UAV images is the crucial step to achieve the plants counting task, which is challenging because of variations in illumination changes under natural conditions, the size difference between individual plants, the complicated background of the ground weeds and overlapping of adjacent plants. A spruce image segmentation algorithm based on fully convolutional networks (FCN) was proposed. Images were collected by using DIJ PHANTOM 4 in Inner Mongolia, in which 470 labeled spruce images with 300 images as training set, 170 images as test set, and 90 Pinus sylvestris images labeled as additional test set for comparing test results. To design FCN for accurate spruces segmentation, VGG16 was chosen as a basic network with the shared weights and the decreasing learning rate to improve the accuracy under Tensorflow framework. The results on the test set showed that FCN algorithm achieved effective spruces segmentation in spite of illumination changes, the size difference between individuals, the complicated background and the overlapping problem, with pixel accuracy (PA) of 0.86, mean pixel accuracy (MPA) of 0.86, mean intersection over union (MIoU) of 0.75 and frequency weighted intersection over union (FWIoU) of 0.76 at an average speed of 85 millisecond per image. Compared with K-means clustering segmentation algorithm and HSV threshold segmentation algorithm, the MIoU value of FCN algorithm was 0.10 and 0.38 higher, respectively. All of the test results showed that the proposed FCN algorithm provided an effective pipeline for plants segmentation. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Image segmentation
Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Convolution? - ?Inventory control? - ?K-means clustering? - ?Pixels? - ?Testing? - ?Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
Uncontrolled terms: Convolutional networks? - ?Frequency weighted? - ?Illumination changes? - ?Image segmentation algorithm? - ?Inventory management? - ?Natural conditions? - ?Spruce? - ?Threshold segmentation
Classification code: 652.1 Aircraft, General? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?911.3 Inventory Control
Numerical data indexing: Time 8.50e-02s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.024
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
21. Spectral Characteristics and Salinization Information Prediction of Different Soil Salt Crusts
Accession number: 20190706495364
Authors: Zhang, Junhua (1, 2); Sun, Yuan (1, 3); Jia, Keli (3); Gao, Xiwen (3); Zhang, Xueyi (4)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Environmental Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan; 750021, China; (2) Ningxia Key Laboratory of Resource Assessment and Environment Regulation in Arid Region, Yinchuan; 750021, China; (3) College of Resource and Environment Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan; 750021, China; (4) Ningxia Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Yinchuan; 750002, China
Corresponding author: Jia, Keli(jiakeli@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 325-333 and 370
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Saline-alkali land is an important reserve land resource in China. Real-time and accurate acquisition of soil information is important for the classification and evaluation of soil salinization to prevent its degradation and realize agriculture sustainable development. Selecting different soil salt crusts in northern Ningxia Yinchuan as the study objects, based on soil science and geostatistics methods, and taking the spectra data of different soil salt crusts and measured soil salinization parameters in 0~5cm layer of laboratory as the source of information, the characteristics of spectra reflectance of different salt crusts were analyzed, the sensitive spectral wavelengths or index to pH value, EC and salt ions in crust layer were selected, and then the soil salinization monitoring models were established and confirmed. Results showed that the spectral reflectance of white alkali crust was the highest among different soil saline crusts; the reflectance of equine caustic crust was next, and the reflectance of black alkali crust was the lowest. The main salt crust types in the study region could be classified by the spectral reflectance of the field. The highest correlation coefficients between the transformations of smoothing reflectance through the first order differential, the first derivate differential of logarithmic reciprocal of reflectance, continuum removal, the first derivative of continuum removal and salinity parameters were significantly improved than the transformation of smoothing reflectance gradually. The best transformation method of reflectance about soil pH value, EC, CO32- and Mg2+ were the first derivative of continuum removal; the best transformation method of reflectance about soil SO42-, Ca2+, K+ were first derivate differential of logarithmic reciprocal of reflectance; the best transformation method of reflectance about soil HCO3-, Cl- and Na+ were the first order differential. There was the strongest correlation between the first derivative of continuum removal and salinity parameters. On the whole from different salinity parameters, the sensitive wavelength was 450 nm, 470 nm and 485 nm in blue region; 501 nm and 575 nm in green region; 680 nm in red region; there were many sensitive wavelengths in infrared region. The highest correlation coefficients between pH value, EC, CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+ and nine salinity indexes was S1 (Salinity index), S3 (Salinity index), SCI (Soil curst index), S3, SI3 (Salinity index 3), S2 (Salinity index), SCI, S2 (Salinity index), SI3 and S3, respectively. Except for CO32-, the models were suitable for predicting the content of soil pH value, EC, and other salinity parameters, and there was the highest R2 about Na+ in this region. The study would provide some beneficial references for regional soil salinity classification and prediction. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 34
Main heading: Soils
Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Classification (of information)? - ?Forecasting? - ?pH? - ?Reflection
Uncontrolled terms: Classification and evaluations? - ?Correlation coefficient? - ?First-order differentials? - ?Sensitive wavelengths? - ?Soil salts? - ?Spectral characteristics? - ?Spectral reflectances? - ?Transformation methods
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?801.1 Chemistry, General? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control
Numerical data indexing: Size 0.00e+00m to 5.00e-02m, Size 4.50e-07m, Size 4.70e-07m, Size 4.85e-07m, Size 5.01e-07m, Size 5.75e-07m, Size 6.80e-07m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.038
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
22. Dynamics Analysis and Tests on Seedling Pick-up Mechanism of Planetary Gear Train of Combined Gear Transmission with Non-circular Gears
Accession number: 20190706495335
Authors: Ye, Bingliang (1, 2); Tang, Tao (1, 2); Yu, Gaohong (1, 2); Tong, Junhua (1, 2); Yi, Weiming (1, 2); Zheng, Yang (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Machinery and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (2) Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Transplanting Equipment and Technology, Hangzhou; 310018, China
Corresponding author: Yu, Gaohong(yugh@zstu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 74-82
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Dynamics characteristics and relative tests on a type of rotary seedling pick-up mechanism of planetary gear train with combined gear transmission of incomplete eccentric circle gear and non-circular gears were studied. Based on the force analysis of each moving component in the seedling pick-up mechanism with the dynamic static analysis method and dynamics equations sequence-solution method, the dynamics mathematical model of the mechanism was built, and the dynamics analysis software was developed to solve the model to obtain the force variation law of different positions, including the chain, rotary centers and mesh points of gears and bearing of the mechanism. The virtual prototype of the mechanism was set up and its physical prototype was manufactured to conduct dynamics simulation analysis and bench tests on the mechanism, respectively. The relationship between the bearing reaction force and the rotation angle of the planetary carrier was obtained when the mechanism was rotated at 60 r/min. The variation law of bearing reaction force under theoretical analysis, dynamics simulation and bench test of the seedling pick-up mechanism were basically consistent, which verified reliability of the dynamics model and correctness of dynamics analysis of the seedling pick-up mechanism. By contrast to the original seedling pick-up mechanism, it can be obtained that the maximum amplitude and variance of bearing reaction force in the y direction of the seedling pick-up mechanism were reduced from 155 N and 1 171 N2 to 77 N and 553 N2, which were decreased by 50.3% and 52.7%, respectively, indicating that the mechanism had better dynamics performance than the original mechanism. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Dynamics
Controlled terms: Epicyclic gears? - ?Pickups? - ?Power transmission? - ?Reliability analysis? - ?Static analysis
Uncontrolled terms: Dynamics analysis? - ?Dynamics characteristic? - ?Dynamics performance? - ?Dynamics simulation? - ?Gear transmissions? - ?Non-circular gears? - ?Planetary gear train? - ?Static analysis method
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?602.2 Mechanical Transmissions? - ?723.5 Computer Applications
Numerical data indexing: Force 1.55e+02N, Force 7.70e+01N, Percentage 5.03e+01%, Percentage 5.27e+01%, Rotational_Speed 6.00e+01RPM
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.009
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
23. Design of Handheld Precision Standing Tree Height Measurement Device
Accession number: 20190706495342
Authors: Liu, Haiyang (1); Feng, Zhongke (1); Hu, Nuo (1); Liu, Jincheng (1); Yu, Xinwen (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Institute of Information Resources, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing; 100091, China
Corresponding author: Feng, Zhongke(fengzhongke@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 129-134
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The object was to solve the problems of large tree height measurement errors in forest resources surveys, difficulties in measuring tree heights in complex forest stands, and measurement of the height of tilted stands, etc., and surveying, forest measurement, electronic information technology, sensor technology and image processing technology were focused on. Based on this, a handheld precision standing tree height measurement device was developed. The device consisted of a central processing unit, a laser range finder, a high-definition camera, a high-precision gyro sensor, a liquid crystal display, a memory and the like, and a laser-ranging sensor was used to obtain a distance between the measuring device and the root of tree, and the device was acquired at the same time. The elevation angle information was used to determine the position of the treetop after the image center was used to obtain the second elevation angle information, and the measurement tree height was solved by the distance information and the angle information. The equipment was used to measure the trunk inclination angle of the tree trunk. For the dry-bending trees, edge detection algorithm was used to identify the edges of the image trunk contour. Contour extraction method was used to extract edge points of the trunk contour, and coordinate information of the discrete points on the edge of the trunk was obtained to perform linear fitting. The slope of the straight line was converted to the angle of the trunk, and the angle compensation algorithm was used to complete the measurement of growth of trees with long slopes and standing trees. The test results showed that the tree height measurement accuracy can reach 98.04%, and the inclined standing wood measurement accuracy was 96.89%, which can meet the accuracy requirements of the national forest resource survey. The measuring method of tree height measurement device and the measuring method of high growth and volume of the inclined standing timber can provide new ideas for the research of forestry equipment. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Forestry
Controlled terms: Edge detection? - ?Image processing? - ?Liquid crystal displays? - ?Natural resources? - ?Program processors? - ?Range finders? - ?Surveys? - ?Timber
Uncontrolled terms: Edge detection algorithms? - ?Electronic information? - ?Handhelds? - ?Image processing technology? - ?Measuring equipments? - ?Precision measurement? - ?Tree height? - ?Tree height measurements
Classification code: 943.1 Mechanical Instruments
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.69e+01%, Percentage 9.80e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.016
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
24. Optimal Decision Method for Interconnected River System Network Schemes Based on Variable Sets and Cloud Model
Accession number: 20190706495353
Authors: Ye, Yuntao (1); Liang, Lili (1); Cao, Yin (1); Jiang, Yunzhong (1); Zhao, Hongli (1); Wang, Jianhua (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing; 100038, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 211-225 and 313
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Decision on optimal selection of interconnected river system network schemes is an analysis process which combines deterministic evaluation index and evaluation criteria with uncertain evaluation factors and their weight changes. The evaluation indexes involved include resource criteria, economic criteria, social criteria, environmental criteria, engineering criteria and so on. Intermediary transition of these evaluation indexes leads to uncertainty in the results of different multi-attribute decision-making methods. How to evaluate the stability of these decision-making methods is worth studying. According to the theorem of the unity of opposites of variable sets, the principle and method of variable sets for optimal selection of interconnected river system network schemes were proposed, and the sensitivity analysis method of variable sets decision results based on cloud model was proposed. Taking Xin’anjiang (S1), Fuchunjiang (S2) and Taihu-Fuchunjiang (S3) water diversion projects in northern Zhejiang Province as examples, the ranking of the three schemes was evaluated and analyzed in terms of comprehensive evaluation and different criteria evaluation, and the robustness of the evaluation results of variable model under change of single index and multiple index weights was analyzed. The main conclusions were as follows: using the rand feature values and relative difference degrees to analyze the results of multi-criteria comprehensive evaluation, it was indicated that S3 was superior to S1 and S2; variable model (α=1, p=1) and (α=2, p=1) comprehensive evaluation of the scheme ranking stability was better from the index sensitivity analysis. It can be seen from the weight sensitivity analysis that the ranking of the comprehensive evaluation schemes, especially S2 and S3, of the four kinds of variable models with different parameter combinations was easily affected by the change of index weight. According to the analysis of index sensitivity and index weight sensitivity combined with the comprehensive evaluation and the evaluation of different criteria, the evaluation results were affected by the index system to some extent, which indicated that it was needed to make specific analysis on the research objects to choose the appropriate evaluation method. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Sensitivity analysis
Controlled terms: Cloud computing? - ?Decision making? - ?Flood control? - ?Rivers? - ?Stability criteria
Uncontrolled terms: Cloud modeling? - ?Decision method? - ?Optimal selection? - ?River systems? - ?Variable set
Classification code: 442.1 Flood Control? - ?722.4 Digital Computers and Systems? - ?912.2 Management? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?961 Systems Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.027
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
25. Effect of Limited Irrigation and Nitrogen Rate on Radiation Utilization Efficiency and Yield of Maize in Salinization Farmland
Accession number: 20190706495360
Authors: Xu, Zhao (1); Shi, Haibin (1); Li, Xianyue (1); Tian, Tong (1); Fu, Xiaojun (2); Li, Zhengzhong (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot; 010018, China; (2) Shahaoqu Irrigation Experimental Station, Jiefangzha Management Bureau of Hetao Irrigation District, Bayannur; 015400, China
Corresponding author: Shi, Haibin(shi_haibin@sohu.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 281-291
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Radiation use efficiency (RUE) is critical for improving crop yield. The object was to explore the influence of limited irrigation and nitrogen rates on the canopy light interception rate, RUE and yield of maize under border irrigation in salinization irrigation district and realize the efficient utilization of water and nitrogen. A field experiment was conducted in Hetao Irrigation District (HID). The experiment referred to the local conventional irrigation and nitrogen amounts in HID, which had three irrigation amounts (W1, 150 mm; W2, 225 mm; and W3, 300 mm, which was the local conventional irrigation amount) and three nitrogen amounts (N1, 172.5 kg/hm2; N2, 258.8 kg/hm2; and N3, 345 kg/hm2, which was the local conventional nitrogen application amount), meanwhile, interactive experiments were carried out. The leaf area index (LAI), leaf inclination angle (MFIA), photosynthetic active radiation and biomass of maize were measured at the tasseling-filling stage, and soil water and salt contents and the final yield were also measured at the same time. To investigate the mechanism of maize yields in salinization farmland, the correlation analysis and path analysis methods were used. Main conclusions were as follows: the light interception rate (F) of maize was significantly affected by irrigation at the tasseling-filling stage in salinization farmland. At the same nitrogen application rate, the F of W3 and W2 levels were higher than that of W1 level, but the difference of F between W2 and W3 was not significant; the RUE of maize was significantly (PUE was increased with the increase of irrigation and nitrogen rates, but the promotion of RUE had inhibition growth effect when excessive irrigation or nitrogen application was conducted. The RUE of maize was significantly improved with the moderate reduction of irrigation and nitrogen application rate; maize yields were significantly (P0. 05), respectively; correlation analysis showed that the yield was positively correlated with LAI, leaf area duration (LAD) and the light interception rate (F) during filling stage. Path analysis showed that LAI had the greatest effect on yield mainly through LAD and F. The RUE had the greatest direct contribution to yield and biomass accumulation, LAI, LAD and F contributed indirectly to yield through RUE; compared with the rest of treatments, the conditions of soil water and salt were obviously improved by W2N2 treatment at the late growth stage of maize in salinization farmland, which was beneficial to promote the development of canopy and increase photosynthetic productivity. The W2N2 treatment with small MFIA and large LAI was beneficial to enhance the light interception rate and area of photosynthesis during the late growth stage. Especially, at late grain filling stage, the LAI and LAD of W2N2 treatment were 7.15%~42.24% and 5.95%~37.60% higher than the rest of treatments, respectively, the decreasing rate of LAI was 37.35% and 53.49% lower than those of W3N3 and W3N2 treatments, respectively, which can construct proper canopy structure, keep high photosynthetic performance and increase biomass accumulation. Thus, W2N2 treatment was beneficial to the improvement of RUE. The RUE of W2N2 treatment was 18.61%~66.93% higher than those of the rest of treatments. Finally, W2N2 treatment achieved the highest yield. In conclusion, the W2N2 treatment had the advantages of saving water and nitrogen, high yield and RUE, as a water and nitrogen management mode, it was very suitable for maize planting in salinization farmland in HID. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 40
Main heading: Irrigation
Controlled terms: Biomass? - ?Correlation methods? - ?Ecology? - ?Efficiency? - ?Farms? - ?Filling? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Regression analysis ? - ?Soil moisture
Uncontrolled terms: Border irrigation? - ?Corn? - ?Nitrogen rate? - ?Salinization farmland? - ?Utilization efficiency
Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.74e+01%, Percentage 3.91e+00%, Percentage 4.01e+00%, Percentage 5.35e+01%, Size 3.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.034
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
26. Experiment on Droplet Distribution Characteristics in Spray Field of Impinging Nozzle
Accession number: 20190706495340
Authors: Dong, Fulong (1, 2); Zhou, Hongping (1); Ru, Yu (1); Shi, Minghong (1); Chen, Qing (1); Yi, Kechuan (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing; 210037, China; (2) College of Mechanical Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang; 233100, China
Corresponding author: Zhou, Hongping(hpzhou@njfu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 116-121 and 128
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The droplet sizes are different at different positions in the spray field of flat-fan nozzle which are widely used in agriculture. It shows like the U-shaped distribution, that is, the droplet diameters of the middle droplet are smaller and the droplet diameters of both sides are larger, which results in the differences of the droplet depositional behavior on the targets at different points of the same height in the horizontal direction, leading to different control effects. The droplet sizes of the impinging nozzle were obtained according to the test system for atomizing performance of nozzles. Experiments were conducted on droplet distribution characteristics in spray field of the impinging nozzle with the exit diameter of 1 mm and the groove angle of 30°. The nozzle was a new nozzle based on the coupling of jet and impinging jets. It was found that the droplet diameters of the middle droplet were uniform and the droplet diameters of both sides were smaller. For instance, when the spraying pressure was 0.4 MPa, the droplet diameters of the middle droplet were 265~268 μm and the droplet diameters of both sides were 250~252 μm on the test surface at height of 300 mm. The new nozzle was beneficial to solve the insufficiency of uneven droplet size distribution of boom sprayers in field operation. The characteristics of the new nozzle were analyzed theoretically and the three times of atomization (disturbance, impact and oscillating) in the cracking-zone was considered as the fundamental cause of these characteristics. Meanwhile, the droplet distribution uniformity of spray field was quantified by the radial nonuniformity index (RNI). It proved that the radial nonuniformity index can reflect the overall non-uniformity of spray field. The value of radial nonuniformity index was varied in a small range (0.47~0.51) when the pressure was in the range of 0.6~0.7 MPa, showing that the spray field of the impinging nozzle had good droplet uniform distribution. The impinging nozzle provided a beneficial technological support for the development of intelligent precision spraying machine for plant protection. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Spray nozzles
Controlled terms: Drops
Uncontrolled terms: Distribution characteristics? - ?Droplet size distributions? - ?Droplet sizes? - ?Impinging jet? - ?Radial nonuniformity? - ?Spray field? - ?Technological supports? - ?U-shaped distributions
Classification code: 631.1 Fluid Flow, General
Numerical data indexing: Pressure 4.00e+05Pa, Pressure 6.00e+05Pa to 7.00e+05Pa, Size 1.00e-03m, Size 2.50e-04m to 2.52e-04m, Size 2.65e-04m to 2.68e-04m, Size 3.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.014
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
27. Design and Experiment on Biomass Pyrolysis Tar Combustion System
Accession number: 20190706495365
Authors: Jia, Jixiu (1); Zhao, Lixin (1); Meng, Haibo (1); Cong, Hongbin (1); Yao, Zonglu (1); Ma, Teng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agriculture Residue, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing; 100125, China
Corresponding author: Yao, Zonglu(yaozonglu@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 334-339
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Biomass tar is produced as a by-product in the pyrolysis process of biomass, which is difficult to remove and harm to human health. The physical and chemical properties of pyrolysis tar were analyzed and it was fond that it had a high calorific value. After combustion, it can provide heat source for pyrolysis equipment and realize energy recycling. Aiming at the problems of poor atomization effect and unstable direct combustion of pyrolysis oil, a secondary atomizing nozzle was designed. And a mixed combustion process of biomass pyrolysis tar and pyrolysis gas was proposed. And a certain amount of pyrolysis gas was used as a combustion supporting agent to provide a stable flame for the combustion of the pyrolysis tar. And a test system for pyrolysis oil combustion was developed. The burning test of tar showed that the burning quantity of tar in the burner was 20~55 kg/h, which met the design requirement. And when the atomizing air pressure was 0.6 MPa, the pyrolysis oil pressure was 0.2~0.4 MPa, the gas pressure was 0.3~0.5 kPa, the burner was burned stably and the flame was bright. Through the analysis and test of the flue gas analyzer, it was fond that the content of CO and NOx in the combustion flue gas was high, which showed that the primary combustion in the combustor did not achieve the ideal combustion effect. Therefore, it was suggested that the next step was to improve the combustion chamber and reduce CO and NOx emissions by secondary air distribution combustion of the burned flue gas. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Pyrolysis
Controlled terms: Biomass? - ?Chemical analysis? - ?Combustion chambers? - ?Flue gases? - ?Flues? - ?Gas emissions? - ?Nitrogen oxides? - ?Tar
Uncontrolled terms: Biomass tar? - ?Combustion flue gas? - ?Combustion systems? - ?High-calorific-value? - ?Mixed combustions? - ?Physical and chemical properties? - ?Primary combustions? - ?Secondary air distribution
Classification code: 451.1 Air Pollution Sources? - ?654.2 Rocket Engines? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Flow_Rate 5.56e-03kg/s to 1.53e-02kg/s, Pressure 2.00e+05Pa to 4.00e+05Pa, Pressure 3.00e+02Pa to 5.00e+02Pa, Pressure 6.00e+05Pa
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.039
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
28. Design and Test of Cutting Frequency Follow-up Adjusting Device for Vertical Cutting Knife of Rapeseed Cutting Machine
Accession number: 20190706495337
Authors: Chai, Xiaoyu (1); Xu, Lizhang (1); Yan, Chao (1); Liang, Zhenwei (1); Ma, Zheng (1); Li, Yaoming (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Corresponding author: Xu, Lizhang(justxlz@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 93-99
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The cutting frequency of the vertical cutter in the traditional rape combined harvester at different speeds keeps constant. It will cause the large re-cutting or leakage zone and lead to the increase of cutting header loss. At the same time, the work performance will be unstable. A double vertical cutter follow-up control device driven by two stepper motors was designed. And the influence of different advancing speeds on the cutting area and the cut off area of vertical cutting was analyzed. Considering the influence of rapeseed maturity and other factors, the best theoretical matching relationship between advancing speed and cutting frequency for vertical cutter was obtained. Then, the servo control system was designed for cutting frequency of vertical cutter based on S7-1200PLC. By detecting the forward speed signal of the machine and controlling the stepper motor according to the best theoretical matching relation, the follow-up control for vertical cutter frequency was realized. The comparison test of the harvested rapeseed after one week of applying the dehydrating agent showed that the total loss rate of the rapeseed header using the vertical cutter frequency follow-up control system was decreased by 36.15%~41.16%, and the loss rate of the vertical cutting knife was decreased by 40.84%~48.20%. When the characteristics of rapeseed and the harvesting conditions of the machine were changed, the magnitude of total loss rate of header and the loss rate of vertical cutter may be changed, but the downward trend was consistent, and more working conditions were needed for comparative analysis. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Cutting
Controlled terms: Control systems? - ?Dehydration? - ?Harvesters? - ?Oilseeds? - ?Stepping motors
Uncontrolled terms: Combine harvesters? - ?Comparative analysis? - ?Cutting frequency? - ?Dehydrating agents? - ?Follow up? - ?Follow-up control? - ?Servo control systems? - ?Vertical cutter
Classification code: 705.3 Electric Motors? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.011
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
29. Effects of Plastic Mulch on Water and Heat Flux Transfer in Rainfed Maize Fields
Accession number: 20190706495362
Authors: Feng, Yu (1, 2); Hao, Weiping (1, 2); Gao, Lili (1, 2); Li, Haoru (1, 2); Gong, Daozhi (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing; 100081, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100081, China
Corresponding author: Gong, Daozhi(gongdaozhi@caas.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 300-313
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to understand eco-hydrological processes and boost water use efficiency in rainfed agroecosystem, a field experiment was conducted in non-mulched (CK) and mulched (PM) maize fields of eastern Loess Plateau to continuously monitor water and energy flux in the maize fields under CK and PM. Based on the monitoring results, diurnal and seasonal variations of water and energy flux as well as energy partitioning were investigated. The results indicated that energy fluxes presented typical diurnal and seasonal variations during the entire growing seasons. Net radiation (Rn) was dominated by latent heat flux (λET) during maize growing seasons while sensible heat flux (H) was the predominant component of Rn during non-growing seasons. Compared with the energy flux before rainfall, λET was increased significantly while H and soil heat flux (G) was decreased after rainfall in development stage, however, in late stage, the changes in soil water content resulted by rainfall did not increase λET significantly for the both treatments, which indicated seasonal distribution of rainfall had significant influence on energy budget of maize fields. Rn was the primary factor affecting λET, followed by average air temperature and vapor pressure deficit, wind speed and relative humidity had relatively minor influence on λET. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 47
Main heading: Heat flux
Controlled terms: Budget control? - ?Landforms? - ?Rain? - ?Sediments? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Wind
Uncontrolled terms: Eddy covariance systems? - ?Loess Plateau? - ?Maize? - ?Plastic mulch? - ?Rainfed? - ?Water and energy fluxes
Classification code: 443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?443.3 Precipitation? - ?481.1 Geology? - ?483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?641.2 Heat Transfer
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.036
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
30. Fate of Maize Topdressing Nitrogen under Different Irrigation Schemes Based on 15N Tracer Technology
Accession number: 20190706495358
Authors: Zhang, Zhongxue (1, 2); Chen, Shuaihong (1, 2); Chen, Peng (1, 2); Liu, Ming (1, 2); Shang, Wenbin (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 262-272
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to reveal the absorption and utilization of topdressing to maize under different irrigation schemes, 15N tracer technology was used based on field test data, the ratio of absorption and utilization to topdressing was analyzed and the distribution of fertilizer nitrogen in the upper parts of maize under different irrigation schemes, and the residue in the soil and final loss rate of nitrogen after harvest were studied. The results showed that 8.14%~13.21% of total nitrogen accumulation in maize aboveground parts came from topdressing under different irrigation schemes, there was a significant difference between the treatments (P3/hm2 of irrigation quota and four times of irrigation (seedling, jointing, tasselling and filling), the results can provide theoretical support and data reference for maize production in Northeast China. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 40
Main heading: Nitrogen fertilizers
Controlled terms: Irrigation? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Soil surveys? - ?Trace analysis? - ?Water absorption? - ?Water conservation
Uncontrolled terms: Isotope tracers? - ?Maize? - ?Nitrogen loss? - ?Nitrogen residue? - ?Nitrogen utilization
Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.032
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
31. Design and Experiment on Collecting Device for Profile Modeling Residual Plastic Film Collector
Accession number: 20190706495339
Authors: Yang, Songmei (1); Yan, Limin (2); Mo, Yisong (3); Chen, Xuegeng (2); Zhang, Huiming (2); Jiang, Deli (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China; (2) College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi; 832003, China; (3) Changzhou Han-Sun Machinery Co., Ltd., Changzhou; 213034, China
Corresponding author: Chen, Xuegeng(chenxg130@sina.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 109-115 and 164
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Plastic-film mulching has improved crop production of cotton greatly in Northwest China. With the use of plastic film year by year, the problem of pollution has become increasingly apparent. Film mulching has many advantages, such as water storage and weed control, but overmuch residual plastic film fragments influenced the physical property of agricultural soil. Aiming at the pollution problem, the new national standard of plastic film was published. On the basis of the new national standard of weathering film, a collecting and removing device for the residual plastic film recovery machine was designed as the integrity of weathering film. By testing the mechanical properties of the weatherproof film and force of the residual film when collecting, the results showed that the film would not be broken during the collecting process. The key working parts were designed and analyzed, while the length and the arrangement of the nail and the film collecting parts were determined by plotting trajectory of end of collecting nail in soil based on the software of Matlab. Through the single factor experiment on the relationship between distance of chains and residual film collecting rate and straw removing rate, the optimal value of the chains spacing was obtained. The stress analysis of ground roller, collecting and removing device was carried out during the movement process, and the performance of the machine was tested. The field experiment results showed that the recovery rate of residual film was 89.54% when the forward speed of the residual film recovery machine was between 4.0 km/h and 4.4 km/h, indicating that the collecting device can meet the requirements of residual plastic film collection. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Plastic films
Controlled terms: Cultivation? - ?MATLAB? - ?Nails? - ?Pollution? - ?Recovery? - ?Stress analysis? - ?Weathering? - ?Weed control
Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural soils? - ?Master slave? - ?National standard? - ?Plastic film mulching? - ?Pollution problems? - ?Residual films? - ?Single-factor experiments? - ?Weather resistance
Classification code: 605 Small Tools and Hardware? - ?817.1 Polymer Products? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.95e+01%, Velocity 1.11e+00m/s to 1.22e+00m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.013
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
32. Design and Experiment of Multifunctional Dynamic Chassis for Orchard
Accession number: 20190706495334
Authors: Hao, Zhaohui (1); Yang, Xuejun (2); Liu, Lijing (2); Yin, Suzhen (1); Liu, Shuping (1); Zhao, Jinhui (3)
Author affiliation: (1) Modern Agricultural Equipment Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) State Key Laboratory of Soil Plant Machinery System Technology, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Yang, Xuejun(camms@263.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 66-73 and 92
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to solve the problems such as poor adaptability, small supporting power, high ground clearance, large turning radius, poor pass-ability, etc. of the orchard operating machinery, combined with the orchard cultivation mode and agronomic requirements, a multifunctional dynamic chassis for orchard was designed. The structure and working principle of the multifunctional dynamic chassis for orchard were expounded, and the traveling power system and rear power output system and the three double-acting hydraulic quick-connecting output ports were designed. The theoretical of the steering performance, stability performance and crossing performance of the whole machine were analyzed theoretically. The finite element analysis of the frame was carried out to show that the maximum total deformation of the frame was 5.08 mm in the middle beam part, the maximum equivalent elastic strain of the frame was 0.003 5 and the maximum equivalent stress of the frame was 390.52 MPa at the hinge joint between the axle and the frame under the condition of full load four-wheel landing. The maximum total deformation was 20.74 mm at the side beam of the frame, the maximum equivalent elastic strain of the frame was 0.005 8 and the maximum equivalent stress of the frame was 805. 46 MPa at the hinge joint between the axle and the frame under the condition of full load three-wheel landing. Field experiments were carried out in the orchard. The experiment results showed that the speed of multifunctional chassis for orchard was 0~35 km/h, field working speed was 1~6 km/h, minimum turning radius was 2 m, maximum climbing angle was 24°and maximum crossing height was 235 mm. Multifunctional chassis was able to connect a variety of agricultural tools as a multi-purpose machine, which can meet the requirements of field production management operations in the orchard and improve the mechanized production management level of the orchard. The research result provided theoretical and experimental basis for the research of general-purpose dynamic chassis for orchard, and provided a basis for the improvement and lightweight design of the subsequent chassis. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Orchards
Controlled terms: Agricultural implements? - ?Axles? - ?Chassis? - ?Cultivation? - ?Deformation? - ?Design? - ?Experiments? - ?Hydraulic machinery? - ?Industrial management? - ?Wheels
Uncontrolled terms: Lightweight design? - ?Multi-purpose machines? - ?Multifunctional? - ?Operating machineries? - ?Production management? - ?Production management levels? - ?Stability performance? - ?Steering performance
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?662.4 Automobile and Smaller Vehicle Components? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?901.3 Engineering Research? - ?912.2 Management
Numerical data indexing: Pressure 3.91e+08Pa, Pressure 4.60e+07Pa, Size 2.00e+00m, Size 2.07e-02m, Size 2.35e-01m, Size 5.08e-03m, Velocity 0.00e+00m/s to 9.72e+00m/s, Velocity 2.78e-01m/s to 1.67e+00m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.008
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
33. Detection Model of In-trap Red Turpentine Beetle Based on Deep Learning
Accession number: 20190706495349
Authors: Sun, Yu (1); Zhang, Dongyue (1); Yuan, Mingshuai (1); Ren, Lili (2); Liu, Wenping (1); Wang, Jianxin (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Liu, Wenping(wendlyl@vip.163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 180-187
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The red turpentine beetle (RTB) is a major forestry invasive insect that damages the coniferous species of pine trees in northern China. Therefore, the monitoring of RTB plays an important role in forestry pest controlling. However, traditional trap-based monitoring depends on human experts to manually recognize and count pests, which prohibits the modern RTB monitoring. To automatically recognize and count RTB captured by pheromone traps, a RGB camera was integrated in traditional cup trap to capture in-trap images and build the bark beetles dataset. The default boxes of Faster R-CNN object detection model based on deep learning were optimized by the K-means clustering algorithm. The optimized Faster R-CNN models were trained end to end by the GPU server, which enabled the in-trap detection of RTB with unconstrained postures. The models were evaluated by two metrics: the object oriented quantitative metric and the trap oriented qualitative metric. The experiments demonstrated that the optimized models outperformed the original Faster R-CNN model in terms of both metrics. The area under the curve (AUC) of precision-recall plot for object and trap on difficult test sets were increased by 4.33% and 3.28%, respectively. The AUC for object and trap on all test sets reached 0.935 0 and 0.972 2, respectively. The detection speed of the model was 1.6 s per image. The optimized models outperformed the SSD, Faster R-CNN object detection models in terms of accuracy, which was robust to pose variance, bark interference, alcohol volatilization, etc. The proposed method distinguished and counted RTBs from the six species of scolytidae insects attracted by the pheromone lure, which could reduce the human cost of pest monitoring and forecasting. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 37
Main heading: Deep learning
Controlled terms: Forestry? - ?K-means clustering? - ?Object detection? - ?Object recognition? - ?Timber? - ?Turpentine
Uncontrolled terms: Area under the curves? - ?Coniferous species? - ?Detection models? - ?Faster R-CNN? - ?K-means? - ?Pheromone traps? - ?Quantitative metric? - ?Red turpentine beetle
Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.28e+00%, Percentage 4.33e+00%, Time 1.60e+00s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.023
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
34. Short-term Effects of Mechanical and Ecological Tillage Pattern on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Soil in Arid Area
Accession number: 20190706495332
Authors: Zhang, Yinping (1); Wang, Zhenwei (2); Diao, Peisong (1); Du, Ruicheng (1); Li, Hongwen (3); Yao, Wenyan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China; (2) Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing; 210014, China; (3) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Diao, Peisong(dps2003@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 45-55
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: A mechanical and ecological tillage pattern (MET) which combined ploughing, rotary tillage of seeding strip, no-tillage and subsoiling in four years for a cycle was designed. To study the short-term effects of the pattern on physical and chemical characteristics of soil and groups yields in arid area, the positing experiment of four years in wheat-corn two cropping area was carried on and with continuous no-tillage (CNT) and conventional tillage (CCT) for comparison. The experiment results showed that the MET improved the quality of soil structure and soil fertility significantly, prevented soil harden, and the ecological and fertile soil effects were remarkable. It increased the aggregate content in 0 ~ 30 cm soil layer significantly and improved soil structure stability, and the average aggregate content of water stability was 8.2% and 30.4% higher than those of the CNT and CCT, respectively. It reduced the bulk density of soil in 0 ~ 30 cm soil layer effectively, its average bulk density was 0.089 g/cm3 and 0.125 g/cm3 smaller than those of the CNT and CCT. It increased the content of total nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and rapid available potassium in 0 ~ 30 cm soil layer as well, but there were no significant impacts on the content of available nitrogen. It added the content of organic carbon, the organic carbon content in MET was 0.36 g/kg and 0.61 g/kg higher than those in CNT and CCT, respectively, and the organic carbon concentration distribution was balanced between the layers of 0~10 cm, 10~20 cm and 20~30 cm. However, the CNT only added the organic carbon content in 0~10 cm soil layer and the CCT only increased the organic carbon content in 10~20 cm soil layer. The MET increased wheat yields significantly by increasing the average wheat tillering, effective spike and grain number per spike, the wheat yields of MET was 14% and 14.9% higher than those of CNT and CCT, respectively. The tillage methods before wheat sowing had after effects to a certain extent on corn, the MET and the CNT improved the corn yields by increasing the effective ear of corn and grain number per spike, the corn yields of the MET and CNT were 7.4% and 3.7% higher than that of CCT, respectively, but there was no significant difference between them. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Soils
Controlled terms: Aggregates? - ?Arid regions? - ?Cultivation? - ?Ecology? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Machinery? - ?Mechanization? - ?Nitrogen? - ?Organic carbon
Uncontrolled terms: Available phosphorus? - ?Available potassiums? - ?Carbon concentrations? - ?Crop yield? - ?Fertile soils? - ?Organic carbon contents? - ?Physical and chemical characteristics? - ?Tillage patterns
Classification code: 406 Highway Engineering? - ?443 Meteorology? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?601 Mechanical Design? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 1.25e+02kg/m3, Mass_Density 8.90e+01kg/m3, Percentage 1.40e+01%, Percentage 1.49e+01%, Percentage 3.04e+01%, Percentage 3.70e+00%, Percentage 7.40e+00%, Percentage 8.20e+00%, Size 0.00e+00m to 1.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 3.00e-01m, Size 1.00e-01m to 2.00e-01m, Size 2.00e-01m to 3.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.006
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
35. Analysis of Moisture Transfer of Potato Slices during Drying Using Low-field NMR
Accession number: 20190706495369
Authors: Zhu, Wenxue (1, 2); You, Taifei (1); Bai, Xiting (1, 2); Liu, Sijia (1); Hou, Yaling (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang; 471023, China; (2) Agricultural Product Drying Technology and Equipment of Henan Engineering Technology Research Center, Luoyang; 471023, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 364-370
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to study the law of internal water migration in the process of potato chip heat pump drying, the changes of transverse relaxation time T2 and peak area A2x were analyzed by low-field NMR technique, and a dynamic model was established for different states of moisture change in the drying process. The results showed that in the process of heat pump drying, increasing the hot air temperature can significantly increase the drying rate and accelerate the migration rate of bound water, immobilized water and free water. In the drying process, the free and bound water was changed before the immobilized water, and the free water content was remained basically the same for the first 90 min, and then dropped rapidly. The proportions of the immobilized and bound water both showed a rise and then decrease. In the trend, after the free water was removed, the immobilized water and the bound water successively reached a maximum value, and as the drying proceeding, the flowing water was gradually removed, and then the bound water started to be removed until the drying was completed. The heat pump drying process of potato slices belonged to internal diffusion control, and the effective water diffusion coefficient was ranged from 5.228×10-8 m2/s to 1.434×10-7 m2/s. A dynamic model was established for the changes of moisture content and its content in different stages of potato slice drying with time. The coefficient of determination of all models was greater than 0.98, which was a good predictor of the law of moisture migration of potato slices in different states during the drying process. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: Drying
Controlled terms: Diffusion in liquids? - ?Dynamic models? - ?Heat pump systems? - ?Mathematical models? - ?Moisture control? - ?Nuclear magnetic resonance? - ?Pumps
Uncontrolled terms: Coefficient of determination? - ?Free and bound water? - ?Hot air temperature? - ?Low field nuclear magnetic resonance? - ?Moisture transfer? - ?Potato? - ?Transverse relaxation time? - ?Water diffusion coefficients
Classification code: 616.1 Heat Exchange Equipment and Components? - ?618.2 Pumps? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?921 Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Time 5.40e+03s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.043
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
36. Comparative Analysis of Harvest Maturity Model for Fuji Apple Based on Visible/Near Spectral Nondestructive Detection
Accession number: 20190706495367
Authors: Zhao, Juan (1, 2); Quan, Pengkun (1); Ma, Minjuan (1); Li, Lei (1); He, Dongjian (1, 2); Zhang, Haihui (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Haihui(zhanghh@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 347-354
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Harvest maturity is a key factor affecting apple storage performance. Thus, in order to achieve batch harvesting and suitable picking maturity of apple, rapid and non-destructive discrimination model was studied based on visible/near infrared spectral technology. Apple samples were classified into three maturity levels (mid-ripe, ripe and over-ripe) according to different fruit development times after flowering. Spectral information of all samples was acquired by using the visible/near-infrared spectral system with a wavelength range from 200 nm to 1 100 nm in the laboratory, and spectral differences of samples at different mature stages were analyzed. It was found that the spectral reflectance of the mid-ripe samples was significantly higher than that of the ripe and over-ripe samples. However, the spectral bands behind the ripe and over-ripe samples had similar spectral characteristics, resulting in overlapping. Then, after the preprocessing of SG and multivariate scatter correction method, a method using callback arithmetic operator named twice-detect was used to detect outlier sample for different quality parameters. Among them, five outlier samplers of the soluble solids content, two outlier samples of firmness and no outlier sampler in color factor were removed. Finally, the remaining 235 samples were participated in the modeling analysis. The characteristic variables of soluble solids, firmness and the parameters of L*, C*, h*, a and b were extracted by the random algorithm which can be modeled with a small number of variables. A maturity index coupling internal quality named simplified internal quality index (SIQI) and another maturity index coupling with factor analysis named factor quality index (FQI) were applied to evaluate the maturity of apple. Using the characteristic variable as input, the partial least squares prediction model of SIQI index and FQI index was established. The prediction correlation coefficient of SIQI index was 0.938, and the root mean square error was 0.216. Similarly, the prediction correlation coefficient of FQI index was 0.917 and the root mean square error was 1. 152. Therefore, it was feasible to use spectral information to predict the maturity evaluation index of coupled multiple indexes. At the same time, the classification model using spectral information was directly established by the extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm and the support vector regression (SVR) algorithm. By comparing the results of the four classification models, it was found that the classification results based on SIQI index combined with SVR algorithm were the best, which was better than the direct classification model. The classification accuracy was 85.71%. The results stated that the classification of apple harvest maturity can be achieved by using visible/near-infrared spectroscopy information and the maturity evaluation index coupling with related internal quality indicators. The research result can provide a theoretical reference for the development of non-destructive testing equipment for subsequent apple harvesting maturity. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 33
Main heading: Quality control
Controlled terms: Classification (of information)? - ?Data mining? - ?Forecasting? - ?Fruits? - ?Harvesting? - ?Information use? - ?Least squares approximations? - ?Machine learning? - ?Mean square error? - ?Nondestructive examination ? - ?Statistics
Uncontrolled terms: Apple? - ?Classification models? - ?Evaluation index? - ?Partial least square (PLS)? - ?Scatter correction method? - ?Spectral characteristics? - ?Support vector regression (SVR)? - ?Visible/near-infrared spectroscopies
Classification code: 723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis? - ?903.3 Information Retrieval and Use? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.57e+01%, Size 2.00e-07m to 1.10e-06m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.041
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
37. Portabella Mushrooms Measurement in Situ Based on SR300 Depth Camera
Accession number: 20190706495328
Authors: Wang, Ling (1, 2); Xu, Wei (1); Du, Kaiwei (1); Lu, Wei (1, 2); Zhu, Jiahao (1); Zhang, Jun (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China; (2) Engineering Laboratory of Modern Facility Agriculture Technology and Equipment in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing; 210031, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 13-19 and 108
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In factory-like planting pattern of Portabella mushrooms, aiming to provide working parameters for mushroom picking robot, mushroom bed images were collected into the industrial personal computer (IPC) to measure in situ by structured light 3D camera-SR300. For complex background of plenty of hyphae in mushroom bed, the dynamic threshold was calculated adaptively by the mode of depth data of soil surface combined to at least 20 mm of stipe height, and the binary image of mushroom caps were extracted from mushroom bed background. For adhesion and quasi-circular mushrooms, the centric coordinates and radius were detected roughly based on the 2-1 cyclo-Hough transform, and then the boundaries of mushrooms were tracked, denoised and interpolated to segment adhesion mushrooms and fit a single mushroom exactly. And the three-dimensional coordinates of the centric and the boundary points of a single mushroom were calculated. By the coordinate system calibration of camera, the measurement accuracy in site was verified by using a ceramic disk. The location, diameter and deviation-lean angle of a single mushroom were calculated in world coordinate system of the camera. Field test results showed that the maximum diameter error of a mushroom was 5.57 mm, the maximum lean angle error of a mushroom was 6.3°. The mean run time of a video frame was 206 ms, and the mean run time of a single mushroom was 44 ms, which can meet the scene requirement of the mushroom picking robot. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Cameras
Controlled terms: Adhesion? - ?Binary images? - ?Fungi? - ?Hough transforms? - ?Personal computers
Uncontrolled terms: Background segmentation? - ?Complex background? - ?Depth camera? - ?Industrial personal computers? - ?Measurement accuracy? - ?Portabella mushroom? - ?Three dimensional coordinate? - ?World coordinate systems
Classification code: 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Size 2.00e-02m, Size 5.57e-03m, Time 2.06e-01s, Time 4.40e-02s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.002
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
38. Solution and Analysis of Transplanting Mechanism with Planetary Gear Train Based on Convexity of Pitch Curve
Accession number: 20190706495336
Authors: Sun, Liang (1, 2); Xu, Yadan (1, 3); Huang, Hengmin (1, 2); Wang, Zhenfei (1, 2); Zhang, Guofeng (1, 2); Wu, Chuanyu (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (2) Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Transplanting Equipment and Technology, Hangzhou; 310018, China; (3) Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College, Hangzhou; 310018, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Guofeng(zhguof@zstu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 83-92
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: With the goal of improving the performance of planetary gear train transplanting mechanism, the direct connection between convexity of pitch curve and the ideal transplanting trajectory was established. A method was proposed to abstract the parameters of a planetary gear train with noncircular gears based on the convexity of non-circular gear pitch curve index. Firstly, a global reference coordinate system was established based on the transplanting trajectory; next, the planetary gear train was simplified to a two-link, two degrees of freedom, and open loop chain mechanism with two revolute joints (a 2R mechanism), and a mechanism motion solving model was established based on ideal transplanting trajectory. According to the conversion relation between transmission ratio curve and non-circular gear pitch curve, the non-circular gear pitch curve convexity judgment index was put forward. The range of the transplanting mechanism with planetary gear train central position, namely the analytic domain was established. According to the kinematics principle, the ideal transplanting trajectory was replayed by a two-link, two degrees of freedom and open loop chain mechanism. The transmission ratio of gear train was calculated, and the calculation and distribution model of transmission ratio was established. The parameters of transplanting mechanism were calculated, such as the length of links, length ratio of link, and non-circular gear pitch curve convexity judgment index. The parameter information diagram of transplanting mechanism with a given transplanting trajectory was drawn. According to the requirements of transplanting agronomy, the engineering practical solution was preferred in the information map. And the blindness of adjusting non-circular gear pitch curve was avoided. The method was used to calculate and analyze several common transplanting trajectories. The eagle-nosed transplanting trajectories were chosen to design the transplanting mechanism with planetary gear train. Simulation analysis showed that the simulation trajectory and the test trajectory were basically the same as the given ideal trajectory. The correctness of the calculation model and the feasibility of the design mechanism were verified. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Epicyclic gears
Controlled terms: Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Trajectories
Uncontrolled terms: Distribution models? - ?Pitch curve? - ?Planetary gear train? - ?Practical solutions? - ?Reference coordinate system? - ?Transmission ratios? - ?Transplanting mechanisms? - ?Two degrees of freedom
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?601.3 Mechanisms? - ?931.1 Mechanics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.010
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
39. Experiment on Pressure Fluctuation of Axial Flow Pump System under Different Cavitation Conditions
Accession number: 20190706495346
Authors: Li, Yanjun (1); Chen, Chao (1); Pei, Ji (1); Wang, Wenjie (1); Wu, Tiancheng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 158-164
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to obtain the pressure pulsation characteristics of the model of one axial flow pump unit named Paihekou station under different cavitation conditions, the monitoring points of pressure were set near the impeller inlet, the impeller outlet and the vane outlet, the test was conducted by applying a dynamic pressure sensor system under four different head conditions with three different cavitation conditions of no cavitation, critical cavitation (pump efficiency decreased by 1%), deep cavitation (pump efficiency decreased by 3%). The test results showed that the pressure pulsation curve at the inlet of the wheel was a smooth and approximate sine curve, and the amplitude of the pressure fluctuation curve at the outlet of the impeller was the largest and showed obvious second harmonic characteristics in a rotating cycle under the high head condition without cavitation. The time domain characteristics of pressure pulsation of vane outlet were similar to that of impeller inlet. The results of FFT showed that the main frequency of each monitoring point under different working conditions was the integral frequency doubling of the blade passing frequency. With the deepening of cavitation, harmonic frequency near the main frequency of each monitoring point was gradually moved to the low frequency section. The vane outlet and impeller inlet were less affected by the blade passing frequency and showed similar frequency characteristics. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: Cavitation
Controlled terms: Axial flow? - ?Efficiency? - ?Experiments? - ?Frequency doublers? - ?Impellers? - ?Time domain analysis
Uncontrolled terms: Axial flow pump? - ?Blade passing frequency? - ?Cavitation conditions? - ?Frequency characteristic? - ?Harmonic frequency? - ?Pressure fluctuation? - ?Pressure pulsation? - ?Time domain characteristics
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics? - ?713.5 Electronic Circuits Other Than Amplifiers, Oscillators, Modulators, Limiters, Discriminators or Mixers? - ?901.3 Engineering Research? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?921 Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 3.00e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.020
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
40. Performance Comparison between Single and Double Pump Controlled Asymmetric Cylinder under Four-quadrant Operation
Accession number: 20190706495375
Authors: Zhang, Shuzhong (1, 2); Minav, T. (3); Pietola, M. (3); Huang, Haojie (1, 4)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou; 350108, China; (2) Public Service Platform for Technical Innovation of Machine Tool Industry, Fuzhou; 350108, China; (3) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo; 14400, Finland; (4) Digital Fujian Industrial Manufacturing IOT Lab, Fuzhou; 350108, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 409-419
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Since the single pump controlled asymmetric cylinder closed circuit demands extra flow compensating unit and its velocity fluctuates during the changes of load directions, an innovative double pump controlled asymmetric cylinder closed circuit system and its control strategy were proposed. The cylinder was directly controlled by double variable speed pumps driven by a servo motor and a low-pressure hydraulic accumulator was adopted as the tank. The operating principles of the single pump and double pump controlled cylinder closed circuit under a four-quadrant operation were analyzed. The mechanical model of the front attachment of a micro-excavator was built, as well as the pump controlled cylinder closed circuit system and the velocity feed-forward open loop and closed loop control strategies. Furthermore, the built hydraulic system of the double pump controlled cylinder was partially validated. The simulation was performed by using this partially validated model, a velocity reference for the stick cylinder and a zero load for the bucket of the front attachment. After the analyses and comparisons of the operating behavior and energy consumption, the results magnified that compared with the single pump controlled cylinder system, although the energy efficiency of the proposed double pump controlled cylinder system was decreased by 4 percentage points, the velocity fluctuation problem caused by the four-quadrant operation was eliminated and the maximum position error of running 0.8 m was only 4 mm. Therefore, the proposed system and its control strategies were effective and feasible for the four-quadrant operation of the asymmetric cylinder. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Pumps
Controlled terms: Closed loop control systems? - ?Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Efficiency? - ?Electric network analysis? - ?Energy efficiency? - ?Energy utilization? - ?Hydraulic accumulators? - ?Hydraulic equipment? - ?Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Closed circuit systems? - ?Closed loop control strategy? - ?Control performance? - ?Four-quadrant operations? - ?Performance comparison? - ?Pump controlled cylinder? - ?Single pumps? - ?Velocity fluctuations
Classification code: 525.2 Energy Conservation? - ?525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?618.2 Pumps? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?703.1.1 Electric Network Analysis? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?961 Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Size 4.00e-03m, Size 8.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.049
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
41. Evaluation of Farming Convenience Degree in North China Plain
Accession number: 20190706495347
Authors: Ren, Yanmin (1, 2); Liu, Yu (1, 2); Pan, Yuchun (2, 3); Hu, Yueming (2, 4)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Agri-informatics, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (4) College of Information, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China
Corresponding author: Liu, Yu(liuyu@nercita.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 165-171
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Farming convenience degree (FCD) is an important feature of cultivated land. In order to accurately characterize all requirements of modern agriculture for FCD, the definition and its meaning of FCD were introduced. Then, a systematic and comprehensive evaluation model was constructed and applied in a project area of Dingzhou City in Hebei Province. The results showed that the newly defined FCD put farming efficiency on an importance place, which consisted of field work efficiency and traffic efficiency. Three key indexes were thoroughly studied, including connective degree, field road accessibility and farming distance. Their meaning and acquisition method offered the foundation to obtain FCD accurately. The evaluation results showed that the FCD condition of farmland in the study area was good overall. Based on the comprehensive evaluation score, the farm units were divided into four levels. Among that, totally 82.41% of all farmland area was at the level of very convenient or more convenient. These kinds of units mainly had the feature of convergent distribution and large average land area, and also distributed in the area close to roads. It was the appropriate area for developing high-efficiency agriculture and spreading mechanized farming. On the contrary, it was difficult to exert scale benefit and mechanical tillage for farmland of the grades like general convenient and not convenient, because of their small units and scattered distribution. The research can provide technical support and method reference for the project selection and performance evaluation for well-facilitated farmland as well as the evaluation of cultivated land quality. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Quality control
Controlled terms: Efficiency? - ?Farms? - ?Land use? - ?Landforms? - ?Petroleum reservoir evaluation
Uncontrolled terms: Cultivated land qualities? - ?Evaluation? - ?Farming convenience degree? - ?Modern agricultures? - ?North China Plain
Classification code: 403 Urban and Regional Planning and Development? - ?481.1 Geology? - ?512.1.2 Petroleum Deposits : Development Operations? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?913.3 Quality Assurance and Control
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.24e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.021
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
42. Mechanism of Soil Moisture Regulating Photosynthesis Rate of Tomato Based on Resistance of CO2 Transport along Pathway
Accession number: 20190706495361
Authors: Zhang, Dalong (1, 2); Liu, Yuping (3); Li, Yang (1); Feng, Gaili (1); Li, Qingming (1, 2); Wei, Min (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) Lan’ao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ji’nan; 250001, China
Corresponding author: Wei, Min(minwei@sdau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 292-299
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Soil moisture was closely linked to plant photosynthesis rate and plant productivity. Water stress was important factors for photosynthetic depression and yield decrease. However, the key limiting step and underlying mechanism was highly uncertain. The resistance distribution along the pathway of CO2 transport from the atmosphere surrounding the leaf to the site of carboxylation inside the chloroplast stroma of tomato under different soil water content gradients was explored. Soil moisture was maintained by a standardized gravimetric approach. Stomatal and mesophyll conductance were estimated from simultaneous measurement of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence. The results showed that the photosynthesis rate (Pn), rubisco carboxylation capacity (Vc, max), maximum electron transport capacity (Jmax) and carboxylation efficiency (CE) were increased with the increase of soil moisture, which showed as “S” curves and can be described in logistic models. Stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance and the total conductance for CO2 transport were decreased with water stress. The proportions of stomatal and mesophyll conductance limitations imposed on photosynthetic depression were increased with soil water stress, which were the dominant limiting factors; in contrast to stomatal and mesophyll limitation, biochemical limitations were increased with the increase of soil moisture and performed as predominant limiting factors when soil moisture was sufficient. Stomatal conductance showed positive linear relationship with leaf water potential, which was declined with soil water stress; mesophyll conductance showed negative linear relationship with leaf mass area, which was increased with soil water stress. The research result demonstrated that stomatal and mesophyll resistance for CO2 uptake were key limiting step for photosynthesis rate. The greatest resistance of stomata under water stress was determined by the turgor loss of guard cells while the mesophyll conductance was determined by the leaf anatomical structure. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Soil moisture
Controlled terms: Carbon dioxide? - ?Carboxylation? - ?Efficiency? - ?Electron transport properties? - ?Fruits? - ?Photosynthesis? - ?Plants (botany)
Uncontrolled terms: Carboxylation efficiencies? - ?Mesophyll conductance? - ?Photosynthesis rate? - ?Stomatal conductance? - ?Tomato
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?913.1 Production Engineering
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.035
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
43. Numerical Simulation of Slotted Blade in Centrifugal Pump on Cavitation Suppression
Accession number: 20190706495345
Authors: Zhao, Weiguo (1, 2); Zhai, Lijing (1); Xia, Tian (1); Li, Shangsheng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and System, Lanzhou; Gansu Province; 730050, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 150-157
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Centrifugal pumps are widely used to deliver liquid media in agriculture, pharmacy, industry, etc. Compared with the case delivering pure liquid such as water, centrifugal pumps not only have lower efficiency but also are subject to severe vibration, noise and erosion when delivering cavity two-phase flow. In order to further improve the cavitation performance of low specific rotation centrifugal pump, a method of making the blade slotted to control cavitation in a centrifugal pump was proposed. The slotted impeller blade near the inlet of centrifugal pump was studied. According to the flow characteristics of cavitation in centrifugal pump and the cavitation dynamics model of Kubota cavitation model, the SST k-ω model was used to simulate and analyze the two-phase flow in a centrifugal pump under the same working conditions. The simulation results showed that after the blade surface was slotted, the head of the centrifugal pump was increased, and the head of the centrifugal pump was increased by 12.8% at the design point, and the efficiency was increased by 4.2%. The slotted blade can effectively prevent the low pressure region from expanding outward, change the pressure distribution and inhibit the cavitation in every stage of the centrifugal pump. The slotted blade can optimize the flow field structure, increase the pressure in the flow channel and reduce the volume fraction of the cavitation. The cavitation volume of centrifugal pump impeller in every stage of cavitation was smaller than that of impeller without slot when the blade was slotted. In the stage of cavitation development, the volume of slotted space-time bubble continued to decay. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Two phase flow
Controlled terms: Cavitation? - ?Centrifugal pumps? - ?Channel flow? - ?Computer simulation? - ?Efficiency? - ?Impellers? - ?Numerical models
Uncontrolled terms: Cavitation model? - ?Cavitation performance? - ?Centrifugal pump impellers? - ?Dynamics modeling? - ?Flow charac-teristics? - ?Flow field structure? - ?Slotted blade? - ?Specific rotations
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?618.2 Pumps? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics? - ?723.5 Computer Applications? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?921 Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.28e+01%, Percentage 4.20e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.019
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
44. Analysis of Extraction of Semantic Feature in Agricultural Question and Answer Based on Convolutional Model
Accession number: 20190706495352
Authors: Zhang, Mingyue (1); Wu, Huarui (1, 2); Zhu, Huaji (2, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Software and Hardware Product Quality Testing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100097, China
Corresponding author: Wu, Huarui(wuhr@nercita.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 203-210
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Tens of thousands of question and answer data have been increased per second in the internet agricultural technology extension community, these massive data have features of recessive part of speech, emotion and unwanted vectors, and how to implement data aggregation and data block reduction is the difficult problem in this field. An analytical model for the extraction of emotional polarity in agricultural question and answer based on convolutional neural network was proposed, the training set was transformed into a 256-dimensional word vector by using the Skip-gram model after segmenting the dataset with agricultural word segmentation dictionary. The convolution neural network after batch-normalization specification was used to train the dataset, and the neural network model parameters used to identify the part of speech emotional similarities in the agricultural technology promotion community question and answer were obtained. The experimental results showed that the method could accurately identify redundant queues in the test sample set, and by comparing with the other four text classification methods, there were also obvious advantages in each index, the accuracy of the semantic feature extraction for the test set was up to 82.7%. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 31
Main heading: Classification (of information)
Controlled terms: Agriculture? - ?Convolution? - ?Extraction? - ?Feature extraction? - ?Natural language processing systems? - ?Neural networks? - ?Semantics? - ?Text processing
Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural technologies? - ?Convolution neural network? - ?Convolutional neural network? - ?NAtural language processing? - ?Neural network model? - ?Semantic feature extractions? - ?Text classification methods? - ?Word segmentation dictionaries
Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.27e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.026
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
45. Intermittent Infiltration Model of Surge Border Irrigation in Layered Soil under Groundwater
Accession number: 20190706495363
Authors: Chen, Lin (1, 2); Fei, Liangjun (1, 2); Fu, Yuliang (1, 2); Zhong, Yun (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an; 710048, China; (2) State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an; 710048, China
Corresponding author: Fei, Liangjun(feiliangjun2008@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 314-324
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to further reveal infiltration mechanism of intermittent infiltration of layered soil under surge irrigation, through the analysis of experimental data and theoretical research, Brook-Corey and Green-Ampt (BC-GA) improved infiltration model of layered soil under intermittent infiltration of surge irrigation was built. Relationship between water suction and wetting depth of intermittent wetting front of layered soil was built, which showed that the suction value Sf was decreased with the increase of wetting depth zf. Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, retained moisture content, intake suction value, water conductivity coefficient, shape coefficient and depth change in the sand layer were proved to be the main influence parameters of migration distance of layered soil under intermittent infiltration. When the number of cycles was increased, the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the upper soil was decreased, saturated water moisture content was reduced and the suction was increased. Only the intake suction value in the sand layer was increased with the increase of cycle number. Calculation of intermittent infiltration characteristics and wetting front migration characteristics of sandy soil with different burial depths based on BC-GA model pointed out that the cumulative infiltration amount under the same sand layer depth was decreased and the wetting front migration distance under the same sand layer depth was increased. The cumulative infiltration volume and the wetting front was increased under the same water supply period. When the water supply period reached the maximum, the buried depth of the sand layer would reduce the cumulative infiltration amount and the wetting front migration distance. The research result could lay a scientific foundation for further development of surge irrigation technology. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Infiltration
Controlled terms: Hydraulic conductivity? - ?Irrigation? - ?Moisture? - ?Moisture determination? - ?Sand? - ?Soils? - ?Water supply? - ?Wetting
Uncontrolled terms: Border irrigation? - ?Cumulative infiltrations? - ?Green-Ampt model? - ?Infiltration characteristic? - ?Infiltration mechanisms? - ?Sand layer? - ?Saturated hydraulic conductivity? - ?Scientific foundations
Classification code: 446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?632.1 Hydraulics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?944.2 Moisture Measurements
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.037
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
46. Composite Controller Design for Buck Converters Based on Terminal Sliding Mode and Disturbance Observer
Accession number: 20190706495372
Authors: Gao, Wei (1, 2); Ni, Yuanyuan (1); Ding, Shihong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) School of Electrical Engineering, Wuhu Institute of Technology, Wuhu; 241000, China
Corresponding author: Ding, Shihong(dsh@mail.ujs.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 387-392 and 428
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: It can be seen from the literature that the existing control methods for the control of DC-DC Buck converters are mostly based on the pure state feedback. When the disturbances are large, the gains of the controllers are usually required to be tuned large enough so as to suppress the adverse effects of disturbances, while the large gains usually affect the dynamic and steady-state performance of the closed-loop systems. To tackle this problem, a composite control scheme was proposed by combining the terminal sliding mode and disturbance observer techniques to further improve the dynamic and steady-state performance of Buck converter’s control system. First of all, taking the external disturbance, system uncertainties and parameter perturbations into account, the average state model of DC-DC Buck converters should be firstly built. On this basis, a sliding mode controller by virtue of the non-singular terminal sliding mode control technique was designed for the Buck converter such that the fundamental voltage regulation can be implemented. Finally, by applying the disturbance observer technique, a nonlinear disturbance observer was constructed to estimate the unknown disturbance, and the estimated value as the feedforward term plus the state feedback constitute the composite controller, which can further improve the performance of the closed-loop system. Simulation and experimentation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed method. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 20
Main heading: DC-DC converters
Controlled terms: Closed loop systems? - ?Controllers? - ?Electric inverters? - ?Sliding mode control? - ?State feedback? - ?Voltage regulators
Uncontrolled terms: Buck converters? - ?Disturbance observer? - ?Non-singular terminal sliding mode controls? - ?Nonlinear disturbance observer? - ?Parameter perturbation? - ?Sliding mode controller? - ?Steady state performance? - ?Terminal sliding mode
Classification code: 704.1 Electric Components? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?961 Systems Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.046
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
47. Segmentation Method of Supervoxel Clusterings and Salient Map
Accession number: 20190706495348
Authors: Liu, Hui (1); Liu, Jialin (1); Shen, Yue (1); Pan, Chengkai (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Corresponding author: Shen, Yue(shen@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 172-179
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The image segmentation of target plant plays an important role in the automation of plant target detection and variable spray. The application of a single two-dimensional feature to object orientation, tracing and other occasions cannot meet the requirements of modern agriculture. However, in the segmentation of the three dimensional characteristics of plants, the traditional supervoxel clustering segmentation has the problem of high segmentation rate and poor real-time performance of plant. To solve this problem, a super voxel segmentation method was proposed, which fused saliency maps. Firstly, the color and depth maps of target plant were acquired in real time by using Kinect V2, and the RGB (RGB color model) color space images were converted into CIELab (CIELab color model) color space images. The eigenvalues of each pixel were calculated, and then the color feature map was obtained. After obtaining three feature graphs, fusion color feature graph, luminance feature graph and direction feature graph were used to construct a significant feature graph, and then the saliency map and the depth map were synchronously aligned to obtain the significant point cloud. The octree grid was used to initialize point cloud, and the grid point cloud was obtained, which satisfied the probability density threshold through Mean-Shift algorithm, and taking the maximum probability density point as the seed point, based on the Euclidean distance between points and CIELab similarity criterion as regional growth, the super voxels were generated. Finally, the locally convex connected patches (LCCP) algorithm was used to cluster the salient point cloud. The experimental results showed that the improved supervoxels based on salient point cloud-locally convex connected patches (SSV-LCCP) algorithm method can greatly improve the accuracy and rapidity of the target foreground segmentation, and effectively overcome the background noise and outliers. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 31
Main heading: Image segmentation
Controlled terms: Clustering algorithms? - ?Color? - ?Color codes? - ?Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions
Uncontrolled terms: 3D point cloud? - ?Depth information? - ?Kinect? - ?Nanoflann? - ?Salient maps? - ?Supervoxel
Classification code: 741.1 Light/Optics? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.022
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
48. Detection of Straw Coverage Rate Based on Multi-threshold Image Segmentation Algorithm
Accession number: 20190706495330
Authors: Liu, Yuanyuan (1); Wang, Yueyong (2); Yu, Haiye (3); Qin, Mingxia (1); Sun, Jiahui (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun; 130118, China; (2) College of Engineering and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun; 130118, China; (3) Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun; 130025, China
Corresponding author: Wang, Yueyong(yueyong10@mails.jlu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 27-35 and 55
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Straw returning is one of the most important measures for increasing fertility. But straw returning has not been widely popularized at present. It needs to be supervised and tested. However, manual detection of straw coverage is time-consuming, laborious, low accuracy and difficult to store information. In order to solve these problems, a straw coverage detection method was proposed based on image segmentation. Considering the precision of traditional image segmentation method was not high, and the computation was complex for multi-threshold segmentation, the search mechanism of gray wolf (GWO) algorithm and differential evolution (DE) algorithm were combined, and a multi-threshold automatic segmentation method was proposed based on image, DE-GWO algorithm for field straw mulching detection. Firstly, the straw mulching image collected in the field was preprocessed, and the adaptive Tsallis entropy was used as the objective function of the algorithm to evaluate the efficiency of image segmentation. Secondly, the number of segmentation thresholds was selected according to the complexity of the image, and the multi-threshold image was segmented by DE-GWO algorithm. The proportion of the images after the segmentation was calculated by the gray degree level. Finally, the straw mulching rate in the image and the actual geographic area were converted according to the shooting height and the wide angle of the camera. The experimental results showed that the straw mulching rate in the field and the actual measurement error were less than 8%, and the DE-GWO algorithm was more accurate than the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) and gray wolf algorithm (GWO). Compared with manual measurement, the average consumption time was reduced by more than 1500 times. In addition, a set of software system for detection of straw coverage based on DE-GWO algorithm was developed, which provided the basis of algorithm and software support for the real-time detection of the monitoring system. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Image segmentation
Controlled terms: Particle swarm optimization (PSO)
Uncontrolled terms: Automatic segmentations? - ?Coverage rate? - ?Differential evolution algorithms? - ?Image segmentation algorithm? - ?Multi-threshold segmentation? - ?Multithreshold? - ?Segmentation methods? - ?Segmentation threshold
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.00e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.004
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
49. Effects of Biochar on Yield, Quality and Water Utilization of Organic Flowering Chinese Cabbage
Accession number: 20190706495359
Authors: Wang, Zhan (1, 2); Li, Yinkun (1); Wang, Lichun (1); Guo, Wenzhong (1); Xu, Zhigang (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (2) College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China
Corresponding author: Li, Yinkun(lykun1218@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 273-280
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to explore the effects of biochar on improvement of soil water-retaining capacity and water utilization of flowering Chinese cabbage, based on the field experiment, the effects of four treatments, including no fertilizer (CK), mere organic fertilizer (MC0, 110 t/hm2), combination of organic fertilizer and a small amount of biochar (MC1, 110 t/hm2+8.5 t/hm2) and combination organic fertilizer and a large amount of biochar (MC2, 110 t/hm2+17 t/hm2) on soil moisture dynamic, yield, quality as well as water use efficiency of flowering Chinese cabbage were studied. As the result shown, organic fertilizer combined with biochar could significantly increase the water content in 0~20 cm soil layer and increase water reserve in 0~70 cm soil layer, the average water content of whole growth period of MC1 and MC2 was increased by 4.7% and 8.6% (P ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 31
Main heading: Fertilizers
Controlled terms: Ecology? - ?Efficiency? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Vegetables? - ?Water supply
Uncontrolled terms: Annual water consumption? - ?Bio chars? - ?Flowering chinese cabbages? - ?Soil moisture dynamics? - ?Vegetable Field? - ?Water use efficiency? - ?Water utilization? - ?Yield
Classification code: 446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?913.1 Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.23e+01%, Percentage 3.40e+00%, Percentage 3.60e+00%, Percentage 3.67e+01%, Percentage 4.54e+01%, Percentage 4.66e+01%, Percentage 4.70e+00%, Percentage 4.98e+01%, Percentage 5.91e+01%, Percentage 6.80e+00%, Percentage 7.57e+01%, Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m, Size 0.00e+00m to 7.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.033
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
50. Assessment of Drought Characteristics in Yunnan Province Based on SPI and SPEI from 1961 to 2100
Accession number: 20190706495355
Authors: Liu, Xiaogang (1); Leng, Xianxian (1); Sun, Guangzhao (1); Peng, Youliang (1); Huang, Yifeng (1); Yang, Qiliang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming; 650500, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 49
Issue: 12
Issue date: December 25, 2018
Publication year: 2018
Pages: 236-245 and 299
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Drought is an extreme climate event with long duration of slow development, and the impact of climate change on drought is particularly significant, drought has become a global problem in a changing climate. Assessing the impact of climate change on the drought characteristics of Yunnan Province is particularly important. The drought conditions in Yunnan Province were analyzed by using the multi-time scale standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). The seasonal variation of two indexes and the characteristics of drought in the region were analyzed by using non-exceedance probability and runs theory, respectively. The results showed that the non-exceedance probability of SPEI (1) below and equal to -1.0 in the winter of 1961-1995 was 5.2%, and it was increased to 18.4% from 2066 to 2100; the non-exceedance probability of SPEI (6) below and equal to -1.0 was increased from 4. 4% to 21.4%, SPEI (24) was increased from 7.0% to 25.7%. It was showed that due to climate change, serious droughts may occur in the future, and the medium and long-term droughts were more serious than short-term droughts. Severe droughts caused by climate change during the winter and summer periods from 1961 to 1995 and from 2066 to 2100, and the severity of medium-and long-term droughts was particularly strong during winter and summer. SPI and SPEI time series were applied to the runs theory and it was found that the drought intensity determined by SPEI (1) from 1961 to 1995 was 28.3, which reached 60.9 by 2066 to 2100, indicating that the climate changes had exacerbated the future drought. The results were instructive and practical for drought prediction and assessment in Yunnan Province, as well as its risk management and application decisions. At the same time, it can provide a scientific reference for the future dry farming ecological management and drought evolution prediction. ? 2018, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 35
Main heading: Climate change
Controlled terms: Drought? - ?Evapotranspiration? - ?Risk assessment? - ?Risk management? - ?Stream flow
Uncontrolled terms: Exceedance probability? - ?Runs theory? - ?Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index? - ?Standardized precipitation index? - ?Yunan Province
Classification code: 407.2 Waterways? - ?443.1 Atmospheric Properties? - ?444 Water Resources? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.84e+01%, Percentage 4.00e+00% to 2.14e+01%, Percentage 5.20e+00%, Percentage 7.00e+00% to 2.57e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.12.029
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
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