2020年第9期共收錄48篇
1. Design and Test of Dynamic Water Quality Monitoring System for Aquaculture Based on Unmanned Surface Vehicle
Accession number: 20204409408290
Title of translation:
Authors: Jiang, Xianliang (1); Shang, Zining (1); Jin, Guang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo; 315211, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 175-185 and 174
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Traditional monitoring systems realize water quality monitoring with a large number of monitoring nodes placed in the aquaculture area and communicating with wireless sensor network. The monitoring nodes combine multiple sensors to collect water quality data. The monitoring data changes on each node in the integrated water area reflects water quality status. But the quantity of nodes, monitoring scale and water coverage are limited. While insufficient number of monitoring nodes could not represent the entire water area, but increasing the density of monitoring nodes would increase the complexity of the system and cost. Therefore, the wider range of water quality data was collected, the more intuitive water quality status distribution in the water area reflected. Expanding the monitoring scope could avoid the abnormality or missed inspection of water quality caused by inadequate coverage. A dynamic monitoring system for aquaculture water quality monitoring was designed based on unmanned surface vehicle. The system expanded the monitoring scale, increased the monitoring range and collected more extensive water quality information by dynamic monitoring. It also expanded the current water quality monitoring and anomaly detection programs. The dynamic monitoring system consisted of unmanned surface vehicle, shore-based console, manual remote controller and cloud monitoring server. The unmanned surface vehicle integrated Raspberry Pi and multiple sensors to collect water temperature, pH value and water turbidity, and the data was sent back to the shore-based console and uploaded to the cloud server. The dynamic monitoring system designed a data acquisition scheme based on hover sampling by unmanned surface vehicle, the returned data composed longitude, latitude, roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle, ultrasonic distance, water temperature, turbidity value and pH value in sequence. The data returned the shore-based console and performed effective filtering on all received packets. The vehicle ran a path planning strategy based on map analysis. It calculated the position and heading angle in real time to assist in automatic navigation to improve monitoring efficiency, and designed an obstacle avoidance system to detect obstacles in front of the hull. After testing and verifying the feasibility of the system and optimizing the monitoring efficiency of the system, the deployment experiment was carried out in Zhoushan aquafarm. It was verified by experiments that the absolute value of the relative error of water temperature was not more than 0.5% compared with the traditional method, the absolute value of the relative error of the pH value was not more than 1.43%, and the absolute value of the relative error of turbidity was not more than 4.9%, all the data was within the accuracy range of the sensor and met the monitoring needs. The system was deployed in aquaculture waters, collecting 731 sets of valid data within 9 800 m2, covering approximately 68% of the water surface range, which reflected the overall water quality information of the water area and provided abnormal conditions in the water surface area. The dynamic monitoring system improved the shortcomings of current aquaculture water quality monitoring methods and expanded application of the Internet of Things technology in the field of agricultural engineering. Compared with current monitoring program, the scope of water quality monitoring was expanded, the monitoring efficiency was improved, and the monitoring cost was greatly reduced. It could be regarded as monitoring strategy and technical means for aquaculture water quality monitoring which had better application and promotion value and still had somespace to be improved. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 43
Main heading: Monitoring
Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Anomaly detection? - ?Aquaculture? - ?Data acquisition? - ?Efficiency? - ?Errors? - ?pH? - ?Remote consoles? - ?Remote control? - ?Sensor nodes ? - ?Surface testing? - ?Temperature? - ?Turbidity? - ?Ultrasonic applications? - ?Unmanned surface vehicles? - ?Vehicles? - ?Water quality
Uncontrolled terms: Abnormal conditions? - ?Automatic navigation? - ?Dynamic monitoring system? - ?Internet of things technologies? - ?Monitoring strategy? - ?Obstacle-avoidance system? - ?Water quality information? - ?Water quality monitoring
Classification code: 445.2 Water Analysis? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?722 Computer Systems and Equipment? - ?722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?741.1 Light/Optics? - ?753.3 Ultrasonic Applications? - ?801.1 Chemistry, General? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?913.1 Production Engineering
Numerical data indexing: Area 9.80e+03m2, Percentage 1.43e+00%, Percentage 4.90e+00%, Percentage 5.00e-01%, Percentage 6.80e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.020
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
2. Small-sized Efficient Detector for Underwater Freely Live Crabs Based on Compound Scaling Neural Network
Accession number: 20204409408328
Title of translation:
Authors: Zhao, Dean (1); Cao, Shuo (1); Sun, Yueping (1); Qi, Hao (1); Ruan, Chengzhi (2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan; 354300, China
Corresponding author: Sun, Yueping(sunypujs@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 163-174
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Using machine vision technology to detect the morphological position and quantity distribution information of underwater freely live crabs in the pond is a key step to realize the precise variable feeding for automatic feeding boats. However, it is very challenging to detect crabs quickly and reliably in the underwater images because of the large differences in posture, similarity joints of crabs, and the uneven color characteristics of the underwater images. For this reason, a real-time lightweight underwater live crab detector based on compound scaling convolutional neural networks was proposed. Firstly, aiming to the characteristics of underwater image blur and color imbalance, K-SVD denoising and Retinex color-correction enhancement were performed respectively according to the information composition characteristics with different frequencies after sparse decomposition. Secondly, a lightweight EfficientNet that perfectly coordinated the accuracy and efficiency by compound scaling the network width, depth and resolution was adopted as the backbone network. After that, a compound scaling factor was introduced to perform global overall compound scaling of the efficiently integrated feature network, which stacked two-layer weighted bi-directional feature pyramid structures, and the class/boundary-box prediction network that stacked three-layer convolution modules, to build a small-sized efficient detector for limited resources. In the class/boundary-box prediction network, an orthogonal Softmax layer was also adopted to replace the fully-connected classification layer to ensure that the detector can learn more distinguishing features from the small-sample dataset, which effectively alleviated the over-fitting problem of small-sample detection and improved the generalization ability of detectors. The model was trained and tested with self-built 20 625 data samples. Experiments showed that images after denoising and correction were color-balanced and high-definition, and the detection Iou was increased by nearly 8 percentage points. The training detection model EfficientNet-Det0 can achieve 96.21% precision and 94.86% recall rate where only 15 MB storage memory was needed; the detection delay of a single image was only 10.6 ms (GPU) and 35.0 ms (CPU). Compared with the YOLOv3 algorithm, FLOPs was reduced to 1/15, and operating speed of CPU was increased by 2 times, yet the accuracy was comparable to or even better than YOLOv3. The EfficientNet-Det0 proposed was suitable for applying on resource-restricted automatic feeding bait to quickly and accurately detect underwater live crabs, which could realize the statistics of the distribution for freely live crabs in ponds, and provide reliable decision information for establishing scientific feeding mechanism. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: Feature extraction
Controlled terms: Classification (of information)? - ?Color? - ?Color image processing? - ?Convolution? - ?Convolutional neural networks? - ?Digital storage? - ?Feeding? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Lakes? - ?Shellfish
Uncontrolled terms: Color characteristics? - ?Composition characteristics? - ?Decision information? - ?Different frequency? - ?Generalization ability? - ?Machine vision technologies? - ?Over fitting problem? - ?Sparse decomposition
Classification code: 461.9 Biology? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?722.1 Data Storage, Equipment and Techniques? - ?741.1 Light/Optics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.49e+01%, Percentage 9.62e+01%, Time 1.06e-02s, Time 3.50e-02s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.019
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
3. Design and Test of Control System for Seeding Depth and Compaction of Corn Precision Planter
Accession number: 20204409408240
Title of translation:
Authors: Bai, Huijuan (1); Fang, Xianfa (1, 2); Wang, Decheng (1); Yuan, Yanwei (2); Zhou, Liming (2); Niu, Kang (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) The State Key Laboratory of Soil-Plant-Machine System Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Fang, Xianfa(fangxf@caams.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 61-72
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Keeping appropriate and consistent seeding depth and compaction pressure is beneficial to rapid and consistent seed germination, and finally increases yield. Seeding depth and compaction pressure varies with terrain floating and different field conditions. In order to make the planter adapt to varying field conditions and keep the seeding depth and compaction pressure in the set range, an electro-hydraulic precise control system for seeding depth and compaction pressure was designed, including hydraulic system, controller, downforce sensor, compaction pressure sensor, oil pressure sensor, and A/D signal acquisition modules. The downforce sensor and compaction pressure sensor were used to sense the real-time downforce and compaction pressure. Control signals were sent to hydraulic valves after calculating the differences between set value and actual measured value by controller, then the action direction and pressure of the hydraulic cylinder connected to the planter unit frame were adjusted, therefore the downforce and compaction pressure applied to the planter unit were adjusted. Through bench test, the control process of the system was calibrated. The step response test results of control system showed that the average adjustment time of the downforce control system was 2.69 s, the average steady state error was 91.5 N, and the average overshoot was 22.95%. The adjustment time of the compaction pressure control system was 1.44 s, the stable state error was 30 N and the overshoot was 1.83%. The mechanical spring-regulated seeding unit and electro-hydraulic-regulated seeding unit were installed on a same planter and their performances were obtained and compared though field tests. As for electro-hydraulic-regulated seeding unit, the seeding depth was set to 50 mm, the target value of downforce was set to 3 000 N, and the target value of compaction pressure sensor was set to 400 N. The planter operated at 6~10 km/h. For the unit under electro-hydraulic active adjustment mode, the seed depth qualification rate was 91.33%, the coefficient of variation (CV) was 8.98%. For the unit under the mechanical adjustment mode, the seed depth qualification rate was 82.67%, and the CV was 16.73%. The test index of the unit based on the electro-hydraulic active adjustment method was better than the index of the unit based on the mechanical spring adjustment method. The research result provided a kind of electro-hydraulic method and system to adjust downforce and compaction pressure actively and accurately, which can finally realize consistent seeding depth and compaction pressure. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Seed
Controlled terms: Compaction? - ?Control systems? - ?Controllers? - ?Hydraulic equipment? - ?Pressure control? - ?Pressure sensors? - ?Signal processing
Uncontrolled terms: Coefficient of variation? - ?Compaction pressure? - ?Electro-hydraulics? - ?Hydraulic cylinders? - ?Mechanical adjustment? - ?Signal acquisitions? - ?Steady state errors? - ?Step response tests
Classification code: 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?944.3 Pressure Measuring Instruments
Numerical data indexing: Force 3.00e+01N, Force 4.00e+02N, Force 9.15e+01N, Percentage 1.67e+01%, Percentage 1.83e+00%, Percentage 2.29e+01%, Percentage 8.27e+01%, Percentage 8.98e+00%, Percentage 9.13e+01%, Size 5.00e-02m, Time 1.44e+00s, Time 2.69e+00s, Velocity 1.67e+00m/s to 2.78e+00m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.008
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
4. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Root Length Density of Maize under Drip Irrigation with Mulch
Accession number: 20204409408112
Title of translation:
Authors: Jia, Biao (1); Li, Zhenzhou (1); Wang, Rui (1); Sun, Quan (1); Wang, Zhangjun (1); Liu, Genhong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan; 750021, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 266-273
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The objective was to establish the root length density (RLD) distribution relation model of maize at different nitrogen rates, and explore the effects on RLD of maize under drip-irrigation with plastic film in Ningxia. The relationship was improved between the spatial distribution characteristics of maize root system and nitrogen absorption. The interaction was promoted between maize root and soil. The nitrogen fertilizer application rate of maize was optimized under the condition of water and fertilizer integration. There were five nitrogen fertilizer application rates and the treatment of no application of N fertilizer and no mulching as control (CK) in this experiment. The experiment plot was in farm of Pingjibao which was located in Yinchuan City, Ningxia, Northwest China. The RLD of drip irrigated maize was measured. The model of relative root length density (NRLD) was established and verified at different N application rates. The results showed that the RLD distribution of drip-irrigation maize was decreased with the increase of depth of soil layer in the N fertilization treatment. The vertical distribution of root length in the 0~20 cm soil layer was the largest. The RLD distribution range of maize was expanded significantly with the increase of N fertilizer application rate. The NRLD value of maize in all treatments were consistent with cubic polynomial function. The determination coefficient of simulation curve was 0.951. The results of the evaluation showed that determination coefficient of linear relationship between simulated and observed values of NRLD was 0.845, and the root mean square error (RMSE) was 0.248. The fitting result of cubic polynomial function had a good effect. But it should be noted that the polynomial model could not guarantee that the value of NRLD reached zero at the Zr was equal to 1. Therefore, the cubic polynomial model of NRLD maize was optimized and verified. The verification results of the optimized model showed that RMSE in all nitrogen treatments was not more than 0.308, the standardized root mean square error (nRMSE) were 0.242, 0.193, 0.184, 0.226, 0.208 and 0.273, and determination coefficient values were 0.903, 0.953, 0.920, 0.944, 0.962 and 0.898, respectively. It not only had a higher fitting degree, but also solved the problem that the value of NRLD reached zero at the Zr was equal to 1. It was more suitable to simulate NRLD distribution of drip-irrigation under plastic film of maize for different nitrogen rates. All these results given can also provide a theoretical reference for nutrient absorption and fertilization management of drip-irrigated maize root system in the irrigation area of Ningxia. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Nitrogen fertilizers
Controlled terms: Functions? - ?Irrigation? - ?Mean square error? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Plastic films? - ?Polynomials? - ?Soils? - ?Zirconium
Uncontrolled terms: Cubic polynomial functions? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Distribution characteristics? - ?Drip irrigation under plastic films? - ?Fertilizer applications? - ?Nitrogen application rates? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Vertical distributions
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?549.3 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys excluding Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?817.1 Polymer Products? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?921.1 Algebra? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Size 0.00e+00m to 2.00e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.030
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
5. Adaptability of Human-Land System under Disturbance of Soil Erosion of Heilongjiang Province
Accession number: 20204409408122
Title of translation:
Authors: Xu, Qiu (1); Lei, Guoping (1); Yang, Houxiang (1, 2); Chen, Jianlong (2); Lian, Chen (3)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Land Management, Northeast University, Shenyang; 110169, China; (2) Heilongjiang Research Institute of Territory’s Spatial Planning, Harbin; 150090, China; (3) Heilongjiang Province Land Use Monitoring and Comprehensive Management Center, Harbin; 150090, China
Corresponding author: Lei, Guoping(guopinglei@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 201-210
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to alleviate the relationship between human and land, taking the soil erosion that is the most threatening to Heilongjiang Province as the starting point, the adaptability of the regional human-land system was analyzed from the perspective of production-living-ecological, and human-land system restoration schemes were proposed based on different restoration priorities. Firstly, on the basis of summing up and sorting out the connotation of adaptability and integrating the theory and methods of adaptation, a framework for adaptive analysis based on risk disturbance was proposed, which decomposed system adaptability into four aspects: disturbance, impact, response, and capability. Starting from the disturbance of soil erosion risk, a systematic adaptability evaluation index system and evaluation model were constructed. Secondly, the range standardization method, Kriging interpolation method, CAI Chongfa method, and DEA-CCR model were used to process the data, and the soil erosion equation was used to measure the soil erosion risk. The adaptation evaluation model was used to calculate the adaptation index, analyze the soil erosion risk and the adaptive distribution of the human-land system. Finally, a human-land system restoration scheme based on the combination of different restoration priority modes was proposed. The results showed the area of soil erosion risk area in Heilongjiang Province was 13.666 1 million hm2, accounting for 85.74% of the area of cultivated land in the region, and the scales of the high, middle and low-level risk scale were 3.240 2 million hm2, 5.963 3 million hm2 and 4.462 6 million hm2. Adaptation areas for high-level and high-level human-land systems suitability areas were distributed in the northeast of the Sanjiang Plain and the southeast of the Songnen Plain, middle levels were distributed in the Daxing’an Mountains and the southern area of the Songnen Plain, and low and lower levels were distributed in the southeast mountains and Northern Songnen Plain. The research formed a human-land system restoration scheme based on different restoration priority combination modes, of which only one kind of human-land system restoration scheme existed in 53 regions, and the remaining 27 areas formed different human-land system restoration schemes under different priority combination modes. The research result provided a variety of options for the repair of regional human-land systems. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 35
Main heading: Landforms
Controlled terms: Erosion? - ?Interpolation? - ?Restoration? - ?Risk assessment? - ?Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Adaptability evaluation? - ?Adaptive analysis? - ?Combination modes? - ?Cultivated lands? - ?Evaluation modeling? - ?Kriging interpolation methods? - ?Soil erosion risk? - ?Theory and methods
Classification code: 481.1 Geology? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.57e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.023
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
6. Water Use Characteristics and Profit Analysis of Spring Maize Production with Different Irrigation Methods in Hetao Irrigation District
Accession number: 20204409408145
Title of translation:
Authors: Zou, Yufeng (1, 2); Cai, Huanjie (1, 2); Zhang, Tibin (1, 2); Wang, Yunfei (2); Xu, Jiatun (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Cai, Huanjie(caihj@nwafu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 237-248
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Located in the arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China, the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia is facing both shortage of surface water resources and severe soil salinization, therefore the high-efficient water-saving irrigation methods are the inevitable choice for sustainable agricultural production. A three-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different irrigation methods on yield, water productivity and net return of spring maize in the Hetao Irrigation District. Three irrigation methods, i.e., border irrigation (BI), furrow irrigation (FI) and drip irrigation (DI), were compared. Taking the recommended traditional BI water level as the control, three water levels imposed for FI were recommended, namely level (450 mm, H), 0.8×recommended level (360 mm, M) and 0.6×recommended level (270 mm, L), respectively; while the three levels for DI were conducted based on different threshold values of soil water matric potential, i.e., -10 kPa (H), -30 kPa (M), and -50 kPa (L), respectively. Totally seven treatments were implemented by randomized block design with three replicates. The results showed that the grain and straw yields were significantly affected by treatments. Under BI condition, totally average 10% of irrigation water was lost through deep percolation over the studied three years; whereas, under DI conditions, about 10.5~29.0 mm water of groundwater was contributed into the root zone through capillary rise for crop water uptake. The response coefficient Ky of maize grain yield-soil water under DI (0.684) was smaller than that under FI (0.821 5), indicating that the reduction of crop yield caused by decrease of crop water consumption was smaller under DI than that under FI. That meant DI helped maintain a higher crop yield under potential drought stress than FI. Compared with traditional BI, FI-H (450 mm) could increase the grain yield and net return, FI-M (360 mm) could save 31% of irrigation water while keeping the grain yield and net yield as same as the control. Compared with BI, DI-H and DI-M treatments could save irrigation water by 19% and 57% respectively, but increase grain yield by 21% and 15%, and increase net yield by 28% and 22%, respectively, resulting in a higher water use efficiency. Therefore, considering the external environmental conditions, including water diverted from the Yellow River, groundwater status and local farmers’ acceptance etc., water level with FI-M or DI-M could be used as an alternative to traditional BI for water-saving irrigation. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 47
Main heading: Irrigation
Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Crops? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Groundwater? - ?Groundwater resources? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Solvents? - ?Surface water resources? - ?Surface waters? - ?Water conservation ? - ?Water levels? - ?Water management? - ?Water supply? - ?Yield stress
Uncontrolled terms: Arid and semi-arid areas? - ?Crop water consumption? - ?Environmental conditions? - ?Hetao irrigation districts? - ?Soil water matric potentials? - ?Sustainable agricultural? - ?Water use efficiency? - ?Water-saving irrigation
Classification code: 444 Water Resources? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 1.90e+01%, Percentage 2.10e+01%, Percentage 2.20e+01%, Percentage 2.80e+01%, Percentage 3.10e+01%, Percentage 5.70e+01%, Size 1.05e-02m to 2.90e-02m, Size 2.70e-01m, Size 3.60e-01m, Size 4.50e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.027
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
7. Measurement Method of Grain Volume Flow Based on Structured Light
Accession number: 20204409408119
Title of translation:
Authors: Yin, Wenqing (1); Pu, Hao (1); Hu, Fei (1); Qian, Yan (1); Guo, Dong (1); Wu, Ya’nan (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Nanjiang Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210031, China
Corresponding author: Qian, Yan(qianyan@njau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 101-107
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Drawing the grain yield map during the operation of the combine harvester is a requirement to achieve precision agriculture. To draw the yield map, the grain flow into the grain tank must be measured in real time during the combined harvest. Applying the structured light visual measurement technology to achieve the measurement of grain volume flow was proposed. Ordinary chute was used as the conveyor to measure the volume flow of the grain. Rollers and encoders were used to measure the flow velocity of the grain in the chute. A structured light three-dimensional vision system was constructed based on the principle of laser triangulation to measure the flow valley in the chute cross-section profile of grain. The relationship between the object length and the pixel offset value was established by the test parameter calibration method. Based on the pre-processing of the structured light image, the cross-sectional profile of the grain flow was obtained by the threshold determination method. The trapezoidal micro-element summation method was used to establish the grain flow section calculation model and the volume calculation model. The effects of the chute inclination angle and image acquisition frame rate on the measurement error of grain volume flow were experimentally studied. The experimental results showed that when the chute inclination angle was from 15° to 30° and the frame light acquisition frame rate was from 40 f/s to 100 f/s, the measurement error of volume flow of the four kinds of grain was no more than 5.2%, the coefficient of variation of repeated experiments was no more than 0.021, and the root mean square error was no more than 1.268 L. When the measurement volume was 17.6 L, the chute inclination angle was 30°, and the structured light image acquisition frame rate was 100 f/s, the minimum measurement error was 0.74%. When the measurement volume was 39.2 L, the inclination of the chute was 20°, and the frame rate of the structured light image was 40 f/s, the maximum measurement error was 5.2%. A structured light three-dimensional visual measurement system and a trapezoidal micro-element integral summation method were used to establish a grain flow volume calculation model, which can realize the online measurement of the grain volume conveyed by the chute. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Grain (agricultural product)
Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Cladding (coating)? - ?Flow velocity? - ?Image acquisition? - ?Mean square error? - ?Measurement errors? - ?Volume measurement
Uncontrolled terms: Coefficient of variation? - ?Cross sectional profiles? - ?Cross-section profile? - ?Laser triangulation? - ?Measurement methods? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Three dimensional vision? - ?Threshold determination
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.20e+00%, Percentage 7.40e-01%, Volume 1.27e-03m3, Volume 1.76e-02m3, Volume 3.92e-02m3
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.012
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
8. Effect of Compound Phosphate on Hydration, Structure and Rheological Properties of Beef Minced Meat
Accession number: 20204409408252
Title of translation:
Authors: Zhao, Gaiming (1); Meng, Ziqing (1); Zhu, Chaozhi (1); Tian, Wei (2); Han, Guangxing (3); Jia, Yutang (4)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou; 450002, China; (2) College of Animal Science and Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou; 450002, China; (3) Linyi Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Beef Cattle Industry Technology System, Linyi; 276000, China; (4) Hefei Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Beef Cattle Industry Technology System, Hefei; 230031, China
Corresponding author: Zhu, Chaozhi(zhuchaozhi66@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 337-343
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FITR), rotational rheometer (DHR) and other methods to study the effects of different phosphate additions (mass fraction was 0~0.5%) on the hydration, structure and rheological properties of beef minced meat. The results showed that with the increase of compound phosphate content, the moisture content of beef minced meat was increased gradually by 5.87 percentage points, the cooking loss was decreased by 8.58 percentage points, and the pH value was increased from 5.7 to 6.4. The compound phosphate shortened the meat emulsion system T21 and T22(p ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Thermal processing (foods)
Controlled terms: After-heat treatment? - ?Beef? - ?Complex networks? - ?Composite structures? - ?Emulsification? - ?Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy? - ?Hydration? - ?Nuclear magnetic resonance? - ?Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy? - ?Pore size ? - ?Proteins? - ?Rheology? - ?Scanning electron microscopy
Uncontrolled terms: Binding abilities? - ?Complex phosphate? - ?Emulsion systems? - ?Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)? - ?Percentage points? - ?Rheological property? - ?Rotational rheometer? - ?Secondary structures
Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?722 Computer Systems and Equipment? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?822.2 Food Processing Operations? - ?822.3 Food Products? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 0.00e+00% to 5.00e-01%, Percentage 1.74e+01% to 2.94e+01%, Percentage 2.00e-01%, Percentage 3.43e+01% to 2.68e+01%, Percentage 5.00e-01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.038
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
9. Multi-point Prediction of Temperature and Humidity of Mushroom Based on CNN-GRU
Accession number: 20204409408214
Title of translation: CNN-GRU
Authors: Zhao, Quanming (1); Song, Zitao (1, 2); Li, Qifeng (3); Zheng, Wen’gang (2); Liu, Yu (4); Zhang, Zhonglili (3)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Electronic Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin; 300401, China; (2) Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (3) Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing; 100097, China; (4) Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing; 100097, China
Corresponding author: Li, Qifeng(liqf@nercita.org.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 294-303
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: It was vitally important to effectively obtain the spatial distribution of temperature and humidity of the greenhouse mushroom house in advance for optimizing environmental stress of edible fungi, early warning of disease and pre-regulation of the mushroom house. The traditional single-point prediction could not well meet the demand of evaluation of overall environmental performance for the mushroom house. According to the characteristics of time series, non-linear and different spatial distribution of temperature and humidity in mushroom house, a multi-point prediction method of temperature and humidity for the mushroom house based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and gated recurrent unit neural network (GRU) was proposed, which took the historical outdoor meteorological data of the greenhouse, the indoor microclimate environmental data, environmental distribution characteristics, the ventilation information and the humidification information as input by constructing a two-dimensional matrix according to the time series. Firstly, CNN was used to mine the effective information contained in the data to extract the high-dimensional features reflecting the interrelation of greenhouse environmental data, and then the extracted feature vectors were constructed as time series and input to the GRU network for multi-point prediction of temperature and humidity. The prediction model proposed was applied to the multi-point prediction of temperature and humidity in the mushroom house of a solar greenhouse in Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, and the experimental results showed that the averaged RMSE and MAE were 0.211 and 0.140, respectively, for the temperature prediction at each point in the mushroom house, and the average proportion of error control within ±0.5 was 97.57%. For the humidity prediction at each point in the mushroom house, the averaged RMSE and MAE were 2.731% and 1.713%, respectively, and the average proportion of error control within ±5% was 92.62%. Comparing with traditional BP neural network, long short-term memory neural network (LSTM), and gated recurrent unit neural network (GRU), the prediction model proposed had higher prediction accuracy. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: Long short-term memory
Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Backpropagation? - ?Convolutional neural networks? - ?Environmental management? - ?Environmental regulations? - ?Forecasting? - ?Greenhouses? - ?Houses? - ?Humidity control? - ?Meteorology ? - ?Petroleum reservoir evaluation? - ?Predictive analytics? - ?Spatial distribution? - ?Time series
Uncontrolled terms: Environmental distribution? - ?Environmental performance? - ?Environmental stress? - ?High dimensional feature? - ?Meteorological data? - ?Spatial distribution of temperature? - ?Temperature and humidities? - ?Temperature prediction
Classification code: 402.3 Residences? - ?454.2 Environmental Impact and Protection? - ?512.1.2 Petroleum Deposits : Development Operations? - ?723.4 Artificial Intelligence? - ?821.6 Farm Buildings and Other Structures? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.71e+00%, Percentage 2.73e+00%, Percentage 9.26e+01%, Percentage 9.76e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.033
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
10. Effect of Bacillus methylotrophicus on Cucumber Acupoint Plate Seedling in Summer
Accession number: 20204409408146
Title of translation:
Authors: Hu, Xiaohui (1, 2); Wang, Junzheng (1, 2); Peng, Tieli (1, 2); Yuan, Luqiao (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 284-293
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to explore the effects of Bacillus methylotrophicus agent on cucumber seedling nursing and substrate enzyme activities under high temperature season, and obtain the optimal content, Bonai 526, Jinyou 1 and Xishu-131 were chosen as materials, the effects of different dosages of bacteria agent (0 g/plant, 0.25 g/plant, 0.50 g/plant and 0.75 g/plant, labeled as CK,T1, T2 and T3, respectively) on the growth physiological indexes of cucumber seedlings and the substrate enzyme activities in high temperature environment were measured, and the correlation between substrate enzyme activities and growth physiological indexes was analyzed. The results showed that the biomass, root growth rates (except root diameter), seedling index and G value (the growth rate of the daily average dry mass) of three kinds of cucumber seedlings were increased first and then decreased with the increase of the dosage. Compared with CK, T2 treatment significantly improved the seedling indexes of Bonai 526, Jinyou 1 and Xishu-131 by 77.8%, 108.3% and 63.6%, respectively, the G value were significantly improved by 183.3%, 177.8% and 133.3%, respectively, the root length were significantly improved by 105.6%, 72.4% and 75.5%, root surface area were significantly improved by 174.9%, 111.4% and 122.2%, root volume were significantly improved by 212.0%, 137.8% and 156.3%, and root tip number of seedlings were significantly improved by 108.9%, 58.6% and 64.6%, respectively. The root diameter, chlorophyll content and activities of substrate enzyme (including urease, sucrase and catalase) were increased with the increase of the dosage of bacteria agent. It was noteworthy that three kinds of substrate enzyme activities had a significant positive correlation with contents of chlorophyll (P ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 46
Main heading: Enzymes
Controlled terms: Bacteria? - ?Bacteriology? - ?Chlorophyll? - ?Forestry? - ?Physiology
Uncontrolled terms: Chlorophyll contents? - ?High temperature? - ?High-temperature environment? - ?Physiological indices? - ?Positive correlations? - ?Root activities? - ?Root surface area? - ?Seedling quality
Classification code: 461.9 Biology? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.06e+02%, Percentage 1.08e+02%, Percentage 1.09e+02%, Percentage 1.11e+02%, Percentage 1.22e+02%, Percentage 1.33e+02%, Percentage 1.38e+02%, Percentage 1.56e+02%, Percentage 1.75e+02%, Percentage 1.78e+02%, Percentage 1.83e+02%, Percentage 2.12e+02%, Percentage 5.86e+01%, Percentage 6.36e+01%, Percentage 6.46e+01%, Percentage 7.24e+01%, Percentage 7.55e+01%, Percentage 7.78e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.032
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
11. Detecting and Counting Method for Small-sized and Occluded Rice Panicles Based on In-field Images
Accession number: 20204409408276
Title of translation:
Authors: Jiang, Haiyan (1, 2); Xu, Can (1); Chen, Yao (1); Cheng, Yongkang (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China; (2) National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing; 210095, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 152-162
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: How to assess the number of rice panicles had been one of the key ways to realize high-throughput rice breeding in the modern smart farming, for that the panicle can reflect rice yield directly. In practical in-field scenarios of rice growing, the size of panicles was relatively small while the panicles were always occluded by the leaf seriously. So, it was a challenging task to accurately identify the rice panicle in the complex field scene and automatically count the number of panicles. In order to count the small-sized rice panicles locally occluded by leaves, an automatic counting method was designed which called generative feature pyramid for panicle detection (GFP-PD) based on the feature pyramid and the generative adversarial networks. To solve the problem of feature loss in feature learning of small size rice panicles, firstly, the relationship between the size of rice panicle and receptive field was analyzed quantitatively, and then the appropriate feature learning network was selected to reduce the information loss of rice panicles; secondly, the multi-scale feature pyramid was constructed and integrated to enhance the panicle features. For the noise in the panicle feature which caused by the leaves occlusion, a feature repairing network which called occlusion sample inpainting module (OSIM) was designed to optimize the quality of features containing leaves noise by restoring the noise to the real feature of rice panicles. The model was trained and tested by the in-field rice images taken from the variety of Nanjing 46. The average panicle counting accuracy and the average panicle recognition accuracy of GFP-PD were 90.82% and 99.05%, respectively, which were 16.69 percentage points and 5.15 percentage points higher than the results of Faster R-CNN. When constructing the feature pyramid for Faster R-CNN, the average counting accuracy and recognition accuracy based on VGG16 network were 87.10% and 93.87%, respectively, which were 3.75 percentage points and 1.20 percentage points higher than ZF network. After the OSIM repairing model was further used to optimize the panicle feature, the recognition accuracy was increased from 93.87% to 99.05%. The results showed that selecting the appropriate feature learning network and constructing the feature pyramid could significantly improve the count and recognition accuracy of small-size rice panicles in the field. The OSIM can remove the leaf noise in the feature of rice panicle effectively, which was useful to improving the recognition accuracy of the panicles partially covered by the rice leaves. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 34
Main heading: Machine learning
Controlled terms: Convolutional neural networks
Uncontrolled terms: Adversarial networks? - ?Automatic counting method? - ?Feature learning? - ?Information loss? - ?Multi-scale features? - ?Percentage points? - ?Receptive fields? - ?Recognition accuracy
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.71e+01%, Percentage 9.08e+01%, Percentage 9.39e+01%, Percentage 9.39e+01% to 9.90e+01%, Percentage 9.90e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.018
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
12. Effects of Different Ca2+ Concentrations on Heat-induced Aggregation of Pork Myosin
Accession number: 20204409408192
Title of translation: Ca2+
Authors: Pan, Teng (1, 2); Chen, Xing (3); Shen, Qingwu (3); Zhang, Yan (4); Luo, Jie (3)
Author affiliation: (1) Newhope Liuhe Co., Ltd., Beijing; 100102, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Feed and Livestock and Poultry Products Quality & Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100102, China; (3) College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha; 410128, China; (4) College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Luo, Jie(luojie@hunau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 329-336
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to investigate the thermal aggregation behavior of myosin at different Ca2+ concentrations, the myosin was extracted from longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs. By adding different concentrations of calcium chloride (0.01 mol/L, 0.02 mol/L, 0.03 mol/L, 0.04 mol/L, 0.05 mol/L, 0.075 mol/L and 0.1 mol/L), the changes of morphology and structure of aggregates during the heating process and gel properties were studied by means of thermal denaturation kinetics, differential fluorescence scanning instrument and negative staining transmission electron microscope. The aim was to elucidate the mechanism of myosin thermal aggregation in pork. The results showed that the concentration of Ca2+ was increased from 0.01 mol/L to 0.1 mol/L, the denaturation temperature of protein was decreased from 40.2 and 52.4 to 36.5 and 50.8, the thermal stability of myosin was decreased significantly (p2+-ATPase was increased significantly (p2+ was, the faster the aggregation rate was. Under the concentration of 0.1 mol/L CaCl2, the volume of protein aggregates was increased significantly to form disordered aggregates. The concentration of Ca2+ was increased from 0.01 mol/L to 0.1 mol/L, and the gel strength was increased from 4.58 N to 5.28 N. Gel strength of 80 and 0.1 mol/L calcium chloride treatment group was significantly (p ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Agglomeration
Controlled terms: Aggregates? - ?Calcium chloride? - ?Denaturation? - ?Mammals? - ?Meats? - ?Particle size? - ?Proteins? - ?Thermodynamic stability? - ?Transmission electron microscopy
Uncontrolled terms: Chloride concentrations? - ?Denaturation temperatures? - ?Fluorescence scanning? - ?Heat induced aggregation? - ?Morphology and structures? - ?Protein aggregates? - ?Thermal aggregation? - ?Thermal denaturations
Classification code: 406 Highway Engineering? - ?461.9 Biology? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?804.2 Inorganic Compounds? - ?822.3 Food Products
Numerical data indexing: Force 4.58e+00N to 5.28e+00N, Molar_Concentration 1.00e+01mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 1.00e+01mol/m3 to 1.00e+02mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 1.00e+02mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 2.00e+01mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 3.00e+01mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 4.00e+01mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 5.00e+01mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 7.50e+01mol/m3
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.037
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
13. Design and Test of Directional Vibrating Seed-feeding Device for Flat Solanaceous Vegetable Seeds
Accession number: 20204409408182
Title of translation:
Authors: Xia, Hongmei (1); Zhou, Shilin (1); Liu, Yuanjie (1); Zhao, Kaidong (1); Li, Zhiwei (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Trade, Guangzhou; 510640, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 82-88
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Under vibrating action of the seed-feeding box, flat solanaceous vegetable seeds would gather with disordered position and attitude around suction holes of the pneumatic drum seeder because of their poor flowability. That would result in high multiple-seed rate during precision sowing for flat solanaceous vegetable seeds. Therefore, a directional vibrating seed-feeding device with a Y-shaped guide groove was designed. Based on theoretical motion analysis of the seed on the vibrating seed-feeding device, installation angle of the seed guide plate was designed to be 10°, and the vibration direction angle of the seed guide plate was determined to be 25°. Through vibrating test, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the seed guide plate excited by a linear electromagnetic vibrator was obtained. By means of high-speed photograph method, the Chaotian pepper seed was tested to study influence of different vibration intensities on seed flow characteristics in the guide groove of the seed-feeding device. The results showed that with th increase of the vibrating voltage, the vibration frequency of each detection point remained at 100 Hz, the vibrating amplitude of the seed guide plate along X, Y and Z directions was increased, and flow velocity of the seed along Y direction relative to the guide groove was increased. When the vibrating amplitude of the seed guide plate along Y direction was in the range of 0.45~0.54 μm, the seeds in a guide groove can form uniform single layer distribution, and the seed flow velocity of each guide groove had better consistency. In order to verify the effect of the directional vibrating seed-feeding device, a contrast sowing test was conducted. The results showed that by utilizing the directional vibrating seed-feeding device, at the efficiency of 300 tray per hour, 600 tray per hour and 900 tray per hour, the sowing qualified seed rate of Chaotian pepper was more than 95%, and the seed-missing rate was less than 5%. It showed that the designed directional vibrating seed-feeding device can significantly improve the qualified seed rate, reduce the multi-seed rate and meet the precision seeding requirements for flat pepper seed. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Feeding
Controlled terms: Flow velocity? - ?Vegetables? - ?Vibration analysis
Uncontrolled terms: Amplitude frequency characteristics? - ?Electromagnetic vibrators? - ?Flow charac-teristics? - ?High speed photographs? - ?Installation angle? - ?Vibrating amplitudes? - ?Vibration frequency? - ?Vibration intensity
Classification code: 631 Fluid Flow? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Frequency 1.00e+02Hz, Percentage 5.00e+00%, Percentage 9.50e+01%, Size 4.50e-07m to 5.40e-07m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.010
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
14. Study of Tillage Depth Detecting Device Based on Kalman Filter and Fusion Algorithm
Accession number: 20204409408256
Title of translation:
Authors: Jiang, Xiaohu (1, 2); Tong, Jin (1, 3); Ma, Yunhai (1, 3); Li, Jinguang (1, 3); Wu, Baoguang (1, 3); Sun, Jiyu (1, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Biology and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China; (2) College of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA; 16802, United States; (3) Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun; 130022, China
Corresponding author: Sun, Jiyu(sjy@jlu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 53-60
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The tillage depth had a significant influence on root growth of crops, energy consumption of agricultural implements and tillage quality in soil tillage. It was extremely difficult to measure tillage depth accurately in real time because of straw mulching and roughness in the field as well as the vibration of tractor. A tillage depth detecting device based on Kalman filter and data fusion was designed in order to improve the accuracy of tillage depth detecting in real time. An ultrasonic sensor and an infrared sensor detecting tillage depth were used by time of flight and triangulation measurement, respectively. The data from two sensors were filtered and fused through Kalamn filter and data fusion algorithm. Besides, capacitance touch screen and memory chip were added in this device for inputting and outputting data expediently and further research. The detecting results of the infrared sensor were superior to that of ultrasonic sensor in even ground and the results were contrary in straw mulching ground. The data filtered and fused by Kalman filter could make full advantage of the useful data of two sensors in varied environments. The averages of ultrasonic sensor filtered data were 29.51 cm and 38.79 cm, the coefficients of variations of tillage depth were 2.51% and 3.10% in field experiment when the standard tillage depth were 30 cm and 40 cm. The averages of infrared sensor filtered data were 32.06 cm and 41.52 cm, the coefficients of variation of tillage depth were 2.41% and 2.76% under the same conditions. The averages of Kalman filtered and fused data were 30.06 cm and 39.95 cm, the coefficients of variation of tillage depth were 1.07% and 1.00%. The device used filtered and fused detecting data had better performances in detecting tillage depth accurately and its trend than that of single sensor. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 27
Main heading: Kalman filters
Controlled terms: Agricultural implements? - ?Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?Data fusion? - ?Energy utilization? - ?Infrared detectors? - ?Infrared devices? - ?Touch screens? - ?Ultrasonic sensors
Uncontrolled terms: Coefficients of variations? - ?Data fusion algorithm? - ?Detecting devices? - ?Fusion algorithms? - ?Infra-red sensor? - ?Single sensor? - ?Straw mulching? - ?Time of flight
Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?722.2 Computer Peripheral Equipment? - ?723.2 Data Processing and Image Processing? - ?753.2 Ultrasonic Devices? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?944.7 Radiation Measuring Instruments
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 1.07e+00%, Percentage 2.41e+00%, Percentage 2.51e+00%, Percentage 2.76e+00%, Percentage 3.10e+00%, Size 2.95e-01m, Size 3.00e-01m, Size 3.01e-01m, Size 3.21e-01m, Size 3.88e-01m, Size 4.00e-01m, Size 4.15e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.007
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
15. Design and Experiment of Segmented Vibrating Screen in Cleaning Device of Maize Grain Harvester
Accession number: 20204409408218
Title of translation:
Authors: Wang, Lijun (1); Ma, Yang (1); Feng, Xin (1); Song, Lianglai (1); Chai, Jin (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 89-100
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In view of the fact that the cleaning rate and loss rate of maize grain could not meet the requirements of national standards for maize grain harvester, a cleaning device with segmented vibrating screens whose holes were round was designed. The CFD-DEM coupled method was used to simulate the gas-solid two-phase motion in cleaning device with traditional reciprocating vibrating double screens. Based on the law of grain penetration along the longitudinal area of the upper screen and the length of the upper screen, the suitable length of the front screen was determined and the rear screen was designed. The maize mixture could be dispersed and layered by the combination air from the upper and lower of the front screen before they fell on the rear screen from the end of the front screen. The cleaning rate of the grains could be increased and the loss rate of the grains could be decreased. Under the condition that the cleaning performance of the front screen remained constant, the frequency, amplitude of the rear screen, the vertical and horizontal distances between the front and rear screens were taken as the experimental factors. The cleaning rate and loss rate of the maize grains were taken as the performance indexes. The quadratic orthogonal rotational-combinational simulation tests were designed. The regression mathematical models between factors and indexes were founded. The optimal parameter combination was obtained by using the multi-objective optimization algorithm of Design-Expert 8.0.6 software. The best combination of parameters were the frequency of rear screen of 4.44 Hz, the amplitude of rear screen of 15.65 mm, the vertical distance between the front and rear screens of 114 mm, horizontal distance between the front and rear screens of 18.53 mm. Under the condition of inlet air velocity of 12.8 m/s and the air direction angle of 25°, when the feed rate of maize mixture at the inlet of the cleaning device was 5 kg/s, the cleaning rate of maize grain was 98.34% and the loss rate of maize grain was 1.45%. Compared cleaning device with traditional reciprocating vibrating double screens, the cleaning rate of maize grain of the cleaning device with segmented vibrating screens was increased by 1.26 percentage points and the loss rate of maize grain was decreased by 0.81 percentage points, which could meet the requirements of technical specification for quality evaluation of screening in China. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Vibrating screens
Controlled terms: Air? - ?Air cleaners? - ?Cleaning? - ?Harvesters? - ?Mixtures? - ?Multiobjective optimization
Uncontrolled terms: Experimental factors? - ?Gas-solid two-phase? - ?National standard? - ?Optimal parameter combinations? - ?Percentage points? - ?Performance indices? - ?Quality evaluation? - ?Technical specifications
Classification code: 451.2 Air Pollution Control? - ?605.1 Small Tools, Powered? - ?802.3 Chemical Operations? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?921.5 Optimization Techniques
Numerical data indexing: Frequency 4.44e+00Hz, Mass_Flow_Rate 5.00e+00kg/s, Percentage 1.45e+00%, Percentage 9.83e+01%, Size 1.14e-01m, Size 1.57e-02m, Size 1.85e-02m, Velocity 1.28e+01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.011
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
16. Aeration and Venturi Jet-based Bubble Distribution and Effects of Integrated Foam Fractionation
Accession number: 20204409408235
Title of translation:
Authors: Ji, Mingdong (1); Li, Jianping (1); Ye, Zhangying (1); Zhu, Songming (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou; 310058, China
Corresponding author: Zhu, Songming(zhusm@zju.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 304-310
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Removing suspended solids, including uneaten feed and feces, is the crucial water treatment process for maintaining the stable operation in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The accumulating of fine particles in recirculating water is unavoidable. It has been a main bottleneck for the fast development of RAS. Considering the low efficiency of foam fractionation, the bubble distribution of aeration and venturi jet were studied. Results showed that both for aeration and venturi jet, with the increase of water salinity, the Sauter mean diameter (SMD) was decreased and the gas holdup was increased. With the decrease of air inflow, the SMD and gas holdup were decreased. In general, the SMD of aeration was larger than that of venturi jet. The analysis of relevant flotation theories revealed that the key factor of foam fractionation for fine particle was bubble-particle collision probability mainly depended on the bubble diameter and particle size. The surfactant was basic condition, and it affected bubble-particle adhesion probability, foamability and foam stability. However, the surfactant, as well as the size of fine particles, was uncontrolled in RAS. It suggested that bubble characteristics may be the leading factor for the foam fractionation of fine particles. In addition, bubbles with different diameters showed different removal effects of fine particles. Then, an integrated foam fractionation of the synergy between aeration and venturi jet was therefore proposed. The gas holdup could reach 0.100 (aeration and venturi jet alone were 0.031 and 0.074, respectively), and the removal efficiency of fine particles could reach 55.84% under experimental conditions (aeration and venturi jet alone were 19.06% and 39.67%, respectively). The aeration-based foam fractionation had a good effect on the removal of fine particles which were smaller than 50 μm. The venturi jet-based foam fractionation probably led to the breakup of relatively large particles, and the increasement of fine particles that were 2~30 μm. Nevertheless, the integrated foam fractionation could avoid energy consumption and generally reduce the amounts of fine particles that were 2~15 μm produced by venturi jet. As a consequence, the integrated foam fractionator can be designed and applied to the management of fine particles in actual RAS. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 32
Main heading: Particle size analysis
Controlled terms: Energy utilization? - ?Froth flotation? - ?Particle size? - ?Surface active agents? - ?Water treatment
Uncontrolled terms: Bubble characteristics? - ?Bubble distributions? - ?Experimental conditions? - ?Foam fractionation? - ?Recirculating aquaculture system? - ?Removal efficiencies? - ?Sauter mean diameter (SMD)? - ?Water treatment process
Classification code: 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques? - ?525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals? - ?951 Materials Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.91e+01%, Percentage 3.97e+01%, Percentage 5.58e+01%, Size 2.00e-06m to 1.50e-05m, Size 2.00e-06m to 3.00e-05m, Size 5.00e-05m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.034
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
17. Effects of Root Hydraulic Lift on Soil Salt and Tomato Yield under Water and Salt Stress
Accession number: 20204409408326
Title of translation:
Authors: Lu, Jia (1); Shao, Guangcheng (1); Zhang, Kun (1); Wang, Zhiyu (1); Wang, Jing (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing; 210098, China; (2) Yangzhou City Flood Control Management Office, Yangzhou; 225002, China
Corresponding author: Shao, Guangcheng(sgcln@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 249-257
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to study the possibility of tomato root hydraulic lift and its effect on soil salt and yield under salt and water stress, different water levels (W1,W2 and W3 stands for soil moisture content was 60%~70%, 50%~60% and 40%~50% of field capacity, respectively) and salt levels (S0, S1 and S2 stands for NaCl addition was 0, 0.2% and 0.4% of dry soil weight, respectively) of upper pot was set to analyze the quantity of root hydraulic lift, salt distribution and yield in upper pot by a soil compartments with upper and lower pots. The results indicated that with the development of growth period, the root hydraulic lift quantity was increased first and then decreased, on which the salt had a significant effect, and under the same water level treatment, the higher the salt content was, the greater root hydraulic lift quantity was; under water and salt stress, there was a linear positive correlation between the salt content and root hydraulic lift quantity in the upper pot, and except for the control group, the electric conductivity of upper pot soil was increased when the hydraulic lift quantity reached the maximum value; compared with the control, water and salt inhibited the root growth, and thus significantly reduced the root activity, and under the same water level, root length, root surface area and root volume were decreased when salt content was increased; salt had a significant effect on tomato water productivity, and under the same water level treatment, the higher the salt content was, the greater the water productivity was, moreover, water productivity was the greatest under W2S2 in all treatments and root hydraulic lift quantity accounted for 17.73% of water demand, but yield was not significantly decreased compared with that of control. The research results had scientific and productive value for further understanding that crop could make full use of the deep water of soil profile to maintain the survival of upper roots and improve the water productivity in “up dry and down wet” condition under water and salt stress. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 40
Main heading: Water treatment
Controlled terms: Fruits? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Productivity? - ?Sodium chloride? - ?Soil moisture? - ?Water levels
Uncontrolled terms: Effect on soils? - ?Hydraulic lifts? - ?Positive correlations? - ?Research results? - ?Root activities? - ?Root surface area? - ?Water and salts? - ?Water productivity
Classification code: 445.1 Water Treatment Techniques? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.77e+01%, Percentage 2.00e-01%, Percentage 4.00e-01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.028
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
18. Estimation of Maize Yield Based on Ensemble Kalman Filter and Random Forest for Regression
Accession number: 20204409408206
Title of translation: EnKF
Authors: Wang, Pengxin (1, 2); Hu, Yajing (1, 2); Li, Li (2, 3); Xu, Lianxiang (2, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing for Agri-Hazards, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 135-143
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to improve the estimation accuracy of maize, the central plain of Hebei Province was chosen as research area, and the remote sensed LAI and simulated LAI by CERES-Maize model was combined in eight typical samples from 2013 to 2018 by using the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) data assimilation approach. The random forest regression was used to estimate maize yield by using monitored LAI and the assimilated ones respectively. The optimal model for estimating maize yields in study area from 2013 to 2018 was selected, and the measured maize yield of the year 2015 was used to validate the accuracy of the optimal model. The results showed that the single point assimilation of eight samples using the EnKF algorithm was more consistent with the actual growth of maize. The assimilated LAIs were extended from the sampling sites to the regional scale, the phenomenon of LAIs rising and falling between adjacent pixels was reduced and the effect was better than the remote sensing inversion LAIs. Compared the yield estimation models with the monitored LAIs, the accuracy of the yield estimation models with the assimilated LAIs was improved, and the R2 was increased by 0.024 5. The yield estimation model was applied to estimate maize yield in 53 counties (districts), in general, the average relative error of the estimated yield was 12.11%, and the root mean square error was 371 kg/hm2, the normalized root mean square error was 6.18%. The yearly estimated yield from 2013 to 2018 in the central plain of Hebei Province was fluctuated in individual years, and the overall distribution in time was characterized by a tendency to decrease first and then increase, and the spatial distribution of maize yield was the highest in the western region of the plain, following by the north and south regions, and the lowest was in the eastern region. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Kalman filters
Controlled terms: Decision trees? - ?Errors? - ?Mean square error? - ?Random forests? - ?Remote sensing
Uncontrolled terms: Adjacent pixels? - ?Average relative error? - ?Data assimilation? - ?Eastern regions? - ?Ensemble Kalman Filter? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Typical samples? - ?Yield estimation
Classification code: 922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?961 Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.21e+01%, Percentage 6.18e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.016
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
19. Photosynthetic Response Characteristics of Economic Tree Species to Heavy Metal Stress in Soil
Accession number: 20204409408180
Title of translation:
Authors: Liu, Jianhua (1); Zhu, Jiyou (2); Yao, Jiangming (3); Li, Xiarong (2); Qin, Guoming (4); Yu, Qiang (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Institute of Quantitative and Technical Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing; 100732, China; (2) College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (3) College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning; 530005, China; (4) Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou; 510520, China
Corresponding author: Yu, Qiang(yuqiang@bjfu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 211-216
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to reveal the photosynthetic response characteristics and correlation of economic tree species to heavy metal stress in soil, common economic tree species in Beijing (Juglansregia L., Amygdaluspersica L.,Prunussalicina Lindl.) were selected as research objects to study the relative content and correlation of chlorophyll under different heavy metal contents (Cr, As, Cu, Pb) in soil. And the resistance mechanism of three economic tree species to four common heavy metal elements was analyzed. The results showed that in the soil environment with different contents of heavy metals, due to the combined effects of heavy metal stress, the relative contents of chlorophyll in plants were significantly different, which indicated that heavy metals in soil had obvious effects on the growth of plants. According to the calculation results of single factor pollution index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index evaluation method, the comprehensive pollution levels of heavy metals As and Cr in the soil of the test orchard were light pollution level and warning level respectively, while Cu and Pb were in safety level. In general, the single factor pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index were As, Cr, Cu and Pb respectively from large to small. The relative chlorophyll content of three economic tree species from large to small were Prunussalicina Lindl. (25.9±6.5), Amygdaluspersica L. (24.3±7.1) and Juglansregia L. (18.55±4.8). There was a significant negative correlation between the relative content of chlorophyll and the content of heavy metals in four kinds of soils, which indicated that heavy metal stress inhibited the photosynthetic pathway of plants, thus reducing their photosynthetic capacity, and with the increase of stress intensity, the inhibition effect on the relative content of chlorophyll was stronger. Among the three economic tree species, Juglansregia L. had stronger resistance to heavy metal stress, Prunussalicina Lindl. took the second place and Amygdaluspersica L.was poorer. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Heavy metals
Controlled terms: Chlorophyll? - ?Forestry? - ?Plants (botany)? - ?Pollution? - ?Safety factor? - ?Soils
Uncontrolled terms: Chlorophyll contents? - ?Content of chlorophyll? - ?Heavy metal contents? - ?Negative correlation? - ?Photosynthetic capacity? - ?Photosynthetic pathways? - ?Photosynthetic response? - ?Resistance mechanisms
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?531 Metallurgy and Metallography? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?914.1 Accidents and Accident Prevention
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.024
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
20. Design and Experiment of Single Disc to Top Cutting Device for Carrot Combine Harvester
Accession number: 20204409408175
Title of translation:
Authors: Wang, Jinwu (1); Guan, Rui (1); Gao, Pengxiang (1); Zhou, Wenqi (1); Tang, Han (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China
Corresponding author: Tang, Han(tanghan19910102@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 73-81
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to solve the problems of high damage and low cutting rate of carrots after the top cutting in the process of carrots combined harvesting, a single disc to top cutting device was designed and its main structure and working principle was described. On the base of statistical analysis of carrot basic physical properties, the main structural parameters of the cable-stayed guide flushing to top mechanism were designed, such as the distance between the two flushing base plates, the length of flushing section and the angle of the oblique edge of the flushing base plate, etc., with which, the purpose of accurate flushing the carrot stem leaf was achieved. Taking the curve of tibia of mantis forelimb as the original form to be fit and optimized and applied to the cutting edge of the movable cuter and straight-fixed cuter of the disc to construct the mechanical model of mechanism-carrot stem leaf, through which to verify and determine the condition for efficient cutting. By kinematic analysis to set up the kinematic model of the disc cuter in the direction of moving ahead, through which, the feeding speed of the carrot and the rotating speed of the disc cuter were determined as the factors affecting the device operating performances. Taking the carrot feeding speed and the disc cuter rotating speed as the testing factor, the damage rate and cutting rate of carrot stem leaf as the testing index, the two factors and five levels quadratic orthogonal rotation combination test was carried out. The testing result was analyzed and the optimal combination of operating parameters were determined that, when the rotating speed of the conveying belt wheel was 113 r/min, the rotating speed of the cuter was 156 r/min, the top cutting device functioned the best with the damage rate and the cutting rate of carrot up to 0.53% and 95.41% respectively, and the flushing degree up to 94.10%, whose field verification testing was met well. The device was operated stably. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Combines
Controlled terms: Curve fitting? - ?Harvesters? - ?Kinematics? - ?Plates (structural components)? - ?Rotating machinery? - ?Speed? - ?Well testing
Uncontrolled terms: Combine harvesters? - ?Field verifications? - ?Kinematic Analysis? - ?Operating parameters? - ?Operating performance? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Quadratic orthogonal rotation? - ?Structural parameter
Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?601.1 Mechanical Devices? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?921.6 Numerical Methods? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 5.30e-01%, Percentage 9.41e+01%, Percentage 9.54e+01%, Rotational_Speed 1.13e+02RPM, Rotational_Speed 1.56e+02RPM
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.009
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
21. Internal Pressure Calculation Model of Roto-jet Pump Based on Cylinder Effect of Rotating Shell
Accession number: 20204409408292
Title of translation:
Authors: Huang, Qi (1); Liu, Zailun (1); Quan, Hui (1); Li, Qifei (1); Guo, Guangqiang (1); Wang, Xiaobing (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China
Corresponding author: Liu, Zailun(liuzl88@sina.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 127-134
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: As a small flow, high head and low specific speed pumps, roto-jet pumps are widely used in the liquid delivery and it has very simple construction and smooth performance curve and cheap maintainment. The pressure in the chamber increase is the result of impeller and rotating shell. It has been determined according to the impeller but ignoring cylinder effect of the rotating shell for a long time which makes the calculation of pump cavity pressure inaccurate. In order to solve this problem, a mathematical model of the roto-jet pump internal pressure was established based on cylinder effect of the rotating shell and the liquid rotation coefficient was introduced. Combining experiment with numerical calculation the liquid rotation coefficient was verified and the influencing factors were subjected to sensitivity analysis. The results showed that a mathematical model can be established to calculate the internal pressure distribution of the roto-jet pump in a theoretical way. Effect of rotating shell must be taken into account of the internal pressure. The liquid rotation coefficient of the test pump was 0.75 and the theoretical pressure value at this coefficient was in good agreement with the test value. The mathematical model was verified by an example of a double-type impeller roto-jet pump. Sensitivity analysis of factors affecting showed that the wall roughness, rotation speed and flow had a weak effect on the liquid rotation coefficient. The rotation coefficient was between 0.736 and 0.764 in the test range and the fluctuation was small, which value not exceeding 3% was considered as a fixed. Tests showed that the larger the radius of the pump chamber was, the more obvious the pressure increase caused by the shell effect was, the research results can provide an important basis for internal pressure theoretical calculation of the roto-jet pump, the design of collecting pipe and the selection of installation height of collecting pipe. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Pressure effects
Controlled terms: Calculations? - ?Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Ejectors (pumps)? - ?Factor analysis? - ?Impellers? - ?Liquids? - ?Rotation? - ?Sensitivity analysis? - ?Shells (structures)
Uncontrolled terms: Installation heights? - ?Low specific speed pumps? - ?Numerical calculation? - ?Performance curve? - ?Pressure calculation? - ?Pressure increase? - ?Research results? - ?Theoretical calculations
Classification code: 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?618.2 Pumps? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.015
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
22. Optimal Irrigation and Nitrogen Application Amounts for Spring Maize Based on Evaluation Model in Sandy Soil Area in Ningxia
Accession number: 20204409408160
Title of translation:
Authors: Yan, Fulai (1); Zhang, Fucang (1); Fan, Xingke (2); Wang, Ying (1); Hou, Xianghao (1); He, Qiong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Fucang(zhangfc@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 258-265
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The objectives were to investigate the response of yield, grain nitrogen accumulation rate, water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen partial factor productivity (PFPN) of spring maize to irrigation and nitrogen, and explore a comprehensive method for evaluating these indexes. The plot experiments were conducted with two factors of irrigation and nitrogen. There were three irrigation levels (W0.6: 0.6KcET0; W0.8: 0.8KcET0 and W1.0: KcET0, Kc was the crop coefficients, ET0 was the potential reference crops evapotranspiration) and four nitrogen levels (N150: 150 kg/hm2; N225: 225 kg/hm2; N300: 300 kg/hm2 and N375: 375 kg/hm2). The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and nitrogen application had extremely significant effects on yield, WUE and PFPN, and significant effects on shoot biomass and grain nitrogen accumulation amount. Under the same irrigation levels, the shoot biomass, yield, and WUE were increased at first, and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The average correlation coefficient of the principal component analysis, membership function analysis, grey relational grade analysis and the TOPSIS model based on combination weighting was 0.465~0.787, which had a strong correlation. The combined evaluation model based on overall difference showed that W0.8N300 had the highest score. Further comprehensive analysis, considering the uneven distribution of annual rainfall in Ningxia, the results suggested that when the sum of irrigation amount and effective rainfall was 544 mm and nitrogen application rate was 260 kg/hm2, the evaluations of comprehensive index could reach the maximum. The research provided a guidance for scientific management of water and nitrogen application for spring maize under the local drip fertigated condition in sandy soil area in Ningxia. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Nitrogen
Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Grain (agricultural product)? - ?Irrigation? - ?Membership functions? - ?Rain? - ?Sand? - ?Water management? - ?Water supply
Uncontrolled terms: Average correlation coefficients? - ?Comprehensive analysis? - ?Comprehensive indices? - ?Grey relational grade? - ?Nitrogen accumulation? - ?Nitrogen application rates? - ?Partial factor productivity? - ?Scientific management
Classification code: 443.3 Precipitation? - ?446.1 Water Supply Systems? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921 Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Size 5.44e-01m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.029
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
23. Detection on Adulterated Oil-tea Camellia Seed Oil Based on Near-infrared Spectroscopy
Accession number: 20204409408293
Title of translation:
Authors: Guo, Wenchuan (1, 2); Zhu, Dekuan (1); Zhang, Qian (1); Du, Rongyu (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 350-357
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to explore the potential of near-infrared (NIR) technology in detecting adulterated oil-tea camellia seed oil, the corn oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil and soybean oil from 12 different production areas were used as adulteration oil, and the oil-tea camellia seed oil from five different production areas were used as adulterated oil. Totally 455 adulterated oil-tea camellia seed oil samples at the adulterated mass fractions of 0, 1%, 3%, 6%, 10%, 15% and 20% were prepared. The NIR spectra of the prepared samples were obtained at the wavelength range of 833~2 500 nm. After the collected NIR spectra were pretreated by multiple scatter correction method, the samples were divided into a calibration set and a validation set according to the ratio of 2:1 by using the Kennard-Stone sample partitioning method. Furthermore, successive projections algorithm (SPA), uninformative variable elimination and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling were used to extract the characteristic wavelengths (CWs) representing the adulterated oil-tea camellia seed oil samples from the investigated whole spectra. Then the support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) classification models were established based on full spectra and extracted CWs. The results showed that the SVM model had higher true positive rates, while the RF model had better true negative rates. The established RF model based on the extracted nine CWs by using SPA had the highest recognition accuracy rate of 99.34%. Moreover, the recognition accuracy rate of the model was 94.74% for the adulterated oil-tea camellia seed oil samples whose adulterated mass fraction was 1%, and reached 100% for the adulterated oil samples whose adulterated mass fraction was equal to and greater than 3%. The research result provided basic data for the development of a portable detector for adulterated oil-tea camellia seed oil. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 30
Main heading: Oilseeds
Controlled terms: Decision trees? - ?Infrared devices? - ?Near infrared spectroscopy? - ?Petroleum industry? - ?Soybean oil? - ?Support vector machines? - ?Tea
Uncontrolled terms: Classification models? - ?Oil-tea camellia seed oil? - ?Partitioning methods? - ?Recognition accuracy? - ?Scatter correction method? - ?Successive projections algorithms (SPA)? - ?True negative rates? - ?Uninformative variable eliminations
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?804.1 Organic Compounds? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?961 Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+00%, Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.00e+02%, Percentage 1.50e+01%, Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 3.00e+00%, Percentage 6.00e+00%, Percentage 9.47e+01%, Percentage 9.93e+01%, Size 8.33e-07m to 2.50e-06m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.040
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
24. Automatic Interpretation of Winter Wheat Based on Deformable Full Convolution Neural Network
Accession number: 20204409408213
Title of translation:
Authors: Li, Xuqing (1, 2); Zhang, Qinxue (1, 2); An, Zhiyuan (1, 2); Jin, Yongtao (1, 2); Zhang, Qinhao (3); Ding, Hui (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang; 065000, China; (2) Aerospace Remote Sensing Information Processing and Application Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Langfang; 065000, China; (3) Beijing Institute of Electronic Engineering, Beijing; 100854, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 144-151
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: China is a big producer of winter wheat. Obtaining the growth and distribution of winter wheat in a timely and accurate manner can provide a strong basis for China’s agricultural policy and distribution of agricultural products. Complex geometric changes and foreign body phenomena in high-resolution remote sensing images limited the recognition ability of ground objects. The multivariate features of winter wheat were extracted from GF-2. Based on the U-Net model, a deformable full convolutional neural network (DFCNN) model was introduced into the field of automatic interpretation of remote sensing images. In order to improve the ability of the network model to extract geometric features, the idea of deformable convolution was introduced. A trainable two-dimensional offset was added to the front of each convolutional layer in the network to deform the convolution and obtain object-level semantic information. Thus, the expression of winter wheat features with different sizes and spatial distribution was enhanced, and the interference of foreign bodies in high-resolution remote sensing images was eliminated. A deformable convolution module was added to the improved full convolutional neural network model, and the data set was trained and fine-tuned to obtain the optimal network model with an accuracy rate of 98.1% and a time cost of 0.630 s. Based on FCNN model, U-Net model and random forest (RF) algorithm, the accuracy of automatic interpretation was 89.3%, 93.9% and 90.0%, respectively. The results showed that the winter wheat based on DFCNN model had the highest accuracy. Moreover, it can express complex geometric change characteristics well and had good generalization ability. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 35
Main heading: Convolutional neural networks
Controlled terms: Agricultural products? - ?Agricultural robots? - ?Complex networks? - ?Convolution? - ?Crops? - ?Decision trees? - ?Deformation? - ?Geometry? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Network layers ? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Semantics
Uncontrolled terms: Agricultural policies? - ?Convolution neural network? - ?Generalization ability? - ?Geometric feature? - ?High resolution remote sensing images? - ?Recognition abilities? - ?Remote sensing images? - ?Semantic information
Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?722 Computer Systems and Equipment? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?961 Systems Science
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 8.93e+01%, Percentage 9.00e+01%, Percentage 9.39e+01%, Percentage 9.81e+01%, Time 6.30e-01s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.017
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
25. Orchard Pedestrian Detection and Location Based on Binocular Camera and Improved YOLOv3 Algorithm
Accession number: 20204409408241
Title of translation: YOLOv3
Authors: Jing, Liang (1); Wang, Rui (1); Liu, Hui (1); Shen, Yue (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 34-39 and 25
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The accurate identification and location of obstacles in agriculturalenvironment is one of the most important technologies for intelligent agricultural machinery. Aiming at the problem that pedestrians are difficult to detect and locate accurately in the complex orchard environment, a method of pedestrian obstacle detection and location based on binocular camera and improved YOLOv3 target detection algorithm was proposed. In this method, the left and right views were collected by zed binocular camera, and the distance information of image pixels was calculated based on parallax principle. One side of the RGB image was used as the input of the improved YOLOv3 algorithm which by introduced the tree feature fusion module, and the position information of pedestrian obstacles in the image was obtained. And then the three-dimensional coordinates relative to the camera were calculated based on the pixel position information obtained by the binocular camera. Experiment carried on the open pedestrian detection dataset in orchard environment of the National Robotics Engineering Center of Carnegie Mellon University which contained different motion states (motion and static), different pose states (normal and unnormal) and different object scales (large, medium and small). Results showed that the average precision and recall rate of the improved YOLOv3 pedestrian detection model in agriculture reached 95.34% and 91.52%, respectively, which were higher than that of the original model (94.86% and 90.19%), and the detection speed was 30.26 f/ms. Meanwhile, the positioning accuracy of pedestrian obstacles was 1.65% in Z direction, and 3.80% in maximum. This method can locate pedestrian accurately and fast, providing reliable information for the obstacle avoidance of the unmanned agriculture machinery. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 21
Main heading: Image enhancement
Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Binoculars? - ?Cameras? - ?Geometrical optics? - ?Large dataset? - ?Location? - ?Object recognition? - ?Obstacle detectors? - ?Orchards? - ?Pixels ? - ?Trees (mathematics)
Uncontrolled terms: Agriculture machinery? - ?Carnegie Mellon University? - ?Distance information? - ?Pedestrian detection? - ?Pedestrian detection models? - ?Positioning accuracy? - ?Target detection algorithm? - ?Three dimensional coordinate
Classification code: 741.1 Light/Optics? - ?741.3 Optical Devices and Systems? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.65e+00%, Percentage 3.80e+00%, Percentage 9.02e+01%, Percentage 9.15e+01%, Percentage 9.49e+01%, Percentage 9.53e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.004
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
26. Transfer of Near-infrared Spectroscopy Model of Edible Oil Acid Value and Peroxidation Value
Accession number: 20204409408239
Title of translation:
Authors: Liu, Cuiling (1, 2); Liu, Haoyan (1, 2); Sun, Xiaorong (1, 2); Wu, Jingzhu (1, 2); Yang, Yufei (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Computer and Information Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing; 100048, China; (2) Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing; 100048, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 344-349
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) detection technology has been widely used in the field of edible oil quality detection due to its features of simple operation, no damage, fast detection and analysis. However, due to differences in manufacturing and testing environment, instrument aging, replacement of accessories and other factors, the spectral response of the same sample on different instruments was not completely consistent, resulting in the failure to share calibration models established by different instruments. To solve the problem of edible oil quality detection of acid value and peroxide value model transfer problem, transfer model was established by using the spectral space transformation method, which realized the calibration transfer of acid value and peroxide value between different instruments, and the slope/bias algorithm, direct standardized algorithm and piecewise direct standardization, extreme learning machine auto-encoder algorithm were compared. The VERTEX-70 Fourier near infrared spectrometer and MATRIX-F on-line process analysis Fourier spectrometer were used. Totally 125 edible oil samples were used in the experiment, VERTEX-70 was used as master instrument and MATRIX-F as slave instrument to establish the multivariate calibration model of acid value and peroxide value. The results showed that the prediction root-mean-square error of the validation set of acid value and peroxide value was reduced from 0.583 6 mg/g and 15.801 0 mmol/kg to 0.167 0 mg/g and 9.989 3 mmol/kg by using spectral space transformation method for model transfer. Obviously, spectral space transformation can be effectively applied to model transfer between edible oleic acid value and peroxidation value, so as to realize model sharing between different instruments. The problem of time and energy consumption caused by re-modeling can be avoided, which was of great significance for the application of NIRS in the rapid detection of edible oil quality. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Instrument testing
Controlled terms: Damage detection? - ?Energy utilization? - ?Infrared spectrometers? - ?Machine learning? - ?Mean square error? - ?Near infrared spectroscopy? - ?Oxidation? - ?Peroxides
Uncontrolled terms: Calibration transfer? - ?Extreme learning machine? - ?Multivariate calibration? - ?Near infrared spectrometer? - ?Oil quality detection? - ?Piecewise direct standardization? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Standardized algorithms
Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.039
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
27. Design and Test of Rail-mounted Double-row Automatic Feeding Trolley for Mink Farming
Accession number: 20204409408109
Title of translation:
Authors: Liu, Shuguang (1); Qin, Quan (2); Li, Hua (1); Yin, Baoquan (1); Nan, Songjian (1); Che, Zhongzhi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Yantai Academy, China Agricultural University, Yantai; 264670, China; (2) Shandong Meteorological Center, Ji’nan; 250031, China
Corresponding author: Che, Zhongzhi(326896856@qq.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 108-117
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In view of high labor intensity and bad labor environment in mink feeding links during the mink farming, low feeding mechanization level of mink in China at present, a kind of rail-mounted double-row automatic feeding trolley for mink farming was developed. The main structure of automatic feeding trolley was composed of the control system, running system, transporting and feeding system, feeding rack extension and retraction system. The control requirement for the integral control system during the work was analyzed, its implementation method and action process were studied, the working state fixed position transition of all motors was precisely controlled by means of photoelectric sensor and PLC, the man-machine interaction adjustment of feeding motor operating parameters was realized; the guide wheel orbit structure was designed and the feed transporting pipeline was optimized and shortened; an automatic feeding structure was designed by simulating action forms of hands and arms in manual feeding, the kinematics of mechanism was analyzed to determine the specific structure and motion parameters; an extension and retraction structure for the feeding trolley was designed, and the determination of structure parameters was carried out by means of operating conditions. The performance test results showed that the ranges of change of actual feeding quality were respectively 165~210 g, 355~427 g and 567~622 g, the stacking mass of feeding stuffs on the cage were respectively 6.53%, 3.78% and 2.74%, the leakage rate for each test was 0%, the actual feeding requirement could be met, when the speed of the feeding trolley was 0.6 m/s, preset feeding quantity was respectively 200 g, 400 g and 600 g. The feeding trolley improved the feeding efficiency, saved the labor cost, and increased the carrying capacity of the feeding trolley. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Feeding
Controlled terms: Control systems? - ?Machinery? - ?Man machine systems? - ?Wages
Uncontrolled terms: Automatic feeding? - ?Control requirements? - ?Operating condition? - ?Operating parameters? - ?Photoelectric sensors? - ?Structure and motions? - ?Structure parameter? - ?Transporting pipelines
Classification code: 691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?912.4 Personnel
Numerical data indexing: Mass 1.65e-01kg to 2.10e-01kg, Mass 2.00e-01kg, Mass 3.55e-01kg to 4.27e-01kg, Mass 4.00e-01kg, Mass 5.67e-01kg to 6.22e-01kg, Mass 6.00e-01kg, Percentage 0.00e+00%, Percentage 2.74e+00%, Percentage 3.78e+00%, Percentage 6.53e+00%, Velocity 6.00e-01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.013
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
28. Composition Change and Shelf Life Prediction Model of Probiotic Fermented Cloudy Apple Juice
Accession number: 20204409408118
Title of translation:
Authors: Gao, Zhenpeng (1, 2); Meng, Diaoqin (1, 2); Wang, Yu (1, 2); Wu, Xia (1, 2); Ren, Yaopeng (1, 2); Yue, Tianli (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Yue, Tianli(ytl6503@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 311-318
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: As the cloudy apple juice fermented by probiotics is prone to browning, precipitation and decrease in the number of viable bacteria during storage, the quality of cloudy apple juice fermented by probiotics is reduced and the shelf life is difficult to predict. Changes in various indicators during food storage are important factors in controlling product quality. In order to clarify the effect of different temperatures on the quality of fermented cloudy apple juice and predict the shelf life of fermented cloudy apple juice, the L* value, a* value, b* value and ΔE value, suspension stability, viable count, sensory score, organic acid, sugar and aroma components were measured at 4 and 25. According to Arrhenius equation, various quality index prediction models were constructed. The results showed that the b* value and ΔE value of the fermented cloudy apple juice were in accordance with the zero-order reaction at 4 and 25, and other indexes were consistent with the first-order kinetic reaction. The shelf life prediction model was established by single index. The test results showed that the error of each model was less than 10%, the degree of deviation and accuracy was no more than 1.04, which indicated that the model can predict the indexes of the storage period of fermented cloudy apple juice well; the number of viable counts was significantly correlated with other quality indicators. The relative error between the predicted value and the measured value of the shelf life model at 4 and 25 was less than 10%, which indicated that the model was reliable and reasonable, and can quickly and accurately predict the shelf life of fermented cloudy apple juice. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Predictive analytics
Controlled terms: Food storage? - ?Forecasting? - ?Fruit juices? - ?Fruits? - ?Probiotics? - ?Suspensions (fluids)
Uncontrolled terms: Aroma components? - ?Arrhenius equation? - ?Cloudy apple juice? - ?Composition changes? - ?First-order kinetic reaction? - ?Quality indicators? - ?Shelf-life prediction? - ?Suspension stability
Classification code: 804 Chemical Products Generally? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?822.1 Food Products Plants and Equipment? - ?822.3 Food Products
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.035
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
29. Spatial and Temporal Variations of Ecosystem Patterns in Northern Sand Control Barrier Belt Based on GIS and RS
Accession number: 20204409408132
Title of translation: GISRS
Authors: Su, Kai (1); Sun, Xiaoting (1); Wang, Yinran (2); Chen, Long (1); Yue, Depeng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Department of Geography, National Taiwan University, Taipei; 10617, Taiwan
Corresponding author: Yue, Depeng(yuedepeng@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 226-236
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: As a key part of the “two screens and three belts”, the northern sand control barrier belt is of great significance for strengthening construction of the barrier belt and improving the ecological environment. Based on the MODIS remote sensing images of 2005,2010 and 2015,the landscape types of the northern sand control barrier belt were divided into seven categories: forest,grassland,wetland,farmland,artificial surface, desert and bare area. Spatial statistics, transfer matrix, landscape index analysis and PNTIL model were used to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of ecosystem types in the northern sand barrier belt from 2005 to 2015. The results showed that from 2005 to 2015, the whole ecosystem of the north sand barrier belt was stable. In terms of different regions, the desert area was decreased significantly in Inner Mongolia, and the forest area in the Tarim Desert Protection Barrier was increased rapidly, while the grassland area was increased significantly in the Hexi Corridor. From the perspective of forward/reverse transformation, the positive conversion rate of farmland, town, desert and bare land ecosystems in the barrier zone was higher than the reverse conversion rate. During the past ten years, at the landscape level, the number of patches and patch density in the northern sand barriers showed a decreasing trend. At the type level, the desert landscape as a whole showed a trend of fragmentation and shrinkage. Forests and grasslands developed in the direction of simplified shapes. The results indicated that from 2005 to 2015, the ecological environment of the northern barrier zone was generally good, and the effect of sand control was obvious, but the local area was still facing great pressure. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Ecosystems
Controlled terms: Belts? - ?Farms? - ?Forestry? - ?Geographic information systems? - ?Landforms? - ?Remote sensing? - ?Sand? - ?Transfer matrix method
Uncontrolled terms: Artificial surfaces? - ?Ecological environments? - ?Effect of sand control? - ?Protection barrier? - ?Remote sensing images? - ?Spatial and temporal variation? - ?Spatial statistics? - ?Temporal and spatial evolutions
Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems? - ?481.1 Geology? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?602.1 Mechanical Drives? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?903.3 Information Retrieval and Use? - ?921 Mathematics
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.026
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
30. Gold Nanoparticles Colorimetric Detection Based on Aptamer for 17β-estradiol in Milk and Eggs
Accession number: 20204409408263
Title of translation:
Authors: Wang, Xin (1); Sun, Hanying (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai; 200093, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 319-328
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: As a typical estrogen, 17β-estradiol can easily affect human health through accumulation in animal food. Therefore, the establishment of a simple and sensitive technique for rapid analysis of 17β-estradiol is of great practical significance. On the basis of the gold nanoparticles colorimetric analysis, a gold nanoparticles colorimetric detection method for 17β-estradiol based on aptamer was designed, using the 17β-estradiol aptamer as the sensing probe. The test conditions were also optimized, and the feasibility of this method for the detection of 17β-estradiol in milk and eggs was analyzed. Under the optimized conditions, the A650/A530 of water system showed a good linear correlation with the concentration of 17β-estradiol (R2=0.915) with a linear range from 0.25 nmol/L to 0.60 nmol/L, and the detection limit was 0.233 nmol/L. The proposed method also illustrated an excellent specificity to 17β-estradiol, when the ratio of gold nanoparticles to aptamer was 1:11 000 which were incubated at room temperature for 30 min, and under the condition of 24 mmol/L NaCl. The method can also be applied successfully for the detection of 17β-estradiol in milk and egg samples. The linear range were 0.5~0.8 nmol/L (milk) and 0.3~0.9 nmol/L(eggs) with the detection limit of 0.183 nmol/L and 0.185 nmol/L, respectively. The recovery were 101.6%~105.4% (milk) and 97.97%~115.30% (eggs), respectively. Meanwhile, the relative standard deviation was less than 6%. With the advantage of higher sensitivity and specificity, the simple and practical method can provide a way for the rapid detection of 17β-estradiol in milk and egg samples. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 34
Main heading: Gold nanoparticles
Controlled terms: Color? - ?Colorimetric analysis? - ?Colorimetry? - ?Dairies? - ?Fiber optic sensors? - ?Metal nanoparticles? - ?Sodium chloride
Uncontrolled terms: Colorimetric detection? - ?Detection limits? - ?Linear correlation? - ?Optimized conditions? - ?Practical method? - ?Relative standard deviations? - ?Sensitive techniques? - ?Sensitivity and specificity
Classification code: 741.1 Light/Optics? - ?741.1.2 Fiber Optics? - ?761 Nanotechnology? - ?801 Chemistry? - ?822.1 Food Products Plants and Equipment? - ?941.4 Optical Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Molar_Concentration 1.83e-07mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 1.85e-07mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 2.33e-07mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 2.40e+01mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 2.50e-07mol/m3 to 6.00e-07mol/m3, Molar_Concentration 5.00e-07mol/m3 to 8.00e-07mol/m3, Percentage 6.00e+00%, Time 1.80e+03s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.036
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
31. Agricultural Machinery Automatic Navigation Control System Based on Improved Pure Tracking Model
Accession number: 20204409408166
Title of translation:
Authors: Zhang, Huaqiang (1, 2); Wang, Guodong (1); Lü, Yunfei (1); Qin, Changli (1); Liu, Lin (1); Gong, Jinliang (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Shangdong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China; (2) Academy of Ecological Unmanned Farm, Shangdong University of Technology, Zibo; 255049, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 18-25
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to improve the accuracy of driving straight when agricultural machinery works, an agricultural machinery path tracking algorithm based on an improved pure tracking model was designed. The linear tracking method of agricultural machinery was studied, which was based on the establishment of agricultural machinery kinematics model and pure tracking model. Aiming at the problem that GPS navigation accuracy was susceptible to noise interference, the Kalman filter was used to smooth the heading error and the lateral error so that higher accuracy heading and lateral errors can be obtained. In order to improve the adaptive ability of the pure tracking model, a fitness function was constructed based on the root mean square error of the lateral error and the heading error, and a weight function was designed, and the lateral error was used as the main decision parameter to determine the forward view in the pure tracking model in real time distance. In order to reduce the calculation time of the particle swarm, which the local search of the particle swarm can be performed as soon as possible, the inertia weight coefficient in the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was improved. When conducting field planting trials, an automatic navigation control system for agricultural machinery was designed where Dongfanghong 1104-C was used as the experimental platform. Seeding experiment proved that: when the path tracking algorithm based on improved pure tracking model was adopted, the agricultural machinery travel speed was 0.7 m/s, the maximum lateral error of the linear tracking was 0.09 m; when the driving distance exceeded 5 m, the maximum lateral error was 0.02 m. The proposed improved pure tracking model had good applicability to the automatic navigation control of agricultural machinery, which can effectively improve the straight-line driving accuracy during agricultural machinery operation. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Agriculture
Controlled terms: Agricultural machinery? - ?Agricultural robots? - ?Control systems? - ?Errors? - ?Mean square error? - ?Navigation? - ?Particle swarm optimization (PSO)? - ?Tracking (position)
Uncontrolled terms: Automatic navigation? - ?Decision parameters? - ?Experimental platform? - ?Kinematics modeling? - ?Noise interference? - ?Particle swarm optimization algorithm? - ?Root mean square errors? - ?Straight-line driving
Classification code: 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?821.1 Agricultural Machinery and Equipment? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Size 2.00e-02m, Size 5.00e+00m, Velocity 7.00e-01m/s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.002
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
32. Design and Experiment of Multi-mode Hydraulic Steering System of High Clearance Self-propelled Sprayer
Accession number: 20204409408299
Title of translation:
Authors: Hu, Kai (1); Zhang, Wenyi (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Nanjing Research Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing; 210014, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Wenyi(zwy-yxkj@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 366-373
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: A multi-mode hydraulic steering system based on PID control algorithm was designed to improve the maneuverability and efficiency of high clearance sprayer. The new technical scheme of the hydraulic system was proposed. The coupling model of mechanical-hydraulic system was established in AMESim software, and the optimal combination of PID parameters was determined by sequential quadratic combination optimization algorithm. And then the control precision of the system was simulated under different load force and load mass. The simulation results showed that the controlling precision was superior when the proportional coefficient was 19.087, the integral time constant was 2.008, and the differential time constant was 0.032. When the loading force difference or the load mass of the front and rear hydraulic cylinders was increased, the displacement error was increased, and the maximum error was only -2.18 mm, which meant that the PID control algorithm and pressure compensation system can ensure the control accuracy. The multi-mode hydraulic steering system was developed for sloping road and field experiment. For the field experiment, the average displacement error between steering cylinders of front and rear wheels was 4.07 mm, and the maximum displacement error was -17.59 mm. For the sloping road experiment, the average displacement error between steering hydraulic cylinders of front and rear wheels was 4.89 mm, and the maximum displacement error was 21.34 mm. The measured value of steering radius at different steering angles was a little greater than the theoretical value for both steering modes and the error rate was less than 4.0%. The experimental results showed that the designed steering system had superior control accuracy and stability. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Error compensation
Controlled terms: Cylinders (shapes)? - ?Hydraulic equipment? - ?Mechanical actuators? - ?Proportional control systems? - ?Roads and streets? - ?Three term control systems? - ?Wheels
Uncontrolled terms: Combination optimization? - ?Coupling modeling? - ?Displacement errors? - ?Hydraulic cylinders? - ?Maximum displacement? - ?Optimal combination? - ?Pressure compensation systems? - ?Theoretical values
Classification code: 406.2 Roads and Streets? - ?601.2 Machine Components? - ?632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?732.1 Control Equipment
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 4.00e+00%, Size -1.76e-02m, Size -2.18e-03m, Size 2.13e-02m, Size 4.07e-03m, Size 4.89e-03m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.042
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
33. Transient Gas-liquid Flow in Helical Axial Pump Diffuser and Its DMD Analysis
Accession number: 20204409408272
Title of translation: DMD
Authors: Zhang, Renhui (1, 2); Wang, Shaohua (1); Osman, Juma S A (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou; 730050, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 118-126
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to analyze the unsteady characteristics of helical axial pump, numerical simulation of unsteady gas-liquid two phase flow in helical axial pump was carried out, and the flow field distributions of different blade heights at different flow rates were obtained. Dynamic modal decomposition (DMD) was used to decompose the transient velocity field under the condition of flow rate of 100 m3/h and gas content of 30%. The first four major modes and their corresponding frequency information were obtained which can reflect the main flow characteristics. The characteristics of flow field in diffuser can be divided into dissipative modal, basic static modal and high order dynamic modal. The dissipative modal attenuated gradually with time and had little influence on the development of the flow field. The basic mode was the steady-state characteristic with a frequency of 0, which reflected the characteristics of steady state flow field caused by flow passage. The order three and order four dynamic modes reflected the rotor-stator interaction between impeller and diffuser. It gradually dissipated in the process of continuous downstream development of diffuser, and the effect of rotor-stator interaction on downstream flow of guide blade was small. The main modal field characteristics and frequency information were obtained by decomposing the phase field. The characteristics of the basic static modal field showed that on a section with a large guide blade height, the higher the velocity was, the lower the gas content was. The dynamic modal characteristics of the phase field were basically consistent with those of the velocity field. The DMD method can clearly analyze the complex transient flow characteristics in the guide vane of helical axial pump. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 28
Main heading: Two phase flow
Controlled terms: Axial flow? - ?Decomposition? - ?Diffusers (fluid)? - ?Flow fields? - ?Modal analysis? - ?Pumps? - ?Stators? - ?Velocity
Uncontrolled terms: Characteristics of flow fields? - ?Flow field distribution? - ?Gas - liquid two-phase flows? - ?Rotor-stator interactions? - ?Steady state characteristics? - ?Steady-state flow field? - ?Transient flow characteristics? - ?Unsteady characteristics
Classification code: 618.2 Pumps? - ?631.1 Fluid Flow, General? - ?705.1 Electric Machinery, General? - ?802.2 Chemical Reactions? - ?921 Mathematics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 3.00e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.014
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
34. Prediction of Top Soil Layer Bulk Density Based on Image Processing and Gradient Boosting Regression Tree Model
Accession number: 20204409408179
Title of translation: GBRT
Authors: Yang, Wei (1); Lan, Hong (1); Li, Minzan (1); Meng, Chao (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Li, Minzan(limz@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 193-200
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming at the time-consuming and labor-intensive problem of traditional soil bulk density measurement of topsoil, using easily available soil physical parameters to accurately and quickly predict the bulk density of topsoil in farmland. By analyzing the relationship between soil bulk density of topsoil layer and surface roughness and resistance of soil, a gradient boosting regression tree (GBRT) model with input of surface roughness and resistance of soil was constructed. The roughness of soil surface was obtained using image processing techniques. Using homomorphic filtering technology to preprocess the surface image of soil, extract the entropy, average, variance, skewness and kurtosis of the image gray histogram to characterize the texture feature parameters of image, extract the energy, entropy, contrast and inverse variance characterize the regional characteristic parameters of the image. The soil resistance was obtained using a laboratory vehicle-mounted resistance measurement system. Using gray correlation analysis, from nine characteristic parameters that characterizing the roughness of soil surface and soil resistance, the variables with bulk density of topsoil greater than 0.65 were selected as the model input. The prediction results of the GBRT model were the same as those obtained by the ring knife method. As a result of correlation analysis, the determination coefficient R2 reached 0.878 2, and the average absolute error reached 0.021 g/cm3. At the same time, under the same input parameters and computing environment, compared with the prediction accuracy and operation speed of the BPNN and SVR models, it was verified that the GBRT model had better prediction accuracy and shorter operation time. The research results can provide ideas for obtaining the bulk density of topsoil and provide theoretical support for scientific and rapid guidance of farmland. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Image processing
Controlled terms: Correlation methods? - ?Electric resistance measurement? - ?Entropy? - ?Farms? - ?Forecasting? - ?Forestry? - ?Higher order statistics? - ?Inverse problems? - ?Parameter estimation? - ?Soil surveys ? - ?Soils? - ?Surface roughness? - ?Textures
Uncontrolled terms: Average absolute error? - ?Computing environments? - ?Determination coefficients? - ?Gray correlation analysis? - ?Image processing technique? - ?Regional characteristics? - ?Resistance measurement? - ?Soil physical parameters
Classification code: 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics? - ?931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids? - ?942.2 Electric Variables Measurements
Numerical data indexing: Mass_Density 2.10e+01kg/m3
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.022
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
35. Analysis and Test of Obstacle Negotiation Performance of Small Hillside Crawler Tractor during Climbing Process
Accession number: 20204409408187
Title of translation:
Authors: Pan, Guanting (1, 2); Yang, Fuzeng (1, 2); Sun, Jingbin (1, 2); Liu, Zhijie (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China; (2) Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agricultural Equipment for the Northern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling; Shaanxi; 712100, China
Corresponding author: Yang, Fuzeng(yfz0701@163.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 374-383
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The small hillside crawler tractors (abbreviated as SHCT) often encounter obstacles such as steps, masonry, and ridges when driving in the field, which seriously affects the passability and driving stability, and may even cause safety problems such as side slip and overturn. In order to solve this problem, the movement process of the SHCT climbing over the step was analyzed, and the mathematical model of the maximum obstacle clearance height was established. Its value was used as the evaluation index of the obstacle negotiation performance of the SHCT. Then, orthogonal and single variable simulation tests were carried out by using RecurDyn. The results indicated that the slope angle, the tractor speed and the centroid position significantly affected the maximum obstacle clearance height; and increasing the tractor speed and decreasing both the slope angle and the center height can improve the obstacle negotiation performance. Finally, a test using a self-developed 18HP SHCT for the obstacle negotiation performance was conducted. The test results showed that when the speed was 1.6 km/h and the slope angle was less than 15°, the test results were basically consistent with the theoretical calculation and the simulation results. The most relative errors of the theoretical calculation and simulation were 5.17% and 6.47%, respectively; while the slope angle was larger than 15°, the minimum relative errors were 13.25% and 19.21%, respectively. The results showed that the mathematical model and simulation model of the SHCT were both effective when the slope angle was small. It could provide a theoretical reference for the safety analysis for obstacle negotiation, structural improvements and farmland using of the SHCT on the slopes less than 15°. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 33
Main heading: Automobile testing
Controlled terms: Tractors (agricultural)? - ?Tractors (truck)
Uncontrolled terms: Driving stability? - ?Evaluation index? - ?Mathematical modeling and simulation? - ?Obstacle clearance? - ?Obstacle negotiation? - ?Simulation tests? - ?Structural improvements? - ?Theoretical calculations
Classification code: 662 Automobiles and Smaller Vehicles? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles
Numerical data indexing: Velocity 4.44e-01m/s, Percentage 1.32e+01%, Percentage 1.92e+01%, Percentage 5.17e+00%, Percentage 6.47e+00%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.043
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
36. Shannon-Cosine Wavelet Precise Integration Denoising Method for Locust Slice Image
Accession number: 20204409408304
Title of translation: Shannon-Cosine
Authors: Li, Li (1); Zhu, Leiping (1); Mei, Shuli (1)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Mei, Shuli(meishuli@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 186-192
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Micro-slice images collected under a microscope usually have both Gaussian noise and pepper and salt noise. Shannon-Cosine wavelet with interpolation, smoothness, compact support and normalization characteristics was used to construct multi-scale interpolation wavelet operators, and then a wavelet precise integration method for removing mixed noise in images was constructed. And the pepper and salt noise in the micro-slice image was directly eliminated by setting the sparse representation threshold; Shannon-Cosine wavelet sparse expressions of images were brought directly into the image noise reduction P-M model, and then this model was transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations and solved it directly by using the precise integration method, which can achieve edge preservation and noise reduction, and eliminate Gaussian noise in the image. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can preserve various texture structures in locust slice images under the condition of satisfying the requirements of noise reduction. As the variance of Gaussian noise was increased from 0.02 to 0.10, the PSNR value of the denoised image was decreased by 11.67%, which was much lower than that of the other methods. This showed that the method proposed had strong robustness when processing locust slice images. When the image Shannon-Cosine wavelet sparse representation method proposed was used to describe the locust slice image, the number of characteristic pixels only accounted for about 10% of the total number of image pixels, which effectively reduced the scale of the problem and improved the solution efficiency. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Image denoising
Controlled terms: Gaussian distribution? - ?Gaussian noise (electronic)? - ?Image enhancement? - ?Integration? - ?Interpolation? - ?Noise abatement? - ?Nonlinear equations? - ?Ordinary differential equations? - ?Pixels? - ?Textures ? - ?Wavelet analysis
Uncontrolled terms: Edge preservations? - ?Image noise reduction? - ?Nonlinear ordinary differential equation? - ?Normalization characteristic? - ?Precise integration? - ?Precise integration method? - ?Sparse representation? - ?Texture structure
Classification code: 716.1 Information Theory and Signal Processing? - ?751.4 Acoustic Noise? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?922.1 Probability Theory
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 1.00e+01%, Percentage 1.17e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.021
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
37. Module Partition Method Considering Influence of Indirect Connection between Components
Accession number: 20204409408229
Title of translation:
Authors: Wang, Qirui (1); Mao, Hanping (1, 2); Li, Qinglin (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang; 212013, China; (2) High-tech Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment and Intelligentization of Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang; 212013, China
Corresponding author: Mao, Hanping(maohp@ujs.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 418-426
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Agricultural machinery equipment research and development usually has problems such as long research and development cycle, low efficiency and poor product reliability. The modular product architecture can shorten the research and development cycle, improve research and development efficiency and product reliability, and effectively solve the contradiction between large-scale production and diverse customer needs. To solve the problem that the existing module division methods ignored the influence of indirect connection between components on the module division, which resulted in the loss of important design dependency information, a node similarity model was established based on capacitance analogy method, the joint effect of direct and indirect connection between components was quantified, and the accurate module division was realized. Firstly, the interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy set was used to analyze the comprehensive correlation between components, and the comprehensive correlation autocorrelation matrix was mapped to a complex network. Then, a node similarity model based on the capacitance analogy method was established, and the similarity model was used as a central measure to propose a network hierarchical clustering (NHC) algorithm, which realized the discovery of complex network communities. Finally, the effectiveness of the NHC algorithm was verified by dividing the threshing device module of the combine harvester. The average modularity of the division scheme obtained by the NHC algorithm was 24.6% higher than that of the improved GN algorithm, and it was more reasonable to obtain the product structure tree than the improved GN algorithm. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 31
Main heading: Clustering algorithms
Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Agriculture? - ?Capacitance? - ?Complex networks? - ?Efficiency? - ?Fuzzy sets? - ?Hierarchical clustering? - ?Trees (mathematics)
Uncontrolled terms: Autocorrelation matrix? - ?Dependency informations? - ?Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets? - ?Large scale productions? - ?Modular product architectures? - ?Module partition methods? - ?Product structure trees? - ?Research and development
Classification code: 701.1 Electricity: Basic Concepts and Phenomena? - ?722 Computer Systems and Equipment? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?903.1 Information Sources and Analysis? - ?913.1 Production Engineering? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.46e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.048
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
38. Effect of Topography on Crop Growth in Black Soil Area
Accession number: 20204409408123
Title of translation:
Authors: Liu, Huanjun (1, 2); Bao, Yilin (1); Meng, Xiangtian (1); Xu, Mengyuan (3); Qian, Lei (1); Zhang, Xinle (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Pubilc Adminstration and Law, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin; 150030, China; (2) Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun; 130012, China; (3) College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100094, China
Corresponding author: Zhang, Xinle(xinlezhang@yeah.net)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 274-283
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming to reveal the differentiation of crop growth and water and fertilizer migration by topography,and explore the relationship between crop growth and slope type change in field scale,a cooperative in typical black soil area of Northeast China was selected as the study area to extract high precision digital elevation model (DEM) and normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) information along the north and south ridges. The spatial variability of NDVI was analyzed by constructing terrain index. The results showed that the more obvious the degree of terrain protruding and concave was,the greater the spatial variability of NDVI was. The NDVI spatial variability of the same slope type was negatively correlated with the degree of protruding and concave of the slope type,and the crop growth was good and the spatial variability was low within the slope of ±0.03,and the spatial variability was low. The line scale and slope length were above 0.04, which explained the spatial variability of soybean NDVI of 0.965 2(R2) and sorghum NDVI of 0.888 3(R2). There were significant differences between topography and soil-forming parent material in different geographical space. Through the analysis between crop growth and topographic conditions in the study area,it provided important reference significance for the analysis of field scale topography,and it can guide farmers to allocate resources reasonably,which had strong practicability. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Topography
Controlled terms: Crops? - ?Forestry? - ?Soils? - ?Surveying
Uncontrolled terms: Digital elevation model? - ?High-precision? - ?Normalized differential vegetation indices? - ?Northeast China? - ?Parent materials? - ?Slope length? - ?Spatial variability? - ?Topographic conditions
Classification code: 405.3 Surveying? - ?483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?951 Materials Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.031
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
39. Research Progress Analysis of Robotics Selective Harvesting Technologies
Accession number: 20204409408224
Title of translation:
Authors: Yuan, Jin (1, 2, 3)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an; 271018, China; (2) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment, Tai’an; 271018, China; (3) Shandong Agricultural Equipment Intelligent Engineering Laboratory, Tai’an; 271018, China
Corresponding author: Yuan, Jin(jyuan@sdau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 1-17
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The maturity of fresh fruits and vegetables is inconsistent, requiring selective harvesting based on indicators such as color and size, which consumes the most labor and becomes a bottleneck affecting the development of the fruit and vegetable industry. Selective harvesting technology (SHT) is an important research field of agricultural robots, which can reduce labor costs and increase fruit and vegetable profits, and has become an important direction for the development of fruit and vegetable harvesting technology in the world. The SHT of fresh fruits and vegetables, including the representative underground parts such as white asparagus and the representative aerial parts such as apples, strawberries, tomatoes, has accelerated iteratively and has become a research hotspot of agricultural robots in recent years. It focused on the development of SHT with market-oriented prospects in the past three years, and sorted out the implementation path, application objects and development context of technology research and development. It focused on the common key issues of end effector and harvesting mechanism, harvesting target recognition and positioning technology, and selective harvesting collaborative control technology, and summarized the open problem of technical research in this field. Finally, it summarized the challenges and opportunities faced by SHT. Aiming at the application scenarios of dehumanized or unmanned fruit and vegetable production, it pointed out that the future development of the industry and the implementation of technology needed to be balanced. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 116
Main heading: Agricultural robots
Controlled terms: Antennas? - ?Fruits? - ?Harvesting? - ?Robotics? - ?Robots? - ?Vegetables? - ?Wages
Uncontrolled terms: Application objects? - ?Application scenario? - ?Collaborative control? - ?Fruit and vegetables? - ?Positioning technologies? - ?Selective harvesting? - ?Target recognition? - ?Technology research
Classification code: 731.5 Robotics? - ?821.3 Agricultural Methods? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?912.4 Personnel
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.001
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
40. Real-time Path Tracking of Mobile Robot Based on Nonlinear Model Predictive Control
Accession number: 20204409408247
Title of translation:
Authors: Bai, Guoxing (1); Liu, Li (1); Meng, Yu (1); Liu, Siyan (2); Liu, Li (1); Luo, Weidong (1)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Jilin Academy of Agricultural Machinery, Changchun; 130021, China
Corresponding author: Meng, Yu(myu@ustb.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 47-52 and 60
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The application of model predictive control in the path tracking control of mobile robots is increasingly widespread, and the real-time performance of controllers is gradually being noticed. At present, the common real-time optimization scheme is a linearizing prediction model scheme, which converts the nonlinear model predictive control into the linear time-varying model predictive control. However, the linearizing prediction model scheme will weaken the ability of the controller to respond to sudden changes in the curvature and heading of the reference path. Therefore, from the nonlinear model predictive control, two real-time optimization schemes were proposed, namely reducing the number of control steps or reducing the control frequency. In the results of simulation and experiment, in each control period, the calculation time of the nonlinear model predictive controller, which was optimized by reducing the number of control steps or reducing the control frequency, was shorter than the control period. At the same time, it can be known from the simulation and experiment that the scheme of reducing the number of control steps had smaller displacement errors and heading errors than the scheme of reducing the control frequency or the linearizing prediction model. That was, adopting the scheme of reducing the number of control steps can better ensure the control accuracy when tracking the reference path which with rapid changes in curvature and heading. Therefore, the scheme of reducing the number of control steps was more suitable than other real-time optimization schemes, for mobile equipment such as agricultural robots that require higher flexibility. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 26
Main heading: Model predictive control
Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Controllers? - ?Forecasting? - ?Mobile robots? - ?Nonlinear systems? - ?Predictive analytics? - ?Predictive control systems
Uncontrolled terms: Control frequency? - ?Displacement errors? - ?Linear time varying models? - ?Mobile equipments? - ?Nonlinear model predictive control? - ?Path tracking control? - ?Real time performance? - ?Real-time optimization
Classification code: 731.1 Control Systems? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?732.1 Control Equipment? - ?961 Systems Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.006
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
41. Suppression of Unloading Pressure Shock in Load Sensitive System of Constant Displacement Pump
Accession number: 20204409408322
Title of translation:
Authors: Zhao, Xiaolong (1, 2); Zhao, Dingxuan (1, 2); Wang, Jiantao (2, 3); Chen, Xiafei (1, 2); Yang, Haoren (1, 2); Tang, Hailong (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Special Carrier Equipment of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China; (3) School of Vehicle and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Dingxuan(zdx-yw@ysu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 408-417 and 407
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: The load sensitive system of constant displacement pump is prone to pressure shock when unloading rapidly, which is harmful to the reliability and life of the system. As the three-way pressure compensation valve is the key pressure regulating element in the load sensitive system of constant displacement pump, the three-way pressure compensation valve was studied to find the suppression scheme of the system unloading pressure shock. Firstly, the power bond graph model of the system was built, and the state equation of the system were deduced. Then the dynamic simulation model of Matlab was established according to the state equation. After that, the correctness of the simulation model was verified by the simulation and test analysis of unloading pressure shock. The influences of the damping of pressure chamber, diameter of valve core, damping of Ls chamber and the cone angle of valve port on unloading pressure shock were analyzed by using the simulation model. Finally, based on the structure optimization of three-way pressure compensation valve, a new type of three-way pressure compensation valve with double valve ports was proposed, and it was verified that the valve could effectively suppress the unloading pressure shock. The simulation and experimental results showed that the new valve could effectively suppress the unloading pressure shock, and the optimized system reduced the unloading pressure shock by 89% compared with the original system, at the same time, it also reduced the unloading pressure by 20%, further realizing the energy saving. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Unloading
Controlled terms: Damping? - ?Energy conservation? - ?Equations of state? - ?Graph theory? - ?MATLAB? - ?Pumps? - ?Structural optimization
Uncontrolled terms: Displacement pumps? - ?Optimized system? - ?Original systems? - ?Power bond graphs? - ?Pressure chamber? - ?Pressure compensation? - ?Simulation model? - ?Structure optimization
Classification code: 525.2 Energy Conservation? - ?618.2 Pumps? - ?691.2 Materials Handling Methods? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 2.00e+01%, Percentage 8.90e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.047
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
42. Adaptive Guidance Control Method with Sideslip Estimation for Land Leveler Pulling by Tractor
Accession number: 20204409408131
Title of translation:
Authors: Jing, Yunpeng (1, 2); Liu, Gang (1, 2); Jin, Zhikun (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Liu, Gang(pac@cau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 26-33
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Sideslip phenomenon often occur when land leveler works in farmland environment, in order to reduce the influence of sideslip angle on path tracking accuracy, an adaptive guidance control method with sideslip estimation for land leveler pulling by tractor was proposed. According to the position relationship between forklift and tractor, the kinematic model of land leveler was established. A sideslip estimator based on the kinematic model was designed, which could predict the wheel slip angle due to sideslip during navigation control. Moreover, the front wheel angle control rate considering sideslip effect of tractor was calculated. Finally, an improved nonlinear function construction method was adopted to adjust the parameters of PID controller KP, KI and KD in real time to realize the adaptive control of the farmland leveler. The results of fields test showed that the path tracking mean absolute lateral of the leveling shovel in this method was reduced by 6.78 cm, and the standard lateral of the leveling shovel in this method was reduced by 10.1 cm. Compared with the navigation control method with no sideslip estimation and parameters adaptive, this method can improve the path tracking accuracy and the adaptability and robustness of the navigation control system for the farmland leveler. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Adaptive control systems
Controlled terms: Electronic guidance systems? - ?Farms? - ?Kinematics? - ?Navigation? - ?Shovels? - ?Three term control systems? - ?Tractors (agricultural)? - ?Tractors (truck)? - ?Wheels
Uncontrolled terms: Adaptive Control? - ?Adaptive guidance? - ?Front wheel angles? - ?Kinematic model? - ?Navigation control systems? - ?Navigation controls? - ?Nonlinear functions? - ?Parameters adaptive
Classification code: 601.2 Machine Components? - ?663.1 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles? - ?731.1 Control Systems? - ?821 Agricultural Equipment and Methods; Vegetation and Pest Control? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Size 1.01e-01m, Size 6.78e-02m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.003
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
43. Design and Analysis of Tetrahedral Deployable Mechanical Arm
Accession number: 20204409408128
Title of translation:
Authors: Guo, Jinwei (1); Xu, Yundou (1, 2); Zhang, Guoxing (1); Yao, Jiantao (1, 2); Zhao, Yongsheng (1, 2)
Author affiliation: (1) Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System Laboratory of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China; (2) Key Laboratory of Advanced Forgingand Stamping Technology and Science, Ministry of Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao; 066004, China
Corresponding author: Zhao, Yongsheng(yszhao@ysu.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 384-389
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: In order to meet the application requirements of deployable mechanism in agricultural machinery, aerospace and other fields, a deployable mechanism based on tetrahedral unit was proposed to solve the problems of low folding rate and unadjustable orientation of some existing mechanical arms. Firstly, a single degree of freedom (DOF) tetrahedral unit mechanism was introduced, which had good expansibility and high rigidity. Based on the screw theory, the DOF of tetrahedral unit was analyzed. Secondly, a multiple DOFs deployable mechanical arm mechanism was constructed by combining several tetrahedral units. Taking the deployable mechanical arm mechanism composed of two tetrahedral units as an example, the position, orientation and speed of each node were solved based on geometric method, and the motion law of the mechanism was obtained. Then, the theoretical analysis results were verified by ADAMS simulation analysis, and the theoretical values of the position and velocity of the end node were highly consistent with the simulation values. Furthermore, the statics and modal analysis were carried out by using Workbench simulation software to demonstrate the high rigidity and stability of the deployable mechanical arm mechanism. Finally, a prototype of machining and assembly principle was built and the deployable experiment was completed. The results showed that the deployable mechanical arm based on tetrahedral unit had the characteristics of multiple DOFs, adjustable orientation and large folding rate. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Mechanisms
Controlled terms: Agricultural robots? - ?Computer software? - ?Degrees of freedom (mechanics)? - ?Modal analysis? - ?Rigidity
Uncontrolled terms: Adams simulation? - ?Application requirements? - ?Deployable mechanisms? - ?Design and analysis? - ?Geometric method? - ?Simulation software? - ?Single degree of freedoms? - ?Theoretical values
Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms? - ?723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications? - ?921 Mathematics? - ?931.1 Mechanics? - ?951 Materials Science
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.044
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
44. Effect of Temperature on Cavitation Shape in Hydraulic Conical Throttle Valve
Accession number: 20204409408274
Title of translation:
Authors: Zhang, Jian (1); Qi, Naiming (2); Jiang, Jihai (3); Sun, Jianwei (4)
Author affiliation: (1) Space Environment Simulation Research Infrastructure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150080, China; (2) School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150001, China; (3) School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin; 150080, China; (4) School of Light Industry, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin; 150028, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 390-396
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the hydraulic conical throttle valve is easy to produce cavitation and has the characteristics of large temperature rise of throttle, and the influence of temperature effect on the development and change of cavitation can not be ignored, an experimental study was made on the influence of temperature effect on the cavitation shape in the conical throttle valve. The cavitation test system of conical throttle valve was built. In order to observe the cavitation of conical throttle valve conveniently, the experimental conical throttle valve was made of plexiglass, and the cavitation shape was collected by high-speed camera. Different temperature and pressure conditions were set up in the experiment. According to the acquired bubble images, it was determined that the initial bubble radius of the conical throttle valve was about 30 μm. The increase of temperature would make the cavitation develop more fully. At the same time, the increase of temperature would reduce the restriction of hydraulic oil on the micro-nucleus. The number of bubbles produced was more and the cavitation was more obvious, and the cavitation in the conical throttle valve was obtained. At low strength, it was flaky cavitation, and with the increase of cavitation strength, it would be changed into cloud-like cavitation. To sum up, temperature had a very obvious effect on cavitation. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 22
Main heading: Cavitation
Controlled terms: High speed cameras? - ?Temperature
Uncontrolled terms: Bubble radius? - ?Effect of temperature? - ?Hydraulic oil? - ?Temperature and pressures? - ?Temperature rise? - ?Test systems? - ?Throttle valve
Classification code: 631.1.1 Liquid Dynamics? - ?641.1 Thermodynamics? - ?742.2 Photographic Equipment
Numerical data indexing: Size 3.00e-05m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.045
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
45. Landscape Pattern Optimization of Wengniute Banner Based on Optimal Granularity
Accession number: 20204409408135
Title of translation:
Authors: Hu, Yahui (1); Yu, Qiang (1); Yue, Depeng (1); Wang, Pengchong (1); Pei, Yanru (1); Niu, Teng (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing; 100083, China
Corresponding author: Yue, Depeng(yuedepeng@126.com)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 217-225
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Taking Wengniute Banner of Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia as a research area, the landscape pattern index with different granularities was calculated, and 3 200 m was identified as the optimal granularity based on granularity inverse method and principal component analysis. According to the optimal granular landscape features, totally 51 ecological sources were selected. Combined with the regional characteristics, the ecological resistance surface was constructed, and 49 potential ecological corridors and 58 ecological nodes were extracted. Then, the density analysis of corridors and nodes was carried out. The results showed that there were significant differences in the ecological conditions of Wengniute Banner between the east and the west. The mid-low-mountain hilly areas in the west included three high-node-density areas, which need to be protected and constructed, and the source areas and corridors were concentrated. The sand plains in the eastern plain were widely distributed, and the source areas and corridors were scattered. The energy circulation mainly depended on the Silam River and Laoha River, and the ecological structure was poorly connected. Taking landscape connectivity and scale effects into consideration, the ecological sources were extracted based on the optimal granularity, which was more scientific and objective than traditional methods. The results would provide an objective and effective basis for regional landscape pattern optimization. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 29
Main heading: Ecology
Controlled terms: Inverse problems
Uncontrolled terms: Different granularities? - ?Ecological conditions? - ?Ecological structure? - ?Landscape connectivities? - ?Landscape feature? - ?Landscape pattern indices? - ?Regional characteristics? - ?Regional landscapes
Classification code: 454.3 Ecology and Ecosystems
Numerical data indexing: Size 3.20e+03m
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.025
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
46. Design and Test of Passive Cold Storage Temperature Control Box
Accession number: 20204409408323
Title of translation:
Authors: Li, Bin (1); Shen, Hao (1); Guo, Jiaming (1); Wei, Xinyu (1); Lü, Enli (1); Yuan, Jiangtao (2)
Author affiliation: (1) College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou; 510642, China; (2) Guangzhou Hicool Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou; 510620, China
Corresponding author: Lü, Enli(enlilv@scau.edu.cn)
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 358-365
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low informatization, short heat preservation time, and difficult temperature control of cold storage transport boxes, a cold storage transport box integrating functions of temperature control, remote monitoring, positioning and fault diagnosis was designed. Taking navel orange as the test object, combined with the energy consumption model, the temperature control performance of the cold storage temperature control box was studied. The results showed that the temperature field non-uniformity coefficient of each section in the box was 0.38, 0.47 and 0.78, the maximum temperature difference was 2.8, and the uniformity was good; when the amount of cold storage agent was 180 kg and the pre-cooled navel orange was 660 kg, under the condition of an average external temperature of 26.39, the total temperature control duration was 122 h. the fan performed temperature control 21 times in total, and as the amount of cold storage was decreased, the time it took for the fan to turn on and control the temperature was increased exponentially, with determination coefficient no less than 0.928 0. Combined with the analysis of energy consumption model, it was concluded that the cabinet can be controlled for more than 5 days under the high temperature environment of Guangzhou in summer, which can meet the requirements of long-distance transportation. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 30
Main heading: Temperature control
Controlled terms: Citrus fruits? - ?Cold storage? - ?Energy utilization
Uncontrolled terms: Determination coefficients? - ?Energy consumption model? - ?External temperature? - ?Heat preservation time? - ?High-temperature environment? - ?Maximum temperature differences? - ?Remote monitoring? - ?Storage temperatures
Classification code: 525.3 Energy Utilization? - ?644.3 Refrigeration Equipment and Components? - ?731.3 Specific Variables Control? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products
Numerical data indexing: Age 1.37e-02yr, Mass 1.80e+02kg, Mass 6.60e+02kg, Time 4.39e+05s
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.041
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
47. Navigation Path Detection of Plant Protection Robot Based on RANSAC Algorithm
Accession number: 20204409408130
Title of translation: RANSAC
Authors: Li, Xiuzhi (1); Peng, Xiaobin (1); Fang, Huimin (2); Niu, Mengmeng (2); Kang, Jianming (2); Jian, Shichun (2)
Author affiliation: (1) Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing; 100124, China; (2) Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences, Ji’nan; 250100, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 40-46
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: Reliable and accurate visual detection of crop rows is prerequisite for implementing successful autonomous navigation for plant protection robots. A visual navigation path detection approach based on random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm was proposed. Firstly, the excess green (ExG) method and the maximum variance between classes were used to figure out gross target regions. Secondly, morphological operations and dynamic area threshold filtering strategy were employed to filter out the interferences. As outlier points significantly influenced the estimation accuracy, RANSAC algorithm was proposed to purify the inlier point sets. Finally, crop rows line features were modelled by least mean square techniques, which offered a degree of robustness in constructing global co-linear features in contrast to Hough transformation. To sufficiently verify the effectiveness of the idea, wheat, peanut, corn and film covered potato seedling images were used for evaluation. As revealed by experimental results that the proposed method outperformed Hough transformation in the crop rows center line extraction, and RANSAC algorithm rendered the method more robust with respect to noise and outliers, which allowed the successful detection rate of the work to be improved by 18.8 percentage points and arrived at 93.8%. The overall framework made sense to reliable visual navigation for plant protection robots. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 24
Main heading: Robots
Controlled terms: Air navigation? - ?Crops? - ?Linear transformations? - ?Mathematical morphology? - ?Mathematical transformations? - ?Navigation? - ?Statistics
Uncontrolled terms: Autonomous navigation? - ?Degree of robustness? - ?Hough Transformation? - ?Least mean squares? - ?Morphological operations? - ?Percentage points? - ?Random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm? - ?Visual Navigation
Classification code: 431.5 Air Navigation and Traffic Control? - ?731.5 Robotics? - ?821.4 Agricultural Products? - ?921.3 Mathematical Transformations? - ?922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Numerical data indexing: Percentage 9.38e+01%
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.005
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
48. Design, Kinematic Symbolic Solution and Performance Evaluation of New Three Translation Mechanism
Accession number: 20204409408115
Title of translation:
Authors: Shen, Huiping (1); Ji, Hao (1); Xu, Zhengxiao (1); Yang, Tingli (1)
Author affiliation: (1) Research Center for Advanced Mechanism Theory, Changzhou University, Changzhou; 213016, China
Source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title: Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume: 51
Issue: 9
Issue date: September 25, 2020
Publication year: 2020
Pages: 397-407
Language: Chinese
ISSN: 10001298
CODEN: NUYCA3
Document type: Journal article (JA)
Publisher: Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abstract: According to the topology design theory and method of parallel mechanism (PM) based on position and orientation characteristic (POC) equations, a new type of three translation (3T) PM with symbolic positive position solutions and partial motion decoupling was designed. Firstly, its topological characteristics were analyzed, and the values of its main topological features, such as POC, DOF and κ, were obtained. Secondly, the symbolic positive position solutions of the PM were obtained according to the positive kinematics modeling principle based on topological characteristics proposed by the authors. The correctness of the positive position solution was verified by the numerical model. The inverse position solution was solved and verified, The workspace of the PM was solved based on the inverse solution formula. Furthermore, the screw theory was used to solve the transmission wrench screw and the output twist screw of each branch chain. The kinematic/force transmission performance index of the mechanism were solved. The curves of input transmission index (LTI), output transmission index (OTI) and local transmission index were drawn by Matlab, According to the expression of the reciprocal product of the input twist screw and the transmission wrench screw, the expression of the output twist screw and the transmission wrench screw, and linearly independent numbers of three constraint wrench screw, the singular configuration of the mechanism was analyzed. Finally, according to the curve of LTI, the distance between each point in the workspace and the singular configuration was evaluated. ? 2020, Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery. All right reserved.
Number of references: 25
Main heading: Screws
Controlled terms: Design? - ?Kinematics? - ?Mechanisms? - ?Tools? - ?Topology? - ?Transmissions
Uncontrolled terms: Kinematics modeling? - ?Linearly independents? - ?Output transmission? - ?Position and orientations? - ?Singular configurations? - ?Topological characteristics? - ?Topological features? - ?Transmission performance
Classification code: 601.3 Mechanisms? - ?602.2 Mechanical Transmissions? - ?605 Small Tools and Hardware? - ?921.4 Combinatorial Mathematics, Includes Graph Theory, Set Theory? - ?931.1 Mechanics
Numerical data indexing: Magnetic_Flux_Density 3.00e+00T
DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.09.046
Compendex references: YES
Database: Compendex
Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Data Provider: Engineering Village
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